인은 식물체 생장에 있어 매우 중요한 요소로 농업에서는 화학비료의 형태로 많이 사용되어져 왔지만 경작지 내 인의 양을 정확히 알지 못하고 질소량 기준으로 시비하여 토양에 계속 축적되어 환경오염을 발 생시키고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 신속한 토양 분석 기술의 개발이 필요하다. 이 연구에서 는 침출, 여과 및 발색의 세 단계 반자동 분석 시스템을 개발하였으며, 각각의 과정을 표준방법과 비교하 고 분석하였다. 또한 분광기의 온도 제어 장치를 개발하고 온도는 22±0.5℃를 유지하는 것을 목표로 하 였다. 그 결과, 침출과정에서 Lancaster 분석법을 이용해 침출하였을 때와 반자동 장치를 이용해서 침출 하였을 때 R2 값은 0.985, RMSE 값은 73.11이었으며, 여과과정과 발색과정도 같은 방법으로 비교했을 때 R2 값은 각각 0.817, 0.893이었고 RMSE 값은 82.83, 57.72로 나타났다. 또한 3가지 단계를 모두 반 자동 분석 장치를 이용하여 연속적으로 측정하였을 때도 R2 값은 0.837, RMSE 값은 61.13으로 모든 과 정에서 70% 이상의 수준을 얻을 수 있었다. 이 측정 결과를 바탕으로 유의성 분석을 한 결과도 모든 과 정에서 유의수준 0.05일 때 유의미한 차이가 없음을 알 수 있어 토양의 인을 측정하는 Lancaster 분석법 대신 반자동 분석 장치를 활용한다면 보다 신속하게 측정 할 수 있을 것이라고 판단된다. 분광분석기의 온도 제어 장치는 PI 제어를 통해 목표 온도인 22℃에서 ±0.35℃ 이내에서 유지하는 것이 가능하였다.

오늘날 새로운 지도 제작 기술을 도입하여 저비용으로 개인 용도에 맞는 촉지도를 제작할 수 있는 지도 제작 방식에 대한 연구가 증가하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 지도와 점역에 대한 지식이 없는 일반인이 촉지도를 제작할 수 있는 촉지도 자동제작 시스템의 구현 방안을 제안한다. 촉지도 자동 제작 시스템은 연속수치지도 기반의 지리정보 데이터베이스를 활용하여 지도용 자료를 구축한다. 그리고 촉지도 자동 제작 시스템은 촉지도 디자인 기능을 웹 환경에서 제공하는데, 지도 요소 및 지도 기호 디자인 규칙은 국내의 점자지도 제작규정을 준수한다. 마지막으로, 촉지도 자동 제작 시스템은 빠르고 쉽게 촉지도를 인쇄할 수 있는 장비를 채택하여 지도 제작자가 소량의 개인용 촉지도를 제작할 수 있도록 지원한다. 온라인 지도 서비스 기반의 지도 제작 방식이 개인용 지도 제작의 확산에 기여한 것처럼, 촉지도 자동 제작 시스템은 개인용 촉지도 제작에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대할 수 있다.

