This study examines the formative characteristics of Fold architecture and how its properties are shown in the fashion of the modern work of Issey Miyake through analysis. In this research, the Fold classification criteria for analysis features that appeared in Issey Miyake fashion features were established through research literature on Fold architecture and leading research. Empirical data collection was conducted for Issey Miyake's work and collection by collecting photo materials, and design concepts and the results are analyzed in terms of features. Study ranges of Issey Miyake’s creative design development are Pleats Please, A-POC, 132.5 project, and collections from 2000 to 2014. The conclusion is as follows. First, design concepts presented in the Issey Miyake fashion features of Fold are Hybrid, topology, and uncertainty. Hybrid look for the meaning of fashion, which is the interaction between the wearer and garments. The concept of topology designs clothing, focusing on interrelationship of the body and clothing, and pays no attention to absolute size or the form of the clothing. The concept of uncertainty is an uncertain form that is infinitely expandable because all the elements have openness and uncertainty due to the determined incomplete state by the creator. Second, in the results presented in the Issey Miyake fashion features is the destruction of the boundary and diagram form. The destruction of the boundary is free from traditional clothing. The diagram form is a geometric form which does not create a Dart or Princess line.

The structural aesthetics of architecture are becoming an inspirational source for many fashion designers and have been reborn in structural fashion. This study planned to analyze the method of expression of structural aesthetics expressed in modern structural fashion design and the construction method to maximize such an effect on the basis of the construction characteristic of Santiago Calatrava as the representative architect of the structural aesthetic. According to the study, the structural aesthetics expressed in modern structural fashion design are as follows: 1) The symbolical formative aesthetic expressed by symbolical inference and analyzation; 2) the dynamic beauty of physic expressed by visual emphasis and dynamics; and 3) the asymmetric beauty of symmetry expressed by metastasis toward the boundary between balance and imbalance. In addition, to maximize structural aesthetics, we used repetition and a progressive technique based on rhythm, asymmetry, and incision-based variances, such as balance, polygon flux, and inference, and analyzation-based distortion as the structuring principle. The following expression methods for maximizing structural aesthetics were found: 1) symbolical and structural exaggeration of appearance; 2) detail technique expansion and material property diversification; and 3) the three-dimensional transformation of structure and shell expression. Structural fashion design was found to have maximized structural aesthetics by using such expression methods to secure artistic esthetics, destroy existing shapes and patterns, and create unique shapes.

Drago Galić (1907-1992) has been acknowledged as one of most important modern Croatia architects of the 20th century and noted for his controversial apartment buildings at 35-35a and 43-43a blocks on Vukovar Street in Zagreb, Croatia. Although the two housings were highly regarded as the best examples of the post-war housing design in Croatia, a plagiarism controversy arose due to its similar exterior looks to Le Corbusier’s Unité d'Habitation in Marseille in 1952. This research intends to comparatively analyze architectural features implemented on the works of apartment of Drago Galić and Le Corbusier's Unité d'Habitation. The analysis focuses on architectural characteristics categorized in three parts: unit plan, community space, and unit combinations. The site survey was carried out to yield more useful information for the analysis. During this process, written and photographic documentations are collected for the further interpretation. In addition, scale drawings are reconstructed for the in-depth analysis of the project.

This study aims to research the Kisho Kurokawa's architectural concepts and expressions that are comprised of various and complex theories system for Korean's globalization of architecture. Kurokawa's architectural concepts are composed by Metabolism, Metamorphosis and Symbiosis. And intermediate zone, ambiguity, multivalence are theories that work as media in changing process levels to three main concepts and these are used as media of Metamorphosis which embody Symbiosis. Metabolism include concepts of Metamorphosis and Symbiosis. Symbiosis is comprise of concepts of Metabolism and Metamorphosis, and is a ultimate goal of these three main concepts. Metamorphosis works as a medium in changing process levels from Metabolism to Symbiosis. The architectural expressions are embodied according to these main three concepts and theories of media in changing process levels. And these architectural expressions are analyzed by three elements as follows: form, material & color, structure & technique.

