In this paper, as there are many cases of fires occurring due to the failure or inoperability of the thermostat of electronic products, the purpose is to test and analyze the risks and probabilities through fire cases and reproduction experiments, and suggest countermeasures. Among electronic products, water purifiers are composed of a refrigerant system with a compressor to make cold water, a heating device to make hot water, and an electric device used as an energy source. Due to the nature of the water purifier manufacturing, these devices are subject to a lot of moisture and dust. etc. exist in large quantities and use electrical energy, so there is a possibility of fire due to short circuit in the wire, electrical abnormal overheating (tracking phenomenon) in the thermostat, electronic board, starting relay, etc., and overheating of the heating device (Band Heater). there is. Therefore, in order to prevent fires from these devices, a system to remove foreign substances inside the water purifier is necessary, the use of heat-resistant (fire-resistant) wires for electrical devices is essential, and the use of non-combustible materials (semi-combustible materials) for each part is necessary to prevent fire. The risk must be eliminated through prevention and combustion expansion prevention devices.

이 연구는 사회적 낙인과 전자감독과의 관계를 실증적으로 테스트해보고자 하였다. 특히 사회적 낙인으로 인해 전자감독제도가 전자감독 대상자들에게 얼마나 사회경제 적인 지위에 손상을 입혔는지, 현재 직장생활을 하고 있는 전자감독 대상자들의 사회 적 낙인과 어떠한 관련성을 맺고 있는지 살펴보는데 목적을 두고 있다. 전자감독제도의 목적이 전자감독을 통한 재범 예방에 있기 때문에 예방적인 측면에서 살펴볼 필요가 있는 것이 사실이지만, 실제로 전자감독 제도가 사회적 “낙인”과 맺는 관계에 대해서는 제대로 다루어지지 않고 있다. 따라서 이 연구는 OLS 위계적 회귀분석을 활용하여 전자감독 대상자 중 현재 직장 생활을 하고 있는 대상자를 중점으로 직장 내 지위 박탈이 전자장치 훼손 충동성에 유의 미한 영향을 미치는지 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 사회적 낙인이 다른 변수를 통제할 때, 전자감독 대상자가 전자장치를 훼 손시키려는 의지에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 전자감독 대상자가 사회적 낙인으로 인해 직장생활 및 사회생활을 제대로 할 수 없게 되면 전자장 치 훼손 충동을 느끼게 될 가능성이 큰 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 향후 사회적 낙인과 관련된 범죄자 주변 환경의 불합리한 직장 내 편견을 해소할 수 있는 세심한 보호관찰 전략이 만들어질 필요가 있다고 하겠다.

