본 연구에서는 해양공간 통합관리 수단의 지원책으로 활용되는 해양공간 정책 시뮬레이터 기술에 대한 한국, 중국, 일본, 미국, 유럽 등 주요 5개국에 대한 정량분석을 위한 유효특허 1,474건을 도출하고, 연도별, 국가별 특허출원 동향 및 워드 클라우드 분석을 통해 국내 기술 경쟁력 및 국내·외 기술 트렌드를 파악하였다. 분석 결과 해양공간 정책 시뮬레이터 기술의 경우 중국(1,254건, 85.1%) 주도의 특허출원이 활발하게 이루어지고 있으며, 세부 기술별로는 어업환경 변화예측 및 활용 시뮬레이터(AC)가 392건(26.6%)으로 가장 높은 것 으로 나타난다. 핵심 키워드 변화를 통해 최근에는 다중 데이터의 수집과 데이터의 탐지, 예측, 평가 등으로 기술 트렌드가 이루어지고 있 음을 확인하였으며, 중국 주도의 시장 독과점 및 선점에 대비하기 위해 주변 기술에 대한 특허출원 고려 및 표준화 선점 등의 연계 전략 을 통한 대비와 정부 차원의 해양공간 정책 시뮬레이터 기술 연구개발에 대한 적극적인 정책적 지원이 필요함을 진단하였다.

For the disposal of radioactive waste generated from nuclear power plants, characterization of radioactive waste is essential. For characterization, samples of radioactive waste are directly collected or an indirect method is used through X-ray, etc. Through indirect analysis, which is a non-destructive method, the density, filling height, homogeneity and inter structure of the waste container can be analyzed. Currently, foreign institutions are in the process of developing a technology to perform characterization of radioactive waste through indirect analysis. In particular, research on improving internal image accuracy through image analysis techniques, improving measurement methods and enhancing portability for field application is ongoing. Through the review of such technology development trends, it will be utilized in the development of domestic radioactive waste disposal technolgy.

The purpose of this study is to use the hybrid steam-solvent process, because it is created in the form of water, bitumen, and water/bitumen emulsion by hot steam, so effective separation is required. Methods for separating the emulsion include a chemical separation method by adding a chemical, a separation method using an electrostatic property, a separation method using a membrane, a separation method using a microwave, and the like. Among them, the most used method is the separation method using a chemical, and it is reported that the separation efficiency of the emulsion is the best. In this study, a method for efficiently separating bitumen emulsions using a chemical separation method adding an emulsifier was investigated. In particular, technological trends in oil sand oil treatment technology were analyzed based on patent analysis.

Additive manufacturing technology is recognized as an optimal technology for mass-customized distributed production because it can yield products with high design freedom by applying an automated production system. However, the introduction of novel technologies to the additive manufacturing industry is generally delayed, and technology uncertainty has been pointed out as one of the main causes. This paper presents the results of the research and analysis of current standardization trends that are related to additive manufacturing by examining the hierarchical structure of the quality system along with the various industry and evaluation standards. Consequently, it was confirmed that the currently unfolding standardization does not sufficiently reflect the characteristics of additive manufacturing technology, and rather can become a barrier to entry for market participants or an element that suppresses the lateral shearing ability of additive manufacturing technology.

신선 버섯의 수확 후 관리 기술은 2000년대까지 출원의 증가와 감소를 반복하는 경향을 보이다가 2010년대에 들어서 꾸준한 증가세를 나타내고 있어, 신선 농산물의 수확 후 관리 기술이 시대의 흐름에 부합하는 기술임을 알 수 있다. 주요 출원인에 대한 특허출원은 일본이 전체 출원 중에서 가장 많은 특허를 출원하였으며 대부분의 국가에서 내국인의 특허출원 비중이 높게 나타나 자국 중심의 출원 경향을 보이고 있다. 신선 버섯의 수확 후 포장 기술은 초반에 출원인 및 출원 건수가 감소하였다가, 최근 출원인 및 출원 건수가 증가하여 회복기 단계에 있으며, 저장기술은 최근 출원인 수와 출원 건수가 대폭 증가하여 성장기의 단계로 평가된다. 신선 버섯의 수확 후 관리 기술은 주로 다국적 기업과 국가 연구기관에서 다수의 특허를 보유하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 해당 기술의 연구개발 및 상업화가 활발하게 이루어지고 있음을 시사하였다.

