1989~1991년에 수원과 전주지방에 blacklight trap에 유인된 우단풍뎅이아과, 검정풍뎅이아과 및 줄풍뎅이아과 풍뎅이의 종류와 발생 소장을 조사하였다. 수원과 전주 지방에서 유인된 종수는 각각 우단풍뎅이아과 6종과 6종, 검정풍뎅이아과 8종과 7종, 줄풍뎅이아과 7종과 8종, 합계 21종과 21종이었다. 두 지방에서 각 아과 중 보다 많이 유인된 종은 우단풍뎅이아과의 애우단풍뎅이, 검정풍뎅이아과의 큰검정풍뎅이와 참검정풍뎅이, 줄풍뎅이아과의 다색줄풍뎅이와 애풍뎅이였다. 위 5종의 성충은 수원 지방보다 전주 지방에서 10~20일정도 빨리 유인되었다. 참검정풍뎅이 성충은 전주 지방에서 주로 홀수해에 발생하여 수원 지방에서와 같은 양상을 보였다.

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 들깨 국내 육성종을 포함한 수집종(蒐集種)중 20종(種)을 공시하여 이들 간의 형태적(形態的)인 주요(主要) 특성(特性), 생화학적(生化學的)인 특성(特性)과 세포유전학적(細胞遺傳學的)인 특성(特性)을 조사(調査)하고 유전적(遺傳的) 다양성(多樣性)을 밝혀 들깨의 분류(分類)와 품종육성(品種有成)에 있어서의 중요(重要)한 기초자료(基礎資科)를 얻고자 본(本) 실험(實驗)을 수행(遂行)하여 얻은 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 들깨 수집종의 형태적(形態的), 생화학적(生化學的), 세포유전학적(細胞遺傳學的) 특성(特性)을 조사(調査)해 본 바, 형태적(形態的) 특성(特性)으로 종피색은 약간의 농도차이는 있었으나 회갈색(灰褐色), 갈색(褐色), 암갈색(暗褐色)(흑색)등 3군(群)으로 나눌 수 있었으며, 우립중(于粒重)은 3.5g 이하인 것이 11종(種)으로 가장 많았고 4.5g 이하인 것이 4종(種) 4.5g 이상인 것이 5종(種)이었다. 또한 줄기색은 적색(赤色)과 녹색(綠色)으로 분류되었는데 적색(赤色)은 안동재래를 포함 5종(種)이었고 나머지는 녹색(綠色)이었다. 생화학적(生化學的)인 특성(特性)으로 각 수집종(蒐集種)을 대상으로 지방산(脂肪酸) 조성을 조사(調査)해 본 바, 불포화도가 가장 높은 linolenic acid는 53%(영양재래)에서 65%(의성재래)에 이르기 까지 다양(多樣)하였으며, 59-61% 범위에 속하는 종(種)이 12종(種)으로 가장 많았다. 염색체(染色體) 수(數)는 조사한 4개의 수집종(蒐集種)(안동재래, 엽실, 영광재래, 대영) 모두가 2n=38로 나타났다.

The Surfactants composed of acylated aterocollagen which is produced by the acylation of the side chain amino radicals of aterocollagen with an aliphatic acid having 12 to 18 carbon atoms will be discussed in this study. This condensation is done at moderate reaction temperature (〈25℃) in aqueous alkaline solution. The products of this reaction were identified by UV/VIS spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. For these compounds, surface active properties and physical properties including isoelectric point, Krafft point, surface tension, critical micelle concentration(cmc), foaming power, viscosity behaviour, water holding capacity, skin irritation and emulsifying power were measured respectively. The experimental results received that the products have a good emulsifying power, excellent water holding capacity while having low skin irritation. Thus, these derivatives will be expected to be used as an emulsifying agent for O/W type cosmetic emulsion.

This study investigated the reaction and variation of fatty acid composition of soybean oil when it is partially hydrogenated until its iodine value(IV) shifts from 134 to 110. Experment was conducted under he outlined reactiion conditions of temperatures(170, 190 and 210℃), pressure(1.3, 2.8 and 4.2atm) and nickel(Ni) catalyst concentraons(0.005, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1%) with a fixed agitation(350rpm). Further investigation was also made to see the effect of added lecithin on hydrogenation. When reaction temperature was gradually raised and catalyst concentration increased, the content of linolenic acid progressively decreased while the increase amount of stearic acid reduced(P〈0.05). On he other hand when pressure gradually increased, the contents of stearic acid and linolenic acid increased(P〈0.05). Meanwhile when lecithin was added, reaction time increased by two to six times more than when no addition was made.

