This study analyzes the impact of occupational health risk assessments on the safety and health levels and the safety behaviors of workers in manufacturing workplaces. An online survey was conducted among 3,172 companies, yielding 637 responses. The statistical analysis on the collected responses revealed three key findings. First, the safety and health levels (safety importance, safety comprehension, safety awareness) positively influence the outcomes of occupational health risk assessments(safety practice, safety management, safety improvement) and safety behaviors (activity change, safety check). Second, the effectiveness of occupational health risk assessments has a positive impact on safety behaviors. Lastly, the effectiveness of occupational health risk assessments partially mediate the relationship between safety and health levels and safety behaviors. These findings are expected to contribute to the promotion of risk assessments in the field of industrial health and to enhancing safety performance by improving workplace safety, health levels, and safety behavior.

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) aims to maintain and promote the safety and health of workers. Additionally, violations of the act can result in imprisonment or fines, depending on the severity of the offense. This study examines whether the severity of OSHA violations is proportional to the size of the fines imposed. There are 120 items subject to fines, with penalties ranging from a minimum of 50,000 won to a maximum of 30 million won. To assess the severity of these items, pairwise comparisons were conducted, and the results were expressed numerically. In summary, no significant correlation was found between the severity of violations and the amount of the fines. Therefore, this study proposes calculating fines based on the severity of violations. In many small companies, resources (e.g., budget and manpower) are limited. Thus, greater attentions tend to be directed toward addressing items with higher fines. Consequently, aligning the severity of legal violations with the size of the fines may contribute to improving the industrial safety.

Occupational safety and health management expenses in the construction industry are statutory and separately included in the cost statement to prevent occupational accidents and health problems. The expenses are determined by multiplying the standard amount by the rate decided according to construction types and scales. However, the current expense appropriation method does not properly reflect the recent changes in the construction industry such as industry size, industry diversification, and social atmosphere about safety reinforcement. This study surveyed 1579 questionnaires in total and analyzed expense execution rate and proportion of each expense category. The expense execution rate was relative higher in complex construction (e.g., heavy construction = 126%, civil engineering = 125%) and long-period project (equal to or over 48 months construction = 133%) compared to general construction (98~116%) and short-period project (less than 48 months construction = 115%). The proportion of spending expenses was higher in the category of safety manager labor costs (25~52%), safety facility costs (22~40%), and personal protective equipment costs (10~25%). The analysis results of the study can be utilized in revising the standard expense appropriation method by reflecting the current usages of the occupational safety and health management expenses in the construction industry.

The Severe Disaster Punishment Act had recently been established in order to promote safety and health (OSH) management system for severe accident prevention. OSH management system is primarily designed based on risk assessments; however, companies in industries have been experiencing difficulties in hazard identification and selecting proper measures for risk assessments and accident prevention. This study intended to introduce an accident analysis method based on epidemiological model in finding hazard and preventive measures. The accident analysis method employed in this study was proposed by the U.S. Department of Energy. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the accident analysis method, this study applied it to two accident cases occurred in construction and manufacturing industries. The application process and results of this study can be utilized in improving OSH management system and preventing severe accidents.

우리나라의 산업안전보건교육은 일반근로자, 사업주, 근로감독관 등을 대상으로 하나, 체계적이지 못하고 산발적으로 이루어지고 있다. 특히, 청 소년들을 위한 산업안전보건육은 법적 근거가 명확하지 않고, 담당기관, 프로그램 등 체계적이지 못하다는 비판이 제기되고 있다. 최근 한국고용 노동교육원이「한국고용노동교육원법」 제3조에 따라 전국 중·고등학생 및 청소년을 대상으로 노동인권교육을 실시한다고 발표하였으나, 주로 일반 적인 노동교육에 집중된 측면이 있어, 산업안전보건교육의 필요성이 제기 된다. 오늘날 산업재해로 인한 사망사고 등이 지속적으로 발생함에 따라 산업재해를 예방하고, 건강하고 안전한 근무환경을 조성하기 위해 산업안 전보건교육이 더욱 중요한 과제가 되었다. 특히, 청소년들은 일을 처음으 로 하거나 시작하기 전, 사업장의 안전보건과 생산적 효율성을 위해 기본 지식, 기술 및 능력을 갖출 필요가 있다. 미국은 우리나라와 달리 산업안 전보건교육의 대상을 분리하여 대상자별로 법적 근거를 달리 규율하고, 담당기관, 교육내용, 교육수준 등을 차별화하여 교육하고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 미국 산업안전보건교육의 법·정책적 제도로부터 도출할 수 있는 시사점을 알아보고자 한다. 첫째, 산업안전교육에 관한 공공부문 은 모범적 사용자 역할로서 근로자 등에게 교육을 제공하고 있으며, 교육 을 강화하고 있다. 둘째, 미국은 산업안전보건교육에 관한 법체계의 정합 성을 확립하고 있다. 산업안전보건교육 관련 「산업안전보건법」,「연방시행 규칙」,「훈련지침」을 마련함으로써 법체계의 정합성을 확립하고 있다는 것 을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 미국은 산업안전보건교육의 근거가 되는 법률과 대 상을 분리하여 교육을 실시하고 있다. 넷째, 미국은 산업안전보건교육 관 련 컨소시엄을 구성하여 운영하고 있다. 이러한 시사점을 바탕으로 본 논 문은 청소년을 위한 산업안전교육을 실시하기 위해서는 「청소년 기본법」 을 근거로 담당기관을 설립 또는 지정하여 교육수준별 전문성을 확보하여 야 하고, 업종별로 필요한 교육훈련과 기준을 상세하게 기술하고 이와 관 련된 과목들을 사업장 또는 사업장 외 훈련장에서 이수할 수 있도록 교육 편제를 변경하는 것도 고려해 볼 만 하다.

