The purpose of this study was to find efficient and customized tools for delivering the benefit of health functional foods (HFFs). Delivery tools which could influence the impact of advertising were images, explanations of ingredients, diagrams of health benefit, patents, and comments from authority. Six advertisements were developed using these tools: “A”: relevant image + explanation of ingredients + scientific diagram of efficacy; “B”: relevant image + explanation of ingredients; “C”: relevant image; “D”: irrelevant image; “E”: irrelevant image + explanation of ingredient + patent; “F”: irrelevant image + explanation of ingredient + comments from authority. To analyze the consumer perceptions on HFFs and advertisement effects, 300 respondents were requested to answer a questionnaire comprising of the following questions: 5 questions of attitudes (necessity of HFFs, trust in HFFs, gathering information, watching advertisements and trust in advertisement claims) and 6 questions on the 6 developed advertisements (attention, understanding, sufficiency of information, sympathy, trust, and purchase). Scoring was done as per the 5 Likert scale. There was a higher proportion of females and the elderly, as compared to males and youngsters. The overall consumer attitudes were positive. Explanation of ingredients, scientific diagram of health benefit, patents and expert comments were helpful factors in increasing the advertisement evaluation by consumer, but the images were not. Advertisement evaluation of consumer did not differ with gender and age. However, differences were observed between some of the consumer attitudes (necessity of HFFs, trust in HFFs, gathering information and trust in advertisements claim) and advertisement evaluations (attention, understanding, sympathy and purchase). Our results indicate that for consumers utilizing the HFFs, advertisements with concrete tools such as diagrams, patent, and expert comments are more helpful. However, for consumers who do not have interest in HFFs, the scientific information was irrelevant. We believe that to maximize the effect of health information in advertisements, consumers should be segmented, and customized tools for each segment needs to be developed.

The study investigates the effect of different types of visual images, i.e., static images versus dynamic images, on English vocabulary learning. Eighty-four students in the fourth grade of an elementary school participated in this study, and they were divided into two experimental groups and a control group. One of the experimental groups utilized static images, and the other group, videos as dynamic images in vocabulary learning. The control group was provided with the definition or the explanation of each target word in L1. The results of the study manifested that the static image group showed higher scores for the post test than the dynamic image group. The comparison of the pre and post affective tests demonstrated that the static image group showed an improvement in confidence in language learning and the dynamic image group showed positive change in the attitude of all three areas: interest, confidence, and aroused motivation. The analysis of the open-ended questionnaires showed that many participants in the static image group tended to use pictures as retrieval cues to remember vocabulary.

본 연구는 일상생활에서 경제활동 도구로 쓰이는 ‘동전’을 활용하여 수학적 의미를 구성한 활동이 유아들의 수학적 태도와 수 연산 능력에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보는데 목적이 있 다. 본 연구대상은 경기도에 위치한 공립유치원 만5세 두 개 반을 선정하였고, 주간교육계획안 을 통하여 유아1인당, 500원짜리 동전 4개․100원짜리 동전 5개․50원짜리 5개․10원짜리 10 개 동전을 활용한 활동을 실험 집단 유아들에게 약 2개월 동안 주 2회씩 15개의 활동을 적용하 였고, 비교집단과 함께 사전․사후를 검사하여 결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구결과는 첫째, 동전 수학 활동을 실시한 실험집단의 유아들이 수·조작 영역에서 활동을 한 비교집단의 유아들보다 수학적 태도 향상에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나왔다. 둘째, 동전 수학 활동을 실시한 실험집단의 유아들이 수․조작 영역 활동을 한 비교집단의 유아들보다 수와 연산 이해에 유의 미한 영향을 미친 것으로 나왔다. 결론적으로 경제활동 도구인 ‘동전’을 활용한 수학 활동은 유아의 수학적 태도와, 수 연산 능력에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 경제활동에 꼭 필요한 ‘동전’이라는 도구는 유아들의 수학 태도와 수 연산 능력을 향상 시키기 위한 효과적인 교수-학습방법에서의 수학적 도구가 될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

본 논문은 노년을 주제로 다루는 예이츠의 시 작품 일부를 분석한다. 그 의 시에서 특이한 점은 노년과 나이 들어감의 문제가 그의 초기 시에서 말기 시까지 나타난다는 사실이다. 즉, 예이츠는 나이 들어감은 인생의 일부라는 것을 인지하였다는 사실이다. 이를테면, ｢연금수령자의 탄식｣은 20대에 쓰인 작품인데, 인간은 노쇠한 육 체에서 벗어날 수 없으며 시간의 흐름에 순응해야 한다는 것을 인정한 시이다. 이 논 문은 각 시에서의 미묘한 차이점을 파악하려고 한다. 즉, ｢당신이 나이 들면｣, ｢학동들 속에서｣, ｢탑｣, ｢모든 영혼의 밤｣, ｢비잔티움으로의 항해｣등을 읽을 것이다. 각각의 시 에서 노년에 대한 예이츠의 양가성이 보이는데, 우리는 이 시들을 단순히 노년의 시들 로 부르지 말고 이 각각의 시에서의 미세한 차이점에 주목해야 한다.