Nepal産인 Nepal pseudo ginseng(NPG)의 大根과 小根 2종에 있어서 물추출 성분과 ethanol 침전성분이 암독소(Toxohormone-L)가 유도하는 지방분해에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 지방질 분해인자로 알려진 독소호르몬-L은 Sarcoma180痛생쥐의 복수증액으로부터 부분정제하여 이용하였다. 암독소가 유도하는 지방분해 저해능은 반응의 최종농도가 500 및 1, 000 dalton 일 때 大根의 NPG은 ethanol 침전성분(평균 55.5%)이 물추출 성분보다 평균 1.37배 더 높았으나 小根의 NPG는 반대로 물추출 성분(평균 55.5%)이 평균 1.14배 더 높았다. 한편 대근의 NPG의 ethanol 침전성분이 지방분해에 미치는 저해능(47.6%)을 최종 반응농도가 1, 000㎍/㎖일 때 고려홍삼의 ethanol 침전성분(79.8%)에 비교하면 약 60%에 불과하였다.

The fatty acid, all cis-δ5,11,14-C20:3, in the Gingko nuts oils, was isolated and, purified by urea-adduct method, silver ion silica gel chromatography and HPLC equipped with reversed phase μ-Bondapak C18 column. Its structural elucidation was conducted by IR and 1H-, 13C-NMR technique. The fatty acid composition of seed oils mainly consists of linoleic acid(37.73%), vaccenic acid(18.30%), oleic acid(15.18%), palmitic acid(3.37%), palmitoleic acid(3.37%) and δ5 NMDB fatty acids(8.50%) in which all cis-δ5,11,14-C20:2 predominates.

Anionic polyolic surfactants, alpha-sulfo fatty acids that straight long chain alkyl group has from 12 to 18 hydrocarbon numbers, was synthesized with sulfur trioxide-dioxane complex to good yields. New sodium alpha-sulfo long chain fatty acid monoglyceride were obtained by reaction that the ketalificaticn and esterification of glycerol, acetone and alpha-sulfo long chain fatty acid and hydrolysis respectively. These reaction products separated by column chromatography and their Rf values(Rf×100) were 19, 21, 24 and 26 respectively. These compounds were identified by infrared spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectroscopy.

This study was designed evaluate the change of fat content according to cooking methods of ground beef. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The fat content of ground beef is the lowest in boiling cooking method. 2. The fatty-acids composition of ground beef is mainly palmitic and oleic acids. The fatty acids hardly change according to cooking methods. 3. P/S ratio is inclined to increase a bit after cooking than pre-cooking. From all the results obtained in this study it can be conclude that fat content is the lowest in boiling and microwaving cooking methods and fatty acid composition is mainly palmitic and oleic acids.

Levels of total lipids in the seeds of three species of the Pinaceae family were determined and their fatty acid compositions were also analyzed by a gas-chromatograph equipped with a capillary column coated with Carbowax 20M. The results are summarized as follows: Lipid contents of the seeds amounted to 56.9% in P. koraiensis, 29.9% in P. thunbergii, and 21.2% in P. rigida. In all lipids 19~20 fatty acid were detected and, surprisingly, fatty acids having δ5-non-methylene interrupted conjugate double bond such as δ5, 9-C18:2,δ5, 9, 12-C18:3 and δ5, 11, 14-C20:3 occurred in appreciable amounts. In the lipids of P. koraiensis, the main component was C18:2Ω6(45.0%), followed by C18:1Ω 9(26.9%) and δ5, 9, 12-C18:3(14.6%), and then δ5, 9-C18:2(2.2%) and δ5, 11, 14-C20:3 were also present. Levels of saturated fatty acid such as C16:0 and C18:0 were as low as 7.5%. The seed oil of P. thunbergii predominantly comprised C18:2Ω6(45.2%), and was then occupied by equal amounts δ5, 9, 12-C18:3(18.1%) and C18:1Ω9(18.1%). Its δ5, 11, 14-C20:3(5.8%) level was the highest in the samples tested. δ5, 9-C18:2(2.8%) was also detected with other minor components. In the oils from the seeds of P. rigida, C18:2Ω6 was present as a main component, accompanied by C18:1Ω9(21.6%) and δ5, 9, 12-C18:3(20.3%). The latter showed higher level than in any other samples. A minor component corresponding to δ5, 9, 12, 15-C18:4(not confirmed by GC-Mass) occurred in P. thunbergii and P. rigida.

고려인삼중 홍삼의 산성다당체 성분이 암독소 호르몬-L의 지방분해 저해활성의 영향을 검토하고자 본 연구를 하였다. 지방분해 및 식욕억제 인자로 알려진 암독소 호르몬-L은 Sarcoma-180을 접종한 암 mouse의 복수중 액으로부터 부분 정제하여 사용하였다. 홍삼으로부터 정제하여 얻은 각 분획의 산성다당체 성분들이 in vitro에서 암독소 호르몬-L유도 지방분해를 10㎍/㎖ 반응농도 이상에서 억제작용이 있었고, 각 분획 중에서 반응농도가 50, 100, 200, 500 및 1, 000 ㎍/㎖일 때 억제율은 PG_4와 PG_4-3 성분이 가장 높았다. 그러나 인삼시료 g당 총저해활성 (unit)은 각 분획중에서 비흡착분획인 PG_1성분이 가장 높았고 다음이 흡착분획 중의 PG_4와 PG_4-3성분이 다음 순위였다.