The transition from “More-of-Less” markets (economies of scale) to “Less-of-More” markets (economies of scope) is supported by advances of disruptive manufacturing and reconfigurable-supply-chain management technologies. With the prevalence of cyber-physical manufacturing systems, additive manufacturing technology is of great impact on industry, the economy, and society. Traditionally, backbone structures are built via bottom-up manufacturing with either pre-fabricated building blocks such as bricks or with layer-by-layer concrete casting such as climbing form-work casting. In both cases, the design selection is limited by form-work design and cost. Accordingly, the tool-less building of architecture with high design freedom is attractive. In the present study, we review the technological trends of additive manufacturing for construction-scale additive manufacturing in particular. The rapid tooling of patterns or molds and rapid manufacturing of construction parts or whole structures is extensively explored through uncertainties from technology. The future regulation still has drawbacks in the adoption of additive manufacturing in construction industries.

수처리 분리막 분야에서 고분자는 세라믹과 함께 가장 중요한 소재로 이용되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 이러한 고분자 분리막 소재의 기술동향을 상용화 제품을 중심으로 분석하고자 하였으며, 이를 위하여 수처리 분리막의 종류에 따라 MF (Microfiltration), UF (Ultrafiltration), NF (Nanofiltration)/RO (Reverse Osmosis) 분리막으로 구분하여, 국가별, 소재별, 회사 별 고분자 분리막 제품 동향을 살펴보았다. 이를 통하여, 각 분리막 종류별로 주로 사용되고 있는 소재의 종류를 파악할 수 있었으며, 동시에 시장 지배적인 위치에 있는 업체들을 파악하고 이들 업체들이 어떤 소재들로 제품 포트폴리오를 구성하고 있는지 분석할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 각각의 분리막 종류에 따른 소재 시장의 특징을 제시하였으며, 이런 특징을 바탕으로 각 시장에 신규로 진입하기 위한 기술 개발 전략을 제안하였다.

본 연구의 목적은 미국, 유럽에 출원된 기후기술관련 특허의 특성을 분석하고 지재권 소송경향을 파악하여 우수한 기후기술에 대한 지재권 제도가 원활하게 활용되도록 제언함에 있다. 기후변화관련 유효특허 중 기술 분류상에서는 감축기술이, 국가별로는 미국이 유럽보다 더 많은 비중을 차지하고 있었다. 기후변화 감축, 적응, 리스크 예측 등 기후기술영역별로 지재권의 보호를 통해 배타적인 권리를 부여하는 것은 발명의 진흥에는 도움이 되지만 기술공유에는 장애가 될 여지도 있다. 이에, 특허법상 특허권 이전 및 공유에 대한 제도를 활용하거나, 「기후변화적응법」(안),「환경기술 및 환경산업 지원법」,등의 제·개정을 통한 제도적인 보완책도 가능하다. 또한 기후변화 관련 소송에 있어 최근의 주요한 소송전략으로서 공공신탁이론을 활용한 사례와 헌법 및 인권주장의 사용한 사례를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 2015년을 기점으로 공공신탁이론과 헌법 및 인권주장이 기후변화 소송에 사용되고 그러한 주장이 법원에 의해 받아들여지면서 개별국가의 책임성이 보다 강조되고 있다. 이런 경향성에 따라 각국은 기후변화에 대처하는 다양한 정책을 개발할 필요성이 제기되고 있는데, 지적재산권과 관련하여서도 새로운 특허개발의 촉진ᆞ개발된 특허의 국가간 이전 등 다양한 정책방안이 마련될 토대가 형성되는 상황이다. 국가책임을 강조하는 현 소송경향을 반영하여, 특허매입 및 실시권 제도의 활용, 자유실시 제도, 강제실시권의 적용 폭을 넓힌다면 범지구적 기후변화 문제를 해결할 기후기술의 지재권을 보호하면서도 기술공유의 공익성도 증진시킬 것으로 판단된다.

