수산양식어업은 수산생물질병을 어떻게 효과적으로 관리하느냐가 매우 중요하다. 이 논문은 경 제적 잉여분석을 이용하여 수산생물질병방역사업에 대한 경제적 편익의 직접적 효과를 추정하 는 것이다. 이와 같은 경제적 편익은 수산생물사망 감소율과 수산생물질병감소로 인해 발생하 는 소비자잉여와 생산자잉여의 변화 정도를 포함한다. 연구결과 양식되는 넙치, 볼락 및 기타 어류의 생산자잉여에 대한 연간 변화액은 총 23.3억원(각각의 경우 8.7억원, 10.1억원, 4.5억원) 이고, 소비자잉여의 연간 변화액은 총 101.5억원(각각의 경우 63.6억원, 18.5억원, 19.4억원)으로 추정되었다. 따라서, 수산생물질병방역사업에 따른 연간 총 경제적 편익은 125억원 수준으로 평가된다.

Due to ever increasing trends in food safety, food manufacturers should take sanitary/ hygienic processing/packaging into key consideration. Minimizing the attachment of spoilage and pathogenic organisms to food contact surfaces and packaging materials is one of the major challenges in the fields of food science and biosafety. The bacteria adhering to the surface can produce subsequent hard-to-remove biofilms that potentially cause cross-contamination of processed foods. The contamination of spoilage to the food leads to shorten product shelf-life and, if foodborne pathogens are present, the consumption of contaminated food may possess a health hazard to consumers. In particular, a variety of surfaces in food packaging are vulnerable to development of biofilms as bacterial community is formed by adhering pathogens from native microflora in raw materialsfor prolonged contact time. It is now recognized that 80% of food outbreaks are related to biofilms. Therefore, inhibition of initial adhesion of biofilm-forming pathogenic cells on food contact surface is critically needed to minimize foodborne pathogen outbreaks.Bacterial adhesion is highly influenced by the substratum topography, i.e. roughness and porosity. Recent advancements in fabrication have made it possible to create well-organized nanofeatures (i.e. nanoporous and nanopillared) uniformly over a large surface area of a metal specimen. Nanosmooth (control) and nanoporous stainless steel foil surfaces were fabricated by precisely anodizing the degreased specimen in a 5% vol. of perchloric acid in anhydrous ethylene glycol. The applied voltage and anodization time were varied to obtain different pore diameters. The presences of 50 and 80 nm nanoporous patterns significantly inhibited the adhesion of L. monocytogenes by 2.0 to 2.3 log-cycles, depending on the pore diameters. It was found that nanoscale surface patterning and treatments are capable of enabling precise controls of molecular, physical, and biochemical interactions that govern bacterial adhesion to the solid substratum.

A confined space means places where the risk of damage to health caused by lack of oxygen or hazardous gases in inadequate ventilation conditions and the risk of fire and explosion caused by flammable substances. Asphyxiation accidents in a confined space occured every year and also occurred more than two people at the same time. In this study, we surveyed the domestic statistical data occurred the lack of oxygen in confined space for the last 10 years(2006-2015) and, analyzed the accident by industries sector, workplace size etc. 17 fatal work accidents that occurred in confined spaces in Korea between 2013 and 2015 were investigated and analyzed using the database of the KOSHA and suggested interventions to minimize asphyxiation accidents in confined spaces. This paper is expected to be used to establish interventions planning and training as a preventive measures in workplace having confined spaces.

In this study, seismic fragility analysis are carried out for the water supply facilities. To consider the uncertainty of ground characteristics, the variability of soil in several cases is considered based on RSM and the winkler Foundation method is adopted to model the ground. Limit state of water supply facilities defined as two steps.: the collapse prevention level and the serviceability level. As an input ground motion for evaluating seismic fragilities, foreign surveyed real earthquakes and artificial earthquakes which can be generated in the Korean peninsula are used. The destruction ability according to peak ground acceleration of an earthquake for the water supply facility is evaluated in this paper. From the analysis results, the probability of failure of the ductile iron pipe and wrapped steel pipe under real earthquakes have shown as upper than the Korean artificial earthquakes. It could evaluate the damage of water supply facilities to an earthquake and could be applied as basic data for seismic design of water supply facilities.

Complications that may occur after an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure include pancreatitis, bleeding, cholangitis, cholecystis, perforation, and post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Of these, PEP is the most common complication and 10% of patients can die from severe pancreatitis. Prevention of PEP requires the selection of an appropriate patient group according to their ERCP indications and a full awareness of the risk factors. The incidence rate can be reduced to some extent through medication and ERCP manipulation changes. The use of a spile through the guidewire during ERCP manipulation and temporary pancreatic duct stent insertion can be effective, and the administration of suppository NSAIDs as medication reduces the occurrence of PEP. Drugs such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), nafamostat, and somatostatin can be considered as the second best treatment in the cases where NSAIDs are contraindicated or where a plastic catheter cannot be inserted or fails after insertion into the pancreatic duct.