A reliable prediction model of national occupational accident fatality rate can be used to evaluate level of safety and health protection for workers in a country. Moreover, the socio-economic aspects of occupational accidents can be identified through interpretation of a well-organized prediction model. In this paper, we propose a machine learning based relative comparison methods to predict and interpret a national occupational accident fatality rate based on socio-economic indicators. First, we collected 29 years of the relevant data from 11 developed countries. Second, we applied 4 types of machine learning regression models and evaluate their performance. Third, we interpret the contribution of each input variable using Shapley Additive Explanations(SHAP). As a result, Gradient Boosting Regressor showed the best predictive performance. We found that different patterns exist across countries in accordance with different socio-economic variables and occupational accident fatality rate.

이 논문은 선원에게 적용되는 안전ㆍ보건법제를 검토하고 산업안전보건법 및 선원법의 개선방안 제시를 목적으로 한다. 이 연구의 방법론으로 선원법이 제정되기 이전부터 선원에게 적용되는 안전보건법제의 변천과정을 통해서 선 원법과 산업안전보건법과의 관계를 연혁적으로 검토하고 산업안전보건법이 선 원법의 적용을 받는 선원에게도 적용되는지를 검토하였다. 또한 영국, 캐나다 및 일본의 산업안전보건법제의 검토를 통해서 선원의 안전보건에 관한 해외법 령이 어떠한 입법방식을 취하고 있는지 검토하였다. 그 결과 산업안전보건법은 명시적으로 선원법의 적용을 받는 선원에 대한 적용을 배제하고 있지 않으므로 법해석상의 논란이 있으며 해외의 입법사례와 같이 산업안전보건법이 선원법이 적용되는 선박에는 적용제외 하는 개정이 요 구된다. 또한 선원법은 해사노동협약의 이행과 해기사 실습생의 안전보건을 강 화하기 위한 법적 근거를 선원법에 마련할 필요성이 있다. 장기적으로는 부분 적 선원법 개정만으로는 선내안전보건제도를 강화하고 이행하는 데 입법적 한 계가 있으므로 선원안전보건법(가칭안)의 입법추진을 제안한다.

The purpose of this study is to investigated occupational accidents of child care worker. We surveyed 392 childcare worker to investigate their experience of occupational accidents. Fifteen percent of the respondents from occupational accdients survey for child care workers reported that they had experienced more than one occupational accident, but mostly did not claim Occupational Safety and Health Insurance. We suggested policy tasks to improve system for protecting child care workers.

This study was undertaken to assess the occupational safety and health of fishermen community in Seberang Takir, Terengganu. The aims of this study was to evaluate current state of the occupational safety and health for fishermen at Seberang Takir, Terengganu and to create the prevention measures for occupational safety and health. The scope area of the research is Seberang Takir village, Kuala Terengganu, which is separated by a river and estuary. This research covers all fishermen and community at the Seberang Takir, Kuala Terengganu. The target population includes two groups of workers within fishermen and seller. Tools for this study is using HIRARC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control) form, along with hazard identification, a quantitative risk assessment as methodology has been done to prioritize the risk control management. The study reveals that during working (routine activity) was exposed to some hazards during handling of transfer the fish container to the collection point. Out of 7 identified hazard, 2% posed low level, 4% posed medium level and 1% posed high level. Secondly, an activity of fishermen during fishing was selected for this study to evaluate the occupational safety and health risk on board. Out of 6 identified hazard, 1% posed low level, 2% posed medium level, and 3% posed high level. This includes ergonomic, biological, physical, psycho-social, and natural. Overall the highest level of risk is ergonomic hazards. The result of risk matrix ranking based on the HIRARC survey of Occupational Safety and Health for fishermen Seberang Takir was conducted to determine the hazards and to improve the safety and health at the workplace. There are have several prevention measures are applied such as engineering control, administrative control and usage of personal protective equipment to reduce or prevent the hazards. The results of the current study can be utilized in the design of effective prevention measure in accordance with Malaysian Occupational Safety and Health Act.

