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        검색결과 134

        101.
        2015.04 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        The aim of this study is to evaluate the environmental impacts of recovery of valuable metals from the desulfurizing spent catalyst. Molybdenum, vanadium and nickel widely used in the area of catalysis. But the demand of these metals is full filled by industries. Every year, more than 18,000 tons spent catalysts are discarded. In most countries, spent catalyst is classified as a harmful waste. Thus, metal recovery from spent catalyst has been processed. The recovery process of molybdenum, vanadium and nickel from spent catalyst was mainly carried out wet process. However, this process are not suitable for economics and environmental aspects. Because environmental costs for removal of sulfur in the spent catalyst is high and huge amount of industrial wastewater occurs. Thus, it is necessary to develop a process which is efficient and does not cause pollution than the wet process. Thus, we have studied life cycle assessment about the dry process for the recovery of valuable metals.
        102.
        2015.02 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        산업의 발달 및 도시화에 따라 도시에 인구밀도가 높아지고 교통수단이 증가됨에 따라 도로 교통 소음과 관련된 피해가 해마다 급증하고 있는 추세이다. 최근에는 도로와 인접한 인구 밀집 지역인 주거지역, 학교, 병원 등에서 각종 소음에 대한 문제가 지속적으로 발생되고 있는 것으로 조사되었으며 환경분쟁위원회의 발표에 따르면 2014년까지의 환경분쟁 중 약 80%가 소음관련 문제로 해결책이 시급함을 알 수 있다. 본 연구는 복층 저소음 아스팔트 콘크리트 포장의 소음 저감효과 및 경제성에 관한 포스터이다. 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 포장의 시공 전, 후의 5분 등가소음도 측정을 실시하여 일반 밀입도 아스팔트 콘크리트 포장을 시공하였을 때와 복층 저소음 아스팔트를 시공하였을 때의 도로교통 소음 저감량을 비교하였다. 측정된 5분 등가 소음은 소음 예측 프로그램의 변수로 사용하여 복층 저소음 아스팔트 콘크리트 포장을 실시한 지역의 아파트의 15층 전체에 대한 도로교통 소음을 예측 하여 경제성 분석의 기초자료로 사용하였다. 소음 예측 결과를 바탕으로 소음 편익 비용을 산정하였으며 복층 저소음 아스팔트 콘크리트 포장과 일반 밀입도 아스팔트 콘크리트 포장의 생애주기 비용을 비교 분석하였다.
        103.
        2015.02 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        현재 토사재해 방재시설은 법적으로「사방사업법」,「국토의 계획 및 이용에 관한 법률」에 의한 사방시설이 있으나 대부분 산지 대책 중심이고, 실제로 피해를 받는 도심지에는「시설물의 안전관리에 관한 특별법」에 의한 일부 2종시설물이 있으나 다양한 대책이 미흡하고 관리기관이 명확하지 않아 현실적으로 그마저도 제대로 관리가 되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 도심지 토사재해 방재시설에 대한 효율적 관리 및 장기간 사용을 도모하기 위해 도심지 토사재해 방재시설에 대한 생애주기별 업무프로세스를 정의하고 시설물 현황, 관리 이력, 문제점 등을 정량적, 통계적으로 파악하고 관리할 수 있는 항목을 설정하였다. 우선 토사재해 방재시설 현황분석을 통해 본 연구의 토사재해를 정의하였으며, 과거 피해지역의 토지이용 특성 분석을 통해 구분한 토사재해 공간적 범위를 적용하여 본 연구의 도심지 토사재해 방재시설을 정의 및 분류하였다. 또한 일반적인 생애주기단계를 토사재해 방재시설 측면에 적용하여 생애주기별 업무를 분석하고 도심지 토사재해 방재시설을 통합적으로 관리할 수 있는 생애주기별 관리항목 설정 및 관리방향, 업무프로세스를 도출하였다.
        104.
