Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] protein is a high quality source for food and feed. But, antinutritional factors in the raw mature soybean are exist. Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) protein of mature soybean seed is a main antinutritional factor in soybean seed. The Le gene controls a lectin protein and Ti gene controls the KTI protein in soybean. Ti locus has been located on molecular linkage group A2 (chromosome 8) of soybean. The y9 type found in T135 is yellow at emergence, becoming greenish-yellow by maturity. Although this type is considered chlorophyll-deficient, it is fairly vigorous in growth. The objective of this research was to exam an agronomic traits of y9ti genotype selected from the breeding line. The seeds of y9ti genotype were planted in the field. Traits of maturity date, seed weight, and seed coat color were checked.

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed is one of the major food sources for protein, oil, carbohydrates, isoflavones, and many other nutrients to humans and animals. Trans-resveratrol produced by plants is a polyphenol phytoalexin and displays a wide range of biological effects like as anti-cancer activities, cardio- protective properties, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, neuroprotective, antidiabetic and phytoestrogenic properties. Content of trans-resveratrol in soybean seed may depend on genotype and environment. Genotype with high trans-resveratrol content is valuable in breeding project. One hundred eighty three soybean genotypes were cultivated in the field. After harvesting, trans-resveratrol content was analyzed. Content (ug/g) of trans-resveratrol was from 0.199 to 5.447. Thirty genotypes with high trans-resveratrol content were selected.

Foxglove aphid, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach), is a Hemipteran insect that infected a wide variety of plants worldwide and caused serious yield losses in crops. The objective of this study was to identify the putative QTL for foxglove aphid resistance in wild soybean, PI 366121, (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.). One hundred and forty one F2-derived F8 recombinant inbred lines developed from a cross of susceptible Williams 82 and resistant PI 366121, were used. The phenotyping of antibiosis and antixenosis was done through choice and no-choice assays with total plant damage (TPD) and primary infestation leaf damage (PLD); a genome-wide molecular linkage map was constructed with 504 single nucleotide polymorphism markers utilizing a GoldenGate assay. Using inclusive composite interval mapping analysis for foxglove aphid resistance, one major candidate QTL on chromosome 7 and 3 minor QTL regions on chromosome 3, 6 and 18 were identified. The major QTL on chromosome 7 showed both antixenosis and antibiosis resistance responses. However, the minor QTLs showed only antixenosis resistance response. The major QTL mapped to a different chromosome than the previously identified foxglove aphid resistance QTL, Raso1, from the cultivar Adams. Also, the responses to the Korea biotype foxglove aphid were different for Raso1, and the gene from PI 366121 against the Korea biotype foxglove aphid were different. Thus the foxglove aphid resistance gene from PI 366121 was determined to be an independent gene to Raso1 and designated to Raso2. This result could be useful in breeding for new foxglove aphid resistant soybean cultivars.

Shoot-fresh-weight (SFW) is one of the parameters, used to estimate the total plant biomass yield in soybean. Understanding the genetic and molecular basis of SFW could help increase the total biomass production. In this particular study, we identified QTLs associated with SFW in a Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) population derived from interspecific cross of PI483463 and Hutcheson. A total of 551 (535 SNP and 16 SSR) markers, were found to be polymorphic between the parental lines and were used to screen the RILs to develop the genetic map. Linkage analysis and QTL mapping were performed using with the software QTL IciMapping version 4.0, with the minimum LOD score of 3.0 and estimating the likelihood of a QTL and its corresponding effects at every 1cM. QTLs with LOD value > threshold LOD, as determined by 1000 permutation tests at p > 0.05 were considered as significant QTLs. The analysis identified a total of 5 QTLs associated with shoot fresh weight over two environments, with the phenotypic variation (PV) ranging from 6.34 to 21.32%, and the additive effect from -0.54 to 0.33. Among these QTLs, qFW1314_19_1 had the largest LOD scores, with PV of 21.32%. Interestingly, three QTLs, qFW2013_19_1, qFW2014_19_1, and qFW1314_19_1 identified on chromosome 19(L), showed negative additive effects, indicating the contribution from the wild parent PI483463. The QTLs identified in this study can be the targets to identify the candidate genes for the SFW and can help in developing cultivars with increased biomass potential.

