2002년 중국의 동북공정 추진 이래, 우리는 초기 감정적인 동요 분위기에서 소극적인 형태로 전화돼 계속 학술적 대응 태도를 고수해 오고 있다. 한국의 대응이 학술적 연구에만 그치는 동안 중국 정부의 묵인아래 중국의 동북공정논리는 전 세계로 빠르게 확대되어가고 있다. 그러한 관계로 한국에서의 동북공정에 대한 인식이 점점 소멸해가고 있다는 우려가 있는 상황에서 필자는 본고에서 동북공정논쟁이후의 한중 양국의 인식차이에 대한 비교를 해보고자 한다. 먼저, 중국의 동북공정에 대한 인식은 아래와 같다. 첫째, 대외적으로 패권주의 발현을 지향하고 있다. 중국의 동북공정의 패권주의 발현이라는 측면을 정리하자면, 전세계적 패권국으로의 부상, 동아사이의 맹주로의 추구, 북한정권 붕괴 후 한반도까지의 영향력 행사 등까지 계획 중이다. 둘째, 중국내 내부적 인식 태도는 국경 지역 영토 확보 및 다민족 국가인 중국민의 정서적 분열을 사전에 예방하고자 진행된 것이라 하겠다. 다음으로 한국의 입장은 아래와 같다. 첫째, 한국인의 고구려사 역사인식에 대한 환기이다. 동북공정의 결과가 어떠하든, 한국사회는 반드시 고구려역사를 환기하고, 재고해봐야 할 것이다. 둘째, 민족주의 혹은 탈민족주의 및 동아시아론 등의 이론 등장이다. 다민족·다국가가 함께 생존하는 지구상에서 제민족의 우월성을 강조하는 민족주의 혹은 탈민족주의 및 동아시아론이 함께 등장·주장되고 있는 것이다. 셋째, 이는 학술적 문제가 아닌 정치적 문제로의 인식 전환이 필요하다. 한국은 동북공정을 학술적 문제로만 인식하고 있는데, 그들의 동북공정의 진정한 목적·그에 대한 대응책을 정확하게 분석, 파악, 인식해야 할 것이다. 이에 우리는 대내적으로는 범국민적 제대로 된 역사인식 교육에 힘쓰고, 아울러 소중한 고대사에 대한 지각 있는 성찰이 필요할 것이다.

본 연구는 비디오영상에 의한 간접설문조사방식을 통하여 도시부 간선도로의 운전자들이 주행 시 느끼는 인식서비스수준과 도로용량편람(KHCM)에 의해 산정된 실제서비스수준간의 차이를 확인하고, 운전자가 인식하는 서비스수준에 영향을 미치는 주요요인을 규명하는 것이다. 본 연구의 주요 연구결과를 요약하면, 첫째, 실제서비스수준과 인식서비스수준간의 인식률 차이를 검증한 결과, 신호교차로구간의 경우 40.8%, Mid-block구간의 경우 59.2%가 두 서비스수준을 동일하게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 두 서비스수준간의 동질성 검정(F통계검정, t통계검정)결과에서도 두 서비스수준 간의 차이가 뚜렷이 나타났다. 둘째, 신호교차로구간에서 인식서비스수준에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 교통류(26.4%), 신호운영(23.1%), 기하구조(18.1%), 이용행태(15.9%) 도로경관(10.0%), 유지관리(4.4%), 교통정보(2.2%) 요인을 순서대로 고려하여 결정하는 것으로 분석되었으며, 이중 교통류 등 상위 3개 요인이 정량적 요인으로 67%를, 이용행태, 도로경관요인과 같은 정성적 요인이 26%를 점유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, Mid-block구간에서 인식서비스수준에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 기하구조(25.3%), 경관(20.0%), 신호운영(19.2%), 교통류(15.3%), 이용행태(9.7%), 유지관리(6.4%) 교통정보(4.2%)순으로 분석되었으며, 특히 이중에서 정성적 요인에 해당하는 도로경관이 신호교차로구간 10.6%보다 높은 20.0%로 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 서비스수준 산정을 위한 분석 시에는 운전자가 실질적으로 인식하는 정성적인 요인 (이용행태, 도로경관 등)을 고려하는 것이 필요하다고 판단된다.