Colloidally synthesized luminescent nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their unique nanoscale optical and electronic properties. The emission properties of these NCs can be precisely tuned by controlling their size, shape, and composition as well as by introducing appropriate dopant impurities. Nowadays, these NCs are actively utilized for various applications such as optoelectronic devices including light emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, and solar cells, and bio-medical applications such as imaging agents and bio-sensors. In this review, we classify luminescent nanomaterials into quantum dots (QDs), upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), and perovskite NCs and present their intrinsic emission mechanism. Furthermore, the recently emerging issues of efficiency, toxicity, and durability in these materials are discussed for better understanding of industry demands. As well, the future outlook will be offered for researchers to guide the direction of future research.

Our research is aimed at predicting recent trend and leading technology for the future and providing optimal Nano technology trend information by analyzing Nano technology trend. Under recent global market situation, Users’ needs and the technology to meet these needs are changing in real time. At this point, Nano technology also needs measures to reduce cost and enhance efficiency in order not to fall behind the times. Therefore, research like trend analysis which uses search data to satisfy both aspects is required. This research consists of four steps. We collect data and select keywords in step 1, detect trends based on frequency and create visualization in step 2, and perform analysis using data mining in step 3. This research can be used to look for changes of trend from three perspectives. This research conducted analysis on changes of trend in terms of major classification, Nano technology of 30’s, and key words which consist of relevant Nano technology. Second, it is possible to provide real-time information. Trend analysis using search data can provide information depending on the continuously changing market situation due to the real-time information which search data includes. Third, through comparative analysis it is possible to establish a useful corporate policy and strategy by apprehending the trend of the United States which has relatively advanced Nano technology. Therefore, trend analysis using search data like this research can suggest proper direction of policy which respond to market change in a real time, can be used as reference material, and can help reduce cost.

A three-dimensional physical part can be fabricated from a three-dimensional digital model in a layer-wise manner via additive manufacturing (AM) technology, which is different from the conventional subtractive manufacturing technology. Numerous studies have been conducted to take advantage of the AM opportunities to penetrate bespoke custom product markets, functional engineering part markets, volatile low-volume markets, and spare part markets. Nevertheless, materials issues, machines issues, product issues, and qualification/certification issues still prevent the AM technology from being extensively adopted in industries. The present study briefly reviews the standard classification, technological structures, industrial applications, technological advances, and qualification/certification activities of the AM technology. The economics, productivity, quality, and reliability of the AM technology should be further improved to pass through the technology adoption lifecycle of innovation technology. The AM technology is continuously evolving through the introduction of PM materials, hybridization of AM and conventional manufacturing technologies, adoption of process diagnostics and control systems, and enhanced standardization of the whole lifecycle qualification and certification methodology.

The balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum) has been used as food material and traditional medicine in Asia. Using 1,603 valid patents from 6 countries, we analyzed the patent trend based on year, countries, applicants, and technology. The technologies are categorized into 6 groups which include material, additives, manufacture, cultivation, breeding and seed. The technology competitiveness of countries were analyzed with quantitative factors such as cites per patent, patent impact index, patent family size and technology strength. In comparison with other countries in the patent index, South Korea shows an increasing trend in patent numbers and total leverage ability, although the individual technology is lower than Japan and USA. Our study provides information on technical trend to support the performance of new projects on balloon flower.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is defined as the manufacture of three-dimensional tangible products by additively consolidating two-dimensional patterns layer by layer. In this review, we introduce four fundamental conceptual pillars that support AM technology: the bottom-up manufacturing factor, computer-aided manufacturing factor, distributed manufacturing factor, and eliminated manufacturing factor. All the conceptual factors work together; however, business strategy and technology optimization will vary according to the main factor that we emphasize. In parallel to the manufacturing paradigm shift toward mass personalization, manufacturing industrial ecology evolves to achieve competitiveness in economics of scope. AM technology is indeed a potent candidate manufacturing technology for satisfying volatile and customized markets. From the viewpoint of the innovation technology adoption cycle, various pros and cons of AM technology themselves prove that it is an innovative technology, in particular a disruptive innovation in manufacturing technology, as powder technology was when ingot metallurgy was dominant. Chasms related to the AM technology adoption cycle and efforts to cross the chasms are considered.