Foxglove aphid, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach), is a Hemipteran insect that infected a wide variety of plants worldwide and caused serious yield losses in crops. The foxglove aphid resistance gene, Raso2 was previously mapped from PI 366121 (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.) to a 26cM marker interval on soybean chromosome 7. The development of additional genetic markers, which are mapped closer to Raso2 were required to accurately position the gene to improve the effectiveness of marker assisted selection. The objective of this study was to narrow down the putative QTL region, which is responsible to foxglove aphid resistance in PI366121 using recently developed high-density 180K Axiom SoyaSNP genotyping array. One hundred and forty one F8-derived F12 recombinant inbred lines developed from a cross of susceptible Williams 82 and resistant PI 366121, were used to generate a fine map of Raso2 interval. The phenotyping of antibiosis and antixenosis was done through choice and no-choice assays with total plant damage (TPD) and primary infestation leaf damage (PLD). The composite interval mapping analysis showed that the physical interval between two flanking makers, which was corresponding to Raso2, was narrowed down to 500kb on the Williams 82 genome assembly (Glyma2.0), instead of 4Mb in the previous report using Goldengate assay. In the Raso2 interval, there are about 60 candidate genes, including 4 of NBS-containing putative R genes. This result could be useful in breeding for new foxglove aphid resistant soybean cultivars.

Seed weight (SW), often expressed as 100-seed weight (HSW), is an important yield component in soybean and has been found to show positive correlation with seed yield. It is shown to behave as a quantitative trait controlled by many loci that are largely unclear. In this study, we represent the identification of chromosomal regions controlling the seed weight in soybean. We used a Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) population, consisting of 188 lines derived from a cross of a wild soybean PI483463 (HSW: 0.85g) and a cultivated soybean cultivar Hutcheson (HSW: 14.05g) to identify the chromosomal regions controlling the SW trait. The population, along with parental samples and check, William82 (HSW: 21.2g) was grown for four years and phenotype data was recorded postharvest. A total of 535 SNP and 16 SSR markers, polymorphic between the parents were employed to genotype the RILs using Golden gate assay to develop the linkage map. Whole genome QTL scanning identified a total of 17 QTLs, spanning 10 chromosomes for the 100-seed weight. All these QTLs explained phenotypic variation (PV) in the range of 3.77 to 12.33%. Of the 17 QTLs, 2 QTLs qSWA1-1 and qSWD2-1, found to be the consistent QTLs, expressing in all the four environments. The QTL qSWD2-1 explained highest contribution to the total PV with 10.04 -12.23 %. The remaining 15 QTLs were identified in at least one environment with PV ranging up to 10.39%. The findings from this study will provide useful information to understand the genetic and molecular basis of SW and facilitate further genomic research leading to the yield improvements in soybean.

The depletion of stratospheric ozone has resulted in increased amount of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B: 280-320 nm) reaching the Earth’s surface and could cause significant biological effect in plants. In this study, putative quantitative trait loci (QTL), which is responsible to UV-B resistance in soybean, was identified using recently developed high-density 180K Axiom SoyaSNP genotyping array. A population of 115 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between susceptible Keunolkong and resistant Iksan 10 was analyzed. A total 8,970 polymorphic SNP markers were used to construct linkage map. The both parents and RILs were grown with supplemental UV-B radiation in a greenhouse condition. Three categories of UV-B induced morphological damage, degree of leaf chlorosis, leaf shape change, and total plant damage were evaluated. Using composite interval mapping analysis, one major QTL associated with all of the phenotypic traits was detected on 7.7cM of soybean chromosome 7 with 22 of LOD score accounting for about 60% of phenotypic variance. Also, the allele from Iksan 10 were responsible for the UV-B resistance. Thus, the UV-B resistance QTL on chromosome 7 from Iksan 10 was designated to qUVBR1, corresponding to 30kb on the Williams 82 genome assembly (Glyma2.0) including 7 candidate genes. This result could be useful in breeding for new foxglove aphid resistant soybean cultivars. In addition, these results provided useful information not only for marker-assisted selection for UV-B resistance soybean, but also for the future identification of putative candidate genes, responsible for UV-B resistance in soybean.

