This study aimed to establish a marker compound in roasted Astragalus membranaceus (AM) water extract and to validate its analytical methods. The roasting process significantly enhanced the isoflavone content in AM. Among the four isoflavones analyzed, calycosin 7-glucoside (C7G) emerged as the most abundant, with a concentration of 847.88 μg/g in the AM extract. Due to its concentration and representativeness, C7G was designated as the marker compound, and its analytical method was thoroughly validated. Specificity was confirmed by the consistent retention time of the C7G peak at 15.2 minutes across both the sample and the standard compound. High absorbance was recorded at UV wavelengths of 220, 250, and 260 nm. The method exhibited excellent linearity, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9999 across a concentration range of 0.2 to 50.0 μg/mL. The limits of detection and quantification were determined to be 0.029 μg/mL and 0.088 μg/mL, respectively. Precision assessments revealed intra-day and inter-day variations of 0.812% and 1.650%, respectively. Recovery tests yielded values ranging from 99.419% to 104.861%, with relative standard deviations between 1.152% and 2.215%. These results affirm that the analytical method for C7G is highly specific, linear, accurate, and precise. This validated method may serve as a valuable tool for the standardization of roasted AM water extract.

The leaves and stalks of sweet potato have attracted considerable interest as a health food due to numerous studies reporting the presence of functional compounds and various physiological activities. This study analyzed the functional components in the aerial parts of six domestically developed sweet potato cultivars and compared their antioxidant activities. The total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and total phenolic acid content ranged from 76.9 to 148.6 mg GAE/g, 3.98 to 11.90 mg CE/g, and 44.19 to 93.56 mg/100 g, respectively. Among the cultivars examined, 'Gogeonmi' and 'Tongchaeru' exhibited high levels of these compounds, and their DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were superior to those of the other cultivars. The GABA content ranged from 0.59 to 2.55 mg/g, with 'Tongchaeru' and 'Jinhongmi' showing the highest levels. Lutein content ranged from 0.10 to 0.24 mg/g, with 'Tongchaeru' reaching its maximum concentration 90 days post-cultivation. Extracts from 'Tongchaeru' significantly inhibited the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) inflammatory cytokines, with the water extract demonstrating a stronger effect than the pretanol extract. These findings suggest that the aerial parts of sweet potato could serve as excellent functional vegetables and bioactive ingredients for health food applications.

The Ansan Reclaimed Wetland, reclaimed in 1986 and maintained for 38 years, underwent two wetland function assessments to develop strategies for enhancing biodiversity and conservation. The biota of the reclaimed wetland showed an increase in the number of species observed across most taxa, while the number of amphibian and reptile species decreased. Among legally protected species and specific species, Aix galericulata and Lefua costata were not observed, whereas Libellula angelina were introduced. The results were categorized into “protection or improvement” and “enhancement.” Proposed conservation measures include removing planted shrubs, maintaining waterways, and installing gabion structures and wildlife corridors.

This study evaluated the quality characteristics of Flammulina velutipesduring storage using modified atmosphere films of different thicknesses (20, 40, and 60 μm). The films included high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). F. velutipeswere stored at 1°C for six weeks, and quality was assessed based on weight loss, respiration rate, firmness, color parameters, β-glucan content, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] radical scavenging activities). All HDPE and LDPE films were more effective than the conventional film (polypropylene) at maintaining mushroom quality, particularly in the later stages of storage. In particular, LDPE films with thicknesses of 20 and 40 μm showed superior performance at reducing respiration rates and weight loss, while mushrooms packaged with these films retained higher TPC and antioxidant activities. The β-glucan content also remained more stable in mushrooms stored using HDPE and LDPE films. Although we did not evaluate changes in sensory properties or nutritional components, such as vitamins, our results suggest that the type and thickness of packaging films significantly influence the preservation of the quality of F. velutipesduring storage. Additionally, LDPE films with thicknesses of 20 and 40 μm were found to be the most suitable packaging materials for the distribution and storage of F. velutipes. Furthermore, these findings are expected to provide valuable insights into the selection of optimal packaging materials to extend the shelf life and maintain freshness during the postharvest handlingof F. velutipes.

