PURPOSES : The driver's ability to make a commitment has resulted in excessive force and a lack of commitment. To solve this problem, we are developing an algorithm that analyzes resolution in real-time by introducing IoT and informs drivers of the completion of compaction. METHODS : Real-time compaction was analyzed by installing accelerometers on the rollers. To evaluate the algorithms, we conducted an apparent density test. RESULTS : The algorithm data and apparent density test data showed similar trends. This means that the proposed algorithms are sufficiently reliable. However, a lack of data samples and the fact that only data prior to completion of the commitment were analyzed may indicate a lack of reliability. CONCLUSIONS : In subsequent studies, the number of samples will be increased and the data after completion of the commitment analyzed to increase reliability. Introducing a tachometer will prevent the TVL from falling sharply when the direction of the rollers' progress changes. In addition, it is also planned to upgrade the algorithms by researching cases in which the algorithms did not produce satisfactory results owing to problems such as temperature and speed.

본 연구는 고등학생의 자아존중감, 분노표현, SNS중독경향성의 정도 및 그들 변수 간의 관계와 SNS중독경향성에 미치는 영향 요인을 알아보고자 하는 서술적 조사연구이다. 대상자는 2020년 5월 18일~28일까지 총 10일 간 S시, G도 고등학교에 재학 중이며 SNS을 이용하고 있는 대상자에게 온라인 설문지를 이용하여 총 100부의 자료를 수집하였다. 연구결과, SNS중독경향성과 자아존중감(r=-.385, p<.001), 분노조절(r=-.354, p<.001)과는 보통의 역 상관관계, 분노표출(r=.321, p=.001), 분노억압(r=.308, p=.002)과는 보통의 순 상관관계를 나타냈다. SNS중독경향성에 미치는 영향 요인은 자아존중감(β =-.297, p=.001), 성별(β=.266, p=.003), 분노표출(β=.247, p=.007) 순으로 회귀모형의 설명력은 27.7% 로 나타났다(F=12.279, p<.001). 따라서 SNS중독경향성을 낮추기 위해 고등학생의 자아존중감을 높이고 분노표출을 낮추기 위한 프로그램 개발이 필요하며 특히 성별에서 여자 고등학생의 SNS중독경향성을 낮추기 위한 방안이 모색되어야 할 것이다.

This study examined the antioxidative and lipid accumulation inhibitory effects of 14 plants from Mongolia and Myanmar on 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) of 14 plant extracts were measured, and the antioxidative activities were analyzed using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC. After measuring the pancreatic lipase levels and performing the thiobarbituric acid assay, the degree of lipid accumulation was determined by lipid (Oil Red O) staining and triglyceride assay in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells. M. paniculate (259.43 mgGAE/g) and C. benghalensis (130.78 mgNAE/g) had the highest TPC and TFC, respectively, among the 14 plants. R. acicularis Lindl. had the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH. The ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC results showed that the antioxidant activity of 11 species was higher than that of the positive control. The pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect of C. angustifolium Scop. was reduced to 23.65% at 0.1 mg/mL, and the level of lipid peroxidation of C. abrorescens Lam. was 0.63 nmol/mg. Five selected plants inhibited the lipid accumulation and triglyceride content, respectively, in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells. These results provide scientific evidence for developing functional foods using 14 plants from Mongolia and Myanmar, which have antioxidant activities and lipid accumulation reduction effects.

The oriental plum (Prunus salicina) is one of the most popular fruits in Korea due to its sweet taste and pleasant aroma. The objective of this study was to analyze the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of a puree made using plums stored at low-temperatures. The quality characteristics were determined by estimating total soluble solids (TSS, °Brix), titratable acidity (TA, % citric acid), TSS/TA ratio, pH, colors, sugar content, and sensory profiles. The antioxidant effects were estimated by total polyphenol and flavonoid content and radical scavenging activity. The results showed that the plum puree containing both the flesh and the peel had markedly higher red coloration (a* value) than the puree without the peel, while yellow coloration (b* value) and lightness (L* value) were lower in the puree without the peel than with the peel. The sensory qualities including the plum taste and flavor, texture as well as overall acceptance showed no significant variation between the samples. Meanwhile, the total polyphenol/flavonoid content and radical scavenging activities were significantly improved by the presence of fruit peel and by frozen storage. These findings suggest that frozen plums could be a suitable ingredient for making a puree and concentrate for the food manufacturing industry.