본 연구과제의 목적은 1) 양질 다수성 콩 기술 이전, 2) 양질 다수성 콩 품종 출원, 3) 고밀도 유전자지도 작성을 통한 다수성관련 QTL 동정 및 다수성 형질 연관 마커 개발, 4) 콩 품종 판별 마커 개발, 5) 기능성 콩 가공식품 개발이다. 이를 위해 당해연도는 양질 다수성 콩 품종 육성을 위한 생산력 검정 및 지역적응성 검정을 실시하고 초다수성 우량 계통 육성을 위해 1단계 사업에서 선발된 우량 계통들을 지속적으로 세대진전하고자 한다. 특히 다수성관련 형질연관 QTL 동정을 위해 길육69 x SS0404-T5-76 RIL 집단(400계통)을 육성하였고 이 집단을 이용한 고밀도 유전자지도 작성하고자 한다. 먼저 모부본 염기서열 변이 탐색 및 RIL들의 다수성 형질 표현형을 조사할 것이다. 한편, 품종보호 및 종자순도 관리에 있어서 중요한 분자 마커 개발을 위해 주요품종들에 대한 SSR 마커 분석을 실시하였다. 당해연도에는 1단계 사업에서 개발된 ‘CJ행복한1호’ 콩 품종 육성을 위한 채종포를 제주도와 괴산 등지에 조성하며 두부 장류용 우량 계통 SS408-T5-99 에 대한 제품 생산 가능성 분석하고 장류발효과정 중 아이소플라본의 성분 변화를 분석할 것이다.

저온건조한 늦가을에 제조되는 한국식전통장류와는 달리 우즈베키스탄에서 한식장류는 보통 건조하고 높은 기온의 여름에 제조된다. 우즈베키스탄 시중 고려인에 의해 만들어진 된장 9종을 수집하여 품질특성을 분석하고자 protease활성, amylase활성, 아미노태 질소 함량, 환원당 함량 및 일반세균수를 조사하였다. 그 결과, 일반 세균 수는 7.24~8.79 Log CFU/g 범위의 값을 타나 내었다. Protease활성의 경우 3.98.28~832.57 unit/g 범위로 다양한 값을 나타내었고, CON에 비해 우즈베키스탄 시판 장류가 높은 protease활성을 나타내었다. Amylase 활성은 C(10.82 unit/g)를 제외한 나머지 장류가 CON에 비해 높은 활성도를 보였다. 그중에서도 UK-SP I(47.98 unit/g) 장류가 유의적으로 가장 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 아미노태 질소 함량을 측정한 결과 protease의 활성이 높았던 시료 B(832.57 unit/g), D(807.81 unit/g), H(630.67 unit/g) 에서는 아미노태 질소 함량 또한 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 환원당 함량을 측정한 결과 0.95~3.43%/g 의 범위를 나타냈으며, D와 E가 3.39%/g 와 3.43%/g의 함량을 보여 환원당 함량이 가장 높게 측정되었다. 결론적으로, 우즈베키스탄 장류는 저온저습의 늦은 가을에 제조되는 한국의 장과 매우 다른 환경인 고온저습에서 자연발효로 제조되었음에도 불구하고, 비교적 한국식 장과 매우 유사한 품질특성을 가졌다. 한국에서 유래되어 고려인에 의해 계승되고 있는 장류의 미생물학적 관점 및 식문화적인 관점의 연구가 지속적으로 이루어 져야 되겠다.

Next generation sequencing technologies provide opportunities to reveal the genetic variants and differentially expressedgenes. The genetic variants are closely relevance to understanding of genes and phenotypic differences related to agronomic characteristics among cultivars. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq using two Korean soybean accessions, including Daewon and Hwangkeum, by using next generation sequencing against Williams 82 genome as reference. A number of variants such assingle nucleotide variants (SNV), multiple nucleotide variants (MNV), insertion/deletion (InDel) and replacement, was 34,411 and 55,544 in Daewon and Hwangkeum, respectively. Among these variants, 9,611 nonsynonymous variants were detected within 4,290 genes in Daewon and 13,225 non-synonymous variants were located on 5,672 genes in Hwangkeum. The distribution of nonsynonymous variants and expression values of genes can serve as invaluable resource for genotyping and study of traits within genes for soybean improvements.

