본 연구는 고추수확기의 이물질 선별부의 선별성능을 분석하기 위해 수행하였다. 고추 품종 3가지에 대하여 건조하지 않은 시료와 건조한 시료의 고추 과실 및 이물질의 부유 속도를 측정하였다. 각 시료의 부유 속도를 측정한 결과, 건조하지 않은 고추 과실, 고추 줄기, 고춧잎은 각각 11.5-14.3 m/s, 10.9-12.5 m/s, 3.45-5.42 m/s 로 나타났다. 건조한 고추 과실, 고추 줄기, 고춧잎의 부유속도는 각각 10.89-12.1 m/s, 8.35-9.54 m/s, 2.74-5.14 m/s로 나타났다. 이물질 선별부 요인 실험 장치를 제작하고, 풍향 가이드 3개, 5개를 추가한 풍구를 제작하여 풍향 가이드 추가에 따른 풍속을 측정하였으 며 그 결과, 풍향 가이드 추가한 풍구의 좌우 풍속의 편차가 풍향 가이드를 추가하지 않은 풍구의 풍속 편차보다 낮았다. 풍구 가이드의 갯수와 수집 가이드의 위치에 따라 이물질 선별률, 이물질 정체율을 조사하고, 그 결과를 반복이 있는 이원배치법을 사용하여 통계분석을 실시하였다. 수집 가이드 위치를 전방 중앙 기준으로 풍향 가이드를 추가하지 않은 풍구 이물질 선별률과 이물질 정체율은 각각 47.0%, 7.2%로 나타났다. 풍향 가이드를 3개 추가한 경우 이물질 선별율과 정체율은 각각 34.2%, 2.6% 였으며, 풍향 가이드 5개를 추가한 경우 각각 31.1%, 0.8%로 나타났다. 이물질 선별 및 정체를 고려하였을 때 풍향 가이드 3개를 추가하고 수집 가이드 위치를 전방 중앙 조건에서 최적인 조건으로 판단된다.

동부박(CPM)을 첨가하여 제조한 두부의 품질특성의 변화를 측정하였다. CPM 첨가비율이 증가할수록 L값은 대조구 CPM-O과 처리구 CPM-I, CPM-II, CPM-III 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다(p < 0.05). b값은 CPM-III 에서 14.26로 가장 낮았으며, 동부박(CPM) 첨가비율이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 텍스쳐 프로파일의 결과는 대조 구 CPM-O와 동부박 첨가 처리구 CPM-I간에는 응집성 (cohesiveness)을 제외한 모든 조사항목에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 처리구 별 pH는 6.36~6.52로 대조구와 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 탁도는 1.46~1.81 범위로 CPM 첨가비율이 증가됨에 따라 증가하였다. 일반 세균수는 CPM-III에서 4.40 × 102CFU/g로 대조구와 유의 적인 차이를 나타내었다. Esterichia coli의 경우, 대조구 CPM-O와 전 처리구에서 검출되지 않았다. 관능적인 분석 결과는 동부박 현탁액 첨가비율이 10%인 처리구 CPM-I 의 경우 대조구와 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않아, 동부 묵 제조의 부산물을 이용하여 두부제조에 적용할 때는 동부박 첨가 비율이 10%가 적합하다고 판단되었다. Isoflavone glycoside (IG)는 genistin, daidzin, glycitin 순으로 많이 함유되어 있었으며, 동부박(CPM) 첨가 비율이 증가함에 따라 그 함량은 유의적으로 감소하였다. Isoflavone-aglycone (IA)는 IG보다는 함량이 낮았으며, genistein과 daidzein이 glycitein 보다 많이 함유되어 있었으며, 동부박 첨가비율이 증가됨에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다.

This study was conducted to demonstrate quality characteristics of ginger by making aged ginger( AG) with two methods, the frist method was that ginger was aged at constant temperature and humidity chamber for the duration of 10, 20 and 30 days, and the other method was drying the ginger just after steaming it for 3 hours. As the age was being processed, the volume of ginger’s appearance decreased rapidly and its color seemed to be darker because of the decrease in moisture. In the case of general components, the content of crude ash was depended on aged periods while the content of crude fat was independent with aged periods, and according to the content of crude protein, there was not any significant differences. The main valuable ingredient which is 6-gingerol showed the decreasing trend as it was exposed to heat with more time, and 6-shogaol which is also one of the main valuable ingredients showed high content at T-II(AG-10days). Free sugar and free amino acid of AG decreased as aged period goes by, and this study found that there were lots of essential amino acid (threonine, glutamic acid, alanine, valine, leucine and tyrosine) in ginger. The amount of unsaturated fatty acid of AG was significantly higher than the amount of saturated fatty acid of AG with the approximate ratio of 60:40, and the amount of free fatty acid of AG did not seem any big differences between AG and none AG. Considering both valuable ingredients and nutritive components, T-I (steamed ginger, SG) and T-II which was aged for 10 days were evaluated excellently.