채소의 고정된 절단 형태를 가공할 수 있는 절단기는 실용화되어 국내외에 시판돼 있다. 하지만, 기존 개발된 절단기는 특정 채소류의 절단 작업 시 단일 절단 형태에 국한되어 있고 채소의 절단 형태에 따라 칼날을 교체하여야 하며 사용자의 수동제어에 의존하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 채소의 종류에 상관없이 절단의 다양한 형태가 가능한 모터 자동제어시스템을 개발한다. 채소 투입 시 흐트러짐 방지를 위한 가압장치와 메인 블레이드 장치를 PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)제어로 펄스의 폭을 조정하여 부하 전력의 크기를 조절한다. 그러하여 기어드 모터의 토크를 유지하면서 속도를 제어한다. 1~25mm 절단 두께를 조절하기 위해서 구동 컨트롤러(펄스 발생기)가 일체형으로 스텝모터 드라이버가 내장되어 있는 리니어 스텝 모터로 선정하였다. 스텝 모터는 프로그래밍을 통한 시그널로 정밀한 각도 및 정밀 위치제어가 가능하고 정지 상태에서 큰 자기 유지력(Holding torque)을 갖는다. 또한, 채소 배출시 이송용 컨베이어 벨트 구동과 속도 제어를 하는데 기존 컨베이어 모터 방식은 모터가 외부에 노출되어 있어 설치나 분해 및 관리에서 애로사항이 발생하는데 드럼 모터는 기어 박스, 체인, 모터 등의 모든 부품들이 일체화되어 있어 기계 배치에 효율적이다. 또한, 물 세척이 가능하고 청소가 용이하여 유지관리에 장점이 있다. PLC로 위치결정 및 이송을 제어하여 전처리 작업의 자동 제어 시스템을 구현하였다. 10인치 터치스크린 패널에서 절단 두께, 속도 조절 및 세척 기능 등을 제어하여 작업자의 편의성 증대 및 작업과정을 모니터링할 수 있다.

This paper suggests a specific model that could efficiently improve the interaction and the interface between MES(Manufacturing Execution System) server and POP(Point of Production) terminal through electronic document server and electronic pen, bluetooth receiver and form paper in disassembly and process inspection works. The proposed model shows that the new method by electronic document automation system can more efficiently perform to reduce processing time for maintenance work, compared with the current approach by handwritten processing system. It is noted in case of the method by electronic document automation system that the effects of proposed model are as follows; (a) While the processing time per equipment for maintenance by the current method was 300 minutes, the processing time by the new method was 50 minutes. (b) While the processing error ratio by the current method was 20%, the error ratio by the new method was 1%.

Seafood is attracting attention as a future food industry. In recent years, the demand for fishery equipment of mechanization, automation, and unmanned was increased due to the environment affected by seafood processing, stricter regulations on safety, decline and aging of fishery worker. Ark shell (Scapharca subcrenata) was being produced in many steps in the production process. The process has been made such as collection–landing–washing–first sort (goods/non-goods)–transports– second sort (size). It was undergone first and second steps by delivering to the consumer. Here, the first step is to sort goods to collection and the second step is to sort by size. The fishery workers need ten people in first step and six people in second step. The workload of one hour per kg is 4,247 kg/h in first step and 2,213 kg/h in second step. In addition, the goods ratio by work process was 79% in first step and 98% in the second step. In this process, a lot of fishery worker and working time is needed. Therefore, this study developed elemental techniques for an automated size sorting system considering the working process problem, time and situation for washing and sorting of ark shell.

In order to secure competitiveness of companies in the semiconductor industry, state management of equipment is one of the most important key factors. Particularly, after carrying out preventive maintenance (PM) work to maintain the best equipment condition, process reliability inspection is carried out. This work must be performed manually by the intervention of the operator. This inspection work is becoming more and more difficult due to the difficulty of the manufacturing worker, the increase of the simple repetitive workload, and the increase of the inspection items for the engineer, as the condition and the procedure continuously change as the semiconductor scaling down. Therefore, we would like to carry out an empirical study on the construction of an automatic inspection system in order to carry out the more reliable and efficient inspection procedure by eliminating the problems and unreasonableness of the past based on the investigation and analysis of the work procedures and conditions of the existing manual method.

In this study, design and manufacturing automation systems for the rolling stone rolling stone production were as follows. Manufacturing of rolling stone was designed to obtain a desired rolling round for about 5-15° by the tilted the tilted the slope of the road rolling barrel. This stone can be manufactured by the conflicting with each other inside the barrel. Additionally, the stone cutting device was made to cut the stone having the standard sizes of this rolling stone about 100x100x100 mm for height, width, depth, respectively. Rolling stone was transferred to a cutting device using a conveyor belt, while a rubber on the conveyor belt was used to prevent the slip between the stone and this conveyor belt. The production of this rolling stone device was measured by a counter system, which was installed at the end of the conveyor belt bottom of the outlet.