The β-carotene biofortified transgenic soybean was developed recently through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using the recombinant PAC (Phytoene synthase-2A-Carotene desaturase) gene in Korean soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Kwangan). GM crops prior to use as food or release into the environment required risk assessments to environment and human health in Korea. Generally, transgenic plants containing a copy of T-DNA were used for stable expression of desirable trait gene in risk assessments. Also, information about integration site of T-DNA can be used to test the hypothesis that the inserted DNA does not trigger production of unintended transgenic proteins, or disrupt plant genes, which may cause the transgenic crop to be harmful. As these reasons, we selected four transgenic soybean lines expressing carotenoid biosynthesis genes with a copy of T-DNA by using Southern blot analysis, and analyzed the integration sites of their T-DNA by using flanking sequence analysis. The results showed that, T-DNA of three transgenic soybean lines (7-1-1-1, 9-1-2, 10-10-1) was inserted within intergenic region of the soybean chromosome, while T-DNA of a transgenic soybean line (10-19-1) located exon region of chromosome 13. This data of integration site and flanking sequences is useful for the biosafety assessment and for the identification of the β-carotene biofortified transgenic soybean.

본 연구는 대두 부산물인 순물과 침지수가 고지방 식이에 의 해 비만이 유도된 마우스의 지방 제거에 미치는 영향을 조사하 였다. 침지수가 포함된 일반 사료를 섭이한 실험군의 체중 및 간 과 부고환 지방 조직 내 지방 축적은 현저히 적은 것으로 나타났 으며, 복부 내 내장 지방과 피하지방도 크게 발달하지 않은 것으 로 나타나 침지수는 체내 축적된 지방량을 효과적으로 감소시 키는 것으로 조사되었다. 침지수 식이군의 혈중 AST와 ALT의 활성은 대조군 수준으로 유지되었으며, 콜레스테롤 함량과 중 성 지질 농도가 감소되는 것으로 나타나 침지수가 고지방 식이 로 인한 혈중 효소 활성과 지질농도를 개선하는 것으로 조사되 었다. 특히 침지수는 metabolic sensor 단백질인 AMPK와 ACC 의 인산화를 촉진시켜 체내 지방산 산화에 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 침지수는 복부 내 피하지방과 내장지방의 축 적을 억제하는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 대두 부산물 중 침지 수는 비만이 유도된 마우스의 혈중 지질 함량을 개선할 뿐만 아 니라 체내 조직의 지방 축적을 완화시키거나 제거하는 데 효과 적일 것으로 사료된다.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of pre-germination soaking on germination in 90 Korean soybean varieties and identification of protein in seeds of 7 soybean varieties. The results obtained that germination rate of soybean seeds was decreased as amount of soaking water and soaking duration in number of days. Difference in germination rate of soybean seeds was significant at three days soaking with water volume of 90 ml. Water absorption of seeds was rapidly increased during the first 6 hours, followed by slow increase until 24 hours and then decreased 24 to 48 hours after soaking soybean varieties for bean sprout soaked the lowest amount of water, while soybean varieties for cooking with rice showed the lowest seed water content. Dissolved oxygen (DO) in soaking water was rapidly decreased during the first 3 hours after soaking, and then slowly decreased. Soybean varieties for vegetable and early maturity showed the lowest DO during early soaking periods, but showed higher DO after 24 hours than other groups of soybean varieties. Electrical conductivity and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) were increased as number of soaking days increased. Soybean varieties for vegetable and early maturity showed the highest electrical conductivity and TDS, followed by those for sauce and paste or cooking with rice, while showed the lowest electrical conductivity and TDS, varieties for bean sprout. Among 90 Korean soybean varieties, varieties which showed the highest germination rate were Jangsu-kong for sauce and paste, Sobaegnamul-kong for bean sprout, Seonheuk-kong for cooking with rice, Seunnokkong for vegetable and early maturity. On the ather hand varieties which showed the lowest germination rate were Iksan and Songhak-kong for sauce and paste, Pangsa-kong for bean sprout, Jinyeul-kong for cooking with rice, Sinlok-kong for vegetable and early maturity. Germination rates of soybean seeds were higher when electrical conductivity, TDS and water absorption of seeds were lower. There were negative correlations between electrical conductivity, TDS and water absorption of seeds and germination rate, while there were positive correlations among electrical conductivity, TDS and soybean seed weight.