        2015.01 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        This study was initiated to examine the potential impacts on the environment during the management of food waste by anaerobic digestion in Daejeon Metropolitan City (DMC) that is built in 2017. The evaluation was based on both material flow analysis (MFA) and life cycle assessment (LCA). The MFA study was performed using STAN 2.5, while the LCA was conducted according to ISO standards by utilizing Total 4 LCA software with the incorporation of CML 2002 methodology. According to the LCA results, global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), and photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) were found to be approximately 166 kg CO2-eq/ton of food waste, 0.43 kg SO2-eq/ton of food waste, 0.66 kg PO4 3−eq/ton of food waste, and 0.08 kg C2H4-eq/ ton of food waste, respectively. The disposal stage showed higher impact of GWP on the environment due to the landfilling of solid sludge and screening waste. In case of eutrophication potential, the treatment phase showed the highest impact on the environment, mainly because of the consumption of electricity. Based on the results of normalization, the highest environmental impacts was found in the treatment stage related to eutrophication potential. The results of LCA would provide policy-makers to identify and reduce potential environmental impacts associated with food waste to biogas conversion in DMC by life cycle.
        105.
        2014.10 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        This study is necessity for waterproofing construction using a Life Cycle Cost(LCC). On the purpose of expanding the technology to build and optimize leakage prevention design reasonable selection of center performance evaluation system and possible economic evaluation system.
        106.
        2014.06 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) has been carried out to evaluate the environmental impacts of glass bottle recycle. The LCA consists of four stages such as Goal and Scope Definition, Life Cycle Inventory(LCI) Analysis, Life Cycle Impact Assessment(LCIA), and Interpretation. The LCI analysis showed that the major input materials were water, materials, sand, and crude oil, whereas the major output ones were wastewater, CO2, and non-hazardous wastes. The LCIA was conducted for the six impact categories including 'Abiotic Resource Depletion', 'Acidification', 'Eutrophication', 'Global Warming', 'Ozone Depletion', and 'Photochemical Oxidant Creation'. As for Abiotic Resource Depletion, Acidification, and Photochemical Oxidant Creation, Bunker fuel oil C and LNG were major effects. As for Eutrophication, electricity and Bunker fuel oil C were major effects. As for Global Warming, electricity and LNG were major effects. As for Ozone Depletion, plate glasses were major effects. Among the six categories, the biggest impact potential was found to be Global Warming as 97% of total, but the rest could be negligible.
        107.
        2014.06 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        In this study, the objectives are to provide rural experience tourism village business courses and development direction in between individual farmers and the village in base on rural development business of Hapjeon-village. The developmental process of a farm-stay village can be categorized into the period of six stages: 1) a conception stage 2) an adoption stage 3) a growth stage 4) an expansion stage 5) a stagnation stage 6) a recovery stage. Farm Stay Villages, Individual Farmhouses or Producer Groups can be placed in four different quadrant areas of a graph, depending on the pursuing direction and results of core values by having the X-axis for economic factors (public profits, individual profits) and by having the Y-axis for emotional factors (self-actualization, conflicts). The first quadrant area is designated for ideal individual farmhouses and producer groups for having achieved the status of economic self-reliant and high emotional satisfaction. The second quadrant is for ideal self-actualized communal villages having achieved the independent public interest and public profitable status. The third quadrant is reserved for villages experiencing communal conflicts and no economic self-reliant stagnant status. The fourth guardant area is allocated for individual farmhouses and producer groups having achieved self-reliant economic status, yet having communal conflicts. Using the aforementioned concept, the government shall design village development projects and prepare realistic and achievable goals and place them in as a systematic device in future projects.
        108.
        2013.04 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        A mass balance of process was calculated by using the analysis of basic unit and environmental assessment of all the processes of Busan fashion color industry cooperative that operates a combined heat and power plant and a bio treatment plant. The mass balance for the combined heat and power plant was done, based on boiler and water treatment processes while each unit reactor was used for the bio treatment plant. From the results above, a resource recycle network, a treatment flowchart for food waste water/wastewater treatment and a carbon reduction program were established.
        109.
        2013.03 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        For the purpose of evaluating the eco-efficiency(EE) on surplus heat generated from industrial process, techniques of life cycle assessment are adopted in this study. Because it can be indicated both environmental impacts and economic benefits, EE is well known as a useful tool for symbiosis network on the sustainable development of new projects and businesses. To evaluate environmental impacts, the categories were divided into two areas of resource depletion and global warming potential. It can be seen that environmental impact increased a little but much higher economic benefit on the company, environmental performance and economic value were improved on the apartment by the district heating, respectively. In result, eco-industrial park(EIP) project on surplus heat should be found sustainable new business because the EE was in the area of fully positively eco-efficiency and, moreover resource depletion was taken place than the reduction of greenhouse gas.