본 연구는 선원들의 안전보건활동 실태조사를 통하여 선내 재해예방과 안전보건활동 대책에 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 최근 6개월 이내 승선경험이 있는 437명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과 선원들의 안전보건활동 수준은 평균 68.82점이었으며, 작업장 정리정돈이 76.08점으로 가장 높았고, 안전보건관리체계가 62.78점으로 가장 낮았다. 안전보건활동 수준 차이 검증결과 해상직원이 육상직원보다 높았고, 고학력자가 저학력자에 비해 높았다(p<0.01). 외항이 내항보다 높았으며, 특수화물선이 다른 선종보다 높았다(p<0.01). 선박의 크기는 대형선이 소형선에 비해 높았으며, 선령이 5년 미만 선박종사자에서 가장 높았다(p<0.01). 따라 서 선원의 안전보건활동 수준을 높이기 위해 개인 및 직무특성과 선박의 특성 차이를 고려한 다양한 안전보건교육프로그램의 개발, 선 내 안전보건활동의 활성화 등 선원들의 재해 예방을 위한 적극적인 선내 안전보건 활동 지원 대책이 필요하다.

정부와 안전보건공단에서는 건설현장의 안전사고를 줄이기 위하여 감독․점검, 기술지도, 재정지원 등의 산업재해예방 활동을 지속적으로 수행하여 왔다. 하지만, 전체 산업의 사고사망만인율과 재해율이 전반적으로 감소 추세에 있는 반면에, 건설업의 사고사망만인율 및 재해율은 2014년 이후 오히려 증가 추세에 있다. 특히, 2016년 재해통계를 기준으로 전체 건설업 재해자의 약 70%가 공사금액 20억 미만의 소규모 건설현장에서 발생하였다. 이러한 소규모 건설현장의 재해를 줄이기 위해서는 현재의 산업안전보건법 상의 소규모 건설현장 산업안전보건관리체제와 고용노동부 및 안전보건공단에서 수행하고 있는 소규모 건설현장재해예방 사업에 대한 실효성을 파악하고 개선할 필요가 있다. 현 산업안전보건관리체제에서는 건축공사 기준으로 120억 이상인 공사인 경우 안전관리자를 의무 선임하도록 되어 있으며 3억에서 120억 미만 공사의 경우 재해예방지도기관의 기술지도를 받도록 되어 있다. 또한, 안전보건공단에서는 민간위탁기관을 지정하여 3억 미만 건설공사의 안전관리를 지원하고 있으며, 클린사업장 조성지원사업을 통해 20억 미만 소규모 건설현장의 추락재해예방을 위해 시스템 비계, 사다리형 작업발판 및 안전방망 등의 설치 비용을 지원하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 공사금액별 재해통계 및 안전관리자 선임관련 제도를 분석하여 안전관리자 선임 대상을 현행 건축공사 120억 이상인 공사에서 단계적으로 50억까지 확대할 것을 제안한다. 설문조사와 전문가 의견을 수렴하여 재해예방지도기관의 기술지도 영역을 조정하고 실효성을 강화하기 위한 방안을 수립하고, 클린사업장 조성지원사업의 사업 확대 요구 및 개선사항을 도출한다.

The primary purpose of present study, to take appropriate measures to prevent occupational accidents in the food service industry, was to evaluate characteristics of working condition and occupational safety and health. In order to fulfill our objective, profession and working environment, safety recognition and education, safety activities, physical conditions and accident experience were surveyed. To collect information and opinion in the field, face-to-face interviews were, using a structured questionnaire, carried out. Also, food service industry's accidents reported by Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency at 2014 were statistically analyzed. In the resulting of analyzing data from a questionnaire survey of food service industry employees, safety/health train and management were increased.