Flammulina velutipesis highly valued and widely consumed because of its nutritional and functional benefits, and its global demand is steadily increasing. However, rapid quality deterioration and short shelf life create an urgent need for effective preservation and advanced quality assessment of Flammulina velutipes. The aim of this review was to identify methods that reduce postharvest quality loss, extend shelf life, and optimize storage and distribution practices for Flammulina velutipes. Chemical treatments (including antioxidants, 1-methylcyclopropene, and edible coatings), low-temperature plasma, and innovative nanocomposite-based packaging have been effective in maintaining Flammulina velutipesquality after harvest. Nevertheless, further discussions on the economic feasibility, safety, and sustainability of these technologies are essential for their practical and industrial applications in Flammulina velutipespreservation.

본 연구는 포천노인복지센터에서 2022년도에 경기특화사업으로 실행한 ‘융복합 재가노인 맞춤형영 양지원사업’의 연속으로 고령재가노인을 대상으로 집합교육 및 치과내원, 재가서포터즈단을 활용한 재택멘토링 교육 등 구강관리사업 수행 사전, 사후 측정과 비참여집단과의 비교 결과를 정량적으로 검증하고 정성적으로 도출하는 것을 목적한다. 연구대상은 포천노인복지센터 재가노인지원서비스 수혜자 중 사례관리를 통해 30여명을 선정하여 먼저 참여자의 사회인구학적 요인의 정규분포성으로 Shapiro-Wilk 활용 결과 연구가설이 채택되었다. 자료의 수집은 10개월 사업기간 전후반에 설문을 통해 실행되었으며, 비 참여자의 경우 사업 종료후 에 설문자료를 수집하였다. 첫 번째 연구문제의 실험1에서는 참여 전체집단(N=30)은 고령으로 인한 정규분포성 불안정과 소수 집단으로 비모수통계 Wilcoxon(W)로 사용 척도에 대해 사전/사후 차이 정도를 확인하였다. 실험2에서 참여 틀니집단(N=17)과 비틀니집단(N=13)의 사전비교와 사후비교 차이는 동질성 Levene(F) 확인 후 두 독립표본의 Mann-Whitney(U)를 활용한 결과로 확인하였다. 두 번째 연구문제에서는 구강관리사업 참여 전체집단(N=30)과 비참여 집단(N=30)에 대한 추후 구 강보건인식 척도를 동질성 Levene(F) 확인 후 두 독립표본의 Mann-Whitney(U)를 활용하여 확인하였다. 이에 추가하여 정성적인 평가로 각 단위프로그램별 진행과 성과에 대해 FGI를 기술하였다. 본 연구 결과 저소득 고령재가노인의 구강관리 인식 미흡으로 표본집단의 정규분포성이 불안정하 며 위드코로나 고려 소수 재가서포터즈단이 재택멘토링을 수행하였기에 비모수통계방식 적용 및 일 부 영가설이 기각되지 않아 효과크기(Effect Size)를 적용한 검증으로 사업에 효과가 있음을 정량적으로 도출하였다.

횡성 포동습지의 어류상 및 어류군집 특징을 밝히기 위해 6개 지점을 선정하여 2023년 4월부터 10월까지 3회 조사를 실시하였다. 어류의 채집은 하천에서는 족대와 투망, 일각망을, 호내에서는 족대와 투망, 삼중자망, 삼각망을 사용하였다. 조사결과, 6개 지점에서 5목 12과 33종 5,616개가 채집되었으며, 우점종은 참붕어(29.5%), 아우점종은 피라미(24.1%)였고, 그 다음으로 참갈겨니(10.3%), 빙어(8.3%), 붕어(5.7%), 돌고기(4.0%), 긴몰개(3.7%), 떡붕어(2.8%) 등의 순으로 우세하였 다. 환경부지정 멸종위기 야생생물은 II급 한강납줄개와 돌상어 2종이 채집되었고, 한국고유종은 한강납줄개, 쉬리, 긴몰개, 돌상어, 돌마자, 참갈겨니, 참종개, 새코미꾸리, 눈동자개, 퉁가리, 꺽지, 얼록동사리 12종(고유화율 36.4%)이 확인되었다. 회유성(강하형) 어종은 뱀장어 1종, 육봉형 어류는 빙어와 밀어 2종이 채집되었으며, 외래어종은 이스라엘잉어와 떡붕어, 배스 3종이 채집되었는데, 이중 배스는 생태계교란 생물로 지정된 종이다. 횡성 포동습지는 하천생태계와 호소생태계가 함께 있기 때문에 다양한 어류 서식지를 제공하고 있어 멸종위기종 한강납줄개와 돌상어를 포함하여 많은 종이 서식하여 보존가치 가 높은 곳으로 판단되었다. 하지만 교란요인으로 하천공사와 하천내에 설치된 보, 생태계교란 생물 배스의 서식 등이 확인되어 종합적인 보존대책이 요구되었다.