Since 1884, many western Protestant missionaries came to Korea. The missionaries initially treated of the spiritual perspective of Koreans as superstitious and ignorance-oriented. Especially in the field of medicine, the Western perspective seemed to be far advanced than the Korean traditional perspective. According to the Korean traditional view, sicknesses was in many cases caused by intrusions of spiritual beings. Therefore, to cure the sick, one had to cast out those spiritual beings out of the bodies through placations or by force. With such perceptions, Korean people were not able to overcome the hard situations caused by the contagious diseases such as pestilence, small pox, and typoid fever. Western missionaries could take advantage on those matters in order to help Koreans and thereby achieving the trust of Korean government. Even though Western science and medicine proved their effectiveness through such medical works, excessive reliance can cause one to fall into the idolatry of worshipping medicine instead of God. Throughout the development in the area of science and technology, Westerners have tended to look everything through the scientific perspectives. Through such trends Western societies were believed to run the course of secularization throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. God and His supernatural world have been marginalized especially in public areas. According to Professor Paul G. Hiebert, even missionaries with severe Western cultural backgrounds have difficulties in understanding the spirit world of the native people. Early missionaries to Korea were not exceptions. They also had difficulties when they first met the Koreans and tried to understand their spiritual view points. In contrast to the Westerners who generally do not recognize the spiritual beings around them, the Koreans recognized the spiritual beings such as ghosts, ancestors in almost every aspect of their lives. Koreans were famous in maintaining the practices related to such spiritual beings throughout their ancient history. When the missionaries first observed practices related to the spiritual beings, they judged Koreans to be ingnorant or superstitious. However, the missionaries continuously tried to understand the people and their worldviews. When they were unable to understand the Korean worldview on the spiritual beings, they resorted not to the Western naturalistic perspective but to the Bible. Through comparison between the Korean traditional perspectives and the Biblical perspectives, they discovered that the Biblical perspectives were more similar to the Korean traditional perspectives. And with careful observation and examination of the Korean ministers’ deliverance works, they changed their thought about the spirit world. The demons and spiritual beings which were regarded to harass Korean people were not supterstitions or fatacies. They were real beings confirmed by the Bible. The native Korean ministers contributed a lot in the paradigm shift from Western perspective to the Korean perspective on the reality of spiritual beings. The Korean ministers viewed the Bible differently. They believed Bible stories where the possessed were released by Jesus and his disciples. The faith of Korean ministers proved to be simple and firm enough to follow the practices of Jesus and his disciples in casting out demons. When the missionaries heard about the stories of deliverances by the Korean ministers and believers, they did not stop but rather carefully examined such behaviors in light of the Bible. The final criteria of missionaries were not the western but the Biblical perspective. With such criteria, they accepted and recognized the deliverance ministries of the Korean believers. Some missionaries, when asked if they could cast out demons out of troubled, succeeded in the deliverance ministries. In my estimation, the Nevius mission plan contributed greatly in making harmony and cooperation between the missionaries and the Korean ministers. God brought Koreans who were troubled with spiritual bondage into the Kingdom of God through such faithful servants of God. The reasons the early protestant missionaries to Korea brought such great success in evangelizing Korea were foremost their deep reliance to the Bible as the Word of God and secondly their deep understanding of Koreans and their ways of thinking.

The principal objective of this study was to determine how the internal marketing of the contract foodservice management company affects job satisfaction and organization immersion, as well as the influence of the satisfaction of internal customers (employees) has on job satisfaction and organization immersion, and the function as a preceding variable that improves service quality. T-test, ANOVA, and linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the hypotheses of the study. The summary of study as per the result of this corroborative study is presented as follows: It was verified that internal marketing affects organizational immersion and the job satisfaction of employees, and job satisfaction plays a crucial role in organizational immersion. Moreover, it was also confirmed that the higher the internal marketing is, the higher the job satisfaction and organization immersion will be, thereby improving the service quality provided by employees. If enterprise regards employees as internal customers and constantly and efficiently conducts internal marketing activities such as internal communication, training, welfare, compensation, delegation of power, supporting the management, etc, the organizational immersion and job satisfaction of employees will be heightened, thereby enhancing loyalty and pride in the organization to provide services with better quality.

This study investigated elementary school students' perception, preferences, and intake of Korean traditional foods, focusing specifically on kimchi, tteok (rice cake), and eumcheong (beverage) varieties; and compared them by gender, living with grandparents, mother's occupation, and meal preparation by the grandmother. The subjects were 287 6th grade elementary school students in Busan. The results were as follows: 80% of children were interested in Korean traditional foods. 40% believed that their intake of Korean traditional foods was decreasing because these foods were not palatable to them. The majority of them, however, said they would continue to eat Korean traditional foods as they had done (54.7%) or eat more than before (36.6%) in the future. The children thought that Korean traditional foods were rich in nutrition and good for their health. The children had the highest preference for Baechu-kimchi among varieties of kimchi, and they had high preferences for Songpyeon, Galaitteok, and Injulmi. They had high preferences for Sikhye, citron tea, and adlai tea. Over 80% reported consuming Baechu-kimchi and Kkakdugi three to four times per week. They had eaten Injulmi the most frequently among the tteoks, while over 80% had eaten the other types of tteok only once or twice per month. Adlai tea, citron tea, and Sikhye were drunk more than once per week. In general, we noted no significant differences in the children's perceptions, preferences, and intake of Korean traditional foods by gender, living with grandparents, mother's occupation, and meal preparation by grandmother, with the exception of several items. The students had a very positive perception of Korean traditional foods. They had higher preferences for and had more frequently consumed the more familiar Korean traditional foods. It is therefore suggested that if the children had opportunities to experience Korean traditional foods more frequently and variously at home or in restaurants, they would appreciate Korean traditional foods even more, and develop higher preferences for these foods.

