Korea has been striving for the development of the nation in various aspects. It will also have to make an effort for its continued development in the future. The problems of low-income groups that occur in those processes cannot be simply ignored now. It is needed to provide an equal opportunity to low-income groups so that they can be part of the society. The cycle of economic problem should be disconnected through this process. Farm-Housing is one of the solutions to this problem. Its purposes are not only to provide residence in the complex, but to gain income through various activities, such as production, distribution and consumption, and solve part of the economic problems of the people living in the Farm-Housing. To sell the products of Farm-Housing, the neighboring cities need to be designated as a hinterland. For this reason, Farm-Housing needs to be located in the suburban area of large cities. However, the current laws and policies make it difficult to construct Farm-Housing in suburban areas. Presenting plans to solve such problem is the purpose of this paper.

Housing system of MMORPG is value-gaining system introduced to maximize the accumulation of wealth and means of ownership that emerged in 2000 from the game named Ultima Online. Degree of application is determined by techincal elements and the skills of the player. MMORPG game is the one which accumulate the value, own and show-off. Players build house and inivite other players to show their influences, social standings and powers. Housing systems, but until now, there are several problems. Proper management such as protecting house or livestock raising is required while player leave the house for hunting or collecting resources. Like the real world's real estate, housing system require proper area to build the house and huge server to solve the process technically. In case of relocation, there could be several problems to resolute by applying theories of real estate and architecture. In this study, we proposed future housing system that complements a variety of problems of present housing system through customization of housing, the introduction of various applications and applying partner characters. Which will provide higher lever of entertainment while enjoying games. Future housing system should get out of existing uniform structure, develop with artistic value and eventually transform to higher and more diverse lever.

Because of the demographic and economic changes and the lifestyle diversification, the new housing types such as the Quasi-housing and urban small-size multi-unit housing are appeared in korea. The current housing use classifications are regulated in accordance with the housing divided ownership, horizontal and vertical size of housing, and the number of units. However, there is a limit to accommodate the new housing type. Therefore, this study proposed the direction of improvement of the housing use classifications through comparative analysis of foreign housing use classifications. Also, building regulations are applied according to the building use classifications. Therefore, the new housing types in building act are very urgent and important. So this study is derived the problems of the current housing use classifications and is proposed the improvement direction of it through the expert opinion survey.

최근 몇 년간 지속되어 온 전세가격 급등은 서민들의 주거안정에 큰 위협요인으로 작용하고 있다. 이른바 전세난 해결을 위해 주택 공급과 수급조절 측면의 대안은 근본적인 대안이 될 수 있으나 그 효과가 나타는 데에 일정 정도의 시간이 필요한 대책이다. 그러나 전세난은 이미 더 이상 방치할 수 없는 상황에 이르렀다. 따라서 서민들의 주거안정을 제고하고 전세난 및 전세 값 폭등을 방지, 완화하기 위해 주택임대차보호법을 시급히 개정하여야 한다. 개정될 주택임대차보호법의 내용은 첫째, 일정한 사유가 있는 경우를 제외하고 2년의 주택임대차기간 종료 후에도 최초 1회에 한해 임차인이 2년의 범위 내에서는 갱신청구권을 행사해 최장 4년 동안 임대차가 가능하도록 한다. 둘째, 임차료 상승률을 일정 범위 이내(5%)로 제한한다. 셋째, 이를 지키지 않을 경우 초과 지급된 차임 또는 보증금 상당금액의 반환을 청구할 수 있도록 한다. 최장 4년까지 임대차가 가능해지면 세입자들의 주거안정에 도움이 될 뿐만 아니라, 이주 수요가 분산되어 세난과 전세가격 폭등을 완화할 수 있다. 부가적으로 우리나라의 초ᆞ중ᆞ고 학제가 6년제, 3년제인 것에 비추어도 현행 주택임대차보호법상의 임대차 최장 보호기간(2년)은 비현실적이므로 개정이 필요하다.

