The purpose of this study is to investigate which of the main social and personality factors affect the attitudes of consumers towards counterfeit products and their purchase intentions in one of largest counterfeit product market as much as the attractive one for the Global Luxury goods ,namely Turkey.

Peer pressure and popularity have always been important issues for teenagers, potentially impacting on teenagers’ attitudes towards luxury, social consumption motivation and their self-concept clarity (how clearly teens view themselves). We empirically investigate these relationships using data from a sample of Brazilian teens and find that self-concept clarity has a significant effect on peer pressure, popularity and social consumption motivation, which itself directly impacts attitudes towards luxury items. The total sample consisted of 558 teenagers between the ages of 12 and 19 (grades 7 through 12). Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling.

A survey of 570 adolescents reveal that attitudes toward luxury fashion brands rely on a balance between desires for assimilation (i.e., susceptibility to peers’ influence) and individuation (i.e., need for uniqueness); innovativeness mediates these relationships and culture plays a moderated mediation effect.

With the sweeping popularity of Korean Wave across Asia, the number of Chinese tourists to Korea has rapidly been increasing over the last decade. Korea Tourism Organization estimates that the number of Chinese visitors exceeded 6 million in 2014, and Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade estimates that their spending in Korea surpassed KRW 7.67 trillion in 2013 alone. In particular, Chinese tourists spend most of their money in Korea on shopping. Since Chinese have become the major customers of the Korean market, it is critical to understand their consumption patterns and behavior. Previous studies looked into tourist destinations and shops that Chinese people frequently visited, and also researched on product selection criteria regarding their preference on fashion products. However, this study focuses on how Chinese tourists feel while they are shopping in Korea and how such emotions affect their evaluation on the purchased products. Planned purchase refers to the situation where the buying intention of a consumer has already been formed prior to entering the store based on the perception of purchase necessity. An unplanned purchase is not anticipated or planned before the customer enters the store, and products are bought without planning similar to impulsive buying. Oliver (1980) suggested that emotions are an important factor when consumers evaluate a product. Therefore, this study focuses mainly on the emotion created during the shopping. We conceptualized product attitudes based on the expected consumer satisfaction paradigms of Oliver and Desarbo (1988). This study also explores the product usage satisfaction of tourists as a post-purchase attitude. According to statistics, majority of Chinese tourists who buy fashion products are women. The survey is conducted on 550 women in the age group between 20 and 60 years who have visited Seoul before, using an online panel of respondents sampled by an international survey firm. 530 questionnaires are analyzed, with the remaining responses determined to be incomplete. For the demographic characteristics of the sample group, the average age is 33.5 years old, with 201 in their 20s (37.9%), 190 in their 30s (35.8%), 107 in their 40s (20.2%), and 32 in or over their 50s (6.0%). As for the average household income, RMB 10,000 to 20,000 is the most frequent (210 or 39.6%). For residential areas, Hua Dong (East China) is the most frequent (207 or 39.1%). Data are analyzed using structural equation modeling by AMOS 20.0. Respondents were asked to recall most impressive fashion product that they bought in Korea during their visit, and to answer whether it was planned or unplanned purchase.This study also attempts to measure the emotions they had during the purchase in order to understand differences in attitude toward the purchased products. Although emotions cannot persist over time, previous studies have measured emotions during consumption to evaluate the situation. The study categorizes respondents according to their purchasing power into heavy and light buyers to determine the moderating effects of purchase amount. In the literature, purchasing power is described in terms of the number of purchase and purchase amount. Based on previous studies on purchasing power, consumers can be categorized as heavy or light buyers. This study focuses on purchase amount in the context of tourism shopping. The results find that planned purchases tend to deliver positive emotions, which in turn enhances product satisfaction. Unplanned purchases, positive shopping emotions have positive impact on their attitude toward purchased products. Interestingly, unplanned purchases have negative direct impact on the product attitude without the mediating role of positive shopping emotions, showing the importance of positive emotions that consumers feel while shopping When it comes to the impact of purchasing power, the effect of unplanned purchases of light buyers on shopping emotions or product attitude was not significant. Only planned purchases trigger positive emotions, many of which induced positive impact on product satisfaction. For heavy buyers, on the other hand, even unplanned purchases have positive impact on their product satisfaction when positive shopping emotions are developed. This study is differentiated from previous studies in that it deals with how purchase types (planned vs. unplanned) affect shopping emotions and post-purchase product attitude of Chinese tourists who account for the significant share of the Korean tour industry. It is also notable that this study groups tourists by their purchasing power and identifies the impact of their purchasing power, considering the fact that tourists are increasingly influencing the domestic consumption market. The Korean government and companies may tap into the results of this study to provide better environments to trigger positive shopping emotions to tourists. However, it should be considered that the subject of this study is limited to Chinese female tourists, which should be complemented by future studies.