목 적：MR검사실에서 사용되는 많은 부자재들은 EMI/EMC 대응 전자파 차폐(shield) 기술이 적용되어야 한다. 하지만 설치된 일부 장치의 기술력 또는 노후로 인한 전자파 발생으로 자기공명영상에 영향을 미쳐 인공 물이 발생할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 새로운 차폐방법을 적용하여 자기공명영상에 간섭을 피할 수 있는 방안이 될 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법：연구방법은 전자파 차폐 기술이 적용되지 않은 환자 모니터링용 CCTV가 설치된 검사실에서 새로 운 차폐기술을 적용하여 고주파를 차폐할 수 있는지 알아보기 위해, 기준인 CCTV의 전원을 차단한 경우 와 기존의 CCTV의 전원을 차단하지 않은 경우 그리고 차단하지 않은 상태에서 새로운 차폐 방법을 적용 한 경우로 나누어 새로운 차폐방법이 CCTV에서 나오는 고주파를 차단할 수 있는지 noise map을 획득하여 비교평가 하였다. 새로운 차폐기술은 mesh를 이용하여 감싸는 방법을 적용하였고, 영상획득 장비는 3.0T 초전도 자기공명영상장치(Achieva, Philips Medical System, Netherlands)을 사용하였다. 획득 한 영상은 영상 평가프로그램(Image J, ver. 1.47v, NIH, USA)을 이용하여 noise map 중심부에 직선 을 설정한 후 profile 신호강도를 측정하였고 측정된 신호강도는 Gray Value가 1,500이상인 경우 noise 값으로 규정하여 일원배치분산분석(Anova, SPSS Ver.22)과 사후분석을 통해 기준인 CCTV의 전원을 차단한 경우와 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 결 과：연구결과, noise 값은 기준인 CCTV의 전원을 차단한 경우 1698.56±182.87, 기존의 CCTV의 전원을 차단하지 않은 경우 2056.94±415.42, 그리고 차단하지 않은 상태에서 새로운 차폐 방법을 적용한 경우 1724.36±227.26로 나타났다. 기준인 CCTV의 전원을 차단한 경우와 차이가 있는지 알아보기 위해 일 원배치분산분석을 시행한 결과, 집단 간 제곱합 3590253.144, 집단 내 제곱합 6.047E7, F값 45.773, 유의확률 0.000으로 나타나 noise 값 중 유의한 차이가 있는 값이 하나 이상 존재함을 알 수 있다. 유의 한 차이가 있는 값을 알아보기 위해 Duncan의 사후분석을 시행한 결과 유의수준 0.05에 대한 부집단이 2개로 나타났는데 집단 1은 기준인 CCTV의 전원을 차단한 경우와 차단하지 않은 상태에서 새로운 차폐 방법을 적용한 경우, 집단 2은 기존의 CCTV의 전원을 차단하지 않은 경우로 나타나 새로운 차폐 방법을 적용한 경우가 기준인 CCTV의 전원을 차단한 경우가 동일한 것을 알 수 있다. 결 론：MRI를 설치하기 위해서는 전자파의 차폐가 매우 중요하다. 이는 외부 전자파가 내부로 들어올 경우 영상 에 잡음이 발생하기 때문이다. 이러한 이유로 인해 MRI 설치 시 구리 또는 아연판으로 완벽하게 차폐하 고 배선 및 케이블 선정에도 신중을 기한다. 그러나 MRI실 내에 부가적인 장치를 설치할 경우 그 장치가 EMI/EMC 대응 전자파 차폐 기술이 적용돼 있지 않았거나 노후화로 인하여 전자파가 노출될 경우 영상 에 인공물이 발생한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이를 개선하기 위해 mesh를 이용한 새로운 차폐방법을 적용 하여 장치에서 발생하는 전자파를 차폐하고자 하였다. 연구결과 mesh를 이용해 새로운 차폐기술을 적용 할 경우 장치에서 발생하는 고주파를 완벽히 차단함을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로 MRI실 내에 부가적인 장치를 설치할 경우 전자파 차폐 기술이 적용된 장치가 아니라면 mesh를 이용한 새로운 차폐방법을 적 용하여 장치로 인한 영상에 인공물이 발생하는 문제를 해결할 수 있다.

The electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding sheet of grid pattern for the wireless charger has been designed by using grid pattern metal sheet, PET & DST stacking and laminating technology. For this purpose, the twisting protection and the bubbling prevention device, the automatic position adjustment controller, the visual sensors and the motor actuator for controller, the EMI shielding sheet cutting device and the main control system have been developed for manufacturing the apparatus. As the study result, the development on manufacturing the equipment and shielding sheet of the EMI shielding sheet of grid pattern for the wireless charger having the lamination productivity of 27.4m/min exceeded the target of 8m/min in this study. In addition, the magnetic induction and the applicable shielding sheet were prepared in the magnetic resonance system, all of the two wireless charging system. The power with a band of average 6.87MHz of shielding sheet was greater than the target of 30dB to 32.57dB. The available frequency with a band of average 7.95MHz the target was exceeded by a 7.00MHz.

The purpose of this study was to develop a grid forming equipment of the electromagenetic interference(EMI) shielding sheet for use in a wireless charger. In addition, the present study was to form a lattice in the surface of the thin metal ribbon to exert an electromagnetic wave shielding performance of the precision small electronic devices such as smart phones. For this, grid forming presses such as manual pressurized press, automatic pressurized press, heat pressurized press, and continuous grid forming equipment with cylinder roll type, and a grid inspection and grid uniformity inspection devices have been developed. Finally, the cylindrical roller-type continuous grid forming equipment showed the best suited.

Ultra thin sheet for electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding purpose has been designed using base metal, PET & DST sheet stacking technology. Also, an automatic manufacturing system is developed. This ultra thin EMI shielding sheet is an effective shield against low frequency(~300kHz) EMI that can not shield completely by the existing EMI shielding sheet. And the developed automatic manufacturing system can stack ultra thin shielding sheet without any wrinkles.

This study was done to provide basic data on the safety of professionals in medical imaging system by measuring the electromagnetic waves generated in the medical imaging system being used in medical organization. The studied medical imaging systems were general X-ray system, computed tomography(CT), ultrasonographic(USG) system, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), PET-CT and fluoroscopic(R/F) system, and through these devices, electric field and magnetic field were measured and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the measured values classified by the medical organizations were not much significant, but in the measurement by the medical imaging systems, there were high hazard elements in the sequential order of electric field PET-CT(17.7±22.9)v/m, CT(10.3±8.7)v/m, general X-ray system(8.8±8.8)v/m, magnetic field general X-ray system(5.06±8.26)mG, CT(2.71±4.53)mG and PET-CT(0.74±0.34)mG, the systems that adopted X-ray as main ray source, and the more aged the medical imaging systems, the greater the effects of electro-magnetic waves(10.6±15.93v/m for 5 years or more, 6.14±5.60v/m for 5 years or less). The effects of electromagnetic waves on medical imaging systems or facilities were not much when the notification of ministry of knowledge economy is considered, but in the overall perspective considering all the equipments and facility of the medical organization, such effects were significant. It is determined that sustainable safety managements of electric field and magnetic field must be done during process from medical imaging system installation to maintenance to rule out such factors.