PURPOSES : The skid resistance between tires and the pavement surface is an important factor that directly affects driving safety and must be considered when evaluating the road performance. In especially wet conditions, the skid resistance of the pavement surface decreases considerably, increasing the risk of accidents. Moreover, poor drainage can lead to hydroplaning. This study aimed to develop a prediction equation for the roughness coefficient—that is, an index of frictional resistance at the interface of the water flow and surface material—to estimate the thickness of the water film in advance to prevent human and material damage. METHODS : The roughness coefficient can be changed depending on the surface material and can be calculated using Manning's theory. Here, the water level (h), which is included in the cross-sectional area and wetted perimeter calculations, can be used to calculate the roughness coefficient by using the water film thickness measurements generated after simulating specific rainfall conditions. In this study, the pavement slope, drainage path length, and mean texture depth for each concrete surface type (non-tined, and tined surfaces with 25-mm and 16-mm spacings) were used as variables. A water film thickness scale was manufactured and used to measure the water film thickness by placing it vertically on top of the pavement surface along the length of the scale protrusion. Based on the measured water film thickness, the roughness coefficient could be back-calculated by applying Manning's formula. A regression analysis was then performed to develop a prediction equation for the roughness coefficient based on the water film thickness data using the water film thickness, mean texture depth, pavement slope, and drainage path length as independent variables. RESULTS : To calculate the roughness coefficient, the results of the water film thickness measurements using rainfall simulations demonstrated that the water film thickness increased as the rainfall intensity increased under N/T, T25, and T16 conditions. Moreover, the water film thickness decreased owing to the linear increase in drainage capacity as the mean texture depth and pavement slope increased, and the shorter the drainage path length, the faster the drainage, resulting in a low water film thickness. Based on the measured water film thickness data, the roughness coefficient was calculated, and it was evident that the roughness coefficient decreased as the rainfall intensity increased. Moreover, the higher the pavement slope and the shorter the drainage path length, the faster the drainage reduced the water film thickness and increased the roughness coefficient (which is an indicator of the friction resistance). It was also evident that as the mean texture depth increased, the drainage capacity increased, which also reduced the roughness coefficient. CONCLUSIONS : As the roughness coefficient of the concrete road surface changes based on the environmental factors, road geometry, and pavement surface characteristics, we developed a prediction equation for the concrete pavement roughness coefficient that considered these factors. To validate the proposed prediction equation, a sensitivity analysis was conducted using the water film thickness prediction equation from previous studies. Existing models have limitations on the impact of the pavement type and rainfall intensity and can be biased toward underestimation; in contrast, the proposed model demonstrated a high correlation between the calculated and measured values. The water film thickness was calculated based on the road design standards in Korea—in the order of normal, caution, and danger scenarios—by using the proposed concrete pavement roughness coefficient prediction model under rainy weather conditions. Specifically, because the normal and caution stages occur before the manifestation of hydroplaning, it should be possible to prevent damage before it leads to the danger stage if it is predicted and managed in advance.

