간행물
한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집
- 발행기관 한국응용곤충학회
- 자료유형 학술대회
- 간기 반년간
- 수록기간 2000 ~ 2024
- 주제분류 농수해양 > 농학 농수해양 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 495DDC 595
권호리스트/논문검색
2012 한국응용곤충학회 추계학술발표회 (2012년 10월) 189건
구두발표
61.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Insects in temperate climate zones are challenged to endure harsh temperature regimes and the absence of food resources during winter. Many insects overwinter in diapause at different sites. The overwintering sites differ according to the insect species. The study was conducted to investigate the overwintering sites between the two orchard systems for the Grapholita molesta larvae. Overwintering sites of Grapholita molesta were found different between apple grafting systems. More individuals favored the side branches and main bottom trunk as overwintering sites in big tree system (M26) and in dwarf grafting high density system (M9) respectively. There was no significant different between M9 and M26 cultivars in the relative proportion of larvae. However, significant differences were found in the interaction between the overwintering sites and the two M9 and M26 cultivar orchard systems. The natural mortality from the field was estimated as 22.1% and 18.3% from dwarfing, high density orchards and the big tree orchard systems respectively. This study provides valuable information and guidelines to understand the major overwintering sites within different orchard systems for scheduling management actions against spring adult moths population emergence.
62.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), is one of the most serious pests in cabbage cultivation. Field survey was carried out to know the insecticide resistance levels and to develop the applicable insecticide resistant markers in five main cabbage cultivation regions (Pyeong-chang, Hong-cheon, Bong-wha, Mu-ju and Je-ju) during 2009 to 2011. M. persicae can resist a wide range of insecticides in five surveyed local populations. Therefore multi resistant (MR) strain was selected from these five local populations and esterase over-expression, modified AChE (MACE) and mutation(s) in para-type sodium channel were analyzed using native IEF and quantitative sequencing with five local populations. Esterase over-expression and MACE (StoF mutation) were observed in all populations including MR strain. LtoF mutation is well known as a kdr mutation in para-type sodium channel. However, even though LC50 values of MR strain noted over 2,000 times higher than that of susceptible strain against bifenthrin, LtoF mutation was not detected in para type sodium channel and also local populations. We found another mutation (MtoL) in para and that mutation highly correlated between mutation ratio and bioassay data. For preliminary resistance monitoring, we developed quantitative sequencing (QS) to detect the frequencies of point mutation as a population genotyping. These methods can apply to manage M. persicae resistant populations in field.
63.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera:Aphididae), is a highly polyphagous pest that directly or indirectly damages cultivated plants. Six field-collected populations of cotton aphid, A. gossypii (BY-A, BY-B, YJ-A, YJ-B, CJ-A, and CJ-B) were tested for susceptibility to 14 different insecticides. Most population exhibited high to very high levels of resistance to neonicotinoid. Among them, a strain showing resistance to imidacloprid were selected and showed 1,543-fold in resistance as compared with susceptible strain. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO), diethyl maleate (DEM), and S,S,S tributyl-phosphorothiolate (DEF) failed to synergize imidacloprid in this resistant population. In addition, the activity of detoxification enzymes (P450, EST, GST) were no differences between susceptibility and imidalcoprid resistance strain. However, by analyzing the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β1 subunit loop D, R81T point mutation was detected in BY-A, BY-B, YJ-A, and YJ-B strain.
64.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
이전 연구에서 protease inhibitor중의 하나인 tannic acid와 파밤나방에 활성이 높은 7 종의 Bacillus thuringiensis에 각각 혼합 처리하여 파밤나방에 살충활성을 실험한 결과, B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki KB100에서만 뚜렷한 상승효과를 보였고 tannic acid가 중장액의 protease중 trypsin의 활성을 가장 잘 억제하는 결과를 보였다. 이를 바탕으로 파밤나방 중장액과 trypsin에 대한 tannic acid와 B. thuringiensis strains와의 특성을 비교하고자 파밤나방 중장액 또는 trypsin과 40mM tannic acid를 섞어 반응시킨 후, 7 종의 B. thuringiensis strains parasporal inclusion에 처리하여 단백질의 분해억제 정도를 알아보기 위해 SDS-PAGE를 수행하였다. 그 결과 모든 7 균주의 parasporal inclusion이 약 133kDa크기의 단백질밴드를 나타내는 것으로 보아 분해가 억제된 것을 확인하였다. 반면에 파밤나방 중장액과의 반응에서는 뚜렷한 분해억제 정도를 보인 균은 KB100균주뿐이었다. 그 이외의 6 균주의 parasporal inclusion에서는 약 60~70kDa크기의 단백질밴드를 나타내 중장액에 의해 분해되는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 tannic acid는 파밤나방 중장액의 trypsin의 활성을 억제한다고 할 수 있다. 또한. B. thuringiensis KB100균주의 경우에는 다른 6 종의 균주들과는 달리 parasporal inclusion이 tannic acid에 특이적으로 분해가 더욱 억제되어 약 133kDa의 단백질 밴드를 나타낸 것으로 사료된다.