This study analyzed consumers’ awareness, preference levels, and effect expectations in relation to fashion art marketing according to the types of such marketing (collaboration between fashion and art in fashion products, called product collaboration; sponsorship for art foundation; artist sponsorship; collaboration for the design of a space/store/display; ad/promotional film collaboration). The study also investigated the influence of consumers’ attitudes toward fashion art marketing with respect to purchase intention. The study was implemented through a descriptive survey method. The sample consisted of 342 men and women between the ages of 20 and 45. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that there are significant differences in consumers’ awareness and effect expectations in relation to fashion art marketing according to the types of fashion art marketing activities. While no differences were found in preference levels according to the type of fashion art marketing, all the types of art marketing showed overall high levels of preference. The collaboration between fashion and art in fashion products, which had the highest awareness, also showed the highest expected effect. In all the types of fashion art marketing, consumers’ attitudes had a significant influence on purchase intention. In cases of sponsorship for an art foundation, artist sponsorship, collaboration for the design of a space/store/display, and ad/promotional films, consumers’ effect expectations had the most significant influence on purchase intention, followed by preference and awareness level. These results could be used to provide appropriate proposals to fashion brands when they plan to set up an art marketing strategy.

본 연구는 OO학교에서 담당자에 의해 의뢰된 청소년 성폭력 가해자 대상으로 성폭력통념 수용도, 성태도, 성지식의 변화를 위한 집단상담 프로그램의 효과성에 관한 연구이다. 프로그램 진행은 2***년 **월부터 **월까지 주 1회씩 총 8회에 걸쳐 약 120분씩 OO학교 집단 상담실에서 실시하였다. 본 연구의 효과를 검증하기 위해 객관적인 평가와 주관적인 평가를 하였다. 실험집단과 통제집단을 설정하여 프로그램 실시전ㆍ후에 성폭력통념 수용도, 성태도 및 성지식 검사지를 실시 한 후 t-test를 실시하였다. 또한 주관적인 평가로서 연구자와 관찰자 중심기법을 사용하였다. 연구결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 집단상담 프로그램이 청소년 성폭력 가해자의 성폭력통념 수용도와 성태도 및 성지식의 변화에 효과가 있었다. 또한 프로그램 실시 구성단계에 따라 하위영역의 깊이에 변화를 주었다. 이것은 여러가지 급변하는 어려운 한계 속에 실천현장에서 집단상담 프로그램의 활용가능성을 제시하는 데에 의의와 큰 성과가 있다고 하겠다.

This study investigates the effects of collocation task types on Korean high school students' collocation learning and learning attitudes. A total of 118 Korean high school students participated in the experiment, and they were divided into four groups: control group, receptive treatment group, productive treatment group and combination treatment group. In order to investigate the effects of collocation task types on students' English proficiency, each group of students was classified into a high proficiency group and a low proficiency group. The students took a pre-test before the experiment and a post-test after the experiment. After the post-test, the post-questionnaire survey was conducted to examine the students' learning attitudes. The results of the study were as follows: (1) The three types of collocation tasks were effective in learning receptive and productive collocations; (2) in the delayed retention test, it was revealed that the effect of the three types of collocation tasks on both receptive and productive collocation learning lasted; and (3) the result of post-questionnaire survey showed that learning collocation through collocation tasks had positive influence on most students in terms of raising their interest and increasing their self-confidence.

