이 연구는 D시에 근무하는 공무원 998명(남성:615명, 여성:383명)을 대상으로 체형분석을 통해 체형 불균형 정도를 평가하고자 하였다. 이 연구에 참여한 연구대상자의 직장근무경력은 남성 21.1±8.4년, 여성 18.5±9.6년이며, 평균연령은 남성:47.4±7세; 여성:43.8±8.4세이다. 연구 결과로 통증이 있거나 좋지 않은 부위가 있는 남성은 416명으로 전체 남성의 67.6%, 여성은 297명으로 전체 여성의 77.5%로 여성 직원이 남성 직원보다 약 10%정도 높은 비율로 근골격계 통증을 호소하고 있었다. 또한, 규칙적인 운동을 하고 있는 직원은 남성 293명(47.6%), 여성 168명(43.9%)으로 조사되었다. 정적체형 측정(관 상면, 시상면) 결과 통증이 있는 남성 416명 중 비운동자 322(52.4%)명의 목의 긴장도를 살펴본 결과 4.54±2.6kg이었고, 통증이 있는 여성 297명 중 비운동자 215명(56.1%)의 목의 긴장도는 2.47±1.5kg로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 오랫동안 앉아서 근무하는 대표적인 직업형태인 공무원은 자세 습관, 운동습관 등이 일자목과 같은 체형불균형에 상당 연관성이 있으며 이러한 체형불균형은 근골격 계 질환에도 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

The purpose of this study is to promote the elderly apparel industry for the increasing numbers of elderly obese male population. In the study, a total number of 249 males between the ages of 60 to 85 were studied to analyze their body types and differences. The group had a Rohrer Index of 1.6 or higher and BMI of 25 or higher. The noticeable physical differences in the group were shorter waist front length, bigger waist and hip circumferences with increasing age and slimmer limbs that are associated with the natural aging process with or without obesity. The obese body types have been classified in the following 3 different categories. Type 1 is the group that has lower body obesity with broad shoulders and relatively slimmer abdomen than a heavy bottom. A total number of 84 people belonged to the type 1 obesity category which makes up 33.8% of the total. Type 2 is the group that has upper body obesity with especially large abdominal obesity. A total number of 76 people, 30.5% of the total, were classified as type 2. Type 3 is the group that has whole body obesity with balanced obesity in the whole body. A total number of 89 people, 35.7% of the total, made up type 3.

This study aimed to categorize women’s body shapes by type after extracting prototypes of 25~34 year old Korean woman. The standardizing research service project conducted by the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy in 2005, divided the age ranges of adult women into three groups: 18~24 years (young), 25~34 years (young-adult) and 35~49 years (adult). This study utilized this age division method to create a concrete body type categorization schema with the most marriageable period, 25 to 34 years old as target age the target age group. We used, measurement data from the 7th Korean Human Body Size Survey (Size Korea) for the body shape analysis. We completed a statistical analysis using the statistical program SPSS 21. After creating the body types using CLO 3D, which is based on the 7th Korean human body measurements, we input data for the average size for each type into the Avata. We then compared and analyzed the cross sections using the Rapidform XOR program. The results of the type-specific characteristics are as follows: big square body of obese body, small square body of plain flat body with tall, plain square body of plain flat with short, triangular body of lower body obesity there was. Significantly, the results of this study should facilitate the development of various apparel products using mass customization or easy-order systems.

This study analyzed the body shape of the body of 17~19 years old female students using the SPSS 20.0 statistical program according to the 7th Korea Human Body Survey. Factor analysis was based on six factors including body size, body height, shoulder length, and width, upper body length, hip length, and shoulder inclination related factors. Through this cluster analysis, the body shape of late adolescent female student was classified into four types. Body type 1 was the highest body height factor, and the upper body length and the hip length factor were lower. It was analyzed as ‘Long leg in the body’. Body type 2 is the ‘narrow shoulder skinny type’ with high hip and shoulder slope factors and low body size, body height, shoulder length, and width factor. Body type 3 showed body size, shoulder length, height and hip length factor, and body height factor was rather low ‘low hip obese body shape’. Body type 4 was analyzed as ‘lower shoulder long upper body type’ with higher upper body length factor and lower body size and shoulder slope factor. It is thought that when the pattern is made, it is possible to produce excellent patterns by fitting the dimensions of the body, as well as the dimensions of the shoulder width, the slope, and the hip length.