65.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Insect-killing (entomopathogenic) fungi have high potential for controlling agriculturally harmful pests. However, their pathogenicity is slow and this is one reason for their poor acceptance as a fungal insecticide. The expression of bumblebee, Bombus ignitus, venom serine protease (VSP) by Beauveria bassiana (ERL1170) induced melanization of yellow spotted longicorn beetles (Psacothea hilaris) as an over-reactive immune response, and caused substantially earlier mortality in beet armyworm (Spodopetra exigua) larvae when compared to the wild type. No fungal outgrowth or sporulation was observed on the melanized insects, thus suggesting a self-restriction of the dispersal of the genetically modified fungus in the environment. The fungal transformant also shows mammal fibrinolytic activity, by which the transformant can be used pharmaceutically. The research is the first use of a multi-functional bumblebee VSP to significantly increase the speed of fungal pathogenicity, while minimizing the dispersal of the fungal transformant in the environment.
66.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Saemankeum is the largest region, changed into reclaimed region in Korea, recently. The first purpose of Saemankeum reclaimed region is the development of new farmland. Since 2006, the construction of embankment, Saemankeum region has been isolated from the sea, slowly dried and changed into the land. In order to examine the change of reclaimed region related with the formation of new farmland, we examined the soil chemical properties and the emergences of the soil mesofauna and flora in Saemankeum reclaimed region in 2006, 2011, separately. We investigated three locations in Saemankeun in pedological parameters - pH, organic matter, P2O5, SiO2, EC, T-N, Ex. Cation and CEC. Also, soil mesofauna groups, such as Diplura, Homoptera, Coleoptera, Dilptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Collembola, Acari, Annelida, etc, have been examined. Pedological parameters were improved, not enough for agriculture and many kinds of soil animal were newly appeared in reclaimed region. Additionally, new flora was formed and slowly changed into various communities.
67.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
일반적으로 곤충의 영양성분은 단백질과 지방, 광물질 및 비타민을 풍부히 함유하고 있고, 아미노산 조성은 대부분의 케이스에서 곡물이나 콩류에 비해 우수하고 단쇄불포화지방산이 풍부하다. 이에 곤충을 이용한 사료는 매우 안전하고 저단가의 고품질 단백질 사료의 생산을 가능하게 할 수 있기에 사료용 곤충 갈색거저리 특성을 파악하고자 하였다.
갈색거저리는 성충이 된 후 빠르게는 5일 이후부터 산란하기 시작하여 성충 전기간동안 산란하는 특성이 있으나, 주로 성충 초기･중기 기간에 집중적으로 산란하는 것을 확인하였다. 수명 및 산란성을 조사한 결과, 수명(암컷/수컷) 152.4/150.7일, 산란전기간 7.8일, 산란기간 평균 114.1일, 산란수 364개이었다. 또한 성충은 먹이에 알을 붙여서 산란하는 특성이 있으며, 사육상자 내 곡물류, 채소류 등 함께 사용 시 밀기울이 가장 산란선호성이 높았으나, 각 재료를 단독으로 사용 시 밀기울, 옥수수분말이 선호도가 높았다. 알의 색깔은 유백색, 크기는 장경 1.93㎜, 단경 1.00㎜이었다. 알 보호온도별 부화율은 17.5~27.5℃일 경우 80%이상이었으나, 15℃이하에서는 거의 부화되지 않았다.