The market for counterfeit luxury fashion goods is proliferating across the globe. In an effort to provide some insight into this phenomenon, this study aimed to identify the antecedents of attitudes toward counterfeits of luxury fashion goods. As antecedents, counterfeit proneness and attitudes toward counterfeiting were considered. It was hypothesized that counterfeit proneness not only influences attitudes toward counterfeits of luxury fashion goods directly but also indirectly through attitudes toward counterfeiting. Data were gathered by surveying university students in Seoul, using convenience sampling. Three hundred five questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis. SPSS was used for exploratory factor analysis, and AMOS was used for confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis. The results showed that all the fit statistics for the variable measures were quite acceptable. In addition, the overall fits of the hypothesized model suggest that the model fits the data well. Factor analysis revealed that counterfeit proneness and attitudes toward counterfeits of luxury fashion goods were uni-dimensional and that attitudes toward counterfeiting were two dimensional, which are ‘normatively less susceptible’ and ‘value conscious’. Test of the hypothesized path showed that counterfeit proneness influences attitudes toward counterfeits of luxury fashion goods indirectly through the two factors of attitudes toward counterfeiting. The results suggest some implications for anti-counterfeit businesses.

The purpose of this study was to categorize and comparatively analyze tourists of different life-style groups who visit Yesan according to their lifestyles as well as their consumption behaviors and attitudes towards local foods or specialty agricultural products in order to understand the various needs, attitudes, and behaviors of consumers in each life-style group. Group 1 had a high percentage of single people in their 20s and those who worked in technology. Group 2 had a high percentage of those in their 30s and 40s who were married and were professionals. Group 3 had a high percentage of men and those in their 40s and 50s, as well as a high percentage of high income, highly educated people. Group 4 had a high percentage of those in their 20s or those in their 60s or higher. Compared to other groups, group 4 had a larger percentage of lower income and less educated people. In verifying the difference between life-style groups in terms of their behaviors and attitudes toward local foods and specialty agricultural products, consumption and experience of regional specialty foods showed high average scores in groups 1, 2, and 3, with significant differences from group 4.

본 연구는 소년원 보호직 공무원을 대상으로 인권태도와 행동실태를 파악하고 영향을 미치는 관련 변인을 파악하여 소년원생의 인권보장과 장기적이고 실질적인 대책을 마련하고자 실시된 것이다. 이를 위해 소년원 현황 및 선행연구 분석을 통하여 관련 지표를 개발하고 2014년 8월 27일부터 9월 16까지 법무부의 협조를 받아 전국 소년원 및 분류심사원 각 행정지원과로 설문지를 발송하였다. 소년원 및 분류심사원에 종사하는 소년원 보호직 공무원 총 681명을 대상으로 조사를 실시하였으며(관리운영직, 기간제 제외) 무응답을 제외한 분석대상은 최종 435명이었다. 연구결과 직급이 높아질수록, 기관상황, 자기효능감이 높아질수록 인권태도 및 행동이 통계적으로 유의미하게 점수가 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 소년원 보호직 공무원의 인권수준을 명확히 진단하고 인권교육의 발전 방안을 모색해 보았다는 측면에서 연구의 의의가 있을 것이다. 그러나 다양한 통계방법을 통한 분석이라든지 직접적으로 소년원 보호직 공무원의 인권수준이 소년원 청소년에게 영향을 미치는 상황, 맥락에 관한 부분의 부재는 본 연구의 한계이자, 향후 후속연구의 과제로 남겨두고자 한다.