This study is based on the results of the 7th Korea Human Size Survey (Size Korea). The standard body shapes of Korean women between 25 and 34 years old were analyzed and used to develop a prototype princess line for wedding dresses. or this purpose I conducted a literature review and a survey of the actual situation of domestic ligaments. In order to select suitable ligaments for the standard body type of 25~34 year-old Korean women, I collected the most representative ligaments from around the world: Stock man from France, Superior from the USA, KIIYA from Japan, and Pig and Nonno from Korea. They were then compared and analyzed. In the form of a formal wedding dress, a prototype princess line was developed by a draping technique in order to finely implement the human body fitting. To develop the prototype of the princess line, I made test garments with muslin. 25 to 34 years old Korean female standard body type Three human subjects close to the average measurement value were selected as subjects. An exterior appearance evaluation questionnaire was created with 28 questions focusing on the main parts of the prototype princess line. The clothes were evaluated three times. In this study, aesthetic and functional elements were considered for the development of princess line prototypes for wedding dresses. In addition, the amount of spare area was given differently. This study is significant in the achievement of a dress line closest that closely matches the human body line of the standard Korean female body type.

The purpose of this study was to classify the upper torso body types of obese Korean adult women using the 7th Korea National Anthropometric Study data and compare the body type differences according to three age groups: 20s～30s, 40s～50s, and 60s. A total of 548 adult women whose BMI was in the obese range of 25 or higher and whose age ranged from 20s to 60s were selected from the anthropometric database. Twenty-nine body measurements related to torso and arm areas important for torso and sleeve pattern development were chosen. Five drop values by differences between bust, waist, and hip circumferences were also chosen for analysis. The number of obese women increased with age. The results revealed seven factors according to the factor analysis and three obese body types based on the cluster analysis. Body type 1 (47.3% of obese women) was characterized by narrow shoulders, a small or medium torso, and a straight waist. Body type 2 (42.4% of obese women) was characterized by a defined waist and a larger lower torso than upper torso. Body type 3 (10.3% of obese women), the largest obese body type among the three types, was characterized by a large bust, large abdomen area, and long upper torso. Women in their 20s to 30s were most likely to have body type 2, women in their 40s to 50s were evenly distributed between body types 2 and 3, and women in their 60s were most likely to have body type 1.