Soybean is very useful crop to supply vegetable protein for human. However, cultivation arear of this economically important crop is gradually diminished in upland field. Hence, cultivation area of soybean is increased in paddy field. During the growth duration of soybean, excessive moisture injury is serious problem for sustainable production and supply. We investigated protein expression according to different period of seed soaking and germination after seed soaking. For comparison on expression of protein according to different condition, we performed two-dimensional electrophoresis. After electrophoresis analysis, we selected differentially expressed protein spots according to different condition such as soaking period and germination after soaking to identify protein function by using MALDI-TOF. Results revealed that pattern of expression of protein according to soaking period and germination after soaking were generally not different in major spots. However, degree of expression of protein in some protein spots was increased in accordance with decrease of soaking period. Especially, in Hwangkeum-Kong, Danyeop-Kon, and Pecking, the degree of expression of protein was remarkably increased for 4 days after soaking. But, according to germination after soaking, degree of expression of protein in germinated seeds of all cultivars was higher than un-germinated seeds. In results of MALDI-TOF analysis, specific proteins were identified by different soaking period such as Allergen Gly m Bd 28K, P24 oleosin isoform B. Also, in accordance with germination, degree of protein expression of the related protein, Gibberellin was increased in un-germinated seeds of Iksan-Kong. In ungerminated seeds of Sinpaldal-kong, proteins were identified as down-regulated by soaking such as ATP binding and Inhibitor II', proteinase.

Soybean is very useful crop to supply vegetable protein for human. Supply of soybean is increased because it has useful ingredient. Recently, cultivation of soybean in paddy field is increasing due to the increase of rice stockpile in Korea. Hence, in this study, expression of protein was identified regarding different environment for cultivation to investigate the effect of different environment on protein expression. Two-dimensional electrophoresis was performed to investigate the expression of protein using image analysis program to measure degree of protein expression in numerical value. Hannam-kong, Beakcheon-Kong, Hwangkeum-Kong, and Danwon-Kong were used as plant material. 2-DE combined with image analysis revealed that each degree of protein expression of Hannam-Kong and Hwangkeum-Kong in upland field was higher than degree of protein expression in paddy field. However, in case of Beackcheon-Kong, the phenomenon was opposite. In Danwon-kong, the degree of protein expression was not different between up-land field and paddy field. To this end, major protein spots were not different between paddy field and upland field among all cultivars. It could be suggested that protein expression is not severely different by various environment, but different environment affects degree of protein expression.

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is crucial legume crop as source of high quality vegetable protein and oil, and Korea is regarded as a part of center of soybean origin. To expand the information of conserved genetic diversity, we analyzed the genetic variability of soybean collection mainly introduced Korean accessions using 75 microsatellite markers. A total of 1,503 alleles with an average value of 20.0 alleles were detected among 644 accessions. Korean collection revealed average allele number of 13.4 while Chinese, Japanese and Southeast Asian accessions showed 9.0, 5.4 and 6.5 mean alleles, respectively. Especially, Korean accessions showed more number of private allele per locus as 3.4 contrary to other geographical groups. The mean expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content was 0.654 and 0.616, respectively, and expected heterozygosity values were not significantly distinguished according to the geographical groups. The phylogenetic dendrogram and deduced population structure based on DNA profiles of 75 SSR loci showed Korean accessions formed distinct gene pool against Chinese accessions, and could be divided into five subpopulations. Korean soybean accessions have specific genetic diversity and might be serve the valuable alleles for bio-industry as a part of the center of soybean origin.