ERCP와 연관된 합병증의 대부분은 사망률 1% 미만으로 임상증상이 경미하고 짧은 입원기간을 요하는 반면 ERCP 후 발생한 천공은 사망율이 10%까지 보고되는 ERCP 후 합병증 중 가장 두려운 합병증이다. 천공 발생 직후 즉각적으 로 인식하고, 이에 따라 조기에 시술 환자의 임상 및 천공 상황에 맞는 적절한 치료를 시행하는 것이 성공적인 치료 성적을 결정짓는 중요한 요소로 알려져 있다. 이를 위해 시술자 는 Billroth II 수술이나 Roux-en-Y 문합수술 등으로 변형된 해부학 구조를 가지고 있는 경우나 시술이 어려웠던 경우 천 공발생의 가능성을 염두에 두고 환자의 증상 및 영상소견을 면밀히 관찰하여 조기진단을 위해서 노력하여야 한다. 천공의 치료로 현재까지는 내시경 자체에 의한 1형 장천공의 경우 즉각적인 수술이, 2형 및 3형 장 천공의 경우 내과적 치료가 우선적으로 고려되나 최근 신기술의 개발로 점차 1형 천공에 대해서도 내시경적 기구를 이용하여 성공적으로 치료 한 보고가 늘고 있으나 아직 수술적 치료를 대체하기는 어렵다.

Due to increased demand for remodeling and repair in construction market in recent year, the usage of horse scaffold is increasing in the indoor finish works. Injuries related horse scaffold are mainly caused by poor installation or of careless handling of scaffold. Approximately 300 workers are injuried at construction site every year, it is accounting for about 1.5% of the total construction sector and has increased on a year-to-year trends. But the main contents between national standards and speccifications related to the manufacture and usage of horse scaffolds are mutually inconsistent, In particular, the rules on occupational safety and health standards are the basis for the prevention of industrial injuries, there is no explicit application being made to the horse scaffold commonly used on construction sites. The purpose of this study was to analye the manufacture and usage situations in order to reduce construction injuries that occur at the horse scaffolds. It will be utilized the results of the analysis as the basis data for unifying the major domestic standards and specifications associated with the manufacture and usage of horse scaffold.

This study of small ＆ Medium-Sized construction sites construction disaster prevention technology conduction-site visits from the map results report by the inspector on-site advice and technical guidance for the analysis of deficiencies and potential construction of disaster revealed the potential factors causing an accident as follows. As a results, Should not be a once a month visits. Therefore should be changed at least twice a month to help prevent accidents of this system is to be judged.

Safety accident rate of small-medium construction site is high. because of lack of safety management system, lack of safety management capacity, lack of investment for safety, Owner's insufficient awareness about safety. In order to improve this, Currently in Occupational Safety and Health Act, Construction site of amounts more than 300 million won less than 120 billion (architectural),150 billion won(civil) mandatory subject to the technical guidance on construction accident prevention. Context of construction accident causes with construction accident rate relationship analysis and case analysis of technical guidance, through a survey of stakeholders in the technical guidance drawn the problems of the construction accident prevention technical guidance system and ways to improve on this.

In addition to improving economic growth and development of advanced production technology brings many benefits to our society, but if the growth of this still has the shadow of accidents exists. In particular, the construction site has seen a significantly higher accident rate figures despite efforts on disaster prevention. Among the various methods of reducing the need for disaster safety education industry it has become very stressed its importance through many studies. When a disaster causes significant share of the construction industry due to the lack of educational causes, including technical causes, managerial causes, classification and educational causes of this ateumyeo safety awareness and knowledge account for large proportion. In the health and safety education, centered on the subjects of education supervisors will be able to reduce the real and effective industrial disaster education should be run.