본 연구는 Jeju crossbred(제주마×더러브렛) 12개월령 체형 형질에 대한 말의 3번 염 색체 단일염기변이 효과를 분석하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 연구의 공시축은 국립축산과학 원 난지축산연구소에서 육성 중인 Jeju crossbred 육성마 199 두(2010년～2015년 출생)를 이용하였다. 공시축은 농후사료(열량 3,825kcal/kg, CP 16.5%)를 체중의 1.2～1.5% 공급 하였으며, 조사료(톨페스큐, 오차드그라스, 이탈리안라이그라스)는 자유 급여하였다. 채혈 은 경정맥을 통해 채혈하여 genomic DNA 분리 후 단일염기변이 유전자형 결정에 이용 하였다. 체형은 12개월령 시점에 체중(Weight), 두장(Head length), 체고(Wither height), 배고(Back height), 고고(Rump height), 체장(Body length), 흉심(Chest depth), 흉폭 (Chest width), 요폭(Back width), 고장(Rump length), 흉위(Chest girth), 전관위(Shank circumference) 그리고 곤폭(Rump width)을 측정하였다. 단일염기변이 (BIEC2-808466, BIEC2-808543, BIEC2-808967, BIEC2-809370)의 유전자형 결정을 위해 중합효소연쇄반 응 및 Pyrosequencer를 이용하였다. 단일염기변이의 유전자형 빈도 및 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium은 CERVUS(version 3.0.3) software를 이용하여 분석하였다. 체형측정치와 담일염기변이 유저자형 효과 추정을 위해 R 통계 패키지(version 3.0.3)를 이용하여 공분 산분석을 하였으며, 유전자형 그룹 간 비교는 P<0.05 수준에서 Turky 검정을 하였다. 통계분석에 이용된 모형은 다음과 같다.            여기 서   : 체형 형질 관측치, μ : 전체 평균, BYi : 출생 연도의 효과, BMj : 출생 개월 의 효과, Sk : 성별의 효과, Pl : 산차의 효과, Gm : 유전자형 효과, eijklm : 임의 오차를 나타낸다. 12개월령 육성마의 평균 체중은 193.7±24.5㎏이었으며, 체고는 124.5±4.0㎝였다. Jeju crossbred(제주마×더러브렛)의 12개월령 체고는 더러브렛 12개월령 체고 145.0±3.0㎝의 85% 수준으로 확인되었다. 분석에 이용된 4종의 단일염기변이의 miner 대립유전인자 빈 도는 0.01～0.291로 확인되어 유전적 다형성이 낮았다. 공변량 중 성별과 산차는 출생연도 와 출생월보다 체형 측정치에서 영향이 낮은 것으로 확인됐다. 12개월령 체형 13종에 대 한 4종의 단일염기변이의 효과를 분석한 결과 BIEC2-808967 단일염기변이는 체장에서 연관관계를 확인할 수 있었으며(P<0.05), BIEC2-809370 단일염기변이에서는 체고, 배고, 고고에서 연관관계를 확인할 수 있었다(P<0.05). BIEC2-808543 단일염기변이는 체고, 체장, 흉위, 전관위에 대한 연관관계가 있는 것으로 보고되었으나 본 연구에서는 BIEC2-808543 단일염기변이 중 체형을 증가시키는 C 대립유전인자 빈도가 0.01로 낮게 나타나 연관성 분석이 무의미하였다. 본 연구결과 Jeju crossbred에서 3번 염색체 단일염기변이는 12개월령 체형에 대해 연관 관계가 있는 것으로 사료되며 성장단계에 따른 추가의 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the equine chromosomes (ECA) 3 for the body conformations of 12 month of age in Jeju crossbred (Jeju horses × Thoroughbred). A total of 199 Jeju crossbred horse samples were obtained from the National Institute of Subtropical Livestock Research Institute for this study. To correctly estimate the body conformations, we measured thirteen elements relevant to the body conformation such as body weight, wither height, body length for all the 199 horses at 12 month of age. Furthermore, all the horses were genotyped using four SNPs including the BIEC2-808466, BIEC2-808543, BIEC2-808967, BIEC2-809370, of which genomic coordinates range approximately from 105.1Mbp to 110 Mbp in the ECA3. For the phenotypic data sets, the average body weight was 193.7 ± 24.5㎏ and the height was 124.5 ± 4.0㎝. As for the genotypic data, the miner allele frequencies of the SNPs were shown to be varied from 0.01 to 0.291. Using the phenotypic and genotypic data sets, analysis of covariance was performed to find any association between those SNP genotypes and body conformations, using year of birth, month of birth, sex, and parity as the covariance components. The result showed that alternative genotypes in the BIEC2-808967 and BIEC2-809370 SNPs were significantly associated with the body length (P<0.05) and the wither height (P<0.05) respectively in the Jeju crossbred horses. Therefore, it is estimated that there are significant associations in the body conformation of 12 month of age of Jeju crossbred for those two SNPs used in this study.