        110.
        2013.03 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        In this paper, an environmental assessment was carried out on the whole process of industrial business activities to establish a basic plan for climate change mitigation and energy independency. The whole process was divided into each discharge process in terms of water, air, solid waste, green house gases and refractory organic compounds. The flowcharts and basic unit of process were analysed for three years (2008-2010), being utilized as basic information for the life cycle assessment. It was found that the unit loading for the whole process significantly depends on changes in the operation rate change and highly concentrated wastewater inflow. About 35% of solid waste production was reduced by improving the incineration method with co-combustion in coal boiler, generating about 57% of electricity used for the whole process, and consequently reducing the energy costs. As the eco-efficiency index was found to be more than 1, compared to the previous years, it can be said that improvement in general has taken place.
        111.
        2012.11 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        In this study, a bridge maintenance system is developed to generate performance based maintenance strategy by considering the life cycle cost(LCC). And it is proposed that the concept of generally annual maintenance are practically and easily used to perform LCC analysis. Some of generally annual maintenance data are suggested through existing data analysis due to the proposed concept and LCC analysis of by a real bridge structures is preformed by comparison with a current approach. This paper presents the development of bridge maintenance strategy and can be utilized as an efficient tool to provide the best economical bridge maintenance scenario corresponding to the various constraints and requirements of bridge agency.
        112.
        2012.11 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        In this study, we conducted Life-Cycle Reliability Analysis Classified by Structure Movements in Removal PSC Beam Bridge. in short, we secured experimental values of bridge design factor and perform a detailed behavior analysis of structure system. finally, we could accomplish an Life-Cycle Reliability Analysis with considering of an environmental factor and variability of loading. We defined limit state function by statistical method (Response Surface Method, RSM) and calculated confidence indicator and Probability of Failure using reliability interpretation technique(FORM). eventually, we could compute Performance Profile and compare deterioration form according to time history by structure movements.
        113.
        2012.11 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        This study mainly focuses on presenting a rational procedure of assessing target reliability level of nuclear containment. The target reliability level can be obtained by considering LCC(Life Cycle Cost) of damage and operation. The LCC evaluation results in the different environmental situations. It is verified that this deviation of LCC can be adjusted by selecting the proper initial target reliability. In addition, slight increase of initial target reliability for the nuclear containment aiming a longer service life, therefore, the total expected loss during the extended service years can be maintained in the same level as the total loss expected in the 20-year service life for the existing containment structures.
        114.
        2012.07 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        In this study, life cycle assesment (LCA) was conducted based on a functional unit of 1 ton of food waste recycling from collection and transportation to treatment processes such as feed production, composting, other recycling and incineration for 45 public food waste recycling plants. The Korean life cycle inventory (LCI) data were used for the main input material and energy. For the other input data, which could not be provided by the Korean LCI database, data of other countries were used from the database by Ecoinvent, and the strength of food wastewater for LCI DB was divided low and high concentration. In case of low strength of food wastewater, environmental impacts were suggested incineration, composting and feed production in the order, where collection and transportation were identified as the major influencing factors by contribution analysis and sensitive analysis. Contrary, in case of high strength of food wastewater, environmental impacts were suggested composting, feed production and incineration in the order, where treatment of food wastewater was identified as the major influencing factor. Therefore, discharge volume as well as concentration of food wastewater was found to be important parameter of the LCA.
        115.
        2012.05 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        This paper presents the results of a life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis to select an efficient maintenance action for a deteriorated waterfront structure. Three different maintenance actions, a routine maintenance and two types of rehabilitation methods, were assumed and the corresponding the LCCs were calculated using a LC activity profile. The results of the analysis indicate that the LCC analysis can be effectively used to examine the maintenance alternative actions during the decision making process.
        116.