본 연구의 목적은 공정성, 조직지원인식, 상사-부하 간 교환관계 및 구성원의 태도와의 관계를 검증해 보는 것이다. 이를 위해 분배공정성과 절차공정성은 조직지원인식에, 상호작용공정성은 상사-부하 간 교환관계에 영향을 미치고, 또한 조직지원인식과 상호작용공정성은 조직구성원의 정서적 몰입과 이직의도에 영향을 미칠 것으로 연구모델을 제안하고, 구조방정식 모델을 이용하여 검증하였다. 293명의 포항지역 철강산업단지 내 기업 근무자들을 대상으로 설문방법에 의해 모은 자료를 SPSS 20 를 이용하여 분석한 결과에 따르면, 분배공정성과 절차공정성은 조직지원인식에, 상호작용공정성은 상사 -부하 간 교환관계에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 조직지원인식과 상사-부하 간 교환관계는 정서적 몰입에는 정(+)의 유의한 영향을, 이직의도에는 부(-)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 상사-부하 간 교환관계는 정서적 몰입에는 정(+)의 유의한 영향을, 이직의도에는 부(-)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 조직지원인식은 정서적 몰입에는 정(+)의 유의한 영향을, 이직의도에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 사회교환이론의 틀 내에서 상사와의 개별적인 관계 보다는 조직과의 관계가 이직의도에 대한 예측력이 더 높다고 본 기존의 연구들과는 달리, 본 연구에서는 상사와의 개별적인 관계가 조직과의 관계보다 이직의도를 더 잘 설명하는 것으로 나타났다.

This study aims to construct the basic data of perceptions about the Temporary Protection of abandoned dogs(TPAD) in Gyeongju University by survey, focus on Dept. of Companion animal and Plant Conservation. Most students agreed that abandoned dogs needs help and protection by students or anyone else. Most students generally indicated that TPAD is certainly necessary and suitable structures and processes need to be put in place to achieve this. Thus follow-up studies are needed.

장기기증은 장기부전환자를 위한 최선의 치료방법임에도 불구하고 국내의 기증비율은 무척 낮은 편이다. 장기기증에 대한 지식과 태도를 개선하여 장기기증 의향과 실천으로 연결시키는 효과적 교육과 대중의 인식이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구는 일(一) 간호대학생의 장기기증에 대한 지식 및 태도를 포함한 비판적 사고 성향을 알아보고, 학년 간 차이 및 상관성을 분석하여 장기기증에 대한 교육과 참여 활성화에 기여하고자 한다. 비판적 사고 성향 측정도구는 총 27문항, 장기기증에 대한 지식 측정도구는 총 17문항, 태도 측정도구는 긍정적 태도 29문항과 부정적 태도 16문항으로 이루어졌다. 총 대상자 352명(1학년 208명, 3학년 144명)의 평균나이는 20.74세(±2.86)였고, 전공간호학 교육과 임상실습경험이 있는 3학년(12.56±1.86, 68.5%)이 1학년(11.64±2.08, 73.9%)보다 장기기증에 대해 높은 수준의 지식(p<.001)과 긍정적인 태도(p=.002)를 가지고 있었다. 한편, 비판적 사고 성향이 증가할수록 장기기증에 대해 높은 지식수준(r=0.126, p=.018)과 긍정적인 태도(r=.113, p=.034)를 보였으나, 학년 간 교육정도에 따른 비판적 사고 성향에서는 유의미한 차이를 보이지는 않았다(p=.739). 그러나 장기기증에 대한 지식과 태도가 정적인 상관관계를 보이며(r=0.117, p=.030), 장기기증 의향에 따라 장기기증 태도의 차이가 유의하게 나타났다(p<.001). 따라서 장기기증에 대한 윤리적 태도에 초점을 둔 간호교육을 통해 장기기증 인식 변화를 꾀할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 생명의료 윤리의식은 비판적 사고를 통해 도덕적 차원의 검토를 실행하는 것이라고 할 때, 비판적 사고의 함양을 통해 장기기증에 대한 윤리적 태도와 지식을 고취할 수 있는 교육을 시행해야 할 것이다.