The study indicated that antimicrobial activity about gram positive and gram negative bacteria of ginger-oleoresin(GO) extract with the condition of ethanol and supercritical fluid extractions. As the concentration of extraction increases, the clear zone of GO ethanol extract also increased dependently. This led the antimicrobial activity of gram positive bacteria to take bigger place than gram negative bacteria especially in Listeria monocytogenes. There was a high antimicrobial activity in E-III treatment where the ratio of the ginger powder extract to ethanol extraction was 1:6. It was quite effective to treat the antimicrobial activity of GO ethanol extract under 80oC and there was not big difference in the intervals which were the extraction time - 1 to 7 hours. The antimicrobial activity of supercritical fluid extract seemed to take the biggest place in Listeria monocytogenes. From the supercritical fluid extract, it was shown the strong ability of antimicrobial activity in the condition with 100 bar 35oC, 250 bar 35oC and 250 bar 65oC. Furthermore, according to the case of solvent extract, there was not any significant difference in the antimicrobial activity with condition of extraction. However, there was significant antimicrobial activity in E-III treatment of 100 bar and 500 bar of extraction pressure, and 35oC and 65oC of extraction temperature.

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수 성 신품종 육성을 위하여 단경 대립인 ‘Satonoka’와 소분지 내병 단경인 ‘밀양16호’를 인공교배하여 육성한 ‘아미’의 주 요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. ‘아미’는 신풍 초형으로 개 화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 직립 소분지성이다. ‘아미’ 는 ‘팔광’ 땅콩에 비해 주당협수, 성숙협비율, 협당립수 등이 높으며 100립중이 84 g인 대립품종이며, 도복은 비교적 강한 특성을 나타내며 그물무늬병, 흑반병은 비슷한 정도이다. ‘아 미’는 단백질이 26.2%, 기름함량이 50.5%이고 양질지방산중 올레산(60.5%)이 리놀산(23.6%) 보다 훨씬 더 높아 기름의 산화안정성이 양호한 특성을 가진다. ‘아미’는 3년간 지역적 응시험 결과 풋땅콩 수량이 전국평균 10.10 ton/ha로서 ‘팔 광’ 땅콩에 비하여 9% 증수되었다. ‘아미’는 대립종이므로 적 기에 파종하고, 충분한 성숙을 위하여 성숙기 병해 방제에 유 의해야 하며 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다(품종등록 번호: 제5260호).

Anthocyanin has antioxidant and radical-scavenging effects which may protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. A new peanut variety “Heuksaeng”(Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) with dark purple peanut skin was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, NICS, in Milyang in 2014. This variety was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Iksan 31” with short stem and erect plant type and “Iksan35” with large grain and purple skin. “Heuksaeng” which is semi erect Virginia plant type has 32cm of main stem length and 25 branch number per plant. This also show more resistant to late leaf spot, web blotch and lodging, compared with check variety “Daekwang”. Each pod has two grains with ellipse shape of purple testa and its yield components is composed of 60 mature pods of per plant, 69g of 100-seed weight, 77% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). For 3 year regional yield trials the average kernel yield of “Heuksaeng” had 4.25 MT/ha similar to that of check variety. Its seed quality show 26.9% of crude protein and 46.0% of crude oil and 53.4% of oleate in fatty acid composition. Peanut skin of variety “Heuksang” consist of 2 kind of anthocyanin compounds such as 4.67mg/100g of delpinidine-3-glucoside (D3G) and 1.18mg/100g of cyanidine-3-glucoside(C3G). Peanut variety with high anthocyanin conent in skin will be useful to the recent preference of colorful food with healthful functional compounds.

