Objective : Liver cancer is common cancer generating 11.3% incidence in Korea. But Oriental medical doctor (OMD) often can't measure therapy on liver cancer positively because that the prognosis on it is not good. It is impossible the results on all of diseases not only liver cancer always to have to be good. Methods : It is studied the literature referencing liver cancer, experimental articles to insist the effects of Oriental medicine planet to liver cancer and the clinical cases on liver cancer to be treated as Oriental medicine therapy to have effects. Results : it is required to find out the causes of diseases and therapy method to conquest the diseases for the medical therapy. But because the results on medical therapy are not always good, it is necessary for the doctor who want to treat the diseases like liver cancer having the prognosis to be death to protect himself, like as the legal system, a medical policy. And consequently, this protecting legal system lead the medical therapy principle or method on some special diseases to therapy completion on it. As a results of policy, medical therapy have to be developed. Recently, there have been many other development in oriental medical therapy. This development can be grouped as two type. One type is clinical part and the other is experimental research part. Specially the experimental research and clinical research on live cancer in oriental medical therapy have been developed. So the present day is the time to make medical policy on liver cancer for OMD to measure oriental medical therapy and develop oriental medical theory. Conclusions : As a above results, we propose that the name of liver cancer have to use in Korean medicine security clinical name (한방의료보험상병명) to make oriental medical policy.

Active clays, Diatomite, bentonite and zeolite were used as porous materials for fabricating hygroscopic gypsum boards. Pohang active clay and Cheolwon diatomite showed excellent characteristics of moisture adsorption and desorption. These characteristics were caused by higher surface area and pore volume of porous materials. Moisture adsorption content of gypsum board with 10% active clay(P1) was 62.0 g/m2, and moisture desorption content was 50.2 g/m2. Moisture adsorption content of gypsum board with 10% diatomite(P) was 59.5 g/m2, and moisture desorption content was 49.0 g/m2. Moisture adsorption contents of gypsum boards with porous materials were higher than that moisture desorption contents of gypsum board without porous materials. Correlation coefficient between surface area and moisture adsorption content of gypsum boards was 0.98. Also, correlation coefficient between surface area and moisture desorption content of gypsum boards was 0.97. Moisture adsorption and desorption contents were influenced by surface area and pore volume of the gypsum boards, and surface area had a larger effect on moisture adsorption and desorption.

1990년대 후반부터 배 과수원에서 문제가 된 꼬마배나무이는 농가에 따라 9월 수확기부터 월동기를 제외한 배 생육기 전반에 집중적인 방제로 약제저항성 발달이 우려되고 있고, 농가에서 약제효과에 대한 의문을 제기하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 시험은 나주시 금천면 농가포장에서 채집한 꼬마배나무이 5령 약충에 대해 5가지 살충제로 살충효과를 Leaf disc 분무법으로 실내 검정하여 약제효과를 검토하고자 수행하였다. 처리 24시간 후 Acetamiprid 8WP의 살충율이 14.8%로 가장 높았고, Dinotefuran 10WP와 Thiametoxam 10WG가 5.7%로 낮은 살충율을 보였으나 처리 3일후에는 Dinotefuran 10WP, Thiametoxam 10WG 살충율이 각각 78.2, 74.4%, Acetamiprid 8WP, Chlorpyrifos 25WP에 대해 각각 51.3, 42.3%, Fenitrothion 40WP에 대해 29.5%를 보였다. 처리 7일후에는 Chlorpyrifos 25WP가 90.8%로 가장 높았고, Fenitrothion 40WP가 82.9%로 가장 낮아 약제간 살충율 변화가 다른 양상을 보였다. 성충직전의 5령충으로 시험하였기 때문에 95% 이하의 살충율을 보였지만 공시약제 모두 80% 이상의 살충율을 보여 약제저항성 발달로 판단하기는 어려웠다.

