본 연구는 구운 횟수에 따른 죽염의 미네랄 농도변화와 항우식 효과를 확인하기 위하여 수행하였다. 미네랄 변화는 9회 죽염에서 Na, K, Mn 그리고 Fe이 높게 나타났으며, Mg, Ca 및 SO4는 1회 죽염에 서 가장 높았다. 구강 병원균 2종에 대한 최소억제농도 측정 결과 S. mutans에 대한 죽염의 MIC는 25mg/mL으로 나타났으나 S. sanguinis에 대한 죽염의 MIC는 50mg/mL로 S. mutans에 대한 항균효 과가 S. sanguinis보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 2종의 균주 모두에 대해 천일염보다는 죽염의 항균효 과가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 더욱이, 3%의 죽염에서 구강 내 pH 환경이 pH≥5.5로 오래 지속되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구 결과는 죽염이 치아우식과 치주질환을 감소시키는데 유용할 것이라 생각될 수 있겠으나 보다 세밀한 추가 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

지하수 중의 바나듐 및 실리카의 농축에 적합한 막을 선정하기 위하여 2종류의 나노여과 막모듈(NE2540-90, NF90-2540)과 3종류의 역삼투 막모듈(BW30-2540, RE2540-TE 및 XLE-2540)에 대한 투과선속과 배제율을 측정하였다. 투과선속과 배제율에 대한 실험 결과 본 연구에 사용된 나노여과 막모듈과 역삼투 막모듈 중에서 NE2540-90 막모듈이 바나듐과 실리카의 농축에 가장 적합하였다. NE2540-90 막모듈을 사용하여 막간차압을 8 kgf/cm2로 하였을 때, 바나듐 및 실리카의 배제율은 각각 98.2% 및 99.0%이였고, 알루미늄, 크롬, 철, 붕소, 스트론튬 및 바륨에 대한 배제율은 각각 92.0%, 83.6%, 96.0%, 45.1%, 98.6% 및 69.5%이였다. 서귀포지역 지하수를 각각 회수율 15%로 6단 처리하였을 때, 바나듐과 실리카 함량은 각각 148.9 μg/L 및 85.8 mg/L로 농축되었다. 나노여과 공정에 의한 농축수는 고농도의 바나듐과 실리카를 함유하고 있어 기능성음료로의 상품개발이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

국화과 13종과 배추과 14종의 쌈채소류, 그리고 허브류 7종을 담액식 수경재배 시스템에 혼식하여 EC 1.2, 2.4 및 3.6dS·m-1의 배양액을 공급하여 배양액의 pH와 EC 변화, 식물체의 생육과 무기양분 흡수 특성을 조사하였다. pH는 양액농도가 높을수록 낮아졌고, EC는 양액농도가 높은 처리에서 높아 EC 3.6dS·m-1처리에서 4.8dS·m-1까지 높아졌다. 생육은 여름철에는 국화과와 허브류는 EC 1.2dS·m-1, 배추과는 2.4dS·m-1의 배양액에서 양호하였고, 가을철에는 EC 2.4dS·m-1 처리에서 대부분 작물이 생육이 양호하였다. 무기양분의 흡수는 생육이 양호했던 가을철이 여름철보다 T-N과 K 함량이 높았다. 작물별로는 배추과가 국화과와 허브류에 비해서 T-N, K, Ca,그리고 Mg함량이 높았으며, Fe과 Mn 함량은 오히려 국화과에서 높았다. 결과적으로 국화과와 배추과 쌈채소류와 몇 가지 허브류를 혼식하여 한 가지 배양액으로 수경재배 시 여름철에는 EC 1.2dS·m-1, 가을에는 EC 2.4dS·m-1로 재배하면 유리할 것으로 판단되었다.