68.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Bark beetles are recently considered as important forest insect pests in several countries. Damage of bark beetles has increased in Korea, and monitoring of these beetles become important. However, there has been no study on development of monitoring skill on bark beetles in Korea. In this study, we tested the attractiveness of (-)-α-pinene, ethanol, (-)-α-pinene+ethanol for monitoring of bark beetles. Some bark beetles strongly attracted to (-)-α-pinene or (-)-α-pinene+ethanol. Some ambrosia beetles strongly attracted to ethanol. Our results indicated that (-)-α-pinene, ethanol, or (-)-α-pinene+ethanol could be useful infochemicals for the monitoring of bark beetles.
69.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Terrestrial toxic effects of soil arsenate were studied using a model system consisting of Capsicum annum, Myzus persicae, Aphidus colemani. We investigated the transfer of arsenic from soil to aphid and toxic effect of elevated arsenic on each trophic level. Artificial soil was treated with arsenate at 0, 2 and 6 mg/kg, then arsenic concentration of soil, plant tissues (root, stem, leaf) aphids were measured to observe the arsenic transfer. Toxic effects of elevated arsenic concentrations on each species were investigated at population level. Physiological and biochemical responses of plant and aphid were observed. In addition, enzyme activities against reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by arsenic stress were also investigated. Host choice capacity and parasitism success of the parasitoids were examined. The results suggest that arsenic concentration in plant tissues and aphids were elevated with increased concentration of arsenic in soils. Physiological responses of plants were not affected by soil arsenic but there was change of biochemical responses. Decreased fecundity and honeydew excretion of aphids were observed, elevated activity of antioxidant enzymes indicated that aphids received the ROS stress induced by arsenic. Decreased eclosion rate of parasitoids were observed with increased arsenic treatment in soil. The results showed low concentration of arsenic in soil can transfer through food chain and can impact on higher trophic level species.
70.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Spatial association of entomopathogenic and free-living nematode populations were analyzed at the landscape scale. Free-living nematodes were classified into functional guilds based on their trophic level (i.e. bacterivores, carnivores, fungivores, and omnivores) and life history characteristics (i.e. r-selected colonizing versus K-selected persisting species) in the soil ecosystem. Differences in life history traits were hypothesized to result in different spatial associations of populations. Spatial aggregation indices were calculated for each nematode group. Spatial associations were analyzed and compared for entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) and each trophic/life history group of free-living nematodes based on spatial analysis of distance indices (SADIE). Spatial aggregation indices (Ia) revealed that taxa with more K-selected persisting life history were less aggregated in their habitat, whereas more r-selected colonizer life history types showed more aggregation. Spatial aggregation index of EPN populations was similar to that of relatively r-selected colonizer type free-living nematodes, which share several life history traits including high reproductive rates and insect phoresy. There were substantial spatial associations between EPN and r-selected colonizer life history free-living nematode taxa.
71.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Cimicomorpha is one of the most diverse groups in true bugs, and attract a great attention for a variety of reasons, among them, extraordinary insemination methods in the bed bugs and their relatives (Cimicoidea), feeding-habits alternations in the plant bugs (Miridae), parasitism in the bed bugs and their relatives (Cimicidae and Polyctenidae), agricultural pests in the lace bugs and the plant bugs (Tingidae and Miridae), biological control agents in the minute pirate bugs and the plant bugs (e.g., the genus Orius), disease transmission in the Triatominae (Reduviidae), and micro-habitat transition in the assassin bugs and the flower bugs (Reduviidae and Anthocoridae). In this talk, we propose the phylogenetic relationships within the Cimicomorpha especially including some critical taxa in terms of the biological traits such as haemocoelic insemination and parasitism (e.g., the species belonging to Lasiochilidae, Lyctocoridae, Prostemminae and Corydromius). Based on the phylogenetic results, we also present the evolutionary history of the specialized biological traits of the Cimicomorpha using phylogenetic comparative analyses.
72.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Termites are a major problem for home and business owners around the world. Termites gnaw through wood and burrow under the foundations of buildings causing a great deal of damage to the structure of the building. Phosphine (PH3) is very effective fumigant and is widely used to control pests. PH3 rapidly penetrate through treated material, so it replaced many conventional fumigants for treatment of durable materials. In this study, we have investigated the effectiveness of PH3 fumigation on wood pests, Reticulitermes speratus kyushuensis. We evaluated two bioassay methods; wooden cube (10×10×10 cm) and insect breeding dish in comparison with effectiveness of PH3 penetrations into the timber block. Fumigation to adults of R. speratus was carried in a desiccator system for 24 h at 5 and 15℃. As a result, LC99 of PH3 to R. speratus in wooden cubes and insect breeding dish at 5℃ was 0.183 and 0.177 mg L-1, respectively. LC99 of PH3 in wooden cubes and insect breeding dish at 15℃ was 0.077 and 0.078 mg L-1, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two bioassay methods. Thess results indicate that PH3 described herein merit further study as potential fumigants for termite control.