Thin films of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) with various thicknesses were fabricated, and their optical andelectrical properties were investigated. The SWNTs of various thicknesses were directly coated in the arc-discharge chamberduring the synthesis and then thermally and chemically purified. The crystalline quality of the SWNTs was improved by thepurification processes as determined by Raman spectroscopy measurements. The resistance of the film is the lowest for thechemically purified SWNTs. The resistance vs. thickness measurements reveal the percolation thickness of the SWNT film tobe ~50nm. Optical absorption coefficient due to Beer-Lambert is estimated to be 7.1×10-2nm-1. The film thickness for 80%transparency is about 32nm, and the sheet resistance is 242Ω/sq. The authors also confirmed the relation between electricalconductance and optical conductance with very good reliability by measuring the resistance and transparency measurements.

Recently, Clinical reports about reducing the delivery time, pain, instrument delivery, and C-section by increasing intrauterine pressure through giving a steady pressure on fundus have been released. However, the use of fundal pressure during the labor is a cause of great concern about medical malpractice and accidents caused by overpressure on fundus. To practice fundal pressure in safe way, medical device is designed. The device consists of inflatable belt, controller, and TOCO transducer; it inflates the belt to give air pressure onto fundus. In this study, we propose the shape of belt to give an air pressure on fundus equally, efficiently, and safely.

Disk type porous nickel membrane was fabricated by in-situ reduction/sintering process using compacted NiO/PMMA (PMMA; Polymethyl methacrylate) mixture at 800℃ in hydrogen atmosphere. The porosity (4958%) of these membrane was investigated as an amount of PMMA additive. The thermal decomposition and reduction behavior of NiO/PMMA were analyzed by TG/DTA in hydrogen atmosphere and the activation energy for the hydrogen reduction of NiO and thermal degradation of PMMA was calculated as 61.1 kJ/mol, evaluated by Kissinger method. Finally, the filtering performance and pressure drop were measured by particle counting system.

Titanium dioxide thin films were fabricated as hydrogen sensors and its sensing properties were tested. The titanium was deposited on a SiO2/Si substrate by the DC magnetron sputtering method and was oxidized at an optimized temperature of 850˚C in air. The titanium film originally had smooth surface morphology, but the film agglomerated to nano-size grains when the temperature reached oxidation temperature where it formed titanium oxide with a rutile structure. The oxide thin film formed by grains of tens of nanometers size also showed many short cracks and voids between the grains. The response to 1% hydrogen gas was ~2×106 at the optimum sensing temperature of 200˚C, and ~103 at room temperature. This extremely high sensitivity of the thin film to hydrogen was due partly to the porous structure of the nano-sized sensing particles. Other sensor properties were also examined.

Elevated expression of survivin is strongly associated with tumorigenesis and even in human common cancers. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the 7th most frequent cancer in human and responsible for more than 90% of all oral cancer. The purpose of this study is to confirm whether survivin is associated with oral carcinogenesis, expecially has a role in the development of OSCC. For the control group; 3 specimens obtained from normal oral mucosa without any inflammatory reaction were used a nd for the experimental group, specimens obtained f rom 18 sub jects of OSCC; 6 subjects from Well differentiated type OSCC; 4 subjects from Moderately differentiated type OSCC; 3 subjects from Poorly differentiated type OSCC; 3 subjects from Verrucous carcinoma: and 2 subjects from C arcinoma in situ were used. All the specimens were embedded in paraffin, sectioned 5 μm or more in thickness, and stained with hematoxylin- eosin. For immunostain, the specimens were incubated with 1;200 diluted primary antibody (anti-survivin monoclonal, Biocare Inc, USA), followed by the secondary antibody(NovoLink Polymer detection system, Novocastra Lab., UK). The bound antibodies were visualized by addition of diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride(DAB) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The specimens were counterstained with Mayerʼs Hematoxylin and mounted. Quantitation of immunoreactivity was performed under the light microscope with the following criteria ; Intensive reaction; +++, Moderate reaction; ++, Minimal reaction; +. Using the image analyzer(Korea Optical System), immunoreactivity of tumor cells in various field was measured and statistically analyzed with SPSS 15.0 Program. The results were as follows: Expression of survivin in OSCC was significantly increased in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of OSCC as compare to those of control group (p<0.05). Expression of survivin in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of the cells in OSCC is correlated with the cellular malignancy (p<0.05). Expression of survivin in Poorly differentiated type OSCC partly correlated to some extent to cellular malignancy (p<0.05). These results suggest that expression of survivin in OSCC is closely associated with to the development, and malignancy of the OSCC, b ut it is not enough to be used a s a marker f or the c ellular malignancy. Further studies are needed to relate the expression of survivin to cellular malignancy.

