승객에게 편안한 승차감을 제공할 수 있도록 자기부상열차 차체 연직가속도의 진동크기에 대한 기준을 제시하고 이를 만족하는 가이드웨이 구조물의 처짐한계를 제안한다. 차량-구조물 상호작용을 고려한 해석기법을 사용하여 자기부상열차 시스템의 매개변수 해석을 수행하고, 차체 연직가속도에 대한 기준을 만족할 수 있는 가이드웨이 구조물의 처짐한계를 L/1300 로 제안한다. 이를 실제 자기부상열차 시스템의 동적 해석에 적용하여 제안한 처짐한계의 적절성을 검토한다. 기존의 자기부상철도 가이드웨이 구조물의 설계 기 준과 비교하였을 때, 이 연구에서 제안한 처짐한계를 적용하면 경제적인 가이드웨이 구조물의 설계와 시공이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

The general contractor business in South Korea settled in the railway construction during the Daehan Empire, but depending on the construction intention and circumstances of the railroad, relationship among employer-contractor-subcontractor and their roles under the system of the construction process had changed. At the time of laying the Gyeongin and Gyeongbu-rail, the Empire, which had no capital and technology, passed all the power and responsibility of the rail laying to the contractor, who was involved in most of the process. After this, the empire tried to lay Gyeongui-railroad without the help of other countries. Japan prepared for the Russo-Japanese War and decided to construct the railway rapidly, and completed the railway in parallel with direct management work and contract work. From that time on, the general contractor would only do the work. During the construction of railroad in Daehan empire, the general contract business system was established. The ambiguous process was sorted out and divided. At this time, subjects in charge of design and construction has been divided. The internal organization of the project owner and the contractor were organaized and specialized.

Since 1974, the urban subway has been used as a major form of public transportation in Seoul, Korea. The air quality in the subway environment depends on the introduction of air pollutants from roadway air and its generation is caused by subway operation in the tunnel. In the subway tunnel, PM10 concentration was monitored from March 8 to 15, 2018 and from March 26 to 28, 2018, and compared with concentrations that are routinely monitored at the subway concourse and the nearest roadside air quality monitoring station (RAQMS). Overall PM10 concentration at the concourse was similar to that of the RAQMS. However, PM10 concentration in the tunnel was significantly higher than those of the subway concourse and RAQMS, and showed distinct diurnal variation caused by train operation. The dominant peak concentrations were highly correlated with the number of train operations per hour. The minimum PM10 concentration was observed between 2 am to 5 am when the train was not operated. This was similar to that of the RAQMS. Although the diurnal variation of the PM10 concentration at the concourse is not significant, the overall trend is similar to that in the tunnel.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution patterns of displacement and acceleration fields in a nonlinear soil ground based on the interaction of high-speed train, wheel, rail, and ground. For this purpose, a high-speed train in motion was modeled as the actual wheel, and the vertical contact of wheel and rail and the lateral contact, caused by meandering motion, were simulated; this simulation was based on the moving mass analysis. The soil ground part was given the nonlinear behavior of the upper ground part by using the modified the Drucker– Prager model, and the changes in displacement and acceleration were compared with the behavior of the elastic and inelastic grounds. Using this analysis, the displacement and acceleration ranges close to the actual ground behavior were addressed. Additionally, the von-Mises stress and equivalent plastic strain at the ground were examined. Further, the equivalent plastic and total volumetric strains at each failure surface were examined. The variation in stresses, such as vertical stress, transverse pressure, and longitudinal restraint pressure of wheel-rail contact, with the time history was investigated using moving mass. In the case of nonlinear ground model, the displacement difference obtained based on the train travel is not large when compared to that of the elastic ground model, while the acceleration is caused to generate a large decrease.

There has been a significant decline in the number of rail accidents in Korea since system safety management activities were introduced. Nonetheless, analyzing and preventing human error-related accidents is still an important issue in railway industry. As a railway system is increasingly automated and intelligent, the mechanism and process of an accident occurrence are more and more complicated. It is now essential to consider a variety of factors and their intricate interactions in the analysis of rail accidents. However, it has proved that traditional accident models and methods based on a linear cause-effect relationship are inadequate to analyze and to assess accidents in complex systems such as railway systems. In order to supplement the limitations of traditional safety methods, recently some systemic safety models and methods have been developed. Of those, FRAM(Functional Resonance Analysis Method) has been recognized as one of the most useful methods for analyzing accidents in complex systems. It reflects the concepts of performance adjustment and performance variability in a system, which are fundamental to understanding the processes of an accident in complex systems. This study aims to apply FRAM to the analysis of a rail accident involving human errors, which occurred recently in South Korea. Through the application of FRAM, we found that it can be a useful alternative to traditional methods in the analysis and assessment of accidents in complex systems. In addition, it was also found that FRAM can help analysts understand the interactions between functional elements of a system in a systematic manner.

Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), this study simulated the air supply and exhaust conditions inside KTXSancheon train cabin to analyze the airflow, velocity, temperature, and residence time distributions. Based on the analyzed airflow in the cabin, the trajectory properties of droplets with various diameters exhaled from a passenger in a specific seat were analyzed. In the train cabin, forced airflow was formed by the operation of an air conditioning unit, while air stagnation occurred through spinning vortices at the front and rear where there were no floor outlets. Droplet particles ≤36 μm in diameter were dispersed throughout the cabin following the airflow generated by the air conditioning unit. The degree of dispersion differed according to the passenger seat location. In addition, the expelled droplets were mostly deposited on the surfaces of passenger bodies, seats, and floor. The ratio of deposited droplets to suspended droplets was increased with increasing droplet size. Further, the CFD study allowed the prediction of the possibility of exposure to exhaled droplets by estimating the dispersion and deposition properties of droplets released from a passenger in a specific seat. This study can be utilized to adjust the operation of air conditioning units and encourage the installation of air-purifying units to minimize secondary infections.

철도 분기기는 결선부와 곡선부의 존재로 인하여 선로에서 가장 손상이 많이 발생하는 구간이며, 구조적 건전성을 유지관리하기 위하여 매년 상당한 비용이 투입되고 있다. 레일연마는 이러한 분기기의 레일 손상을 감소시켜 유지관리 비용을 저감할 수 있는 방안 중 하나로 알려져 있으나, 현재까지 국내에서는 분기기 레일 연마를 통한 유지관리 비용 절감 효과를 정 량적으로 연구한 사례가 거의 없는 상황이다. 이 논문에서는 분기기 레일 연마를 통한 유지관리 비용 절감 효과를 다물체 동적 해석프로그램인 VI-Rail을 이용하여 검토하였다. 레일 연마 효과는 레일 표면의 조도를 이용하여 모사하였으며, VI-Rail 프로 그램의 Flextrack 모델을 이용하여 차량-궤도 상호작용해석을 수행하였다. 수치해석은 60kg #8 분기기와 EMU 차량 모델을 이용 하여 수행하였으며, 레일 표면 조도는 실제 궤도에서 측정된 값을 기반으로 작성한 PSD 함수를 이용하여 모사하였다. 해석 결 과 레일 연마는 분기기 레일의 피로 수명을 6.5% 가량 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다.

Considering the situation in the early 20th century when the existing urban system centered on urban areas began to change, the biggest factors causing urban structural changes in urban areas are construction of railroad and urban dismantling. The change process of Eupseong, in the microscopic viewpoint, can be understood as a process of change in the course of dismantlement of town's demarcation, improvement of accessibility and urban expansion due to the construction of railroads, process of urban expansion following the crumbling boundaries and structural changes. This study aimed to look at the transformation process of the Eupseong in the early 20th century, focusing on the demolition of the castle and the railway construction from a microscopic point of view of city.

The study conducted finite element analysis in advance to understand the natural frequency, con-ducted static structural analysis and analyzed stress behavior occurring on the boundary of wheel and rail when passing the straight line and curve line. According to the FEA, the wheel had natural frequency of 1st mode 238.4Hz to 10th mode 1,320Hz, and the rail had natural frequency of 457.4Hz to 619.7Hz. When looking at the correlated frequency range, the natural frequency of 4th~6th mode of wheel and 3rd~9th mode of rail track were correlated. As for the result of stress behavior translation occurring on the boundary of wheel and track, it was 53.4MPa when passing the curve line, which was 16MPa higher than when passing the straight line.