1970년에 발표된 모리슨의 첫 번째 소설 가장 푸른 눈, 1998년 발표된 7번째 소설 낙원, 2012년에 출간된 집 등은 1940년대에서 1970년대까지 비슷한 시기를 배경으로 삼고 있지만, 각 작품에 등장하는 기독교인들은 매우 상이하게 묘사되고 있다. 가장 푸른 눈에 등장하는 세 명의 기독교인 폴린, 제럴딘, 소우프헤드 등은 모두 아프리카계 미국인으로서의 정체성에서 벗어나 백인들의 삶을 모방한 부정적인 인물들로 비판받는다. 낙원에서는 스튜어드와 디컨 형제가 주축이 된 루비 마을 기독교인들의 경직된 종교관이 비판받지만 한편 회개한 디컨과 미즈너 목사를 통해 기독교인에 대한 희망을 남긴다. 작품 집에서 교회와 목사에 대한 평가는 호의적이다. 로크 목사는 프랭크가 과거를 찾아 정체성을 회복하는 여행을 시작하도록 돕고 고향의 이웃 여인들은 육체적, 정신적으로 죽음의 위기에 놓인 씨를 회복시킨다. 세 작품을 통해 아프리카계 기독교인들이 노예 성향의 백인 모방자에서 당당한 봉사자로 성장하는 모습을 확인하게 된다.

The aim of this study was to investigate the actual conditions underlying frequency of eating breakfast and nutritional attitudes in elementary school students in Chungnam area. Students had the highest ratio for eating breakfast everyday and spent 10-20 minutes eating breakfast. Students went to bed at 10-11 PM and woke up at 7-7:30 AM in the morning on average. The biggest reason for skipping breakfast was insufficient time in the morning. Additionally, favorite breakfast menu of subjects was a Korean style meal. The number of elementary students that recognized necessity of nutritional education was highest among subjects. Favorite educational method of subjects was education by teachers. Additionally, number of female students that recognized effect of breakfast on health status was significantly higher than boy students. Ratio of eating breakfast everyday was dependent on BMI value. Most subjects preferred video learning materials as the main nutritional education method. Overweight subjects showed the highest ratio for eating with loss of willpower compared to other students when they skipped the breakfast. Female subjects ate a greater variety of foods compared to male students, and showed better nutritional attitudes towards a desirable dietary life than male subjects. To prevent undesirable food habits and improve intake of various nutrients, systematic nutrition education is required to regulate breakfast of elementary students.

This study set out to investigate consumers' attitudes toward pro-environment, and their actual purchasing behavior. It aimed to empirically examine the effects of the consumers' attitudes toward pro-environmental products, the importance of the product attributes and the perceived value of the companies' environmental activities, on their purchasing behavior of eco-friendly fashion products, including their satisfaction, trust, and repurchase intention. The questionnaires were administered on 304 married women with previous experience of buying eco-friendly fashion products. The results were as follows. First, the consumers' behavioral patterns in terms of environmental concerns and the purchasing of eco-friendly household items were significantly positive in relation to the purchasing behaviors of eco-friendly fashion products. Second, the importance of eco-friendly attributes was significantly positive in relation to the purchasing behaviors of eco-friendly fashion products. Third, the perceived value of corporate environmental activity was not related to the purchasing behaviors of eco-friendly fashion products. Finally, the purchasing behavior of eco-friendly fashion products was significantly positive in relation to the satisfaction with eco-friendly fashion products as well as the trust and repurchase intention, and satisfaction and trust positively affected the repurchase intention. The implication of the research and direction for future study were discussed.

To contribute to the globalization of Korean food, a Korean food culture publicity event was conducted at Hayabusa Station, Tottori Province, Japan. This study investigated and analyzed recognition and preferences towards Korean food in participants at the event. The method of information acquisition was also analyzed. Most participants had prior experience eating Korean food. As for information, participants responded that they were affected by public media such as dramas, and the most effective way of getting information was participating in lectures. This study also investigated intake of 20 kinds of Korean food and found highest preferences for bibimbap, kimchi, naengmyeon, and galbigui, in that order. The main motive for participating in the Korean food culture publicity event was a desire to experience a new culture. Further, satisfaction, intention to participate, and intention to recommend Korean food were high. These attitudes had significant effects on the intention to visit Korea. In the future, Korean food culture publicity events held in foreign lands can contribute to Korean tourism.