The concern over beauty is increasing as the importance of appearance is becoming more prominent. Accordingly, the importance of studying beauty is now apparent. The purpose of this study is to analyze existing beauty-related research in order to assess current trends in beauty-related studies. Materials were collected from the master’s theses and academic journals from 1997 through 2016. In addition, 81 beauty-related papers were selected and classified into 3 categories according to their subjects and content. There were 19 hair attitude papers, 52 papers about make-up and skincare, and 10 papers on cosmetic surgery. Each type was divided into detailed themes according to the study theme and its number was grasped. Consequently it was classified into 9 themes about the attitude toward hair and the relevant variable study, 10 themes about the attitude toward hair style and relevant variable study, 24 themes about the make-up attitude and relevant variable study, 28 themes about the skin care attitude and relevant variable study, and 10 themes about the cosmetic surgery attitude and relevant variable study. The results revealed that academic concern about beauty sharply increased starting in 2005. Moreover, we determined that the methodologies used in hair and make-up studies were sound and detailed, while cosmetic surgery studies were more inconsistent and poorly analyzed. Thus cosmetic surgery should be further researched in a more standardized and thorough manner. This review of attitudes toward beauty will serve as a basis for follow-up studies that employ meta-analyses to draw more quantitative conclusions by aggregating many more study results.

This study was performed to investigate the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors among high school students by gender. The subjects were 275 students (127 male, 148 female) in Incheon metropolitan area. Selfadministered questionnaires consisted of general characteristics and anthropometric data, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors. The average score of nutrition knowledge was significantly higher in female subjects (9.4) compared to male subjects (8.2) (p<0.01). Male subjects had a higher score for dietary attitudes than female subjects (p<0.001). Frequency of meals was significantly higher in male subjects compared to female subjects (p<0.05). Duration of meal time in male subjects was significantly higher (‘5-10 minutes’) compared to female subjects (p<0.001). Unbalanced diet was significantly higher in female subjects (66.3%) compared to male subjects (48.9%) (p<0.01). Male subjects showed significantly higher consumption frequency of ‘dairy’ (p<0.001) and ‘beans’ (p<0.001) compared to female subjects. For snack consumption, male subjects showed higher consumption frequency of ‘nuts’ (p<0.001), ‘soda’ (p<0.05), ‘fast foods’ (p<0.001), and ‘ramyeon’ (p<0.01), but lower consumption frequency of ‘biscuits and bakery’ (p<0.01) compared to female subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a systemic nutrition education program for high school students by gender.

본 연구는 아동이 지각하는 부모양육태도와 사회적지지가 스마트폰 중독에 미치는 영향이 어떠한 지를 알아보기 위한 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 인천광역시 남구 소재의 3곳의 초등학생 4∼6학년을 대상으로 설 문하였고 총 422부를 회수하여 자료를 분석하였다. 자료 분석방법은 SPSS 18.0 통계프로그램을 이용하 여 빈도분석, 평균비교분석, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 이에 따른 분석된 결과는 다음과 같다. 가설 1의 부모양육태도는 스마트폰 중독과 부적 상관관계를 나 타내었고 통계적으로는 유의미하게 나타났다. 부모의 양육태도가 수용·자율적 태도일수록 스마트폰 중독 이 낮게 도출되었다. 가설 2의 사회적지지는 스마트폰 중독과 부적 상관관계를 나타내었고 통계적으로는 유의미하게 나타났다. 이것은 사회적지지가 높을수록 스마트폰 중독이 낮다는 것을 의미한다. 그러므로 아동의 스마트폰 중독을 예방하기 위해서는 아동에게 적합한 부모님의 양육태도가 요구되며, 긍정적인 또 래관계 형성을 위하여 스마트폰 중독 예방교육 및 치유프로그램 등의 개발이 요구되고 있다.

This study conducted a survey with 203 single households among men and women in their 20s to 40s who were living in metropolitan areas from October 6 to November 4, 2012 in order to investigate the dietary attitude of the single households. The ratio of single households who had three meals a day regularly was 2.85 points, which was lower than the normal level, and it turned out that those in their 20s and 30s had meals more regularly than those in their 40s did (p<0.001). As for the irregular meal time, most were breakfast (85.9%), and it turned out that they often skipped meals mostly because they did not have time to eat and (41.7%) or because that bothered them (26.0%). 62.6% of the single households did overeating and most of them (39.4%) did overeating because of their irregular meals. Of the single households, women or persons who had lived alone for less than 3 years or more than 7 years cooked at home, more often (p<0.05), and most of them (42%) cooked noodles, easy to cook, but women cooked Korean food-based homemade food such as rice (31.7%) or soup and stew (21.2%), often (p<0.05). It turned out that 36.9% of the single households often ate out about two to three times a day, and as for their favorite eating-out menus, 39.4% were Korean food, followed by Western food (23.8%), flour-based food (13.5%), fast food (9.8%), Chinese food (7.3%) and Japanese food (6.2%). Lastly, as for inconveniences when they ate out, most were the ‘price’ (22.8%), followed by ‘too much amount of food for one person’ (20.2%) and ‘limitations in menu selection’ (19.2%). As a result of this study, it appeared that the single households had an irregular dietary life, often did overeating and often ate out, so it is judged that it would be necessary to develop a variety of nutritionally-balanced HMR food and eating-out menus in a reasonable price range for their healthy dietary life.