목적 : 본 연구에서는 휠체어 사용 장애인을 위한 욕창예방방석 중재와 방석의 종류 및 효과 측정 방법에 대한 논문 고찰을 통해 임상현장에 적용할 수 있는 근거를 제시하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 전자 데이터베이스 RISS, KISS, Scopus, PubMed와 Google Scholar를 사용하여 2010년부터 2015 년까지의 논문을 검색하였다. 주요검색 용어로 “Pressure Ulcer AND Wheelchair AND Cushion”을 사용하 였다. 검색된 논문은 3차 분류를 거쳐 최종적으로 13개의 논문을 선정하였으며 이를 분석 고찰 하였다. 결과 : 연구 결과는 연구 참여자와 중재로 사용된 욕창예방방석의 종류, 중재가 적용된 환경 그리고 효과 검증을 위해 사용된 측정 방법을 기준으로 분석하고 정리하였다. 논문의 질적 수준은 단일 그룹 실험 논문이 8편으로 가장 많았고 연구 참여자는 비장애인 대상에서 척수손상장애인 대상으로 변화되어지는 양상을 보였다. 연구가 수행된 환경도 실험실 기반에서 지역사회를 기반으로 한 연구로 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 욕창예방방석의 종류는 공기방석에 대한 연구가 가장 많았으나 최근에는 맞춤형 방석의 연구가 활발하게 진행 중이었다. 욕창예 방방석의 효과에 대한 측정 방법은 좌면의 압력을 측정하는 방법이 전체적으로 가장 많았으나, 최근에는 방석 사용자의 사용성과 주관적 만족도를 측정하는 방법이 증가하고 있다. 결론 : 이번 연구를 통하여 욕창예방방석 중재와 방석의 종류 및 효과를 측정하는 방법에 대해 알 수 있었다. 이를 근거로 작업치료사의 욕창예방방석 서비스에 대한 임상적 근거를 제공하고 추후 연구에 대한 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 추후에는 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 욕창예방방석에 대한 개발과 연구 및 임상적 서비스 근거 마련에 대한 연구가 더욱 활발하게 이루어져야 할 것이다.

The objective of this study is to apply performance-based seismic design to high-rise apartment buildings in Korean considering collapse prevention level. The possible issues during its application were studied and the suggestions were made based on the findings from the performance-based seismic design of a building with typical residential multi-unit layout. The lateral-force-resisting system of the building is ordinary shear walls system with a code exception of height limit. In order to allow the exception, the serviceability and the stability of the ordinary shear wall structure need to be evaluated to confirm that it has the equivalent performance as the one designed under the Korean Building Code 2009. The structure was evaluated whether it satisfied its performance objectives to withstand Service Level and Maximum Considered Earthquake.

In addition to improving economic growth and development of advanced production technology brings many benefits to our society, but if the growth of this still has the shadow of accidents exists. In particular, the construction site has seen a significantly higher accident rate figures despite efforts on disaster prevention. Among the various methods of reducing the need for disaster safety education industry it has become very stressed its importance through many studies. When a disaster causes significant share of the construction industry due to the lack of educational causes, including technical causes, managerial causes, classification and educational causes of this ateumyeo safety awareness and knowledge account for large proportion. In the health and safety education, centered on the subjects of education supervisors will be able to reduce the real and effective industrial disaster education should be run.

According to the statistics, occupational fatal injuries by the fork lifts were about 30 per year in whole industrial. Fork lifts are widely used in various parts of industries to improve the efficiency of the work. In this study, the current regulations to be adequate in industrial site have to be renew in order to prevent the fatal injuries by the fork lifts. Fatal injury analysis were conducted with several accident cases by the fork lifts. For each accident, the causes of the injuries were examined and proper safety measures were proposed. In this study, the fork lift showed a high fatality rate in industrial accidents and no detailed cause analysis of fatal accidents was conducted in terms of unsafe acts or conditions. First, fork lifts were the highest of the machines caused the accidents. In order to prevent fatal injuries by the fork lifts, the tarket was manufacturing industry. Second, the order of the cause of cognitive engineering agenda in the manufacture industrial was visibility, responsibility and affordance, and revision of acts was proposed. Third, there was not a lots of different points of human error between occurrence types and business sizes. Forth, number of fatalities by the attacker was more than by the inducer.

내시경유두절제술은 유두부 선암의 치료에 있어 수술적 절제를 대치할 수 있는 비교적 비침습적인 시술로 알려져 있다. 하지만 시술과 관련된 합병증 발생은 무시할 수 없으며, 췌장염은 비교적 흔히 발생하는 합병증이다. 이를 예방하기 위한 췌관 스텐트 삽입이 시도되고 있으며, 다양한 시술 방법을 소개하고 있다. 하지만 내시경유두절제술 후 예방적 췌관 배액관 삽입이 췌장염 예방에 효과적이라는 데는 논란이 있으며, 이와 관련된 대규모 숫자를 포함한 전향적 비교 연 구가 필요하며, 이를 통해 위험인자를 규명하는 연구가 필요 할 것으로 생각된다.

본 연구의 목적은 청소년비행예방센터직원의 직무효능감에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 직원들의 직무능력 및 교육의 내실화를 위한 함의를 제공하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 2015년 전국 15개 청소년비행예방센터의 직원 128명을 대상으로 자기보고식 사전･사후 설문조사를 실시하였으며 불성실한 응답을 한 6명을 제외한 122명을 최종분석에 활용하였다. 분석을 위해 spss 21.0을 활용하였으며, 기술통계 분석 및 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 청소년비행예방센터 직원의 직무효능감에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 독립변수인 의사소통능력과통제변수인 나이, 학력이 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 직무효능감을 증진시키고, 직무능력 및 교육의 내실화를 도모하기 위한 대안을 논의하였다.