Jean Renaudie was an French architect who designed many urban social housing in France, especially in the city of Ivry-sur-Seine, near Paris, with Renee Gailhoustet, co-responsible as the architect of this city, communist city from long time. He was formed as an architect by the influence of Auguste Perret and Marcel Lods, two french architects, great specialist of the structure of concrete. He formed the Atelier Montrouge with Pierre Riboulet, Gerard Thurnauer, Jean-Louis Verret, and proposed many innovative projects, based on geometrically pure forms and masses. After he joined Renee Gailhoustet, the architect of the City of Ivry-sur-Seine, as a co-responsible for the redevelopment of this ideologically communist city. His urban housing concept approached to take the function as a space to welcome the urban life of the resident, not to offer the physical provision of housing repeating the simple housing unity. He accentuated the social role of Housing project not only as the level of a personal home but also as that of an urbanism. He offered divers choice opportunity to the citizen by the urban functional complex through his efforts to make characteristic complex of urban housing, and by the consequence, the innovative result was done which ameliorated the quality of life for resident. This is an exceptional example, not only in France but even in whole over the world. But the maintenance of building against the oldness and the closing shop of inside commercial zone of Jeanne Hachette became a problem, not only that of physical amelioration but also that of spiritual conservation of the works of Jean Renaudie.

5MW급 풍력발전용 기어박스의 효율적인 구조해석과 근사모델을 생성하여 경량화를 위한 형상 최적설계를 수행하였다. 풍력발전용 기어박스의 구조는 기어 트레인, 축, 베어링, 하우징과 같이 복잡한 구성요소로 이루어져 있어 구조해석에 많은 요소 수를 요구하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 헬리컬 기어의 치강성 계수를 고려한 효과적인 기어박스의 구조해석 모델을 생성 하였다. 치강성 계수를 사용한 유성 기어열은 상대적으로 적은 요소 수와 해석시간으로도 전체 기어박스 시스템의 구조해 석과 형상 최적화를 가능케 한다. 치강성을 이용한 단순화된 해석모델과 근사모델을 적용하여 하우징 무게에 영향이 큰 부 위의 두께를 설계변수로 설정하여 케이스 최적설계안을 도출하였으며, 최적설계를 위해 사용된 근사모델의 신뢰성과 최적 기어박스 하우징 형상의 수치해석을 통해 타당성을 검증하였다.

The aim of this study is to identify the floor plan types of folk houses or traditional vernacular dwellings found in Nagan Folk Village located in Joellanamdo province. Examining the floor plans appeared among 36 vernacular folk houses presumably built in the 19th century in the village by means of the changes in the number of bays of Anche, the mail block of the house, the study was also able to construct a spatial compositional process of floor plan development. The floor plan examination revealed that the basic floor plan type in Nagan folk housing was 'ㅡ' shape, a typical southern dwelling based on the existing classification. This basic type is consisted of three bays or rooms: Jeongji (kitchen), Anbang (large room), and Jageunbang (small room). New spaces or rooms are added to this three room house to expand the house as the residential functions become more complex, such as more living and storage spaces. The expansion appears to have two direction. On the one hand, it has been taken place by inserting Marea, an open wooden floor living space between Anbang and Jageunbang to meet the extended living demand. On the other, Jeongjibang, a second kitchen/storage has been attached to Jeongji outward for extra cooking and storage. This two-way expansion shows the trend of symmetric expansion between cooking, storing space and dwelling space. It can be implied that the arrangement of house rooms has been structurally formulated and shared by the farmer-builders in the 19th century in Nagan village who appeared to be influenced by fixed images for housing.