본 연구는 토양 염도(EC)에 따른 토마토의 생육효과를 검토코자 토양 중 염류농도(EC)를 각각 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 및 7.5dS·m-1로 두어 폿트 실험을 수행하였다. 토마토의 초장, 생체중, 건물중 등 생육은 토양 중 염류농도가 높을수록 억제되었으며 특히 EC 5.0dS·m-1 이상의 염류농도에서 큰 차이를 나타내었다. 지상부의 생체중과 건물중은 초장과는 달리 EC 7.5dS·m-1에서 감소하였다. 반면 뿌리의 생체중과 건물중은 지상부와는 달리 EC 5.0dS·m-1까지는 차이가 없었으나 EC 7.5dS·m-1서는 매우 감소하였다. 평균과중은 EC 5.0dS·m-1에서 92g으로 EC 1.0dS·m-1 129g보다 37g이나 가벼웠고 착과수는 평균과중과는 달리 EC 7.5dS·m-1에서는 매우 감소하였다. 수량은 EC 5.0, EC 7.5dS·m-1에서 각각 3,810, 3,216kg/10a로 EC 1.0dS·m-1의 5,488kg/10a보다 각각 31%, 41% 감소하였다. 토마토 과실의 당도와 산도는 염류농도가 높을수록 증가하는 경향이었으며 토양 중 EC 5.0dS·m-1 이상에서 과실당도가 5.2% 이상 증가하였다. 잎의 수분퍼텐셜 및 엽록소, 기공전도도 및 광합성 함량은 염류농도가 높을수록 억제되었다. 총 T-N, P 및 Na 함량은 염 농도가 높아질수록 증가하는 경향이었으나, Ca, Mg 및 K 함량은 염류농도가 높을수록 감소하였다. Na 함량은 증가하였으며 다른 성분은 처리간에 차이가 없었다.

Background : Boron (B) is an essential element required for the growth of plant. It has a narrow range of optimal concentration from minimum to maximum thresholds than other micro-elements. The study was carried out to investigate to the influence of B excess concentrations on physiological disorder of leaf, growth and mineral concentration of ginseng to obtain basic information for physiological disorder diagnose. Methods and Results : The ginseng cultivar ‘Gumpoong’ was cultivated by hydroponic system for 2 months. The toxicity symptoms which ginseng leaves were curved downwardly and induced to chlorosis after beginning to dry the edge appeared on leaves more than 30 ppm compared to the control(3 ppm). The growth of ginseng was more decreased with higher B concentration. Mn uptake was also decreased as B concentration increased. It was found that B excess hindered the growth of ginseng and was reversely related to Mn uptake. Conclusions : More than B 30 ppm can negatively affect growth and mineral uptake. Consequently, B excess can occur physiological disorder of ginseng.

The management and control of mineral nutrients is one of most important techniques to increase the productivity and the quality of Korean ginseng. The mineral nutrients are measured with different plant tissues and different growth stages of 2-year-old ginseng grown under hydroponic culture with two different temperatures. The content of N, P, Ca, and Mg were higher at low temperature in both leaves and roots than those at high temperature. However, the content of K was high in leaves at low temperature compared to that of high temperature, while it was not significantly different in roots. The uptake amounts of N and K was higher throughout the experimental period at low temperature in both leaves and roots than those at high temperature. However, the uptake amount of P was not clearly different between two different temperatures and among six different growth stages. The uptake amount of N, P, K was generally decreased in leaves from June to August, while it was increased in roots. The relationship between dry weight and mineral nutrients in leaves was appeared positive with N, K, Ca, and Mg, but negative P. In roots, N, K, Ca, and Mg were negative, showing that was positive with only P. Comparing the correlation coefficients among mineral nutrients in leaves, N and K were significantly positive correlation each other. P was significantly positive correlation with Na and Zn. In case of roots, N was highly significant positive correlation with K, Mg, and Mn, but P was negatively correlated with Ca, Cu, Na, Fe, and Zn.

The management and the use of major mineral nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium, etc have been practiced and improved in various cultivating methods of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. The purposes of this study were to examine the content of major mineral nutrients on different ginseng aging from 1 to 6 years old, to analyze their uptake and utilization in tissues of ginseng, and to find out their proper managing techniques throughout the cultivation of ginseng. In case of the leaves, the N content was not clearly different from 1 to 6 years old, while the content of P and K was generally decreased throughout the cultivating years. In case of the roots, the content of N and K was gradually decreased from 1 to 6 years old, while the P content was increased until 3 years old, decreased at 4 years old, increased again at 5 years old, and decreased again at 6 years old. The uptake amount of N was increased in root of ginseng from 1 to 6 years old, 0.02 to 2.79kg/10a based on dry weight, respectively. Other minerals of P, K, Ca, and Mg were increased for the cultivating year. Comparing the uptake amounts of N, P, K with different cultivating year, they were the highest uptake amount at 4 years old and then were decreased. The management techniques of major mineral in cultivation of ginseng would be studied and evaluated more in order to have better ginseng production.