본 연구는 주관적 안녕감이 긍정적인 사건을 인식하는 비율과 나아가 기억을 재구성하는 인지적 과정에 있어서 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 199명의 학부생들이 일상적으로 일어날법한 긍정적인 사건과 부정적인 사건 40개를 기술한 문장들을 본 후 이에 대한 회상 과제와 재인 과제를 수행하였다. 먼저 사건을 기술한 문장을 본 후 긍정적인 사건과 부정적인 사건에 대한 비율을 응답하게 한 결과, 삶에 대한 만족도가 높은 참가자들이 긍정적인 문장의 비율이 월등히 높은 조건에서 긍정적인 사건의 비율을 실제보다 더 높게 보고하였으며, 또한 긍정적인 비율이 높은 조건에서 주관적 안녕감이 높은 참가자들은 긍정적인 문장을 더 많이 회상했다. 참가자들이 처음 보고한 긍정적인 사건의 비율과 실제 회상한 기억들 중 긍정적인 사건의 비율은 정적인 상관을 가졌다. 그러나 예상과는 달리 재인 과제에서는 참가자들은 주관적 안녕감 수준에 따라 유의미하게 차이나는 오류를 보이지 않았다. 마지막으로 이 연구의 이론적 함의와 후속 연구를 위한 제언이 논의되었다.

목적 : 본 연구는 건강한 노인들의 건강지각과 삶의 질을 조사하고 서로의 관계를 분석하는 것이다. 또한 건강지각과 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 요인들을 밝혀서 노인 삶의 질을 향상 시키는 전략을 세우는데 기초자료를 제공하기 위함이다. 연구방법 : 이를 위해서 대구시의 대표적인 노인관련기관 3군데의 건강한 남녀노인 553명을 대상으로 노인의 주관적 건강상태와 가장 선호하는 제품을 조사하는 질문지를 통해 건강지각을 알아보았다. 그리고 노인 삶의 질을 알아보기 위해 관련연구에서 사용한 네 가지 차원으로 구성된 삶의 질 척도를 사용하였다. 결과 : 노인들은 자신의 건강상태를 보통정도로 인식하였고 미래 활동에 대한 건강은 보통이하의 점수를 보였다. 삶의 질은 주관적 건강상태와 상관관계가 있었고 사회인구학적 요인 중에 경제적 수준이나 교육 수준과 상관성이 있음을 보였다(p < .01). 결론 : 노인의 건강지각의 향상은 노인 삶의 질에 긍정적인 영향을 준다. 노인 삶의 질을 조사하기 위해서는 노인건강, 경제수준, 교육 수준을 함께 분석하여야 한다. 본 연구의 결과를 시작으로 노인 삶의 질 향상과 건강 상태를 높이는 전략 개발을 위한 연구를 시행해야 할 것이다.

Recently, the desire for low body weight, which is an abnormal weight construct along with obesity, has become an evident and serious problem in teenagers. In Korea, the desire for low weight is not perceived as an important problem, but it is rapidly expanding relative to the physical changes and developmental issues teenagers experience. The social atmosphere presented through mass media is the key influencer for the increasing low weight occurrence in teenagers. Because thoughts about beauty have changed among people, and since there is apparent blind interest in slim body shape and appearance, already low-weight individuals are attempting to lose weight along with obese persons. Thus, we consider it necessary to guide teenagers toward having correct perceptions with regard to weight and their own body shape, and that a healthy and appropriate weight is beautiful. Therefore, for this study, we investigated body perception, abnormal weight, attitude toward weight control, and factors related to eating behavior among teenage girls, who are considered the at risk group for overt body weight control behavior. Based on this, we have attempted to set in motion a systematic and active nutrition education program that will allow us to increase body satisfaction by educating on nutritional issues related to development, and ultimately, implant healthy body shape perceptions.