This study researched changes over time regarding the location and spatial characteristics of modern meteorological stations, and examined the characteristics of modern meteorological station construction using the location and spatial characteristics of the Busan Meteorological Station. First, meteorological stations were located in port areas, and then moved to high altitude areas for stable meteorological observation beginning in the transition phase. Here, office buildings and residences were joined, but were separated due to the increase in functions from the stabilization phase. Second, as for spatial composition, in the establishment phase, existing buildings were used, and the scale of newly constructed buildings differed according to time and area. However, after the Japan-Korea Annexation, with increased funds and increased observation equipment, floor plans subdivided by function started to appear. In the stabilization phase, space was subdivided with redundancy due to the increase in functions. In the wartime transition phase, ‘ㅡ’ shaped floor plans with redundancy became the norm. Meanwhile, the location of the maritime customs where the first meteorological observations took place after the opening of the ports, and the location and construction of the Busan Temporary Observatory built in the meteorological observation transition phase (1905) were investigated. Also, through the investigation of the Busan Meteorological Observatory, newly constructed before 1934, the location and spatial characteristics of modern era meteorological observatories were studied.

This study aims to find architectural characteristic of Nam-kwan-wang-myo as known as Nam-myo, Especially focusing on difference between before and after it’s reconstruction in 1899. Nam-kwan-wang-myo is a shrine for Kwan-woo who was warlord in ancient china. Belief of Kwan-Woo was introduced to Korea in Japanese invasion of 1592 and the shrine was built in 1598. Belief of Kwan-Woo diffused for the late Joseon. during the reign of Gojong, many people have faith in Kwan-Woo including the king. There was four Kwan-wang-myo around the Hanyang at that time. In 1899 a fire of unknown cause broke out at Nam-kwan-wang-myo, so the main buildings burned down. The king instructed reconstruction of the shrine even though there was in financial difficulties, it had done in the midst of a national crisis. The buildings almost restored as before. The buildings in the shrine has strong characteristics of Chinese architecture because it made by people of the Ming dynasty. Two side-by-side roofs, accumulated brick exterior are important architectural feature, but also all the buildings in the mail hall area Surrounded by the closed-connected fence is hard to find examples in Korea traditional architecture. And Nam-kwan-wang-myo just had maintained architectural characteristics including layout of buildings, shape of the each building until it’s reconstruction(1899).

This study aims to overview and review the infiltration of Japanese Buddhism and it's influences on the construction and architectural characteristics of Japanese Buddhist temple from the opening of ports to Independence Day of Korea. Infiltration of Japanese Buddhism had been sustained during 70 years from the foundation of Higashi Hongan-ji Temple(東本願寺) in Pusan, by Shinshu Otani School(真宗大谷派) which was one of Japanese Buddhism, to Independence Day of Korea. This study is to be promoted on the following subjects ; 1) the circumstance around the infiltration of Japanese Buddhism 2) Buddhism policy of Japanese Governor and infiltration on Korean Buddhism 3) increasing trend, distribution and construction of Japanese Buddhist temples near downtown areas 4) for the conclusion, case research on Bondang, Gori, and open space and analysis on the architecture style of Japanese Buddhist temples Accordingly, Korean Buddhism had been subordinated to Japanese Buddhism, and the management system and memorial service of Korean Buddhism had to be affected by Japanese Buddhism. This study is considered meaningful for the elementary research to examine the aspects of Japanese style on Korean Buddhist architecture at that time.

Nakseonjae in Changdeokgung Palace was established at The King Hunjong’s 13rd year (1847), the mid-19th century. It was constructed for own rests of King Hunjong and the residence of Kyungbin (king’s concubines), and is showing features of upper-class houses from several points such as rustic architectural types by getting out of authoritative aspects as king’s shelter space within the palace, block and floor distribution that separated spaces for men and women, simplicity in structures and styles, and non-colorful painting etc. This study aims at tracing on which architectural types did the upper-class houses within Hanyang (modern Seoul) at late Joseon Dynasty have and what was characteristics of Nakseonjae. The resemblance between Nakseonjae and the upper-class houses was very little differences from scale aspects, and floor plan shapes of Anchae (women’s quarters) and Sarangchae (men’s quarters) were followed basic common styles. Also, resemblance could be confirmed in the structural styles too. Characteristics of Nakseonjae are showing apparent differences from clearance compositions such as hall configuration etc. Nakseonjae was king’s dwelling place, and spaces for house’s collateral functions such as kitchen, stable, and warehouse etc together with shrine were unnecessary, and such places were substituted into servants’ quarters for assisting the Royal family. In detailed structural styles, column’s size was larger 3cm or more than the upper-class houses, and its height was higher to the degree of 30~60cm. Besides, formality as king’s shelter space was raised more in decorating aspects, and Nakseonjae was implemented by getting architectural influences from Qing Dynasty of China. This study induced features of Hanyang’s upper-class houses at the 19th century by supplementing distribution and space configurations at existing cases of Seoul and Gyeonggi area together with house diagrams having been collected by Gaokdohyung (site and floor plan) of Jangseogak Library, and confirmed resemblances and differences with Nakseonjae, that is, features of Nakseonjae. Through the result, this study judges a fact that architecture of Nakseonjae seemed to be affected from conveniences of upper-class houses within Hanseong, and also architectural styles and distribution types of Nakseonje would give influences to the upper-class houses.