The purpose of this study was to identify images of saleswomen by uniform and body type and to determine if the images have an effect on customer satisfaction and revisiting intention. This study was conducted between February 10th and February 23rd 2015, using a questionnaire to collect data from 608 adults from Seoul, Deajeon, and Chungnam Province. A 2×2 (body type×clothes) factorial experimental design was used. Frequency, factor, and reliability analysis, analysis of variance, one-way ANOVA, Tukey test, and multiple regression analysis methods were used to analyze data. The study results were as follows: First, images of saleswomen with different uniform and body types were classified based on the following three factors: professionalism, kindness and attractiveness. Second, the saleswomen's uniforms had significant impact on perceived attractiveness, with women who wore skirt suits being identified as more attractive than women with pant suits. The saleswomen's body types had significant effect on professionalism, kindness and attractiveness. Women with average body types were perceived positively in terms of professionalism and attractiveness, whilst women with large body types were perceived positively in terms of kindness. Third, the combination of uniform and body type had a significant effect on perceived professionalism. Women with average body types wearing pant suits were perceived to have high degree of professionalism and women with large body types wearing skirt suits were evaluated to have high professionalism. Fourth, the images described as attractive and kind for both uniform and body type had a positive influences on customer satisfaction and revisiting intention.

This study analyzed the body-type characteristics of 340 old-aged obese women that had been on the rise as a part of efforts to activate the silver clothing industry. The subjects were in the age range of 60-79 and met some obesity requirements, including a Rohrer Index of 1.6 or higher, a BMI of 25 or higher, and a WHR of 0.85 or higher. Old-aged obese women showed increased thickness of the torso with age, which suggests that they revealed the characteristics of regardless of gender. In other words, they became bigger in the waist and abdomen, shorter in height, slimmer in the lower body, and thicker in the torso. There are three types of obesity: Type 1 is lower-body obesity with a higher degree of obesity in the abdomen than the upper body. Type 2 is abdominal obesity with a higher degree of obesity in the upper body than in the lower body. Type 3 is whole-body obesity with balanced obesity of the whole body. As for changes to the types of obesity according to age, those who are in their sixties usually fall into the categories of upper-body and whole-body obesity, and those who are in their seventies are much more concentrated in the categories of abdominal obesity and upper-body obesity with a decreased percentage of whole-body obesity. It is apparent that the percentage of abdominal and upper-body obesity rises with age due to fat accumulation in the abdomen.

The recent fashion market failed to satisfy the needs of female customers in their 30s who are demanding a slim jacket that makes the wearer look young and slim. Accordingly, the slim-fit jackets of domestic brands targeting the women in their 30s were collected to conduct look and movement fitting evaluations based on the standard somatotype, and a slim-fit tailored jacket prototype was developed based on the present findings. This research aims to increase the satisfaction level of the slim-fit jacket customers reflecting a variety of somatotypes of women in their 30s. The research process was developing jacket patterns fully reflecting the properties in terms of extra space and design lines for different somatotypes of women in their 30s based on the jacket pattern formulated through the advanced research, and then suggesting pattern design methods for the different somatotypes. In this sense, this research attempted to identify the problems concerning the slim-fit tailored jacket fitting for different somatotypes of women in their 30s. The main aim was to suggest ways to improve the customers’ satisfaction level regarding the fit, and enable the manufacturers to produce a well-fitting jacket reflecting the peculiarities of each somatotype.

The aim of this study was to investigate the change in women’s somatotype with aging. The subjects were 1,123 women aged 40~69. Their anthropometric data were from the 6th Size Korea. The data were analyzed by factor analysis and cluster analysis. Seven factors were extracted: body mass, body length, back shoulder, arm length factor, front interscye factor, body rise factor, and shoulder angle. The upper body types of middle-aged and elderly women were classified into five types: skinny, short stout body type with forward posture, composite, tall & full body type, and short & skinny. The skinny and composite body type appeared more often than the short stout body type in the early 40s of Korean women. Starting in the mid-50s, composite body type was less often found. However, the number of women with short stout body type increased. In the 60s, the number of women with short stout and tall & full body types decreased. These results reveal that the body types of middle-aged and elderly women changed with some pattern with aging. And women in their early 40s, mid-50s, and 60s women had different body shapes and postures.