씨고자리꽃파리(Delia platura)는 온대지역의 해충으로 콩과, 백합과, 십자화과 작물뿐만 아니라 옥수수, 감자, 당근 등 기주범위가 매우 넓 은 해충으로 알려져 있다. 씨고자리꽃파리는 여름철 이후 발생이 급격히 감소하거나 사라지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 씨고자리꽃 파리의 특이한 연간 발생양상을 이해하기 위하여 몇 가지 온도와 광조건에서 발육실험과 야외에서 성충발생양상을 조사하였다. 광조건(16L:8D, 12L:12D)과 관계없이 처리온도 21, 24, 27°C에서 하면증상 없이 성충까지 성공적으로 발육하였다(번데기 생존률 : 93.5~100.0%). 고온(광조 건 16L:8D)인 30 및 33°C에서도 하면이 유도된 발육단계는 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서 씨고자리꽃파리의 여름철 후 감소현상은 하면가설로 설명 이 어려웠다. 2021년과 2022년 포장조사(제주)에서 7월 중순부터는 성충이 점착트랩에 거의 유살되지 않는 양상을 보였다. 고도별 트랩을 설치 한 2023년 조사에서 높은 고도인 620미터 트랩에서는 전체적으로 발생량이 적었고 연간 특별한 양상을 보이지 않았다. 저고도 70미터와 중간고 도 300미터는 2개의 발생최성기(peak)가 관측되었으며, 보다 서늘한 지점의 300미터 트랩의 발생최성기는 70미터 트랩과 비교하여 약 40일 정 도 지연되어 나타났다. 특히 300미터 트랩에서는 여름철 이후 9월 중순까지도 트랩에 유살되는 성충이 관찰되었다. 아직은 완벽하지 않지만 고온 회피설이 씨고자리꽃파리의 후기 발생을 부분적으로 설명할 수 있었다. 더 정확한 해석을 위해서는 앞으로 고온 산란임계온도와 더불어 생식적 휴면(하면)의 여부, 고온회피행동의 구체적 양상 등에 대한 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

In this study, we investigated the vertical distribution and vascular plants on Joryeongsan Mountain in Baekdudaegan, Korea. The results of four field surveys from April to September 2023 identified a total of 552 taxa, representing 491 species, ten subspecies, 43 varieties, six forms, and two hybrids in 314 genera and 101 families. The elevational distribution ranges of 360 taxa of vascular plants were also identified. Among them, 19 taxa were endemic to Korea, and two taxa were rare plants. The floristic target plants amounted to 100 taxa, specifically two taxa of grade V, seven taxa of grade IV, 25 taxa of grade III, 33 taxa of grade II, and 33 taxa of grade I. Seventy-eight taxa were northern lineage plants. In all, 29 taxa of alien plants were recorded in the investigated area, with a naturalized index of 5.3% and an urbanization index of 7.4%. Two plants disturbed the ecosystem. Species richness along the elevation showed a reversed doublehump shape with peaks at low, mid, and high elevations. The results of a cluster analysis showed a high degree of similarity between adjacent elevation sections, except in lowlands. Detrended Correspondence Analysis ordination also supported distinct groups by elevation. Warmth index values ranged from 62.1ºC·month to 92.9ºC·month on Joryeongsan Mountain. Our results provide primary data on vascular plants and valuable information on the current distribution ranges of plant species on Joryeongsan Mountain. These data could serve as a baseline for comparing species shifts at elevations under future climate changes.

To increase industrial applicability of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) as immunostimulating materials, hot-water extract (AME) was prepared from AM and fermented with Kimchi-lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sakei & Leuconostoc mesenteroides) to prepare fermented AM-postbiotics (FAME). Although FAME prepared from AM-postbiotics did not show a significant enhancement in macrophage stimulating activity compared to non-fermented AME, crude polysaccharide (FAME-CP) fractionated by EtOH precipitation from FAME showed significantly higher macrophage stimulating activity than AME-CP. Compared to AME-CP, FAME-CP showed dramatic changes in component sugar and molecular weight distribution. FAME-CP was a polysaccharide with a major molecular weight distribution of 113.4 kDa containing Man (44.2%), Glc (19.3%), Gal (10.2%), GalA (10.2%), and Ara (7.4%) as sugar components. FAME-CP with enhanced macrophage stimulatory activity not only increased expression levels of mRNA genes encoding macrophage-activated factors (iNOS, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, and COX-2), but also led the nuclear translocation of activated p65 and c-Jun. In conclusion, crude polysaccharide from AM-postbiotics fermented with lactic acid bacteria could increase industrial applicability as a functional material with enhanced immunostimulating activity than AME-CP.