73.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
74.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Insecticidal and repellent activity of sandalwood oil (Santalum austrocaledonium) and its components was tested against cotton aphid , Aphis gossypii in laboratory and field. The activity was estimated by calculating survival rate of aphid after application of sandalwood oil and its components. Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry led to identification of 5 compounds, alpha-santatol, bergamotol, epi-beta-santalol, and beta-satalol. The components of sandalwood oil was isolated by column chromatography for testing insecticidal and repellent activity. Santalol showed strong insecticidal and repellent activity as a commercial insecticide, imidachloprid. Sandalwood oil and isolated alpha-santatol and beta-santatol also showed strong insecticidal and repellent activity, however there was no significant difference among them.
75.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
2011년 기준 국내 절화의 해외 수출액은 약 70백만불 수준으로, 이 중 5~10%가 검역해충으로 인해 수입국 현지 소독처리 되고 있다.
수입국의 현지 검역관리를 위해 사용 중인 Methyl bromide 훈증제는 오존층 파괴 물질로 향후 사용 제한될 예정이며, 절화 처리 시 약해로 인한 절화 품질 손상과 상품가격 하락으로 이어져 수출법인이 막대한 피해를 입고 있어 수입국의 검역 리스크를 감소시키고 수출절화의 품질을 유지 시킬 수 있는 MB 대체 훈증기술이 요구되고 있다.
본 연구에서는 MB 대체 훈증제인 phosphine 가스를 이용하여 수출절화장미의 검역해충 방제 효과를 검정하고자 소규모 실증시험 및 절화 수출 전문업체인 농업회사법인(주)로즈피아와의 현장적용평가를 실시하였다. 소규모 실증시험에서 절화장미의 주요 해충인 점박이응애, 꽃노랑총채벌레에 대한 99.9% 방제 CTP는 각각 33.6g h/m3, 17.9g h/m3로 확인되었으며, 절화장미 4개 품종에 대한 약해가 없었다. 40ft 절화 수출용 저온컨테이너를 이용한 현장시험에서는 PH3 2% 가스훈증제(상표명 비바킬)를 4℃에서 100g/m3, 15시간 처리 시 점박이응애, 담배가루이, 꽃노랑총채벌레를 99.9% 이상 방제하였으며, 절화장미 14종에 대한 유통 중 약해가 없어 향후 수출절화장미 검역훈증제로서 상업화 가능할 것으로 기대된다.
76.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Bee-vectoring 기술은 벌이 작물에서 방화활동을 하는 동안 미생물제제를 식물체의 꽃이나 잎 등에 전파함으로써 병해충 방제를 가능케 하는 새로운 방제기술로 매개곤충, 미생물제제, 분배장치가 중요한 기술요소가 된다. 국내에서는 박 등(2009)에 의해 소개되었고, 지난 몇 년간의 연구에서 벌의 활동량, 제제 매개량을 높일 수 있는 분배 장치 등의 개발이 이루어져 왔다. 그러나, 수정벌이 안전하게 매개할 수 있는 미생물제제의 선발은 아직까지 이루어지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 상업화된 미생물제제 제품중에서 이용 가능한 미생물제제를 선발하고자, 소형 케이지내에 농과원에서 개발한 분배장치를 뒤영벌 벌통에 연결하고, 벌이 분배장치를 통해 미생물제제를 묻혀나갈 때 벌에 묻혀나가는 양, 소형케이지내 벌의 활동성, 벌에 대한 안전성 등을 측정하였다. 벌의 사망률이 낮고, 벌의 활동에 부정적인 영향을 주지 않는 제제는 Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki, Bacillus subtilis QST713, Bacillus subtilis Y1336, Simplicillium lamelicola BCP 였다. 또한 Bacillus subtilis QST713을 농가포장에서 검정한 결과, 소형케이지 시험과 일치되는 결과를 얻어 케이지시험이 미생물제제를 선발하는데 유용하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
77.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Sora Kim, Kyu-Tek Park, Bong-Kyu Byun, Bong-Woo Lee, Hyojoong Kim, Sunghoon Jung, Wonhoon Lee, Seunghwan Lee
The family Pterophoridae (Lepidoptera), plume moths, consist of 1,136 species listed in the ‘world catalogue’ by Gielis (2003), and a few more described since then. Approximately 250 species are known in the Palaearctic Regions (Arenberger, 1995).