민간업체의 기술개발의욕을 고취시킴으로써 국내 건설기술의 발전을 도모하고 국가 경쟁력을 제고하기 위하여 건설기술관리법에 의하여 건설신기술지정제도를 운영하고 있다. 해당 법에서는 신기술로 지정받은 기술에 대하여는 일정기간동안의 해당기술을 보호할 수 있도록 하고 있으며, 해당 기술의 사용자에게 기술사용료를 요구할 수 있도록 규정하고 있다. 이처럼 건설 신기술 지정제도는 특허제도와 유사한 형태로 기술을 보호, 활용할 수 있는 제도로 운영되고, 해당 기술의 설계 반영시에는 그 기술의 사용료를 일정 요율로 책정하여 운영토록하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 건설신기술 지정제도와 특허제도와의 차이점을 살펴보고, 표준 설정에서 활용되고 있는 RAND 조건과 전통적 경제학에서의 가격차별 유형을 고려하여, 건설신기술지정제도의 운영 취지에 맞는 운영 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

The most famous ethnic minorities in northeast China are manchu ,korean,and mongolian. Besides Xibo, daur, ewenki, olunchun, and hezhen nationalities are only living in northeast China.This paper is a comparison analysis of Ondol in Folk Housing of Several Peoples in Northeast China from the morphological characteristics and residential culture. Ultimately enable readers to realize heating tools in the cold region in northern China, and the relationship between peoples’daily life in northern China and Ondol.

중간처우시설은 사회로 나아갈 범죄자들에게 일시적으로 주거의 문제를 해결해 주고 사회 적응력 향상과 재범예방 프로그램을 제공하여 사회복귀라는 현대 교정행정의 목적을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 시스템이다. 우리나라에서도 이와 같은 점을 인식하여 법무부 교정본부에서 안양교도소 구외에 사회내 중간 처우제도라고 할 수 있는 중간처우시설(‘소망의 집’)을 최초로 설립하였으며, 이를 4개 지방교정청별로 확대 운영하고 있으며 그 수요는 더 증가할 전망이다. 그런데 중간처우시설에서 획일적인 프로그램만을 제한적인 대상에게 일괄적으로 적용한다면 이는 수용자의 필요에 부합하지 않을 뿐만 아니라 예산과 인력의 낭비라는 비판을 면하기 어려울 것이다. 이에 따라 이 연구에서는 중간처우시설의 설립 여부에 대한 이전의 논의를 벗어나서 중간처우시설에서 어떠한 유형의 프로그램이 누구를 대상으로 실시되어야 가장 효과적일 수 있는가, 즉 수용자의 필요와 특성에 부합하는 중간처우시설 프로그램을 운영하기 위한 방안을 모색 하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 미국과 캐나다에서 실시된 중간처우시설 프로그램 운영실태와 평가에 대한 경험적 연구를 통하여 시사점을 도출하고 이와 관련하여 수용자 선정을 위한 사정 도구의 개발, 프로그램의 다양화 및 개별화, 프로그램의 평가수단 개발 등의 방안을 제시하였다.

1992년부터 2007년까지의 실증분석 결과에 따른 우리나라 부동산시장 가격과 관련된 시사점으로서는 첫째, 미국과 달리 경기 침체시나 경기 회복 시에 뚜렷한 차이점을 발견할 수는 없었다는 점이다. 둘째, 전국아파트 매매가격이 상승할 경우 통화당국에서 인플레이션율 목표관리에서 참고하여야 할 것임을 나타내고 있다. 참고로 1986년부 터 2002년까지 미국 대도시지역의 아파트와 상가, 사무실의 순가격상승율을 패널데이 타로 추정한 자료에 따르면, 이들은 거시경제변수와 단기이자율, 이자율간의 스프레드 차이, 인플레이션 등에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 자산가격상승률은 경기상황과 반비례관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 대부분 대출 및 신용과 관련되어 있기 때문이다. 그리고 이는 부동산시장에서 자산 간 수익률 격차를 크게 넓힐 수 있음을 지적하고 있다.

According to the returns of Housing and business cycle over the period 1992 to 2007, it is a measure of the total volatility faced by investors in Housing properties. First, it isn't a distinct difference from business cycle contrary to U.S. Second, the rise of purchase price in total apartments moves up the consumer price index. According to the cross-sectional dispersion of returns and growth in net operating income (NOI) of apartments, industrial, retail and office properties using panel data for U.S. metropolitan areas over the period 1986 to 2002, it is a measure of the total volatility faced by investors in commercial real estate. To the extent that most of that volatility is difficult to diversify, cross-sectional dispersion may be an appropriate measure of risk.