Peanut is grown worldwide in the tropics and temperate zones primarily as an oilseed crop (38-54%) and protein source(25-30%). A new peanut variety “Daan”(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) with the high yield potential was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, NICS, in Milyang in 2014. This was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Sangpyeong” with short stem and high quality and “Dakwang” with large grain. “Daan” which is Shinpung plant type has 44cm of main stem length and 13 branch number per plant. Each pod has two grains with long ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 34 mature pods of per plant, 127g of 100-seed weight, 75% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). Seed quality showed 47.8% of crude oil and 28.3% of protein content. This variety also showed more resistant to early leaf spot, late leaf spot, web blotch, stem rot and lodging compared with check variety “Daekwang”. In the regional yield trials “Daan” outyielded check variety by 16% with 5.00 MT/ha for kernel yield.

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수 성 신품종 육성을 위하여 직립 대립 다수성인 '수원108호'과 조숙 단경인 '밀양4호'를 인공교배하여 육성한 ‘보름1호’의 주 요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. ‘보름1호’는 신풍 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 직립 소분지성이다. 보름 1호는 팔광땅콩에 비해 협당립수, 100립중 등이 높으며 100 립중이 105 g인 대립품종이며, 도복은 비교적 강한 특성을 나 타내며 갈반병, 그물무늬병, 흑반병은 비슷한 정도이다. 보름1 호는 단백질이 29.8%, 기름함량이 49.9%이고 양질지방산중 올레산(54.5%)이 리놀산(28%) 보다 더 높아 산화안정성이 양호한 특성을 가진다. ‘보름1호’는 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 풋땅콩 수량이 전국평균 10.16 ton/ha로서 ‘팔광’땅콩에 비하 여 8% 증수되었다. ‘보름1호’는 대립종이므로 적기에 파종하 고, 충분한 성숙을 위하여 성숙기 병해 방제에 유의해야 하며 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품 종이다(등록번호: 제 4522호).

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 단경 대립 다수 성 신품종 육성을 위하여 대립 고품질인 ‘팔광’과 단경 소분 지 자원인 ‘중국수집종-1’을 인공교배하여 육성한 ‘상안’의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. ‘상안’은 신풍 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 단경 소분지성이다. ‘상 안’은 주당 성숙협수는 40개이며 ‘대광’ 땅콩에 비해 협실비 율, 성숙립중비율, 100립중등 양호한 성숙특성을 보이며 100 립중이 96 g인 대립품종이고, 갈반병, 흑반병에 비교적 강하 고 그물무늬병과 흰비단병은 다소 발병이 되고 있으며 도복 도 비교적 강한 특성을 나타낸다. ‘상안’은 단백질이 29.1%, 기름함량이 48.5%이고 지방산은 올레산과 리놀산의 비율이 같은 특성을 가지고 있다. ‘상안’은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 전국평균 4.87 ton로서 대광땅콩에 비하여 15% 증수되었다. ‘상안’은 경장이 짧고 신풍형으로 병해에도 비교적 강한 편이 나 충분한 성숙을 위하여 경기북부와 강원도, 산간 고냉지를 제 외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다(등록번호 제 4717호).

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 직립 대립인 ‘YG60’과 조숙 단경인 ‘YG55’를 인공교배하여 ‘Jaseon’육성하였다. ‘자선’은 신풍초형으로 초기 개화가 많고 잎이 농녹색이며 지상부 생장습성은 직립 소분지성이다. 주당 협수는 35개로서 팔광땅콩에 비해 2개 적으나 풋협중이 무겁고, 상품협비율(93%)이 높고, 100립중이 98 g인 대립품종이다. 생육후기까지 도복에 비교적 강한 특성을 나타내며 흑반병, 그물무늬병, 흰비단병에 비교적 강하다. ‘자선’의 조단백 함량이 26.3%, 조지방 함량이 43.2%이고 양질지방산인 올레산과 리놀산을 78.6% 함유하고 있다. ‘자선’은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 전국평균 풋땅콩수량이 10.21 ton/ha로서 팔광땅콩에 비하여 15% 증수하였고 건조 종실중은 4.37 ton/ha로서 11% 증수하였다. ‘자선’은 대립종이므로 적기에 파종하고, 충분한 성숙을 위하여 성숙기병해 방제에 유의해야 하며 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다.