본 연구는 장류용 콩 품종의 논 재배 시 만파에 따른 생 육 및 수량성 변이를 검토하기 위하여 경남 밀양에서 2012 년부터 2013년에 걸쳐 수행하였다. 이용된 품종은 대원콩, 남풍, 대풍, 새단백, 선유, 우람, 천상, 태광 등의 중만생종 품종과 참올, 황금올의 조생종 품종이었으며 6월 20일, 7월 5일, 7월 20일 세 차례에 걸쳐 파종하였다. 연구결과를 요 약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 경장은 중만생종에서 만파할수록 대체로 감소하였으며 조생종에서는 유의한 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 7월 20 일 파종 시 분지수는 태광, 대풍, 선유, 참올 등에서 많 이 발생하였고 마디수는 우람, 천상에서 가장 많았다. 2. 대부분 품종에서 6월 20일 파종 시에 가장 많은 협수 를 기록하였으나 대풍, 우람, 천상은 7월 5일 파종 시 에 오히려 협수가 많았다. 3. 만파 시 백립중은 적기 파종과 비교하였을 때 감소하 였으며 수량은 적기 파종과 만파 시 모두 대풍, 태광, 우람 순으로 가장 높았다. 4. 만파에 따른 수량감소율은 남풍이 9.6%로 가장 낮아 만파적응성이 가장 높은 품종인 것으로 보인다. 5. 파종기에서 개화기까지의 기간은 파종기가 늦춰지더 라도 비교적 일정하였으나 개화기에서 성숙기까지는 만파할수록 크게 단축되었다. 중만생종 중 선유, 조생 종 중 황금올은 등숙기간의 단축이 가장 적어 만파에 따른 영향을 가장 적게 받는 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구는 한국 콩의 물 소모량에 대한 수분이용효율 산정을 위하여, 한국에서 육성된 우량품종 29개와 미국의 대표적인 내한발 품종인 PI416937을 대상으로 토양수분함량 조건을 대조구(최대 포장용수량의 50%)와, 한발처리구(최대 포장용수량의 25%)로 달리 하였을 때, 콩 30품종에 대한 처리 14일 후의 물 소모량, 건물중, 상대생장율을 이용하여 수분이용효율을 산정하였다. 콩 30 품종의 영양생장기 후반 기간 동안 요구되는 하루 당 콩 한 개체의 평균 물 소모량은 대조구에서는 183 mL/plant/day로, 한발처리구에서는 64 mL/plant/day이었으며, 콩 영양생장기간 중 포장용수량 25%의 한발 시, 콩이 가용할 수 있는 토양수분량은 포장용수량 50% 대비 약 63%가 감소하였으며, 30개 품종의 평균 건물생산량이 약 37% 감소하였다. 콩 30품종의 물 소모량은 한발처리 후 건물중과 고도의 정의 상관을 보였으며, 상대생장율과 수분이용효율과는 한발처리구에서만 약한 상관성을 보였다. 콩 30품종의 상대생장율과 수분이용효율은 대조구와 한발처리구 모두에서 고도의 정의 상관을 보여, 상대생장율이 높은 품종이 수분이용효율이 높으며, 수분이용효율이 높은 품종이 상대생장율이 높은 콩의 수분특성을 제시하였다. 30개 품종의 평균 수분이용효율은 대조구에서 2.1 g/L를, 한발처리구에서 2.9 g/L를 보여, 한발 시 콩의 수분이용효율이 향상되었음을 제시하였다. 한발처리구에서 수분이용효율이 PI416937(3.5 g/L)보다 높은 한국 콩 품종은 대풍콩(3.8 g/L), 단백콩(4.0 g/L), 금강콩(3.8 g/L)이었다.