The medical mineral menas a single mineral or a complex of minerals. It is natural material. using the medical action of he major or the minor elements, and traditional medicine stuff which has been used since long time ago. Jusa, cinnabar as the mineral name, is the product of the hydrothermal process. It is used to relax the body and cure high blood pressure, apoplexy and cardiopathy. Jusais the major component of "An shin hwan" and "Woo hwang chung shim hwan" nowadays because it has such an excellent calm effect. In addition, it is used to cure cancers such as esophageal cancer and gastric cancer. Jusa composed of mercuric sulfide causes mercury poisoning such as Minamata disease. It is dealt with mineralogical property and chemical composition medical stuff in Korea and China, as well asmercury poisoning and medical action of Jusa in this study. In order to predct accumulation of the interior of the body of the major and minor elements in Jusa, leaching experiment of Jusa by artificial gastric juice was done as well as thermodynamic reaction modelling to know concentration of each species of body fluid. The minor elements of 24 species such as As, Pb, Cd, a and Fe by leaching reaction of Jusa and artificial gastric juice were leached. We can know the fact that as is less than 1 ppm, Hg is less than 25 ppm and Cd and m are not detected. In addition, mercury exists as species of Hg2+, HgCl+, HgCl2, HgCl3-, HgCl42-, HgClOH, HgS(H2S)2, Hg(HS)3-, HgS22-, HgOH and Hg(OH)2 by reaction modelling between Jusa and artificial gastric juice. The concentration of sulfide complexes is 24.2 ppm and that of others is less than 10 ppm. According to increasing pH, the concentration of HgS(H2S)2, Hg(HS)3+, HgS22- and Hg(OH)2 increases, whereas the concentration of HgCl+, HgCl2, HgCl3- and HgCl42- decreases. Therefore, Jusa is very useful for the development of new medicine because it is possible to predict formation of the body species and species accumulation on mercury known as a toxic element and concentration changes of toxicity and efficiency.city and efficiency.

This study was conducted to elucidate the changes of photosynthetic ability and cation content in barley cultivar seedlings cultured for 10 and 30 days with different NaCl concentrations containing 1/4 Hoagland solutions. At the highest NaCl concentration, the weight of dry matter and the shoot/root ratio (S/R ratio) were decreased. Thus, shoots were affected more than roots by NaCl treatment. The S/R ratio decreased more in 'Neulssalbori' than in 'Bunong' by the NaCl treatment. The. internal Na+ concentration increased greatly with the highest NaCl concentration, but K+ concentration in plants decreased with the highest NaCl treatment. The Ca2+ concentration had a small change with NaCl concentrations. Thus Na+ /K+ and Na+ /Ca2+ ratios increased with the highest concentration. The chlorophyll content (%/dry weight) of seedlings decreased at higher NaCl levels except for Bunong in 30 day old seedlings. The photosynthetic ability decreased only for Neulssalbori in the 10 days NaCl treatment. The stomatal conductance, and transpiration had decreased in the 10 day old seedlings, but not with 30 day old seedlings.

배양액중 무기영양, 인산농도가 수도, 대맥의 철흡수에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 수도는 영남조생, 대맥은 밀양 006를 공시하였다. 실험1은 각종무기영양(N, P2O5 , K, Ca, Mg)이 결핍된 배양액에서, 시험 II는 철, 인산농도가 철은 0,50,100,200,300ppm, 인산은 0,50,100ppm의 배양액에 35일묘를 이용하여 15일간 처리하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수도, 대맥의 철전이율은 무기영양중 가이, 인산결핍에서 높은 경향이었고, 대맥은 수도보다 높았다. 2. 수도, 대맥의 무기영양함량은 (p, K, Mg, Mn) 철저농도보다 철고농도에서 생육한 것이 감소되었다. 3. 수도, 대맥의 철함량은 배양액중 철농도가 높을수록 많았으며 특히 수도근에서 많은 경향이었다. 그러나 배양액중 인산농도가 증가될수록 철함량은 감소되었다. 4. 철과잉증은 배양액중 인산이 공존하지 않을 경우 수도는 100 ppm, 대맥은 50 ppm 철농도에서 나타났으며, 공존할 경우 수도는 300ppm, 대맥은 100ppm 철농도에 서 나타났다. 5. 수도는 배양액중 철농도와 철전이율과는 정의 유의 상관관계가 인정되었으며, 대맥은 부의 회귀곡선이었다. 6. 이상의 결과로 철은 수도보다 대맥의 생육에 크게 영향을 미치고 있었다.