To produce an intestinal immunomodulatory beverage containing Centella asiatica extract (CAE), three types of CAE-added beverage prototypes were prepared, and their immunomodulatory activities and marker compounds were analyzed. As a result of the cytotoxicity assessment, all the beverages did not show significant toxicity compared to the control group. Next, the immunomodulatory activities of the beverage prototype were evaluated using the inflammatory model of IL-1β-induced intestinal epithelial cell line. All the samples significantly reduced the production of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 in a CAE concentration-dependent manner. In addition, CAE-added beverages inhibited NO, IL-6, and IL-12 production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. When the major triterpenoids, as marker compounds for the production of CAE-added beverages, were analyzed by HPLC-DAD, only asiaticoside was detected beyond the limit of quantification, while madecassoside, madecassic acid, and asiatic acid were not detected. The amounts of asiaticoside in CAE-added beverage prototypes were confirmed in No. 1 (19.39 μg/mL), 2 (19.25 μg/mL), and 3 (19.98 μg/mL). In conclusion, the results of this study suggested that CAE-added beverage prototypes induced immunomodulatory effects in the intestinal inflammatory cell line models and asiaticoside could be used as a marker compound for CAE-added beverage production.

우리나라는 초고령화 사회진입에 전세계적으로 보기드문 급속한 추세에 있다. 또한 코로나19로 인해 대 면적인 사회서비스 제한이 장기화된 상황에서 우리나라 서울보다 1.4배 넓은 소농·도시형인 포천시에 거주 하는 재가노인의 가장 우선시되는 욕구는 먼저 육체적으로 면역력 강화를 위한 영양섭취이고 다음으로는 사회관계를 통한 정신적인 스트레스 해소로 나타났다. 이에 포천시에 위치한 포천노인복지센터는 2004년부터 ‘재가노인지원서비스사업’을 수행하면서 집안에 서 적용 가능한 현관문 개폐와 노인 움직임 감지 등 IOT(Internet Of Things)를 실행하였다. 본 연구에서는 포천시에 거주하는 재가노인을 대상으로 경기도 특화사업인 ‘재가노인 건강기능강화를 위한 맞춤형영양지원사업’을 사회복지사 한명이 식재료와 조리방법을 직접 전달, 설명하는 ‘대면그룹 7명’ 과 수행했다. 그리고 자원봉사자와 재가노인이 일대일 재택대면매칭에 추가하여 ICT를 기반으로 원격화상 을 통해 조리사와 실시간 동시접속 하는 ‘비대면그룹 10명’으로 구분하였다. 8개월 동안 총17명의 대상자에게 음식요리와 섭취를 통해 ‘노인의 영양상태 간이조사’, ‘영양이 노인의 정서· 심리에 미치는 상관관계’ 설문조사와 인바디/혈압측정 등으로 정량적인 결과를 도출함으로써 재가노 인의 건강이 강화됨을 알 수 있었다.