본 연구의 목적은 개념스케치를 활용한 탐구 문제 해결 수업이 판구조론에 대한 개념 변화와 과학 관련 태도에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 데 있다. 연구의 대상은 경기도 안성시 소재 K 고등학교 2학년 2개 반이다. 수업 처치 전에, 판구조론에 대한 학생들의 선개념을 조사하기 위해 개념 검사가 실시되었다. 비교 집단은 전통적 수업을, 실험 집단은 개념스케치를 활용한 탐구 문제 해결 수업을 적용하였다. 수업 적용이 끝난 후에 실험 집단과 비교 집단의 과학 관련 태도 변화를 알아보기 위해 과학 관련 태도 검사지(TOSRA)를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 수업처치에 따른 판구조론에 대한 개념 변화는 비교 집단보다 실험 집단에서 개념 이해도가 더 높게 향상되어 개념스케치를 활용한 탐구 문제 해결 수업이 올바른 개념 변화에 더 효과적임을 알 수 있었고, 과학 관련 태도는 실험 집단의 경우 '과학자의 평범성', '과학 수업의 즐거움', '과학에 대한 취미로서의 관심'의 범주에서 통계적으로 유의미한 증가가 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과로 개념스케치를 활용한 탐구 문제 해결 수업이 판구조론에 대한 개념 변화와 과학 관련 태도에 긍정적인 변화를 준다는 것을 확인하였다.

For decades, marketing practitioners and scholars have envisioned that environmental characteristics of market offerings will become an important consumer concern (Grant 2007; Henion 1981; Kassarjian 1971; Kotler 2011; Ottmann 2011) and a myriad of consumer surveys indicated that consumers are willing to change their purchase and consumption habits for a better environment (Banikarim 2010; Ferguson and Goldman 2010; Imkamp 2000; Laroche, Bergeron and Barbaro-Forleo 2001). However, consumers’ actual adoption of environmental market offerings has been far below what had been expected and predicted so far (Connolly et al. 2006; Davis 1993; do Paço and Varejâo 2010; Kilbournes 1998; Horne 2009). To bridge the gap between consumers’ stated interests in and attitudes regarding adoption of eco-friendly market offerings and their actual adoption of eco-friendly market offerings, marketers need an accurate understanding of: 1) what determines consumers’ willingness and propensity to adopt eco-friendly market offerings and consumption behaviors, 2) how those individual, social, and marketing determinants of eco-friendly consumer behaviors are interrelated with each other, 3) where consumers stand currently in terms of those determinants, and 4) what needs to be done to remove the bottlenecks in the adoption and diffusion processes. To provide answers to above four aspects of eco-friendly consumer behaviors, this paper attempts to advance a more theoretically-based and comprehensive model of eco-friendly consumer behavior than extant models by incorporating recent findings of research on determinants of pro-environmental consumer behaviors and integrating various relevant theories of attitude-behavior links including the value-belief-norm theory, the theory of reasoned action, and the elaboration likelihood model. The structural validity and generalizability of the proposed model is tested based on two sets of survey data collected from consumers in the U.S. Midwest region and a metropolitan area surrounding Seoul, the capital city of Korea. The findings of the empirical study demonstrate that while the proposed model explains eco-friendly consumer behaviors by both the U.S. and Korean consumers, the relative importance of the predictors of eco-friendly consumer behaviors vary between the two groups of consumers. The analysis of the data also reveals that consumers in the two groups differ significantly from each other on many variables which are included as direct and indirect determinants of eco-friendly consumer behaviors in the proposed model. Together, the findings provide interesting and practical implications for strategies to facilitate consumer adoption of eco-friendly market offerings.

This study explores the concept of religiosity and determines how it affects a consumer's preference of socialization agents. It is shown that higher degrees of religiosity cause an individual to utilize personal socialization agents for final purchase decisions. The authors then show and discuss how the socialization agents chosen by a consumer influence how a consumer favors moral advertising or tolerates offensive advertising. Results gleaned from the analysis show that higher use of personal socialization agents will cause an individual to have lower tolerance of offensive advertising and higher favoritism toward moral advertising. Religious affiliation is also found to play a moderating role for religious individuals when determining the use of socialization agents. Two countries were chosen, Korea and America, to conduct a find common ground on the types of advertising that is considered favorable or offensive by both of the two very different cultures and peoples.