This study was conducted to investigate the biomedicinal worth of different parts of Geranium sibiricum Antioxidant, anti-inflammatoty and anticancer activities of methanolic extracts of root and shoot of Geranium sibiricum were determined. Methanolic extracts of root and shoot parts of Geranium sibiricum had antioxidant activity in the range of 40-50 jlg mL·1, and shoot extract was best in this regard. Likewise, anti-inflammatory activities of extracts was in the range of 60-100 jlg mL-1 and root extract of Geranium sibiricum seemed more useful with 87.38% higher anti-inflammatory activity than shoot with 63.63% activity. Regarding cytotoxicty test against two cancer cell line i.e. SK-Hep1 (liver) and HeLa (uterus), the methanolic extracts of shoot and root of Geranium sibiricum showed the highest toxicity with IC50 values of 10-30 jlg mL-1 and root extract proved more beneficial in this regard. In conclusion, methanolic extract of shoot of Geranium sibiricum had higher antioxidant while root extract had higher anti-inflammatoty and anticancer activities.

Various types of tea are consumed as a popular beverage worldwide particularly in Asian countries such as Korea, China, and Japan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mineral contents, antioxidant properties and anticancer activity of Yak-Sun tea that is prepared by six oriental medicinal herbs. The results of the mineral contents were as follows; Ca, Mg, and Na contents were higher than those of green tea, whereas Fe, P, and K contents were lower than those of green tea. The total phenolics and flavonoid content of the Yak-Sun tea were higher than those of green and black teas. The IC₅₀ values of DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging of Yak-Sun tea were 0.78, 1.58, and 2.04 ㎎/㎖, respectively, whereas the radical scavenging values of α-tocopherol was 0.06, 0.05, and 0.09 ㎎/㎖, respectively. When cancer cells were treated with Yak-Sun tea, the anticancer activity increased in a dose dependent manner. HCT116 colon cancer cell lines were dramatically increased, as compared to other cancer cell lines, such as MCF-7, H460, and MKN45 cell lines. The results of this study demonstrated that Yak-Sun tea could function as a tea to enhance health conditions for antioxidant and anticancer activity.

This study was carried out to investigate anticancer activities fruiting body extracts and fractions of Cordyceps militaris. Fruiting body of this mushroom was extracted using by 80% MeOH. Fractionations of these extracts were performed by n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-BuOH. AGS(human gastric cancer line) was cultured in media conditions (10% FBS, 1% Penicillin-Streptomycin in RPMI). Anticancer activities of each fractions of Cordyceps militaris were examined by using MTT, Cell titer Glo.

Grifola frondosa has been used as an herbal medicine for the treatment of cancer, diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure. In this study, functional polysaccharide was obtained from Grifola frondosa using four different extraction methods: hot water(HwFP), homogenize(HgFP), acid(AcFP), and alkali(AlFP) extraction methods. The effects of these extracts on KB and HepG2 cell lines were then examined for any anti-cancer activity. Alkaline extraction produced a yield of 0.175% and the total sugar content of the extract was 54.97%. We were able to confirm that the polysaccharide extracts from the mushroom produce an anti-cancer effect. The cytotoxicity of AlFP and AcFP against HepG2 cells were 22.86% and 28.88%, respectively, and the cytotoxicity of AlFP against the KB cell lines was 47.76% at a concentration of 1, 000 ㎍/㎖. Therefore, these results suggest that the optimum method for extracting functional polysaccharides from G. frondosa is the alkali extraction method.