본 연구는 사료맥류의 최적 수확시기를 검토하기 위하여 맥종별(청보리, 호밀, 귀리, 트리티케일 및 총체밀) 수확시기(출수기, 출수 후 10, 20 및 30일)에 따른 건물수량과 사일리지의 품질을 검토하였다. 건물수량은 모든 맥종에서 출수 후 생육기간이 진행됨에 따라 증가되는 추세를 보였는데, 청보리와 총체밀의 경우 출수 후 20일에 가장 높게 나타났고, 귀리와 트리티케일은 출수 후 30일 가장 높게 나타났다. 화학성분은 생육기간이 길어짐에 따라 유의한

이 연구는 사료용 청보리 전용품종들의 수확 시기별 수량과 품질을 검토하여 적정 수확 및 이용시기를 도출하고자 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부 포장에서 2007년 10월부터 2008년 6월까지 실시하였다. 시험은 수확시기를 주구로 5회 (출수기로부터 7일 간격), 품종을 세구로 4품종 ('영양', '우호', '유연', '다미')을 분할구 배치법 3반복으로 배치하여 실시하였고, 생육특성, 수량 및 사료가치를 조사하였다. 지상부 이삭비율은 출수기 이후 직선적으로 증가

Changes in the surface morphology and light scattering of textured Al doped ZnO thin films on glasssubstrates prepared by rf magnetron sputtering were investigated. As-deposited ZnO:Al films show a hightransmittance of above 80% in the visible range and a low electrical resistivity of 4.5×10-4Ω·cm. The surfacemorphology of textured ZnO:Al films are closely dependent on the deposition parameters of heater temperature,working pressure, and etching time in the etching process. The optimized surface morphology with a cratershape is obtained at a heater temperature of 350oC, working pressure of 0.5 mtorr, and etching time of 45seconds. The optical properties of light transmittance, haze, and angular distribution function (ADF) aresignificantly affected by the resulting surface morphologies of textured films. The film surfaces, havinguniformly size-distributed craters, represent good light scattering properties of high haze and ADF values.Compared with commercial Asahi U (SnO2:F) substrates, the suitability of textured ZnO:Al films as frontelectrode material for amorphous silicon thin film solar cells is also estimated with respect to electrical andoptical properties.

과원 문제해충의 하나인 꼬마배나무이의 월동성충 방제를 위한 기계유 유제 살포적기는 2월 1일부터 일일 최고기온이 6℃ 이상인 날의 수가 16-21일 에 도달하는 시기로 농가에서 활용하고 있다. 이 시기에 꼬마배나무이 성충이 낳은 알의 부화율을 2008-09년에 포장에서 채취한 배 단과지를 현미경하에서 조사하는 한편, 부화율 모델을 고안하고자 월동성충 방제적기 모델과 유사하 게 2월 1일부터 일일 최고기온 6℃ 이상의 온도를 누적하였다. 2008년에 50% 알 부화일은 4월 11일이었으며 누적적산온도는 429.7일도였고, '09년에는 4월 6일이었으며 417.6일도였다. 한편 농가에서 기계유유제로 월동성충을 방제할 때 살충제를 혼용하는 경우가 많은데 기계유유제와 살충제혼용, 살충제 단용 살포, 기계유유제 단용살포에 대한 꼬마배나무이 살충율을 조사하였다. 기계 유유제와 살충제 혼용살포는 혼합약종에 따라 다소의 차이가 있었으며 처리 7일후 살충율이 약 75-90%를 보였고, 살충제만 처리하였을 경우는 약 30~65%, 기계유유제만 살포한 경우는 살충제와 혼용하여 살포하는 것과 유사 한 결과를 보였다. 따라서 꼬마배나무이 월동성충을 방제할 때 살충제를 혼용 또는 단용 살포하는 것은 경제성이 없는 것으로 판단되었다.