본 연구는 농업유전자원센터에 보존 되어있는 콩 유전자원 중 한국 재래종 자원 880점을 대상으로 농업적 특성을 조사하고, 분자마커를 이용하여 유전적 다양성을 분석하였으며 결 과는 다음과 같다. 1. 개화일수는 51∼104일, 평균 74.4일이었으며 성숙일수는 28∼106일, 평균 72.2일이었고 생육일수는 101∼188일, 평균 146.6일이었다. 지역별 평균 개화일수는 강원지역이 69.5일로 가장 짧고, 제주지역이 77.9일로 가장 길었다. 또한 평균 생육일수는 강원지역이 평균 140.6일로 가장 짧고, 제주지역이 152.8일로 가장 긴 것으로 나타났다. 대조품종의 생육일수는 태광콩 133일, 대원콩 143일, 일품검정콩 129일, 풍산나물콩 146일과 비교하였을 때 중만생종인 태광콩보다 생육일수가 길어 우리나라 재래종에 만생종이 많음을 알 수 있었다. 2. 100립중의 범위는 4.3∼46.4 g이며, 평균 26.1 g이고, 립중별 분포는 대립종의 비율이 39.2%로 가장 많고, 중립종 30.8%, 극대립종 17.5%, 소립종 8.8%, 극소립종 3.8% 순으로 중립종 이상의 비율이 87.5%로 대부분이었다. 3. 종피색은 검정색의 비율이 52.4%로 가장 많았고, 황색 28.5% 순이었다. 지역별로는 경남지역 수집자원은 황색종피 비율이 높고, 제주지역은 황색, 녹색, 검정색의 비율이 유사하였으며, 경기지역은 녹색종피의 비율이 28.8%로 황색종피보다 많았다. 4. 검정콩 460점을 대상으로 자엽색 조사 결과 황색이 59.7%, 녹색이 40.1%이었다. 자엽색의 지역별 분포는 매우 커서 제주와 경남지역은 녹색 자엽비율이 각각 83.3%와 62.7%로 황색 자엽보다 월등히 많았으며, 전북과 전남지역의 녹색자엽 비율은 각각 5.7%와 13.8%로 극히 낮아 지역별 차이를 보였다. 5. 기초특성 평가 자원중 350점에 대해 7개의 SSR 마커를 이용하여 프로파일링한 결과 총 110개의 대립인자(allele)가 확인되었으며 각 유전자좌별로 대립인자수는 10개에서 26개 평균 15.7개였다. 유전적 다양성(PIC)은 0.711로 비교적 높았으며, 각 유전자좌별 allele의 수는 경북지역이 9.7로 가장 많고, 유전적 다양성은 제주가 0.693으로 가장 높았다.

전통발효식품으로부터 분리한 발효능이 우수한 미생물과 기능성이 밝혀진 농특산 향토자원을 활용한 새로운 기능성 장류를 개발하고자 하였다. 꾸지뽕 열매를 A. oryzae koji, Lactobacillus 6종 및 Bacillus 2종에 대하여 발효시킨 결과, B. licheniformis SCDB 1234 균주가 kaempferol 함량을 9.54μg/g에서 217.04μg/g을 약 22배 증강시켜 최종 발효균주로 선발되었다. 꾸지뽕 열매를 선발균주를 활용하여 발효한 발효물 20배 희석액의 DPPH 항산화 활성은 대조구인 BHA, BHT의 92~99 ppm 농도와 유사한 활성을 보였고, tyrosinase 저해 활성도 arbutin이나 kojic acid의 95 ppm과 90 ppm과 같은 높은 저해 활성을 보였다. 꾸지뽕 열매 발효물을 첨가한 된장을 개발하여 유기산, 유리당 및 유리 아미노산을 분석하였다. 전반적으로 꾸지뽕 열매 발효물을 첨가하지 않은 장류와 유의적인 차이점을 보이진 않았다. 꾸지뽕 열매 발효물과 개발한 된장의 pancreatic lipase 저해활성을 측정하였다. 발효물의 경우에는 발효전보다 발효후에 더 높은 80% 이상의 높은 저해능을 보여주었다. 개발한 된장은 숙성전 된장이 숙성후 된장에 비해 더 높은 저해능을 보여주었다. 항당뇨 효과로 AGI활성을 분석한 결과, 꾸지뽕 열매는 발효전보다 발효후에 활성이 높게 측정되었고, 꾸지뽕 열매 발효액 10%를 첨가한 숙성전 된장의 AGI활성은 84.89±0.08%, 숙성후 된장은 91.25±0.04%를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 꾸지뽕 열매의 발효물의 생리활성 및 항산화 활성은 발효를 통하여 상승함을 보여주었고, 새로운 건강기능성 식품 개발에 활용가능성이 높은 잠재적 소재임을 보여준다.