가래나무(J. mandchurica), 구지뽕나무(C. tricuspidata), 감태나무(L. glauca)는 최근 항암효과가 있다고 보고되고 있는 수목자원이다. 한방에서는 가래나무 수피를 말린 것을 추목피라하며, 소염성 수렴과 해열, 눈을 맑게 하는 등의 효능이 있어 장염, 이질, 설사, 눈이 충혈하고 붓는 통증 등에 처방하고 있으며, 주요성분으로 naphthoquinones, naphthalenyl glucosides, α-tertalonyl glucopyranosides, diarylheptanoyl glucopyranosides, flavonoids 등의 페놀성화합물들이 보고되었다. 구지뽕나무는 한방에서 자양, 강장의 효능이 있으며, 신체허약증, 정력 감퇴, 불면증, 시력감퇴 등에 효과가 크며, 부인병 치료와 항암치료에도 처방되고 있다. 구지뽕나무의 주요 성분으로 근피에서 새로운 iso-prenylated xanthone 화합물인 cudraxanthone A, B, C, D, H, I, J 및 K 그리고 isoprenylated flavone 화합물인 cudraflavone A, B cycloartocarpesin, populnin, quercimetrin 등이 알려졌으며, 목부에서는 β-sitosterol glucoside, arthocarpesin, norarthoca-rpetin, 5-O-methyl genistein 등이 분리되어졌다. flavonoid, morin, kaempherol-7-giucoside, poupulnin, stachydrine, proline, glutamicaoid, arginine, asparaginic acid 등의 화합물들이 보고되었다. 또한, 감태나무는 한방에서 열매를 산호초라 하며, 염증을 삭히며 통증을 없애는 효능이 있어, 풍습성 관절염이나 신경통, 손발이 저린 곳, 관절통과 근육통, 배가 차갑고 아픈 곳, 여성의 산후통과 뼈가 허약한 곳이나 허리와 무릎이 아픈 곳에 처방하고 있다. 감태나무의 주요 성분으로 지방유, 정유, cineol, caryophyllene bornylacttate, camphene pinene, limonene등의 화합물들이 보고되었다. 본 연구는 항암효과가 알려진 가래나무, 구지뽕나무, 감태나무를 느타리버섯의 새로운 톱밥배지자원으로서 활용하여 이들 자원의 함유성분이 담자균류인 느타리버섯에 의해 분해되거나 다른 유도체화합물로 이행되는지를 검토하였다. 3종의 수목자원의 톱밥배지에서 재배한 느타리버섯과 공시재료를 80% 메탄올로 추출하여 조추출물을 조제하고 이를 액체배지에 첨가하여 생육한 느타리버섯 균사체를 HPLC분석 시료로 사용하였다. HPLC를 이용하여 공시재료들의 함유성분들의 크로마토그래피 패턴을 비교 분석한 결과, 가래나무, 구지뽕나무, 감태나무 톱밥배지에서 생육한 느타리버섯은 각각의 수목자원 톱밥배지속의 함유성분을 분해 또는 다른 유도체화합물로 이행시키지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 수목자원 추출물을 첨가하여 액상배지에서도 느타리버섯 균사체가 이들 추출물의 성분을 분해 또는 다른 유도체화합물로의 이행은 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 이들 추출물은 느타리버섯 균사체의 생육에 영향을 주어 느타리버섯 균사체의 2차대사산물의 생성 및 억제를 하고 있음을 나타냈다.

꿀풀과 허브의 부위별 메탄올 추출물에 대한 항산화, 항암, tyrosinase 저해활성을 검정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량을 검정한 결과, lemon balm의 leaves 추출물에서 629.48±0.90 mg GAE/g DW로 가장 높은 폴리페놀 함량을 확인하였고, rosemary의 whole 추출물에서 22.45±0.81 mg CE/g DW 로 가장 높은 플라보노이드 함량을 나타내었다. Rosemary(whole) 추출물은 항산화 활성이21.78±0.68 μg/ml로 대조구인 ascorbic acid(66.49±0.56 μg/ml)보다 3배 정도 강한 활성을 나타내었다. Sage의 whole로부터 얻은 메탄올 추출물은 암세포에 세포독성을 가지고 있었으며, 치은섬유아세포에서는 독성이 거의 없는 것을 확인할 수있었다. Tyrosinase 저해활성을 검정한 결과, sage의 whole (56.23±0.21 μg/ml)과 root(63.36±0.69 μg/ml)로부터 얻은 추출물은 대조구인 arbutin(69.56±0.15 μg/ml)보다 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이에 이들 식물들에 대해 추출용매 및 추출온도 등추출조건에 따른 최적 추출효율을 검토하고, in vivo 실험을 통해 생리활성 능력을 검정하는 등 보다 정밀한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

This study is focused on the synthesis of urea and amide derivatives particularly, since the amide moiety is an essential binding group at the binding site. Urea derivatives 3-7 and 13-14 were obtained by reaction of 2-aminopyrimidines and other amines with diverse isocyanates in pyridine as a solvent under reflux. The urea derivatives were obtained in low yield because of the highly electron deficient nature of the amino group of the 2-aminopyrimidine. Amide derivatives 8-10 were obtained in moderate yields by reaction of compound 1 with aryl chloride derivatives. Also, arylamine 11 was synthesized by Buchwald-Hartwig amination in moderate yields. Most of the compound did not show good activity against A375P melanoma cells, compared with Sorafenib as control compound.

MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium) assay were used to analyze anticancer activities from herbal plants. This study was conducted to inhibit the human lung cancer(A549) cell line in vitro. The 1C50 value of cytotoxicity showed range of 127.83-2018 .1 9μg/m~. Especially Coriander( 127.83μg/mR} and Catnip(140.68μg/me.) showed more stronger activity than other plants, respectively.