The building for the Sutra appeared as the Sutra-belief became popular in the early years of the Koryo Dynasty. According to the written documents, there were two types of apparatus to keep sutras, one by fixing the cabinet to the wall and the other by rotating the cabinet at the center of the hall. There are no remains. Recently, at the excavation of the site of the Yeongguk Temple (寧國寺) in the Chungcheong Prevince (영동군), a building which was presumed as the Sutra Hall was recovered at the side of the Main Hall. At the center of the building, of 6meters width and 6meters depth, there was a large stone which had a round trace which was presumed to supporting the rotating sutra-case cabinet. By examining the concerned situations, this building was concluded as the Sutra Hall of the temple. The Yeongguk Temple had a close relationship with the royal household. Budddhist monk Gwangji, son of the 16th King Yejong was lived at the Temple. the tomb of King's advisory priest Wongak was also erected at the Temple. Two monks were well known as the defender of the Sutra. The Sutra Hall of the Yeongguk Temple regarded as a significant example which showed us how the archtectural aspect of the Sutra Hall was shaped in the Koryo Dynasty. It could be said that revealing the architectural aspect of the Stura Hall will help revealing the Buddhist architecture of the Koryo Dynsty which is veiled in many field.

This study primarily aims to illuminate the characteristics of Meoreum in Korean traditional fitting system according to the respective types and its periodical changes. Using the research findings as a chronological indicator by which to estimate the construction date of the building is the secondary purpose. In this study 42 of Byeoldang and pavilion architecture remaining in Yeongnam district were examined through the field surveys and methods of documentary research. The research results are as follows. First, Meoreum, which is located below the windows or doors, provides protection against the outer wind and has the function to prevent some warm air of the room from flowing outside. Second, Meoreum was recorded as Yoeum(了音), Woneum(遠音), and Maleum(末音) in Yeong-geon-ui-gwe (營建儀軌) of Joseon period. While Yoeum(了 音) was used in Yeong-geon-ui-gwe (營建儀軌) of 1776 and 1856, Woneum(遠音) had been also used continuously since the year of 1800. The word, Maleum(末音) can be seen in Lim-won-gyeong-je-ji (林園經濟志), published in 1827. Woneum(遠音) and Maleum(末音) seem to be the Yi-du(吏讀) types of expression of Meoreum which is being extensively used now. Third, the kinds of Meoreum can be classified as TohMeoreum, TongMeoreum, TongpanMeoreum, and J janeunMeoreum. TongMeoreum and TohMeoreum were mostly used at the front part of Ondol-rooms, the backside of main floor called Daechung(大廳), and at the space between Daechung and rooms in the Pavilions and Byeoldangs(Annexes) that had been built in the early Joseon dynasty. TohMeoreum was usually used at the bottom parts of windows between Daechung and Ondol-rooms. TongpanMeoreum was mainly used in the mid-Joseon period and relatively high height was the distinctive feature of Meoreum at that time. J janeun Meoreum, used mainly in the late Joseon dynasty, has become lower and lower gradually in height since 19th century, so people could enter the room through the windows(fittings). Such changes in Meoreums types has brought about the flow of human traffic directly from Toenmaru, narrow wooden porch running along the outside of a room to Ondol-rooms.

This study was to analyze the architectural characteristics and facade construction of brick masonry auditorium through the Auditorium of Namsan Primary School in 1936. The results of this study were described separately as follows. 1. The auditorium is located away from the school buildings, and its plane is a chamber of rectangle type with an entrance installed on each of the four sides. 2. The external appearance is Renaissance eclectic style, laid red bricks on the lower wall of the window and having a mansard roof. The front and the rear are symmetric with respect to the projected wall at the center. 3. As to the structure of the building, a concrete lower wall was built on the concrete continuous footing, and the brick wall was constructed on the lower wall. The roof is queen post roof truss, and the wall girders were installed on the brick wall. 4. The auditorium has had a number of repairing and maintenance works, which changed the roof and windows outside and the floor, walls, ceiling, etc. inside. 5. The decorative elements of external appearance include lower wall, brick wall, entrances, windows, roof, and dormer windows. The brick wall gives verticality and solidity to the surface of the wall, and the lower wall and wall girders are connected like a cornice of the wall. The surface of the mansard roof and dormer windows express a stable vertically oriented shape.