In this research, we developed flag-raising machine operates smoothly even in the external environment such as slope and wind by 'guide' which guides inserted flag. In addition, even at the time of the output of this flag-raising machine, curling flag inside does not occur. to evaluate this machine, we develop system that can tilt the machine. and evaluate its performance by calculating difference between flag's right and left length after flag is output or inserted respectively. in this result, even in some slope, its input/output performance operates well, also curl doesn't occurred inside This system has the advantage that the flag-raising as well as can be applied for various advertising system.

A new design concept for integrated thermal energy storage system is suggested to increase energy saving rate for heating and cooling system of the closed glass greenhouse. Heat pump of air source is installed in the mechanical room and air flows then controlled by damper system located between the greenhouse and outdoor environments. A damper control algorithm is designed to enhance the usage of excessive energy in the glass greenhouse. Since the proposed system is installed at the actual glass greenhouse site for experimental verification of energy savings, the proposed system with damper control is compared with conventional greenhouse heating and cooling system. From results, it is found that more than 10% increase of energy saving rate is achieved.

The e-CALLISTO is a network of CALLISTO (Compact Astronomical Low-frequency, Low-cost Instrument for Spectroscopy in Transportable Observatories) spectrometers which detect solar radio bursts 24 hours a day in frequency range 45-870 MHz. The number of channels per spectrum is 200 and the time resolution of whole spectrum is 0.25 second. The Korean e-CALLISTO station was developed by Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) collaborating with Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich) since 2007. In this paper, we report replacement of the tracking mount and development of the control program using Visual C++/MFC. The program can make the tracking mount track the Sun and schedule CALLISTO to start and to finish its observation automatically using the Solar Position Algorithm (SPA). Daily tracking errors (RMSE) are 0.0028 degree in azimuthal axis and 0.0019 degree in elevational axis between 2014 January and 2015 July. We expect that the program can save time and labor to make the observations of solar activity for space weather monitoring, and improve CALLISTO data quality due to the stable and precise tracking methods.

Companies build the factory automation system to improve management effectiveness and productivity as prime strategies for sustainable growth. But most companies undergo various trials and errors while carrying out the project without elaborate preparation stage for factory automation. In this study, we tried to verify what factors are critical to effectively building distribution automation system, which is a branch of factory automation system. A consulting model for setting up a Material Handling Automation System by utilizing the Stage-Gate Process, which is product development process was studied. 29 material handling automation projects carried out between the year 1990 to 2013 at K-Company were selected. Interviews with the project managers, operators and maintenance personnels, various records and current status of the projects were used as data for structural equations based on the Milan consulting model and existing researches of factory automation, CIM for material handling automation. Creating effective basis of production, material handling system and energy saving system with expert review, when preparing a material handling automation project, help promote the project planning thus contributing to the performance of the resulting system, which appears though rather weakly in our data. Also the effect of material handling automation can be enhanced through sufficient and effective links to the relevant environments such as production logistics management and automated warehouses. More detailed planning characteristics of project promotion or some time-series data of effective Material Handling Automation System could enhace furthur studies. We propose a consulting model for setting up an efficient material handling automation system.

Design in small hydro power systems is the detailed work required a variety of epidemiological considerations. However, turbine designers were often feel the limitations due to repetitive calculations or drawings, rather than focusing on finding the turbine performance and efficiency improvements. Furthermore, miss the point in repeating the procedure design process or cross the interface is not easy to keep track of the changes required parameters should also feel the difficulties in efficient design. Improve this unreasonable points, though he design part is insufficient understanding of the hydro turbine, to automate the design to exclude the repetitive operations is the purpose of this study