In this study, 11 plant extracts from Bangladesh were used to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid content, in vitro antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Also, the inhibitory effect of nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and the neuroprotective effect on H2O2-induced PC12 cells were tested. Our results revealed that Piper betle L. showed the highest total phenolic content (162.2 mg GAE/g extract) among the 11 plants from Bangladesh. Most plants showed strong radical scavenging effects and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Besides, Piper betle L. protected PC12 neuronal cells against H2O2 related oxidative stress in LPS-induced PC12 cells. Regarding the antiinflammatory effect, Piper betle L. significantly inhibited NO accumulation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Our results provide evidence that Piper betle L. could be useful for the development of functional health foods.

이취미 물질인 2-MIB를 합성하는 원인종에 대한 정보는 담수생태계에서 이와 관련된 환경 및 경제적 문제를 해결하는 데 필수적이다. 본 연구는 북한강 수계에서 출현하는 Pseudanabaena strain을 분리·배양하고, 16S rDNA 염기서열을 이용하여 종 수준의 동정과 2-MIB 합성 유전자 탐색을 통해 이취미 물질 발생 잠재성을 분석하였다. 북한강 본류 지역 (삼봉리, 조암면, 의암호 지역)에서 분리한 Pseudanabaena strain은 총 11개로서 NHUA201911과 NHPD201909 strain을 제외하고 단일세포의 크기는 서로 유사하였다. 그러나 16S rDNA 계통분석을 통한 유전자 염기서 열의 유연관계를 분석한 결과, 분리된 strain들은 총 5개 종 (P. cinerea, P. yagii, P. mucicola, P. galeata, P. redekei)으 로 분류되었다 (40~55% 유사도). 2-MIB를 합성하는 mibC 유전자는 P. cinerea 07 strain (NHUA202007-07)와 P. yagii (NHUA202007-08), P. redekei (NHUA201911)에서만 발견 되었으며, 가스크로마토그래피 분석에 따라 실질적인 2-MIB 합성은 P. cinerea와 P. redekei 종에서 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 분자생물학적 수준에서 북한강 수역에서 발생하는 Pseudanabaena속 남조류의 다양도에 대한 증거를 제공하는 연구로서 북한강 수계에서 2-MIB 생산 원인종에 대한 중요한 정보를 제공한다.

본 연구는 남해에 위치한 광양만 해역의 해양수질환경 및 해저퇴적물 환경을 파악하여 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다. 광양만 인근 해역의 12개 정점을 선정하여 2020년 5월 춘계, 2020년 8월 하계에 걸쳐 조사를 실시하였다. 표층 해수는 고무 용질의 소형바스켓, 저층은 Van Dorn 채수기를 이용하여 채수하였고, 퇴적물은 Van Veen grab sampler로 채취하였다. 분석항목은 수온, 염분, DO, COD, 영양염 류 등 13개의 항목이며, ‘해양환경공정시험기준(해양수산부, 2019)’에 준하여 분석을 실시하였다. 수온은 평균 16.11 ~ 25.66 ℃, 염분은 평 균 5.24 ~ 32.23 psu, 수소이온농도는 평균 7.87 ~ 8.19, 투명도는 0.83 ~ 1.76 m, 부유물질 농도는 평균 8.12 ~ 18.74 mg/L, COD의 경우에는 평균 0.74 ~ 1.81 mg/L, Chl-a는 평균 0.26 ~ 1.61 μg/L, 용존 무기질소는 평균 2.57 ~ 22.31 uM, 인산은 평균 0.18 ~ 0.71 uM, 규산 규소는 평 균 26.35 ~ 122.35 uM, 총 질소는 평균 0.121 ~ 1.008 mg/L, 총 인의 경우, 평균 0.025 ~ 0.082 mg/L 의 범위를 나타내었다. 퇴적물 COD의 경우 일본수산용수기준치인 20mg/g-dry(일본수산자원보호협회편, 2000)을 적용한 결과 춘계에는 넘지 않았으나 하계에는 다소 넘는 것을 나타내었다. 또한 주성분 분석을 실시하여 해역의 특성을 파악하였다.