2-Chlorobenzoyl hydrazine refluxed with benzoyl isothiocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate in ethanol for 3 hours to give benzamide derivative (1) and anilinederivative (2) on yield of 71%and 95%, respectively. Benzamide derivative (1) reacted with ethanolic sodium hydroxide on reflux to afford cyclization product (3), followed by general substitution reaction of two steps to give acetamide (5), and derivatived acetamides 7a-7k, while aniline derivative (2) reacted with ethanolic sodium hydroxide on reflux to afford another cyclization product (4). Thiol (4) reacted with N-phenyl chloroacetamide in the presence of potassim carbonate to give acetamide derivative (6). Compounds 1-7kwere evaluated for their growth inhibition against five cancer cell lines, including human lung carcinoma (A-549), human prostate cancer (DU145), human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), human malignant melanoma (SK-MEL-2) and human ovary malignant ascites (SK-OV-3) with sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. All compounds (1-7k) showed low inhibition activities under 50% on 100M concentration.

This study was conducted to test the anticancer effect of photodynamic therapy using chlorophyll derivative (9-HpbD-a) and 632nm diode laser. Human SNU 1041 cells were seeded into 96 well plate of 104cells/well and cultured for 24 hours. Cells were washed with media containing various concentration of 9-HpbD-a ranging from Oug/ml to 3.75ug/ml. Then 932 nm diode laser was given at various lasering time setting, and at various starting time after ini tial 24 hours of culture. The treated cells were incubated 48 hours and tetrazolium-based colorimetric(M'IT) assay was done to measure the viability of cells For in vivo study, SNU- 1041 cells were xenografted into the back of nude mouse. When the xenografted tumors grew up to 400-600 mm3, the animals were randomly placed into 4 groups: Group 1 (n=20) , PDT group, interstitial injection of 9-HpbD- a (47 ug/kg) followed by irradiation with 3.2 J/c야 of light 6 hours after then i띠 ection; Group II (n=lO) , irradiation with 3.2 J/crrf of light using diode laser; Group III (n=lO), in terstitial injection of 9-HpbD- a only(47 ug/kg); Group IV (n=lO), normal control group. The viability of cells was de creased with increasing lasering time No significant difference of cell viability was noted by variously delayed starting time of lasering. PDT effects were observed in the xenografted nude mouse model Group IV (no 9-HpbD-a, no laser irradiation) was a control group which showed a continuous tumor growth. Group III (9-HpbD-a i띠 ection only) showed no response, Group II (laser irradiation only) sho￦ed 1 complete remission out of 10 (10%) , Group 1 (9-HpbD-a and laser irradiation) showed 13 cpmplete remission out of 20 (65%) , Group 1 showed significant remission rate, comparing to other groups (p<0.05). This study demonstrated anticancer effect of photodynamic therapy using 9-HpbD-a and 632nm diode laser on human squamous cell carcinoma cell line.

In this study, we were performed to elucidate the antioxidant and anticancer activity by leaves extracts from Acer tegmentosum (AT-L). In DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, the AT-L revealed the high scavenging activity. Especially, the AT-L measured the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity, which is higher than ascorbic acid. The types of human cancer cells for evaluating the anticancer activity were colorectal cancer (SW480), prostate cancer (PC-3), breast cancer (MCF-7), pancreatic cancer (AsPC-1), lung cancer (A549) and liver cancer (HepG2). Human cancer cell viability was measured using MTT assay. Treatment of the AT-L decreased the cell viability and induced apoptosis in SW480 cells. These results suggest that extracts of the AT-L can be used as supplementary material for developing the natural antioxidant and anticancer drug for human cancer cells.

Suaeda japonica is a halophytic plant that lives in mudflat at intertidal zone of western and southern coastal areas of Korea. The seawater-living plants showed a purple color during their whole life. In contrast, freshwater-living plants displayed a green color in leaves. When seawater-living plants were transferred to potting soil, the purple color was gradually changed to green in the leaves. The extracted purple pigment compound exhibited typical characteristics of betacyanin that were represented by water solubility, pH- and temperature-dependent color changes, sensitivity to light, UV-Vis spectra, and gel electrophoretic migration pattern. The LC-MS analysis of the extracted pigment compound showed the presence of two major protonated molecular ions ([M+H]+) at m/z 651.1 and m/z 827.1. Antioxidant activity of the pigment compound was determined using stable free radical DPPH assay. It was found to have an antioxidant activity that is linearly increased in proportion to the reaction time for up to 30 min, and the activity was comparable to that of control BHA at 9.0 ㎎/㎖. The anticancer activity against several tumor cell lines was also examined following the MTT assay. The significant growth inhibitory effect was observed on two tumor cell lines, SW-156 (human kidney carcinoma) and HEC-1B (human endometrial adenocarcinoma). Probably, the pigment compound may function as an osmolyte to uphold halotolerant physiological processes in saline environment.