The relationships between fashion and architecture have been interactive. Since the fashion has had the role to decide the structure type of urban environment, it is becoming the new sign of space boundary. This study searches the social and cultural characteristics of Nomadism and the relationships among all kinds of changing objects. After then, the module system characteristics are meditated by analyzing the composition method of module system in architecture. Moreover, the study examines the aesthetic values in the fashion and body architecture from artistic aspect. Based on the above discussion, the followings are the characteristics of body architecture as the social structures expressed in modern fashion. The liquidity is the fluid form of dynamic structures. It shows the extended space form which produces the continuity. The transformation is the variable structure by module system and it forms the diversified structural combination. The movement combines the controlling function to be able to regulate and move freely the body related objects. The convergence is the text combination interpenetrated mutually in enlarged space. Through this, the non-linear continuity and the access of the individual factors are shown.

건축용 막재는 일반적으로 직포와 코팅으로 구성되며, PTFE 계열 막재는 유리섬유로 만들어진 직포에 테프론 코팅으로 구성된다. 일반적으로 PTFE 막재에 사용되는 직포에는 β-yarn이 주로 사용되며, β-yarn이 아닌 α-yarn이 사용된 막재도 점차적으로 사용되는 시점이다. 그러나 α-yarn으로 직조된 직포로 만들어진 건축용 막재의 특성에 관한 정보는 일반 막재에 비해 많이 부족한 편이다. 따라서 건축용 막재를 구성하는 직포를 만드는 원사의 굵기에 따른 막재의 역학적 특성에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 실험을 통하여 원사가 서로 다른 막재의 인장 특성을 비교 분석하고자 한다.

Keunsemal, Sinhang-ri, Dunpo-myeon Asan-si,Chungcheongnam-do is where the former President of Korea, Yun, Bosun was born. The houses of Yun, Il-Sun, Yun, Je-Hyung, Yun, Seung-Gu, and where the former President Yun was born are designated as cultural assets by the Korean government. The three houses of the Yuns are located in the center of the village and the size is much different from regular houses since they were created as large scale house of nobilities during the Chosun Dynasty. Along with the three Yun houses and other houses in the village show a great history and tradition of the history and modern times. Unlike other traditional village arrangement, this village was created during the end of Chosun Dynasty and extended into the modern times. From the village, you can see the changes in architecture within the 200 years from traditional Korean-style houses to modern houses. This investigation is a research / analysis of the architectural characteristics of Keunsemal, Sinhang-ri, Asan-si. People can observe changes in the different types of architectural forms of houses based on the history of Korea and time periods. Within the village, there are large scale house of nobilities which were built during the late Chosun Dynasty, common people’s houses, farmhouses which were built during the modern times, common people’s houses during the industrialization period, and modern houses with backyards. The village of Keunsemal, Sinhang-ri, Asan-si is a very special cultural asset for Korea because the houses in the village show a clear architectural process of change in styles of houses for Korean history.

Modular construction uses pre-fabricated volumetric units that are transported and installed on site as fitted-out and serviced 'building blocks'. The use of modular construction is directly influenced by the client's requirements for speed of construction, quality, reuse and benefits of economy. These benefits may be maximized under the condition that modules are almost manufactured in factory and transported to the site without any damages. In Korea, some damaged modules were reported on the process of transportation. This paper quantifies the vibration performances of modular units under transportation by analytical and experimental methods. Quantified vibration performances are reflected to the transportation guide of modular units.

지붕경사각에 따른 박공형 저층건축물의 외압계수 분포특징을 알아보기 위하여 풍동실험을 실시하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 서로 다른 경사각을 가지는 7개의 모형을 제작하였으며, 풍동실험은 금오공과대학교 소재 토출식 경계층 풍동에서 실시하였다. 경사각 변화에 따른 박공지붕형 저층건축물의 외압계수 분포특징을 알아보기 위하여 용마루 직각방향과 용마루 평행방향에 대하여 분석하였다.

Louis I. Kahn is cleary one of 20th century great architects. The character of his philosophy of architecture can be condensed as simple words; Architectural Essence, because the very nature of his work based on historicity is so fundamental. Some contemporary architects and architectural critics regard it as a symbol of Post-Modern Architecture era expressing relative multiplicity or an expression of Heideggerian existentialism, but others do as the attribute of fundamentalist like absolute Plato's Idea. Comparing the former, studies of the latter theme have been executed superficially and somewhat biasedly for last decades. In the context, this paper attempt to reanalyze Kahn's idea of ‘Architectural Essence’ with the deep view of Platonist focused on the concept of binary opposition and causality.