This study compared the effects of praise and punishment for improving safety behaviors. Participants were 30 volunteer undergraduate students and they were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: (1) praise under which positive feedback was delivered for safe behaviors, (2) punishment under which negative feedback was delivered for unsafe behaviors. A simulated computerized work task was developed specifically for this study. Participants had to work on the work task and follow seven safety rules while working. When they follow all the seven safety rules, their behaviors were considered safe. If they did not follow any one of the rules, their behaviors were considered unsafe. Results showed that the percentage of safe behavior under group of praise feedback was significantly higher than under group of punish feedback.

본 연구는 집박쥐의 비번식기 행동권을 분석하기 위하여 경상북도 경주시의 집박쥐 주간 휴식장소를 대상으로 수행하였다. 박쥐의 포획은 새끼의 출산이 이루어지기 이전인 2009년 5월 4, 10, 18일에 하였으며, 암, 수 각각 3개체씩 총 6개체를 이용하였다. 행동권 분석을 위한 원격무선추적은 발신기(LTM Single Stage Radio Transmitter, 0.38g), 수신기(R2000 ATS receiver, Advanced Telemetry Systems, Inc., Isanti, MN), Yagi 안테나(Three element Yagi antenna) 및 차량용 안테나(Roof mounted antenna)를 이용하였으며, 분석에는 ArcGIS 3.3 (ESRI Inc.) Animal Movement Extension 2.0을 이용하였다. 집박쥐의 행동권 분석결과 평균 행동권은 14.46±3.44ha로 조사되었으며, 암컷은 16.83±1.96ha 그리고 수컷은 12.08±2.96ha의 행동권을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 암컷과 수컷의 행동권에서 평균적으로 암컷이 더 큰 행동권을 보이는 결과를 나타내었으나, 통계적으로 유의적인 차이는 확인되지 않았다(t=2.32, p〉0.05). 또한 각각의 위치정보를 기준으로 주간 휴식지에서의 최대 이동 거리는 평균 468.73±94.38m 로 나타났으며, 암컷(422.73±10.38m)과 수컷(514.74±125.74m)간의 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다(t=-1.26, p〉0.05).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of narcissistic personality and self-esteem on the appearance management behaviors(weight, skin care, makeup, hair care, clothing selection) of female college students. The questionnaires were administrated to 362 female college students living in Gwang-ju city, Korea. For analysis of data, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach'α, regression analysis were applied. The results were summarized as follows. First. the female college students' narcissistic personality was categorized into four factors, need for administration, leadership/self-confidence, need for power/entitlement, and superiority. Second, narcissistic personality significantly influenced appearance management behaviors. The further examination of the effects showed that need for administration appeared to affect clothing selection, hair care, skin care, makeup, and weight. Third, self-esteem turned out to have positive effects on overall appearance management behaviors. The further examination of the effects showed that self-esteem appeared to affect clothing selection, skin care, hair care, makeup, and weight. The results indicated that female college students' narcissistic personality and self-esteem were important factors to their appearance management behaviors and marketing programs for fashion industries.

This study focused on examining methods for the favorable relationship between internet shopping mall and customers from a point of view that it was necessary for internet fashion market getting faced with keen competition to change its marketing focus from securing new customers to customer retention strategies. Measurement instruments were selected to measure these variables and a questionnaire was made. Data was collected in 491 men and women in their twenties residing in Gwangju city using the questionnaire. The analysis results were summarized as follows: First, in the failure to purchase fashion products in internet shopping mall, as consumer's favorable internet shopping attributes, their possibility of complaining and repurchase intentions became higher, and had negative effect on regret and dissatisfaction. Second, attributions of the result of a failure to purchase fashion products in internet shopping mall were found to increase regret and dissatisfaction. Third, customers experiencing regret and dissatisfaction showed a very high possibility of complaining but their possibility of repurchase intentions had negative affect.

We surveyed 553 middle school students living in Incheon using questionnaires to compare their food behaviors and snack intake patterns according to weight groups based on BMI. Mean BMI was 20.3 for males and 19.6 for females. The rate of underweight, normalweight and overweight students was 33.3, 51.7, and 15.0%, respectively. Compared to the other two groups, the overweight students perceived their body shape more accurately (p<0.01). Regarding the reasons for skipping dinner, the most frequent answer by the underweight students was 'because of snacks', while that of the overweight students was 'to lose weight' (p<0.01). The normalweight students were found to eat a Korean traditional type breakfast more frequently than the other weight groups (p<0.05). The overweight female group was more likely to overeathabitually, whereas the normalweight and underweight groups tended to overeat when they were under stress (p<0.05). As for the amount of the snack intake, the overweight male students replied that they eat quite a lot of snacks. As a conclusion, the problems found in the underweight group were unbalanced diet and the disturbance of regular meal patterns due to inappropriate snack intake. The problems shown in the overweight group were overeating due to habit or stress, fast eating speed and large amount of snack intake.