High oleate oil enhance flavors and shelf life and decrease coronary heart disease mortality. A new peanut(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) variety “K-Ol(Milyang56)” with high oleic acid of fatty acid composition was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Milyang in 2013. This variety was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Baekseon” with large grain and erect plant type and “F435-5” with high oleate and runner type. “K-Ol” which is Shinpung plant type has 43cm of main stem length and 10 branch number per plant. This also show more resistant to late leaf spot, web blotch and stem rot, compared with check variety “Daekwang”. Each pod has two grains with short ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 46 mature pods of per plant, 74g of 100-seed weight, 76% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). For 3 year regional yield trials the average yield of “K-Ol” had 4.45 MT/ha for kernel similar to that of check variety. Seed quality show 50.7% of crude oil and 82.9% of oleic acid. The oil acidification of “K-Ol” measured by acid value(P-A value) variation for 3 hours at 180 ℃ showed one-ninth as low as ‘Daekwang’ do. This variety is expected to develop new demand area such as the improvement of cardiovascular disorders and shelf-life, and import substitution of olive oil.

A new peanut(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) variety “Hwaseon(Milyang50)” with the high yield potential was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Milyang in 2013. This was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Iksan 31” with large grain and high quality and “SP9614” with short stem. “Hwaseon” which is Shinpung plant type has 41cm of main stem length and 10 branch number per plant. Each pod has two grains with long ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 45 mature pods of per plant, 84g of 100-seed weight, 79% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). Seed quality showed 47.3% of crude oil and 27.6% of protein content. This variety also showed more resistant to early leaf spot, and stem rot, compared with check variety “Daekwang”. In the regional yield trials “Hwaseon” outyielded check variety by 12% with 4.78 MT/ha for kernel.

A new peanut(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) variety “Danwon(Milyang51)” with short stem length and lodging resistance was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Miryang in 2013. This variety was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “YG 75” with large grain and fewer branch number and “SP9617” with short stem length. “Danwon” which is Shinpung plant type has 32cm of main stem length and 13 branch number per plant. Each pod has two grains with long ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 40 mature pods of per plant, 91g of 100-seed weight, 77% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). Seed quality show 48.7% of crude oil and 26.9% of protein content. “Danwon” has resistance to lodging in even double dense planting without yield reduction. This is more resistant to early and late leaf spot, web blotch and stem rot, compared with check variety “Daekwang”. In the regional yield trials “Danwon” outyielded check variety by 6% with 4.52 MT/ha for kernel.

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 단경 대립 다수 성 신품종 육성을 위하여 대립 다수성인 ‘남광’과 ‘U2-12-6’ 의 교잡계통과 단경 품종인 ‘사도노카’를 인공교배하여 육성 한 ‘연풍’의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. ‘연풍’은 버 지니아 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 단경다분지성이다. ‘연풍’은 ‘대광’에 비해 성숙협수, 협실비율, 100협립수, 100립중등 양호한 수량구성요소를 보이며 100립 중이 88 g인 대립품종이고, 도복은 매우 강한 특성을 나타내 며 흑반병, 그물무늬병에 비교적 강하고 낙엽율도 낮아 생육 후기까지 녹엽 유지에 유리하였다. ‘연풍’은 단백질이 31.9%, 기름함량이 49.8%이고 지방산은 올레산과 리놀산의 비율이 같은 특성을 가지고 있다. ‘연풍’은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 ‘대광’에 비하여 전국 평균 4.81 ton로서 15% 증수되었다. ‘연풍’은 경장이 짧고 병해에도 강한 편이나 충분한 성숙을 위하여 경기북부와 강원도, 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다.

Korean peanut yield by new varieties has marvelously increased since first variety with 1.09 MT/ha was developed in 1960. This means 77.58kg/ha yield increment every year from 1960 to 2012. A new peanut variety “Sinpalkwang”(Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) showed the highest grain yield, 5.40 MT/ha, of Korean varieties was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Milyang in 2012. This was developed from the cross between cultivar “Palkwang“ and crossing line from cultivar “Palkwang” and “PI156649”. “Sinpalkwang” which is Virginia plant type has 41cm of main stem length and 25 branch number per plant. 45 pod number per plant, 79% of shelling ratio and 92g of 100-grain weight in the regional yield trials(RYT) greatly contributed to increase the yield potential of this variety. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and ellipse shape. Seed quality showed 45.4% of crude oil and 29.2% of protein content. This variety also showed more resistant to web blotch and stem rot, compared with check variety, Daekwang. In the regional yield trials “Sinpalkwang” outyielded check variety by 28% with 5.40 MT/ha for kernel.