The objective of this study was to evaluate survival rate and fish movement (migration) using a tagging approach of passive integrated transponder (PIT) in Juksan Weir, which was constructed as a four major river restoration projects. For this study, survival rates of each fish species and the mobility of fish individuals were analyzed during 2 weeks by the insertion of PIT tags to various fish species in the laboratory. According to tagging tests in the laboratory, the survival rate 37.5% (30 survivals of 80 individuals) after the insertion of PIT tags. The survival rate of Carassius auratus and Hemibarbus labeo was 100% and 80% after the insertion of the tags, respectively, whereas it was only 13.3% for Zacco platypus. In the field experiments of Juksan Weir, 6 species and 157 individuals from 8 species (563 individuals) were detected in the fixed automatic data-logging system, indicating a detection rate of 27.9% in the fishway of Juksan Weir. In the meantime, some species with no or low detection rates in the fixed automatic data-logging system were turn out to be stagnant-type species, which prefer stagnant or standing water to live.

Nach dem § 5 Abs. 1 Satz 3 des ‘Gesetz zum Anziehen des elektronische Fußfessel zur Lageverfolgung der bestimmten Sexualstraftätern’ wird ein Person, wer wegen den über zweimal Strafdelikten bestraft wird, eine elektronischen Überwachung urteilt. Ein Problem ist, ob ein Person, wer früher eine Schutzmaßnahme für Jugendliche urteilt wurde, Das koreanische Jugendstrafrecht definiert Personen unter Vollendung des 19. lebensjahres als “Jugendliche”. Ferner bestimmt das koreanische Jugendstrafrecht die zwie Grundarten der jugendstrafrechtlichen Santionierung, d.h. Schutzmaßnahme und Strafmaßnahme. Nach dem § 32 Abs. 6 werden Jugendliche wegen des Vorlebens, das sie eine Schutzmaßnahme urteilt wurden, nicht benachteiligt.Die Bindung der Auslegung an die Wortlautgrenze ist keineswegs willkürlich, sondern ergibt sich aus den staat- und strafrechtlichen Grundlagen des Gesetzlichkeitsprinzips. Solche Auslegung des Gesetzes startet vom Sinn des Wortes, aber sie wird vom Zweck des Gesetzes abgegrenzt. D.h. eine Interpretation im Rahmen des möglichen Wortsinnes kann die Präventivwirkung des Gesetzes sichdem und eine verbotsüberbestrtung vorwerfbar machen.Meiner Meinung nach, ein Vorleben der Schutzmaßnahme darf nicht eine Voraussetzung des § 5 Abs. 1 Satz 3 des ‘Gesetz zum Anziehen des elektronische Fußfessel zur Lageverfolgung der bestimmten Sexualstraftätern’ anerkennt werden.

The punishment laws and regulations should be strictly interpreted and applied according to phrases based on ‘Nullum crimen sine lege’ principles, and they should not be interpreted excessively in disadvantage of the defendant nor be interpreted analogically, and requirements and/or conditions of attachment of electronic device should be also interpreted in same way. The prosecutors were permitted to ask the court order of attachment of electronic device in accordance with the Act on the Electronic Monitoring of Specific Criminal Offenders when a criminal was admitted to have habit by committing sex violence crime two times or more(including guilty judgment). Majority opinions accepted 'guilty judgment' only: When the court judged whether or not the one who was given request for oder to attachment of electronic device committed sex violence crime two times or more, it should not consider previous record of protective disposition in accordance with the Juvenile Act. On the other hand, minority opinions said that the regulation should be applied at guilty judgment only, so that previous record of protective disposition against sexual violence in accordance with the Juvenile Act should be applied to sex violence crime two times or more. Majority opinion followed not only the Juvenile Act but also protective disposition to be advantageous to the one who was given request for oder to attachment of electronic device: But, ‘committing crime’ was limited to ‘guilty judgment’ except for behavior of corresponding case not to be good from point of view of interpretation of the Criminal Act. Majority opinion said that the one who committed sex violence crime should be punished in accordance with the Act on the Electronic Monitoring of Specific Criminal Offenders depending upon two cases to be unfair, that is to say, guilty judgment in accordance with general criminal procedures and protective disposition in accordance with the Juvenile Act. Judicial precedents of lower court differed to require legislative supplementation.