This study was performed observe the effect of edible oil on the serum lipid of 0.5% cholesterol-fed rats. In this experiment, male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were used. The rats were divided into 5groups which were fed differently eigher for 8 weeks : basal diet, 20% sunflower oil diet, 20% soybean oil diet, 20% rapeseed oil diet, 20% coconut oil diet. The followings are the results of this experiment. 1. The total chol., free chol., TG, PL level in the serum were showed tendency of decrease with in creasing of P/S ratios. 2. HDL-chol. level was increased with increasing of P/S ratios but LDL-chol. level was decreased. 3. GOT, GPT, TBA level in the serum were increased with increasing of P/S ratios.

The needles and pollen of Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis were studied for their lipid contents and fatty acid composition. The total lipid contents in needles of Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis were 5.0 and 4.5%, whereas in pollen of Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis 3.5 and 5.6%, respectively. Twenty-four fatty acids ranged from lauric acid to docosahexaenoic acid(22:6Ω3) were identified in the needle lipids. In needles, linolenic acid and palmitic acid were the major fatty acids. The needles of Pinus densiflora showed higher proportions of docosahexaenoic acid and 5-olefinic nonmethylene-interrupted polyenoic acids than those in the Pinus koraiensis. Twenty fatty acids ranged from myristic acid to lignoceric acid were identified in the pollen lipids. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid in the pollen followed by oleic and palmitic acid. The fatty acid profile of pollen of Pinus densiflora was similar to those of the Pinus koraiensis pollen lipids.

This study was aimed to observe dose-response effects of squid liver oil enriched in n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFA) on the metabolism of streptozotocint(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In this experiment, 24 STZ-induced diabetic male rats of Sprague Dawley strain were divided into 4 groups and fed for 4 weeks with basal diet(0%). 33%,67% and 100% squid liver oil(SLO) of total fat content, and 6 normal rats were fed with 0% SLO diet at the same time. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Rat group fed with 33% SLO diet showed the least body weight loss and changes in blood glucose, while ones of 100% SLO diet showed the highest level. 2. Serum total protein and ratio of albumin to globulin of all the groups were below the standard level, but did not show significantly different among diet groups. 3. Serum creatinine concentration of all the groups were stayed whthin normal range, but BUN were 3 to 4 times higher than normal rats. BUN concentration of rats fed with 0% and 33% SLO diet was significantly lower than those of others. 4. Total-cholesterol level of serum increased in all the groups except 33% SLO diet, but since HDL-chol, levels and TG concentration went up with an incerase of SLO in the diets, the ratio of HDL-chol. to total-chol, of rats fed with 67% and 100% SLO diet showed higher than those with 0%, and 33% SLO, and TG concentration of rats fed with 67% and 100% SLO diet decreased significantly.

This study was devised to observe the inhibitory effect of 7 kinds of the acidic polysaccharide fraction(PG_1, PG_2, PG_3, PG_4, PC_5, PG_6 and PG_7) from Korean white ginseng on a lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L. Toxohormone-L is a lipolytic factor, found in ascites fluid of sarcoma -180 bearing mice and of patients with hepatoma. A substace that inhibited the lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L was isolated from white ginseng powder. This substance was an acidic polysaccharides. In vitro test showed that the inhibitory effect of PG_5 fraction of the lipolysis by Toxohormone-L was highest percent among other treatments at concentration of 50, 10, 200, 500 and l, 000㎍/㎖ of reaction mixture. And total inhibitory activity (units) of PG_1 and PG_4 was highest among other treatments at the same concentration and that of 10㎍/㎖.

This study aimed to find out the effect of freeze-drying leek against cholesterol feeding rats on the cholesterol and lipid in serum, hemolysis in erythrocyte and blood pressure in rats tall. In this experiment, male rats of Wistar strain were used. The rats were divided into 3 groups in 8 weeks : basal diet, 1% cholesterol and 1% cholesterol and 1% leek. The followings are the results of this experiment. 1. In vitro, leek-ext, reduced the hemolysis. 2. Leek reduced VLDL, LDL/HDL-cholesterol in serum. 3. Leek reduced the blood pressure in rat's tail. 4. Leek reduced the fatty change in liver caused by cholesterol treatment. This experiment showed that leek-addition group had portective effect against cholesterol fed and decresed VLDL, LDL/HDL-cholesterol in serum, Leek alleviated hemolysis in erythrocyte, blood pressure in rat's tail and fatty change in liver. Therefore, this experiment concluded that leek has defensive power against cholesterol.