The purpose of this study was to survey the current status of bread menus at school, business and industry (B & I), and military foodservice operations and to analyze dietitians' perceptions of applying rice bread in foodservice menus. A questionnaire, which was developed by content analysis, situation analysis, and in-depth interview, was distributed to 183 schools, 31 B & I operations, and 26 air force dietitians. In the school and B & I foodservices, wheat bread was used much more than rice bread and serving frequencies of morning rolls and sliced bread were higher. The military foodservices, however, served much more rice bread as burger buns than the other groups. For the school and B&I operations, consumer preference for wheat bread was perceived as high. In contrast, soldiers preferred rice bread to wheat bread in the military foodservices. The recognized advantages of using rice bread were different among the three groups. The military dietitians perceived the main advantage of using rice bread as an increase of rice consumption, while the school and B & I dietitians viewed it as promoting a healthy image. In all groups, the primary difficulties for using rice bread were the higher cost of rice bread as compared to wheat bread and a lack of facilities (e.g. oven). The military dietitians had the highest levels of positive and active interest as well as intention and opinions toward using rice bread. On the other hand, the school and B & I dietitians had very positive perceptions of rice bread but did not actually apply it in their foodservice menus. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the development of diverse menus using rice bread along with government support of its use, including facilities with ovens as well as rice bread subsidies, should be carried out for on-going expansion of the rice bread supply.

For globalization of Korean food, It is essential to research and analyze target markets in advance. However until recently, there has been a lack of food research in regions of select countries in order to create systematic plans for marketing Korean foods. Therefore this study aimed to investigate the recognition of Korean foods as compared to other Asian foods in young adults living in Vaxjo, Sweden. Over 90 percent of the Swedish students had experienced Thai and Chinese cuisines, indicating their popularity as Asian foods in Sweden. The participants were attracted to six positive attributes of Asian food: 'fresh vegetables', 'low fat', 'chicken and sea food', 'exotic ingredients', 'good value for the money' and 'unknown foods'. The favorite type of Asian food was Thai food and Korean food was the least tried, as over 50% of respondents linked it to 'unknown food' attributes. Based on these results, in order to introduce Korean food more successfully, focus should be placed on the unique and unknown attributes of Korean food, as well as emphasis placed on its healthfulness, to stimulate the curiosity of target markets such as young Swedish adults.

유아들의 놀이 도구 중 하나인 스토리 북 게임은 책을 펼친 뒤, 해당 내용을 눈으로 보면서 이야기 전개에 따라 해당하는 페이지로 이동하면서 이야기를 엮어가는 게임이다. 스토리 북 게임은 유아들에게 게임과 학습의 기능을 접목시킨 것으로 사고력 증진을 위해서 많이 활용되고 있으나 시각적 효과의 한계와 청각적 효과를 제공하지 못하는 단점을 보완하기 위해서는 멀티미디어 매체와의 접목이 불가피하다. 하지만 현재의 도서와 멀티 미디어 매체의 접목은 수동적 접근으로 이루어지고 있으나 게임이 진행되는 동안 정확한 위치로 빠르게 이동하여 시각적, 청각적 효과를 제공함에는 한계를 가지고 있다. 이러한 단점을 해소하기 위해 스토리 북 게임용도서의 콘텐츠 상에 펜으로 갖다 대면 콘텐츠의 내용을 판별하고 펜에서 외부기기인 IPTV로 판별된 내용을 전달하고 TV로 콘텐츠의 내용을 출력할 수 있게끔 콘텐츠 패턴 인식 및 블루투스를 지원하는 지능형 펜 설계를 제안한다. 이는 기존의 도서에서 제공되지 않는 출판물에 대한 직접 인덱싱 기능을 부가함으로 빠른 접근으로 게임 참여자인 유아들의 집중력 향상 및 이야기 전개의 재미를 높이는 효과를 보인다.

This paper examines whether Korean students learning English are familiar with gender-neutral language. A total of 149 first-year university students were asked to choose the words they would use when speaking or writing English. The questions in the questionnaire consist of two types: Type I asked the students to arrange the given two words (e.g., gentlemen, ladies; boys, girls) in the parallel-pair form conjoined by and; Type II asked the students to choose one of the two words or phrases (e.g., policeman, police officer; anchorman, anchor). Of the eight parallel pairs in Type I, four were chosen where the word order of Korean and English is reversed (e.g., ladies and gentlemen) and the other four pairs have the same order (e.g., boys and girls) in both Korean and English. The students did better with the same order pairs than with the reversed order pairs with the exception of ladies and gentlemen. Of the nine pairs in Type II, a majority of both female and male students picked five gender-neutral words: anchor, firefighter, mail carrier, police officer and flight attendant. The four gender-specific words they preferred were chairman, salesman, freshman and actress.