        2011.12 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        본 연구는 식물키트를 활용한 식물 재배·관찰 활동이 초등학교 학생들의 과학흥미도와 식물의 한 살이 이해도에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 식물관찰키트는 과학 교과 4학년 1학기 ‘식물의 한 살이’ 단원을 실습할 수 있도록 서울 소재 2개 초등학교의 4학년 2개 반에 학생 1인당 1개씩 제공되었다. 식물관찰키트는 심지관수 용기와 상토, 심지, 씨앗, 관찰일지로 구성되었으며 용기는 발아과정과 뿌리관찰이 가능하도록 투명한 자재로 제작하였다. 식물관찰키트를 활용한 실험군 전체 평균과 식물관찰키트를 활용하지 않은 대조군 전체의 평균 및 실험군 d과 대조군 d, 실험군 y와 대조군 y의 과학흥미도 점수 사이에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 식물의 한살이 이해도의 변화를 실험군 전체와 대조군 전체 집단 간 비교를 해본 결과, 실험군의 평균 87.01점과 대조군의 평균 78.61점 간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(P=0.002). 실험군 1과 대조군 1의 경우, 실험군 1의 점수가 약간 높았지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았고, 실험군 2와 대조군 2에서는 실험군 2가 85.38점, 대조군 2가 69.62점으로 통계적으로 매우 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(P=0.000).
        117.
        2011.11 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        In this study, Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) has been carried out to evaluate the environmental impacts of a metallic can. A 360 mL volume of an aluminum can bottle was used as the functional unit. The results of Life Cycle Inventory(LCI) showed that iron ore and coal were the major parts of the input materials, whereas aluminum can products, carbon dioxide, wastewater, and hazardous wastes were those of the output ones. According to LCA weighting, it was observed that the most significant impact potential was found to be global warming(49.11%) followed by abiotic resource depletion(47.72%). In the whole system, cold rolled steel coil showed the largest environmental impact potential(86%), followed by electricity(14%). Meanwhile, lubricating oil and industrial water had the minor portion of the total environmental impact potentials. It was suggested that the use of cold rolled steel and electricity should be the main source for CO2, resulting in the big impact on global warming.
        119.
        2010.07 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        신뢰성평가는 고속철도교량에 포함된 불확실성의 영향을 고려하여 정량적 구조안전성을 검토하기 위한 효율적인 방안이며, 신뢰성평가에 기초한 기대생애주기비용은 고속철도교량의 합리적인 안전수준 및 설계기준을 제공할 것이다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 수치해석과 신뢰성평가 결과를 바탕으로 고속철도교량의 기대생애주기비용 및 최적설계 방안을 결정하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 고속철도교량의 표준설계를 기준으로 다양한 설계방안을 설정한 후, 각각의 설계방안에 대해 수치해석을 수행하였으며, 설계강도 한계상태방정식에 따른 신뢰성평가는 수치해석결과를 토대로 외적 불확실성의 영향을 고려하여 수행하였다. 고속철도교량의 기대생애주기비용은 각각의 설계방안에 따른 신뢰성평가 결과를 바탕으로 산정하였다. 또한 최적설계 방안은 산정된 기대생애주기비용을 이용하여 결정하였다. 아울러, 최적설계 방안의 신뢰성평가 결과 및 기대생애주기비용에 대해 내적 불확실성의 영향을 고려하여 검토하였다. 이 연구결과는 고속철도교량의 체계적인 안전성 평가 및 최적 구조설계를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.
        120.
        2010.07 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        레일마모는 열차의 주행안전 및 승차감에 미치는 영향이 크고, 소음․진동의 주요원인으로 작용한다. 또한 레일마모가 발생할 경우 궤도구조의 파괴를 촉진시킴으로써 차량 및 궤도유지보수비를 크게 증가시킨다. 따라서 현장에서 발생하는 마모 원인을 체계적으로 분석함으로써 마모를 저감할 수 있도록 차량운행 조건과 선로선형 및 궤도구조를 설계하는 것은 중요한 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 궤도의 효율적인 유지관리를 위해 궤도를 구성하고 있는 레일, 체결구, 침목, 도상 등의 요소를 고려하여 레일 궤도의 생애주기 거동 및 유지관리 특성을 분석하였다. 또한 축적된 진단/검측 데이터로부터 궤도 구성품의 건전도를 평가할 수 있는 방법을 정립하고 잔존수명을 예측하여 효율적 유지관리를 실현할 수 있는 기법 개발을 위하여 지하철 레일단면마모데이터를 이용한 구간 특성에 따른 시간-마모량의 확률적 분포 변화와 다중회귀 분석을 수행하였다.
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