This article examines a Supreme Court decision on November 11, 2010(docket number 2010Do7955). The rule of prohibition on disadvantageous alteration(the rule against the disadvantageous alteration) in Korean criminal procedure code prescribes not to sentence more serious punishment than the punishment sentenced by judgement of the original instance in case of defendant appeal case and appeal case for the criminal defendant.In this case, the originally sentenced punishment was the “imprisonment of upper term 7 years, lower term 5 years” in addition to imposing the sanction of 5-year electronic monitoring(electronic tagging), and the court of appeal imposed the sanction of 20-year electronic monitoring while it reduced the length of imprisonment to “upper term 5 years, lower term 3 years”.This Supreme Court decision indicate that the nature of the court order imposing electronic monitoring is a kind of probation, and Supreme Court decided that court of appeal did not break the rule of prohibition on disadvantageous alteration in light of the nature of the electronic monitoring.In this article, I review the monitoring system for sexual criminals, along with overseeing “The Act on attachment of electronic device for position tracking on specific crime offenders”, and then I analyze the Supreme Court decision regarding the rule against the disadvantageous alteration in Korean criminal procedure code. In this article, I argue that it might comprise the disadvantageous alteration if the length of probation(electronic monitoring) was altered essentially too much. Lastly, I examine the Supplementary Provision of “the Act on attachment of electronic device for position tracking on specific crime offenders”, which apply the act to the criminals who committed crimes before the act was amended, is against “The Prohibition of ex post facto law”.

This study has considered on basis of constitutionality that the attachment order of electronic device for tracking location doesn't violate the principle of prohibition against double jeopardy, over-prohibition, and rights to equality. The attachment order of electronic device for tracking location doesn't violate the principle of prohibition against double jeopardy because it is a security measure to restrict freedom without imprisonment. However double assessment of second conviction dangerousness at additional punishment to repeated offense and sentence of the attachment order of electronic device for tracking location could be raised objection of double jeopardy. A sex offence has a character that second conviction dangerousness and crime victimization are serious. Thus to release sex offenders is very dangerous, and protection of victims and social defence are necessary. Therefore the attachment order of electronic device for tracking location doesn't violate the principle of over-prohibition because there is a balance between human rights violation and public interest. The attachment order of electronic device for tracking location is applied special offences, but it doesn't violate the principle of rights to equality because of a sanction to character of sex offenders.

이 논문에서는 안전한 해양레저 행위를 지원하기 위한 두 가지 개인 휴대용 전자장치 개발 내용을 기술한다. 하나는 조난자를 신속히 민-관-군 동시 다발적으로 수색하기 위한 선박용 9GHz 대역의 일반 레이더 전파에 응답하는 레이더 응답장치이다. 다른 하나는 조난자의 위치를 추적하고 식별할 수 있는 900MHz 스펙트럼 확산 주파수 홉핑 방식의 송수신기와 GPS를 이용한 해상 무선식별장치 개념의 전자장치이다. 해양경찰 함정을 이용한 해상에서의 다양한 현장실험을 통하여 두 가지 장비의 성능을 확인하였다. 그리고 향후 상용화 방안에 대해서 검토하였다.

한국산 참깨와 중국산 참깨를 구별해낼 수 있는 보다 합리적이고 과학적인 실험방법을 모색하고자 한국산 및 중국산 참기름의 향기 성분을 분석하였고, 또한 전자코 장치를 이용하여 한국산 및 중국산 참깨로 제조한 참기름의 판별이 가능한지를 MANOVA 분석, 판별분석의 통계기법을 사용하여 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 참기름의 향기성분 분석 결과 한국품종 한국산은 41개 성분을 확인하였고, 중국품종 중국산은 39개 성분을 확인하였다. 주성분은 참깨의 고소

The attempt of this paper is to examine the basic theory on the analysis of the effect of a shading coil fitted to an electromagnetic contactor, and to compare experimentally the attracting force of an AC electromagnetic contactor with that of a DC electromagnetic contactor, with varying the airgap length. Equations are also proposed for calculating the AC and DC attracting force per unit consumption wattage by using the circuit constants measured from the experiment, and these calculated attracting forces are compared with those actulally measured, and then, the experimental contactor is examined in the view of its design. The calculated attracting forces are appeared to coincide well with the measured ones and the experimental contactor fitted with shading coil is revealed not so well designed for reducing the fluctuation of the attracting force.