건축물을 중심으로 개발된 데이터 스키마인 Industry Foundation Class(IFC)를 토목구조물에 적용하기 위하여 IFC 요소를 확장하는 노력이 진행되고 있지만, BIM소프트웨어에서 확장 IFC 기반의 정보모델을 생성하는 방법이 충분하지 않아 어려움이 따른다. 본 연구에서는 정보관리가 가능한 확장 IFC 기반의 철도 궤도부 정보모델을 생성하기 위하여 독립적인 선형중심의 철도 궤도부 요소모델을 생성하고, 생성된 모델을 기반으로 확장 IFC 기반의 모델을 생성하는 방법론을 제시하였다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 철도 궤도부 요소를 연속적 구조물과 비연속적 구조물로 분류하였다. 연속적 구조물은 선형 기반 소프트웨어에서 생성하였고 이산화된 선형정보 연계를 통해 비연속 구조물을 독립적인 객체로 생성하고 이들을 통합하여 철도 궤도부 정보모델을 생성하였다. 둘째, 철도 궤도부의 정보관리를 위한 분류체계 및 확장 IFC 스키마를 제시하였다. 마지막으로 속성정보와 User-interface를 활용하여 객체의 의미정보를 식별하여 확장 IFC 요소와 매핑하였다. 제시한 방법론을 통하여 오송철도종합시험선로를 대상으로 정보관리가 가능한 확장 IFC 기반의 정보모델을 생성됨을 확인하고 실용성을 검증하였다.

The urban railway system is a convenient public transportation system, as it carries many people without increasing traffic congestion. However, air quality in urban railway environments is worse than ambient air quality due to the internal location of the source of air pollutants and the isolated space. In this paper, characteristics of particulate matter (PM) pollution in urban railway environments are described from the perspective of diurnal variation, chemical composition and source apportionment of PM. PM concentrations in concourse, platform, passenger cabin, and tunnel are summarized through an analysis of 34 journal articles published in Korea and overseas. This information will be helpful in developing effective policies to reduce PM pollution in urban railway environments.

본 연구는 자연지명 및 인문지명과 관련된 도시철도 역명의 부적합성을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 역과 명명 유연 대상의 도상(圖上) 직선거리를 주요 기준으로 삼았으나, 산·천의 고유 특성, 인접역 관련성, 포섭 여부 등도 고려하였다. 분석 결과 자연지명 관련 역명은 50개 중 28개(56.0%)가 부적합하였는데, 산과 하천 관련 역명이 대부분이었다. 인문지명 관련 역명은 341개 중 83개 (24.3%)가 부적합하였다. 인문지명 관련 부적합 비율을 세부적으로 보면, 유물·유적 관련 역명의 21.7%, 교육·연구 시설 관련 역명의 47.9%, 문화·체육·관광 시설 관련 역명의 15.8%, 교통 관련 역명의 10.2%, 관공서 관련 역명의 9.1%, 공공시설 중 기타 시설 관련 역명의 29.4%, 민간시설 관련 역명의 35.9%가 부적합하였다. 도시철도 역명의 제·개정 시 본고에서 밝힌 문제점들을 충분히 고려하여 부적합 역명의 비율을 감소시켜 나가야 할 것이다.

This paper considers the problem of scheduling loading and unloading operations of a crane in a railway terminal motivated from rail-road container transshipment operations at Uiwang Inland Container Depot (ICD). Unlike previous studies only considering the total handling time of containers, this paper considers a bi-criteria objective of minimizing the weighted sum of the total handling time and tenant service time. The tenant service time is an important criterion in terms of terminal tenants who are private logistics companies in charge of moving containers from/to the terminal using their trucks. In the rail-road container shipment yard, the tenant service time of a tenant can be defined by a time difference between beginning and finishing loading and unloading operations of a crane. Thus, finding a set of sequences and time of the crane operations becomes a crucial decision issue in the problem. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear program which is improved by linearizing a nonlinear constraint in the model. This paper develops a genetic algorithm to solve the problem and performs a case study on the Uiwang ICD terminal. Computational experiment results show that the genetic algorithm shows better performance than commercial optimization solvers. Operational implications in terms of tenants are drawn through sensitivity analyses.

철도안전법 상의 사고 분류 이외에도 철도운영기관의 실무 차원에서 인적 오류를 유발한 당사자에게 책임이 있다고 판정할 경우 처벌과 불이익을 부과하는 책임사고 판정제도가 있다. 책임사고경험이 있는 당사자는 심리적, 신체적 피로와 긴장감을 경험하는 한편, 사고 및 장애발생의 가능성을 늘 염려하면서 주어진 과업을 수행하게 된다. 본 연구는 그 동안 철도분야 인적오류 연구의 공식적 대상에서 제외되어 왔던 철도차량 검수직 종사자를 대상으로 책임사고경험이 이례상황 스트레스 및 건강의 한가지 척도인 신체적 우울감에 미치는 인과관계를 AMOS 통해 밝혀보았다. 연구 결과, 검수직 종사자의 책임사고 경험은 이례상황 스트레스를 부분 매개로 하여 신체적 우울감에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.