Reflecting the consumer’s desire to look young, the “down-aging” trend, which blurs the distinctions between age groups, is the latest craze in the fashion market. The popularity of this trend made brand identities similar, resulting in customers becoming more interested in segmented notions of fashion (in terms of the story, design, high-quality material, etc.) regarding the product, and in particular, focus has become oriented to the fitness to the human body. In this sense, the researcher aimed to develop the prototype of a slim-fit tailored jacket that fits the standard somatotypes of women in their 30s well. For the purpose of this research, slim-fit tailored jackets from existing brands were collected and analyzed, and a subsequent wearability test was conducted based on the standard somatotype of women in their 30s. The research patterns were prototype of the developed slim fit tailored jacket are bust size of 3.8 cm, waist of 7 cm, and hip size of 3.8 cm. Then the research patterns were selected to develop the prototype of a properly fitting slim-fit tailored jacket. As outlined above, the development of a slim-fit tailored jacket prototype for the standard somatotypes of women in their 30s was conducted by solving the fitness issues of existing brands in order to produce properly fitting jackets that satisfy consumers.

This study was conducted using a self boarding questionnaire survey to investigate body image perception, dietary habits and nutrient intakes according to interest level in health of female university students in Masan area (n=302). The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to interest level in health (‘High’ group, n=101, ‘Low’ group, n=201). Body image according to BMI was significantly different regardless of interest level in health (p<0.001). The answer percentage indicated that the purpose of weight control is health, regular use of the scale, and regular exercise were significantly higher in the high group (p<0.05). Nutrient knowledge score (p<0.01) and food frequency score (p<0.001) were significantly higher in the high group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences in nutrient intake, but intake, NAR and INQ of vitamin C were significantly higher in the high group (p<0.001). Nutrition knowledge score (p<0.01), food intake frequency score (p<0.01), and INQ and NAR of vitamin C (p<0.01) were positively correlated with the interest level in health. These results will be useful as a basis for the development of effective nutrition education programs in order to increase interest level in health and apply well in real life what have learned through the correct nutrition knowledge.

두 개의 형질 사이에 유전상관이 존재하면 제 1의 형질을 선발함으로써 다른 중요한 형질의 간접선발도 가능해 진다. 따라서 부분육 형질 중 선호도가 높은 안심과 등심에 대한 생산량 증대를 위해서 생체 상태에서 부분육과 상관도가 높은 체형형질을 발굴하여 개량함으로써 고가이며 선호도가 높은 안심과 등심 등의 생산량을 높일 수 있을 것이라 사료된다. 분석에 이용한 데이터는 1998~2012년도에(23~53차) 후대검정한 5,001두의 후대검정우 자료이며 조사형질로는 대분할육 10개의 형질과 18개월령 체형형질을 이용하였다. 유전모수 추정은 WOMBAT 6.0 software package를 이용하여 실시하였다. 분석에 이용된 모형은 부분육 중량의 경우 도축일을 범주형 변량으로 도축 전 생체중을 공변량으로 하였으며 체형형질의 경우에는 차수, 출생지 및 검정소를 범주형 변량으로 측정일령을 공변량으로 하였다. 분석 결과 안심, 등심 및 갈비중량의 유전력은 각각 0.53, 0.50 및 0.14로 나타났다. 등심과 안심은 체고, 십자부고 및 곤폭과 유전상관이(0.34~0.53) 비교적 높게 나타났으므로 이러한 체형형질을 간접선발 함으로써 선호되는 부위의 생산량을 늘릴 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