Recently, fresh peanut eaten after boil is popular to korean consumer owing to its sweet taste. A new vegetable peanut variety “Ami”(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata.) was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Milyang in 2012. It was developed from the cross between the short stem cultivar “Satonoka” and the large grain cultivar “Milyang 16”. “Ami” which is Shipung plant type has 50cm main stem length and 10 branch number per plant. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long-ellipse shape and dried 100-seed weight was 84g in the regional yield trials(RYT). The Sucrose and tannin content of fresh peanut are 24.9mg/g and 4.9mg/g, respectively. Functional compound content was 3944㎍/g of Luteolin in peanut shell, This variety also showed more resistant to stem rot and lodging, compared with check variety, Palkwang. In the regional yield trials “Ami” was outyielded than check variety by 9% with 10.10MT/ha for fresh pod and by 14% with 4.51MT/ha for dried kernel.

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 단경 박피 다수성인 ‘팔광’과 직립다수성 ‘유데라카’를 인공교배하여 ‘일평’을 육성하였다. ‘일평’은 버지니아 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 단경 다분지성이다. ‘일평’은 ‘대광땅콩’에 비해 성숙협수,협실비율, 100협립수 등 양호한 등숙특성을 보이며 100립중이 85 g인 대립품종이다. ‘일평’의 도복은 매우 강한 특성을나타내며 흑반병, 그물무늬병에 비교적 강하고 낙엽율도 낮아 생육후기까지 녹엽 유지에 유리하였다. ‘일평’은 단백질이27.6%, 기름함량이 49.5%이고 지방산은 올레산과 리놀산이비슷한 비율로 나타났다. ‘일평’을 3년간 지역적응시험 결과‘대광땅콩’에 비하여 전국평균 4.47 ton로서 8% 증수되었다.‘일평’은 경장이 짧고 병해에도 강한 편이나 충분한 성숙을위하여 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이높은 품종이다.

To determine the characteristics of four different sweet pumpkins (Minimam, Bojjang, Ajikuroi and Kurijiman), juices were made from these varieties. The carotenoids in the flesh were 1.5∼2 times higher than those in the skin and were highest in the flesh of the Minimam pumpkin among all the pumpkin varieties studied. The vitamin A contents were higher in the skin than in the flesh, and Minimam had the highest vitamin A content (2,016.57 IU/100 g) while Kurijiman had the lowest (998.83 IU/100 g). The vitamin C contents varied from 43.21 to 82.35 mg%, but there were no significant differences between the flesh and the skin. That of Kurijiman was the highest among the varieties studied. The major mineral of these varieties was potassium, which was highest in the flesh of Ajikuroi, followed by phosphorus. The antioxidant activities of the sweet pumpkin water extracts were higher in the skin than in the flesh. The EC50 of the Minimam skin was the highest (4.01 mg/mL), and that of the Ajikuroi flesh was the lowest. The sweet pumpkin juice yields were 69.5∼89.4%, with significant differences shown according to the variety. That of the peeled Ajikuroi's flesh was the highest. The pH was 7.17∼7.83, and the unpeeled sweet pumpkin's pH was higher than that of the peeled sweet pumpkin. The Brix degree was 12.5∼16.6 °Brix, with that of the unpeeled Bojjang being the highest(16.1 °Brix) and that of the unpeeled Ajikuroi the lowest (12.7 °Brix). The sweet pumpkin beverage made with pressed juice was adjusted by pH 3.5 with citric acid, and the Brix degree was maintained at the 12 °Brix with sugar. The adjusted beverage, which was the peeled pumpkin flesh juice, had suspension stability for a short time. The sweet pumpkin beverage had a certain flovor and a slimy mouthfeel. Bojjang and Kurijiman were evaluated as the best in the terms of taste and color, but the peeled Minimam and Bojjang showed the best results overall.

A new peanut variety “Sangan”(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) showed the highest yielding of Korean varieties was developed at the Department of Functional Crop, NICS, in Milyang in 2011. This was developed from the crossing line between cultivar “Palkwang” with high quality and “local collection” with short stem. “Sangan” which is Shinpung plant type has 44cm of main stem length and 10 branch number per plant. Each pod has two grains with long ellipse shape of brown testa and yield components is composed of 40 mature pods of per plant, 96g of 100-seed weight, 79% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials(RYT). Seed quality showed 48.5% of crude oil and 29.1% of protein content. This variety also showed more resistant to early leaf spot and web blotch, compared with check variety, Daekwang. In the regional yield trials “Sangan” outyielded check variety by 15% with 4.87 MT/ha for kernel.