본 연구에서는 순례명상자의 참여 특성에 따른 영성적 웰빙, 삶의질, 회복 경험의 차이를 살펴봄으로써 각 참여 특성에 따라 순례명상자들의 경험을 세 분화하고 향후 순례명상 프로그램 구성에 필요한 정보를 제공하는 것을 목적 으로 한다. 본 연구의 연구대상은 인도 순례명상에 참여한 순례명상자 85명으로 영성 적 웰빙, 삶의질, 회복경험 척도로 구성된 설문지를 활용하여 서면조사를 실 시하였다. 수집한 데이터는 SPSS 18.0을 활용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계, 독립표 본 t-검정의 방법으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 순례명상자의 영성적웰빙, 삶의질, 회 복경험에 대한 기술통계 분석을 실시한 결과, 영성적웰빙의 하위요인인 종교적웰빙, 영성적웰빙의 척도 전체, 실존적웰빙과 회복경험, 삶의질 순으로 평 균이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 순례명상자의 연령에 따른 영성적 웰빙, 삶의질, 회복경험의 차이는 유의미하지 않았다. 셋째, 순례명상자의 참여계기에 따른 영성적 웰빙, 삶의질, 회복경험의 차이는 유의미하지 않았다. 넷째, 순례명상 자의 참여목적에 따른 영성적 웰빙, 삶의질, 회복경험의 차이에서는 영성적웰 빙의 하위요인인 실존적웰빙, 회복경험, 삶의질의 평균이 참여목적에 따라 차 이가 없었으며, 불교신행이 참여목적인 경우가 심리적인 도움이 참여목적인 경우에 비해 영성적웰빙의 하위요인인 종교적웰빙과 척도 전체의 평균이 유 의미하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 순례명상을 경험한 참여자를 대상으로 그들의 심리적 변인에 대 해 경험적으로 확인이고 순례명상의 의미에 대해서 고찰하였다는데 그 의의 가 있다. 주제어: 순례명상자, 참여 특성, 영성적 웨빙, 삶의질, 회복경험.

본 연구는 여성들의 천연 에센셜 오일에 대한 인식 및 사용실태 정도를 연구하 고자 2023년 3월 23일부터 4월 24일까지 대전광역시, 세종특별자치시, 충청남·북 도 지역에 거주하는 10-50대 이상의 여성 300명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였 다. 수집된 자료는 통계 프로그램 SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science) 28.0를 사용하여 분석하였으며, 이에 따른 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 연구 대상자 의 일반적 특성으로 연령대로는 50대 이상(39.7%), 결혼 유무별로는 기혼(81.7%), 직업별로는 전문직(27.0%)이 가장 많았다. 최종학력별로는 대학교 재/졸(47.3%) 가 정의 월평균 소득별로는 300-400만원 미만(34.0%)이 가장 많았다. 천연 에센셜 오 일에 대한 인식으로 천연 에센셜 오일에 대한 인식수준은, 천연 에센셜 오일은 직사광선을 피하고 서늘한 곳에 보관해야 한다.’는 정답(98.0%), 천연 에센셜 오일에 대한 지식수준은 연령별로는 50대 이상(M=8.66), 아로마테라피에 대한 인지도는 30대(M=3.23)가 가장 높게 나타났다. 천연 에센셜 오일의 사용 실태에서 처음 사 용한 시기는 40-49세(27.7%), 사용하게 된 계기는 주위의 권유(39.0%), 사용하는 주된 이유는 스트레스 완화(42.7%), 사용하는 시기는 기분 전환이 필요할 때 (40.0%), 주로 사용하는 형태는 블렌딩 오일(43.7%), 사용하는 정도는 2-3일에 한 번(37.3%), 이용하는 주요 부위는 얼굴/목(34.4%), 현재 사용하는 오일은 라벤더 (11.6%)로 나타났다. 이의 결과는 추 후 아로마테라피 분야 연구에 따른 기초자료 로 활용 가능성이 높은 것으로 사료되어진다.

The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant activities and functional contents of Korean conventional and Chinese seed gingers from the Jeollabuk-do Wanju and Chungcheongnam-do Seosan regions. Ginger samples were subjected to steaming treatments for different durations (2–8 h) at 121oC using an autoclave. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring total polyphenol and flavonoid contents and ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities, while functional ingredient contents were analyzed for gingerols and shogaols. The results showed that Wanju conventional seed ginger (WO-2) had the highest total polyphenol (85.24 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (98.14 RE/100 g) contents, surpassing that of the control in all steamed groups at 6 h. ABTS radical scavenging activity showed a strong correlation with total polyphenol and flavonoid contents. The control groups indicated that Korean conventional seed ginger had 1.0–1.3 times higher gingerol contents compared to Chinese seed ginger. Furthermore, the content of shogaols, considered major functional ingredients, increased significantly with longer steaming durations, reaching the highest content (1,793 mg/kg) at 8 h, which was 1.0–1.8 times higher in Korean conventional seed ginger than that in Chinese seed ginger. These experiments provide valuable data supporting the excellence of Korean conventional seed ginger in the future.