The study conducted questionnaire analysis to 413 industrial safety field employees in order to examine the necessity and validity of industrial safety field's 17th neo-job classification based on National Competency standards(NCS). As a result, 50.1% of industrial safety management field and 43.3% of industrial health management field answered that classification details of occupational safety and health management field are classified by job(duty) performance. Industrial safety management field recognizes that management and engineering section play a significant role in their work, while industrial health management field recognizes worker's health care and work environment management and overall control of work environment assessment to be significant in their work. Furthermore, industrial safety management field recognizes that separating qualification and foundation of 'construction safety manager', 'chemicals(safety and health) manager', '(toxic)risk assessment evaluator or risk factor manager' to be highly significant. The study is meaningful in that it suggests industrial safety field's qualification items practical in industrial sites

Notwithstanding the existence of The Act on the Establishment of Safe Laboratory Environment to prevent accidents in laboratory, it has not been secured substantive level of safety. Moreover, it is hard to apply to the scope of responsibility when the accident occurs in laboratory with The Occupational Safety and Health(OSH) Act. Thus, it is necessary to review and compare the OSH Act and The Act on the Establishment of Safe Laboratory Environment to reinforce the safety in laboratory.

The purpose of this study is to identify the overall occupational safety and health status and the characteristics of the workers engaged in the field of the film and television artists, and to take appropriate measures to prevent industrial accidents, profession and working environment, safety recognition and education, safety activities, accident experience, and job stress survey. Survey using a structured questionnaire is to be used for 302 worker directly interview research. Safety awareness level of himself or herself was "middle level" of 3.1 points. Those of colleagues and the general public were evaluated to be low as 2.8 points and 2.5 points, respectively. During the last 12 months, 4.6% of total workers have received an industrial safety health education for work-related accident or disease. Regarding cases of having experienced work-related accident or having been exposed to work-related disease over the past 1 year, 20.2% of total respondents have experienced accident. 16.2% of total respondents have experienced work-related disease. And the workers are approximately one's own subjective feeling of physical symptoms that have appeared. In addition, the film sector workers in particular occupations men than women have higher job stress. Preventive education for industrial safety is required to be expanded and strengthened. Safety education is urgently required in order to prevent, and to reduce accident. Safety and health guideline is required to be developed and disseminated in order to prevent accident in advance. Finally, the actor and their staff members to reduce the stress, mental health care and education carefully needs to be in parallel. Also, when taking measures to reinforce safe work environment, it needs to be protected.

The occupational health and safety accidents were continuously increased during handling, usage and manufacturing the chemical materials according to increase of small and medium sized enterprises in domestic industries. These accidents mainly resulted from insufficient occupational health and safety management and deteriorative facilities and focused on corresponding operation to minimize the damage of accidents after occurrence. But, it was required that we grasped the occurrence causes of occupational health and safety risk in handling, usage and manufacturing the chemical materials and develop the adequate corresponding operation and system according to the possible occurrence of occupational health and safety risk. This study deals with the development of risk assessment model to derive the risk and important risk of occupational health and safety and then help to construct the self-controlled occupational health and safety system for small and medium sized enterprises handling the chemical materials.

The occupational injury and illness(OII) was influenced by the various factors. This study was planned to investigate the pathway of the activities of OSHM on the rate of OII via worker's participation. The survey on the trend of the activities of OSHM was used. The sample size of manufacturing industry was 3,000 enterprises and that of construction was 1,000 enterprises. The survey was done by interview method with structure questionnaire. Questions about the activities of OHSM were integrated into one category using factor analysis. The enterprises with OII has more activities of OSHM than that without OII. Among enterprises with OII, the level of the activities of OSHM was positively correlated with the rate of OII. The activities of OSHM has influenced on the rate of OII directly and indirectly via worker's participation and the activities of prevention of accident. Worker's participation also has the direct effect and indirect effect on the rate of OII. Worker's participation in construction sector has more effect on OII than that in manufacturing sector.

This study is aimed to investigate the occupational safety and health management of contractor company in the car industry. The questionnaire survey was conducted on the suppliers and contractors of car industry. Data were collected from 10 contractor companies and their 291 contractor companies(each outside and inside company). From the survey result, it was found that the level of all-round safety and health management is above the average. To strengthen the relationship for safety and health management, it is needed that the supplier company employ the person in exclusive charge to support contractor. Also it is needed the active support of the contractor company and needed that the supplier company employ the person in exclusive charge to support contractor. Finally, Many of the problems associated with the safety and health management by strengthening contractor company responsibility will have to be solved simultaneously.

OSHMS(Occupational Safety and Health Management System) is able to define as a typical convergence of all kinds of activities and elements that support maintaining safety at workplace and protecting employee's health. In particular, fundamental function of OSHMS is preventing diverse hazards at workplace through high level of regulation compliance. Furthermore, insuring safety in workplace, protecting employee's health and increasing effectiveness in manufacture are OSHMS's additional functions. Based on the division of manufacture in 2009 Survey on Current Status of Occupational Health & Safety data, the study analyses certain relation between OSHMS and level of regulation compliance. The main finding is that most activities and elements which formed by OSHMS are being affected by regulation clauses.