말의 형태는 기능적으로 개별적으로 실행 할 수 있는 능력과 연관이 깊다. 또한, 진화론적 관점으로 말의 형태는 말이 요구되는 일의 유형에 따라 적합하게 변화되어야 한다. 제주마의 경우에는 체형이 작고, 근육의 탄력이 적은 특징을 가지고 있다. 위 특징은 제주마가 국내의 경우 과거에 짐의 운반과 경운에 유용하게 이용되어졌음을 의미한다. 오늘날 말들은 거의 경주마로써 육성되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 말의 형태와 경주능력간의 관계에 대해 규명하고, 이 관계는 우수한 육종가의 선발에 사용될 수 있음을 기대한다. 본 연구는 경주성적이 있는 제주마 92 두와 더러브렛종 81두의 골격근 18 개 부분과 형태와 체고를 직접적으로 측정하여 확인했다. 또한, 실측 체고치와 측면 이미지 자료로부터 17 부위의 길이를 쟀다. 연구에 사용된 경주기록은 2002 년 2 월부터 2004 년 11 월까지 제주 경주 공원으로부터 수집하여 사용했고, 통계분석은 SAS프로그램을 사용하여 PRINCOMP와 GLM을 분석 실시하였다. 성, 나이로 그룹을 설정하여 GLM의 다양성에 따라 분류하여 주성분분석을 실시한 결과, 제 1~6 주성분 PCs 간의 전체 변이는 67.1%로 계산되었고, 경주수행정도는 속도 어깨와 목길이가 길고 전박장과 엉덩이 길이가 짧은 특징을 나타낸 제 2 주성분(PC2)에 유사하게 상관되게 측정되었다(P<.001). 위 결과에 따르면 말의 여러 가지 형태적 특징 중, 말의 목 하단길이와 견갑골이 길며, 전완골과 정강이가 짧은 형태를 가질 경우 빠르게 달릴 수 있다는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 제주마의 경주 속도가 일반적인 형태적 균형에 의해 좌우될 수 있다는 개념을 시사한다. 또한, 본 연구는 더 많은 데이터가 있었다면, 조사의 정확성이 향상될 수 있음을 시사한다.

This study aims to conduct a investigation on the gusset of a Kimono sleeve to achieve excellent movability through an evaluation of its fit wearing by conducting comparative research in terms of the length of the gusset pattern according to sleeve angle, which having a great effect on the wearing and activity of the top of a Kimono sleeve. A prototype was manufactured by developing the basic Kimono sleeve based on the method of Ernestine Kopp’s basic bodice pattern. The sleeve angles which was applied to the prototype pattern of the Kimono sleeve ware approximately 50°, 70° and the gusset was diamond-shaped which has a width of 10cm and lengths of 9cm, 10cm and 11cm. As a result, in the case of 55° of the sleeve angle, the angle was gradually increased as the length of gusset was extended, although, in the case of 68° of the sleeve angle, there was not remarkable effects between increased gusset length and the value of the angle. This result could be analyzed that the gusset did not affect remarkably since the sufficient movability was gained with only the angle in the case of 68°. Also, in the results of experiment on 55° angle, as 9cm, 10cm and 11cm of length of gusset commonly indicated over 70° in average, it was found that the movability was obtained sufficiently in every part.

This study was performed to investigate the eating habit, body image, and weight control behavior by BMI in Korean female high school students. Data on the 16, 574 subjects was obtained from the sixth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2010). Only 52.2% of the subjects had regular breakfast. The rate of skipping breakfast was higher in the underweight group than in the obese group, but the rate of skipping dinner was on the contrary to this. Underweight students had a higher intake frequency of fruits, fast food, instant noodle, and snacks than the obese groups. 3.5% of underweight students considered themselves to be overweight or obese. 53.4% of obese students considered themselves to be overweight. The experience of weight control increased according to BMI, but underweight students considered weight control as an effort to be slimmer. Meal restriction was used more frequently to control weight. The perceived stress level was higher in obese student, especially due to appearance. Therefore, an appropriate, integrated and personalized high school nutrition program should be established for proper body image perception and to develop the self-esteem of female high school students.