The moving ranges and behavior of four wild abalones, Haliotis discus hannai, were measured by an acoustic telemetry technique. The shape of the sea bottom of the experimental area was surveyed by a bathymetry system and three self-recording type acoustic receivers were used for monitoring the behavior and measuring the movement range. The abalones (WA1-WA4) attached acoustic tags were released and measured the movement during ten months. Three abalones (WA1, WA3 and WA4) were successively detected around the released point during the experiment and were moved to the V2 area where water depth is deeper than the V1 area. The change of inhabitation depth was also detected from the depth sensor of WA4. As the result, abalones were moved to deeper water area accordance with the decrease of the water temperature. The moved ranges of abalones were approximately 200 - 400m from the release point.

In the rapidly changed 21st century when the flow speed of information is so fast and the quantity of information is too much increasing, personal appearance and characteristic image-formation is highly evaluated. Nowadays personal appearance is very essential to competition and may be considered the non-linguistic expression of selfimage. The beauty action of the youth is shown to follow the object which youth want to rely on or long for and it is affected by the influence of the sociocultural elements. The purpose of this study is to identify the corelation between appearance and beauty action according to the sociocultural elements of the juveniles concerning appearance and to make an inquiry into how they pursue beauty in the restrictive bound compared with the adults. As their restrictive beauty action, the practical reflection percentage of hair-style, management of face, hand and nail control will be investigated and analyzed. Furthermore this basic material of this survey was used for the development of beauty article, cosmetics and education program. With the findings of the beauty articles in which the growing generation have a deep interest, this study provided the basic materials to the customer analysis and also the reference materials to the beauty marketing.

The purpose of this study was to observe the current consumption of bedding products, purchase behavior, and to compare between purchase criteria and degree of satisfaction after the purchase. Independent variables are age, consumer's knowledge and involvement about the bedding materials. This study can contribute for bedding product marketing strategies and design development. We used questionnaires that were distributed to 500 females aged in 20s to 50s, using stratified sampling method. Only 457 reliable questionnaires were selected for statistical analysis. Data were analyzed statistically through frequencies, paired t-test, ANOVA, Dunnett T3, Chi-test, using SPSS (Version 12.0). The results of this study are as follows. The types of bedroom was significantly associated with age variables. Women in 20's to 30's were using the mixture of Ondol and bed(chimdaie), while 40's to 50's women were using bed for all their rooms. The usage of filling material for the comforter(ibul) was significantly associated with the age group. 20's to 30's age group preferred synthetic fibers for the filling, while 40 to 50's women preferred cotton fibers. Generally, the most of people used quilted comforter and they used cotton material as filling materials of comforters. As to purchase behavior, the most frequent place of purchase was specialty store of bedding products, and the highest percentage of motivation for purchase was "deformation after the use/throwing away". Purchase motivation for bedding was related with the age variable and the clusters based on the knowledge of bedding materials. We analysed the comparison test purchase criteria and satisfaction. In all attributes except brand image, people evaluated lower in satisfaction after purchase than in criteria before purchase.

This study surveyed the change of housewives’ purchase behaviors by food safety incidents; the outbreak of 2008 Melamine incident in Korea as for example. 565 housewives in Gunsan were interviewed in March 2009. 52.3% of respondents were regarded as unsatisfactory for food safety management in Korea. Despite the result of scientific assessment for melamine, 74.6% of respondents were yet regarded as health-threatening substance. By the point of before, during and after Melamine-related food safety incident, we were surveyed the level of purchase for melamine-related food items as five scales, the results were 2.47 ± 0.97, 1.80 ± 0.92 and 1.62 ± 0.92, respectively (p < 0.001). After the incident happened, the purchase level was even more reduced. This study also found that there were significance difference (p < 0.05) among the respondents’ knowledge for melamine toxicity and food safety management in Korea concerning housewives’ purchase behaviors, i.e. the more accurately for melamine toxicity and higher satisfactory of consciousness of food safety, there were less change of purchase behaviors. In conclusion, the consciousness of food safety and accurate knowledge of hazards were significantly affected for the change of housewives’purchase behaviors by food safety incidents. Therefore, it can be suggested that the need for more scientific risk communication strategies with consumer.

본 연구는 부산물 혼합 silage 사료 급여가 한우 비육전기 거세우의 채식 및 반추행동에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 시험에 사용한 공시한우는 21개월령 총 12두를 3처리로 배치하였으며, 이 때 처리구는 관행구 (C구: 농후사료+ 볏짚 자유채식)와 부산물 혼합 silage 구를 2처리 (T1: 농후사료+부산물 혼합 silage 제한급여 (1 kg) + 볏짚 자유채식, T2: 농후사료+부산물 혼합 silage 자유채식)로 하여 48시간

The purpose of this study was to detect early children with hyperactivity which is one of the symptoms of Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study used two methods: K-CBCL and observation of children’s behavior. K-CBCL was done online b

This study was conducted to collect the information on the behavioral characteristics and the habitat environment of mandarin fish (Siniperca schezeri) and catfish (Parasilurus asitus) with acoustic telemetry method in Chungju Lake, Korea. Mandarin fish tended to stay within 1km from the release points in downstream, and had a strong diurnal behavior. They approached to the lakefront at night. They also preferred to stay at deep water off the lakefront. The average swimming speed was faster at night (0.4BL/s) than during a day (0.2BL/s). They swam the shallow water area at night. Catfish frequently moved between upstream and downstream. Catfish tended to act during a day. The average swimming speed was faster during a day (0.3BL/s) than at night (0.2 BL/s). The average swimming depth was 14.3m, and they tended to float about 4m during a day.