One of the promising candidates for accident-tolerant fuel (ATF), a ceramic microcell fuel, which can be distinguished by an unusual cell-like microstructure (UO2 grain cell surrounded by a doped oxide cell wall), is being developed. This study deals with the microstructural observation of the constituent phases and the wetting behaviors of the cell wall materials in three kinds of ceramic microcell UO2 pellets: Si-Ti-O (STO), Si-Cr-O (SCO), and Al-Si-Ti-O (ASTO). The chemical and physical states of the cell wall materials are estimated by HSC Chemistry and confirmed by experiment to be mixtures of Si-O and Ti-O for the STO; Si-O and Cr-O for SCO; and Si-O, Ti-O, and Al-Si-O for the ASTO. From their morphology at triple junctions, UO2 grains appear to be wet by the Si-O or Al-Si-O rather than other oxides, providing a benefit on the capture-ability of the ceramic microcell cell wall. The wetting behavior can be explained by the relationships between the interface energy and the contact angle.

Gd-EOB-DTPA를 사용해 시간별로 3차원 T1강조 자기공명 담도조영술(T1W MRC)을 얻어 담즙 내로 배설되는 적절한 지연 시간을 알아보고, 이를 3차원 T2강조 자기공명 담도조영술(T2W MRC)과 비교하여 간담도 영상의 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 본원을 내원하여 간 자기공명 영상을 검사한 30명의 간공여자를 대상으로 실시하였다. T2W MRC와 T1W MRC를 비교 평가하였으며, T1W MRC는 조영제 주입 후 10, 15, 20, 25분에 획득하였다. 정량적 평가는 T1W MRC 영상의 right hepatic duct(RHD), intra hepatic duct(IHD), common bile duct(CBD)1, CBD2, CBD3에서 시간 변화에 따른 상대적 신호강도 비와 상대적 대조도 비를 산출하였고, 최대투사강도 영상에서 직경과 길이를 측정하였다. 정성적 평가는 T1W MRC 에서의 시간변화에 따라 리커트 5점 척도로 평가하였고 그 중 T1W MRC 15분 지연 영상을 선택하여 T2W MRC와 해부학적 구조를 리커트 5점 척도로 평가하였다. 정량적 평가에서 T1W MRC의 상대적 신호강도 비와 상대적 대조도 비의 경우 CBD3 은 조영제 주입 20분, 나머지 4곳의 측정 부위에서는 조영제 주입 15분 이후 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 직경은 15분 이후, 길이는 20분 이후 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 정성적 평가에서 T1W MRC의 조영제 주입 15분 이후, T1W MRC 와 T2W MRC를 비교한 결과 CBD와 인공물은 유의한 차이가 없었고, RHD, IHD, pancreatic duct(PD)는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 해부학적 정보만을 제공하는 T2W MRC 영상과 더불어 조영제를 주입한 T1W MRC 영상으로 간담도의 기능도 평가하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있다. 따라서 15분 이후에 얻은 T1W MRC는 임상적인 가치가 있는 영상으로 나타났다.

This study aims to classify parents by considering important factors in the management of foodservice for children. An offline survey was conducted by enrolling 583 Korean parents whose children attended public or private kindergartens in Seoul. The important factors required for managing foodservice for children are meal service resources, menu management, and food allergy. Considering these factors, parents were grouped into 3 clusters: the allergy important group, environment important group, and high concern group. Evaluation of the demographic characteristics revealed a significant difference between clusters with respect to type of kindergarten. Parents perceived that a private kitchen is more required than a private dining room, and perceptions about the need for a private kitchen and dining room were significantly different among the clusters. Furthermore, the results reveal significant differences between clusters, when considering the need to support meal service. Therefore, the government needs to consider characteristics of the parent cluster if they plan to support the kindergarten foodservice. We believe that this study can be used as supportive data to establish a working policy.

With growing expectations for economic cooperation between the two Koreas, there is much interest in participating in the construction of infrastructure in North Korea. In particular, water and sewage infrastructure is the four major social infrastructures in addition to housing, transportation, electricity and telecommunications. North Korea is known to have severe water pollution and ecosystem destruction in major rivers, water pollution and soil pollution in mining areas are serious, and water and sewage infrastructures in cities other than Pyongyang are known to be weak. Preemptive investment in water supply and drainage in North Korea is the foundation for securing the quality of life of the North Korean and is the foundation of public health and industry. It is a leading investment to reduce the cost of unification and is a new growth engine for the water reloded industry. In this study, we proposed a plan to exchange and cooperate in water environment for building water infrastructure of North Korea by examining the data related to water quality, water resources, water disaster, related legal system and human resources exchange situations in North Korea.