In this study, 35 species of 21 genera have been reviewed from Korea (Matsumura 1931, 1938; Zoological Society of Korea 1968; Park 1983; Arenberger 1991; Kim et al., 2010a, 2010b, 2012a, 2012b). We suggest the problematic species, Platyptilia ignifera, is morphologically and genetically separated from congeneric species supporting the possibility as a new genus, and employ the classification system of Arenberger (1995) rather than that of Gielis (1993) using parsimony based on morphological characters.
78.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The phylogeny of the subfamily Sciarinae is reconstructed by the result of maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference of 4,809 bp from two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and two nuclear (18S and 28S) genes. The current subfamily Sciarinae is polyphyletic, since the genera Chaetosciara, Mouffetina, Schwenckfeldina, and Scythropochroa are grouped separately as the sister clade of other subfamilies. The monophyly of the genera Chaetosciara, Sciara, Scythropochroa, and Trichosia s. str. is strongly supported; however, the genus Leptosciarella s. l. is polyphyletic due to the separation of subgenus Leptosciarella (Leptospina) as a sister taxa of remaining Sciarinae (Leptosciarella s. str., Sciara, and Trichosia s. str.). The classification of the Sciarinae is revised and discussed on the basis of molecular phylogenetic hypotheses.
79.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
최근 기후변화와 개발로 인하여 생물다양성이 크게 감소하고 있다. IPCC 보고서(2007)에 따르면 2050년이 되면 지구에 서식하는 종의 20～30%가 절멸의 위험이 있다고 보고하였다. 최근 100년 간 지구의 평균기온은 0.74℃ 증가한 데 비해, 한국은 1.5℃ 증가하여 지구 평균에 비해 두 배 정도 기온이 증가하였다. 또한 한국은 한국전쟁 후 지속적은 녹화사업을 통하여 조림이 성공하였다. 이러한 환경변화에 따라 생물상이 크게 바뀌었을 것으로 예상되지만 생태학적 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 나비의 경우, 1938년부터 1955년까지의 나비 분포현황은 석주명(한국산접류분포도, 1973)에 의해서 정리되었으며, 1955년부터 1975년 까지는 김창환(한국곤충분포도감 1, 1976)에 의해, 1977년부터 1996년은 박규택과 김성수(한국의 나비, 1997)에 의해서 정리되었다. 본 연구는 1996년부터 2011년까지의 조사자료(김성수, 미발표자료)와 이전에 발간된 3권에 기록된 자료를 기초로 하여 한국에 기록된 225종의 나비를 시대에 따른 변화를 회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 통계적으로 유의하게 증감이 나타난 종에 대해 기후변화와 식생변화의 영향을 분석하였다. 또한, 시대별로 북방계종과 남방계종의 남방한계와 북방한계를 분석하여 기후변화에 의한 분포범위의 변화를 고찰하였다. 그리고 남방계 미접에 대한 변화도 분석하였다.
80.
2012.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Insect blood cells, hemocytes, inhibit spreading behavior upon bacterial challenge to perform cellular immune responses. Hemocyte spreading is accomplished by cytoskeleton rearrangement, which is activated by various immune mediators, such as biogenic monoamins, plasmatocyte-spreading peptide(psp), and eicosanoids. However, little is known how these, immune mediators. acitvate hemocyte spreading behavior. A small G protein, Rac1, gene was identified in hemocytes of Spodoptera exiqua. Its expressed in most developmental stages accept egg and expecially expresses in hemocytes and fat body of Larval stage. In response to bacterial challenge, its expression was segnificantly up-regulated. However, RNA inteference (RNAi) of Rac1 expression inhibited hemocyte spreading behavior. under RNAi condition of Rac1, octopamine and psp failed to activate hemocyte spreading behavior. Interestingly, as addition of prostaglandinE2 to the RNAiconditioned Larval rescued the mediation of octopamine and psp. These results indicate that Rac1 is required for mediation of octopamine and psp on hemocytespreading behavior and suggest that Rac1 may activate eicosanoid biosnthesis.