This study examines the details and characteristics of prizewinning plans of Cho-Sun housing plan competition promoted by Daily Cho-Sun Company during Japanese colonial period. The main features of Cho-Sun housing plan competition were that the competition held with an application of popular newspaper readers and a judging committee was composed of only Korean architects, especially Park, Gil-Ryong as the president of the board of examiners. Cho-Sun housing plan competition put ideological factors for the improvement of living as like advancing to the cultured(modern) life, respecting for family life, respecting for privacy of family members and so on. First of all, the competition suggested the direction of the improvement of dwelling spaces which focused on making harmonious home life. This study found common characteristics of prizewinning plans of Cho-Sun housing plan competition as the result. First, Cho-Sun housing plan competition introduced a centralized house plan as a model of the improvement of small-sized houses. Second, architectural orders of western or japanese style mingled with ones of korean traditional style in prizewinning plans as entrance hall, western style reception room(parlour), maid's room, bathroom for example. And a manner of seating using chairs was brought into the style of living which would be assumed in the prizewinning plans. Third, traditional way of composing dwelling spaces was maintained, receiving the characteristics of dwelling spaces of japanese style simultaneously, which central corridor was put at the heart of house for improving arrangement of rooms and flow lines. Fourth, lavatory and bathroom were placed inside of the house.

This study is for analyzing a house and underfloor heating systems called gudle of Korean Chinese, Manchurian and Chinese that are located in the northeast China, which is north of Korean peninsula. Thus it has the similarity and difference among the form of gudle of each folks. The basic form of gudle in Manchurian area of China differs and falls into four categories: U-shaped kang, L-shaped kang, /-shaped kang and whole gudle(gudle that is composed of the whole place). In case of U-shaped kang, it is a basic form of Manchurian and designed for protecting cold weather in northeast area. U-shaped kang has a long space that can be heated so that it enables as many as family members to sleep. It has the advantage of making the best use of space. The form of Chinese is /-shaped kang. As Chinese has traditionally lifestyle of chair sitting culture, so it has the form of tonggudle, or a room equipped with gudle unlike yoegudle that a fire was made under a stone like goindoel and is suitable for lifestyle of chair sitting culture. As for the kang of Korean Chinese, it is called gudle and has the largest in width compared with that of Manchurian and Chinese. Also, the height of gudle is much lower than other houses by about 30~40cm because Korean Chinese have been living "floor sitting culture"on gudle, which means the tradition of removing one's shoes before entering and sitting on the floor, while other folks like Manchurian has lifestyle of "chair sitting culture". Therefore the study found out that the folk housing of each tribe in the northeast China has similarity and difference at the same time. In particular, the form and size of gudle(kang) varies depending on the way of life.

In architecture, constitutions of space are subjected to the structural material and interior finishing material. Interior environment can exert a great effect on people by means of space constitution. In this study the constitution of space was set to consider five materials: control, wood, steel, wire mesh, and concrete structural material. In this study, experiments with mice, were carried out on condition of each living environment with different living environment using control, wood, steel, wire mesh and concrete structural material. The experiments with mice were made by five-month-old mice(BALB/C) with about 15 grams weight. In order to evaluate the adaptability of the target mice, such variables as body weight, food consumption, and water consumption were monitored against living environment for normal BALB/C mice during the same period. The weight, total foods, and total water consumption were measured under the living environments for 55 days with 2~3 days intervals. To test five different living environments, i.e., control, wood, steel, wire mesh and concrete, 5 mice were allocated for each group. According to the results of this study, the case of wood living environment resulted in a gain in weight with statistical significance. The other side of steel, wire mesh and concrete showed a slight decrease for weight. The weight variation of the experimental mice was assumed under five different living environments that resulted from the stabilized environmental conditions such as the wood living environment.