최근 한국의 소년사법에서 우려할 만한 현상 가운데 하나가 재범률의 증가이다. 6호 처분은 40년간 중간단계 처우로서 운영되어왔지만, 과연 6호 처분이 소년범의 재비행 예방에 기여하고 있는지에 대한 연구는 미흡하다. 6호 처분 시설들이 과거와는 다르게 새로운 프로그램을 도입하는 등 변화를 하고 있다는 시점에서 새로운 관심과 연구들이 필요하다. 이 연구는 기존의 시설 내 처우가 주는 낙인효과(labelling effect)와 범죄배양효과(crime breeding effect)을 극복하자는 6호 처분의 목적에 근거하여, 6호 처분의 프로그램이 과연 입소자의 재범태도에 영향을 미치고 있는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위해, 가족요인, 학교요인, 또래요인, 과거 판결횟수 등 입소 전 과거 생활과 재범태도에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 높은 입소 후 행동변화를 추가하여 프로그램이 재범태도에 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보았다. 또한 재범태도에 영향을 미치는 요인들과의 경로를 통해 프로그램 효과를 탐색하였다. 연구결과를 살펴보면, 주요 변인을 중심으로 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 가족애착과 또래애착, 프로그램만족도만이 유의미하게 나타났다. 친구들과의 애착관계가 잘 형성되어 있을수록, 가족과의 애착이 클수록, 프로그램만족도가 높을수록 재범태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있었다. 더불어 재범태도에 영향을 미치는 요인들 간의 경로는 어떠한 지 분석해본 결과, 프로그램 만족도만이 재범태도에 직접효과와 간접효과를 가지고 있었다. 위의 결과를 토대로 지역사회 내 수용처우 입소자들이 재범을 하지 않겠다는 의지 혹은 태도를 높이기 위해서는 입소자를 위한 프로그램강화와 실질적인 차원에서의 프로그램 효과성을 높일 수 있는 정책과 제도적 장치가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 한국의 현실에 근거한 지역사회 내 수용시설 프로그램 개발, 운영, 관리, 평가 등에 대한 연구들도 마련되어야 할 것이다.

The purpose of this study is to explore changes in university students’ self-directed learning attitude through the implementation of self-assessment in a classroom setting. The current study adopted Guglielmino’s (1977) characteristics to investigate changes in students’ self-directed learning attitude over time: self-directedness, responsibility, creativity, and problem-solving. A class of 24 students enrolled in Current English Practice was observed for 15 weeks, where four self-assessment sessions were administered. After mid-term exam, a questionnaire was conducted to find out whether self-assessment helped students with their self-directed learning attitude. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with four students of a group regarding possible changes in self-directed learning attitude through self-assessment in the course of time. The findings are as follows. First, the results of the survey indicated that students felt positive changes in those four characteristics of self-directed learning attitude by the implementation of self-assessment in the classroom. Second, the analysis of in-depth interviews supported the findings of the questionnaire that self-assessment provided students with opportunities to strengthen their self-directed learning attitude. However, there is a research limitation that the impact of self-assessment cannot be singled out because of the flipped learning method in class.

본 연구는 현대 조직에서 조직구성원의 직무태도와 행동에 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 요인 중 하나인 상사신뢰가 조직구성원의 직무만족과 이직의도에 미치는 영향과 그 메커니즘을 확인하였다. 먼저, 상사신 뢰와 직무태도에 대한 선행연구를 바탕으로 상사신뢰가 직무만족 및 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 상대적으 로 직업적 안정성이 보장된 지방자치단체 공무원을 대상으로 검증함으로써 상사신뢰의 효과에 대한 외적 타당도를 확대하고자 하였다. 보다 중요하게도, 상사신뢰가 조직구성원의 직무만족과 이직의도에 미치는 영향력 관계의 메커니즘에 대한 이해를 확대하기 위하여 일가치감의 매개효과와 조직정치지각의 조절효 과를 검증하였다. 지방자치단체 공무원 총 260명을 대상으로 2회에 걸쳐 수집된 설문자료를 분석한 결과, 상사신뢰는 직무만족과 정(+)의 관계를, 이직의도와는 부(-)의 관계를 보였다. 또한 일가치감은 상사신뢰와 정(+)의 관계가 있고, 직무만족과는 정(+)의 관계, 이직의도와는 부(-)의 관계가 있었으며, 상사신뢰와 직무태도와의 관계를 매개함이 확인되었다. 조직정치지각은 상사신뢰와 일가치감의 관계를 조절하였는 데, 조직정치지각의 수준이 높을 때보다 낮을 때 상사신뢰가 일가치감에 미치는 영향이 더 강하게 나타남 이 확인되었다. 뿐만 아니라, 상사신뢰가 일가치감을 매개로 조직구성원의 직무태도에 미치는 간접효과에 대해서도 조직정치지각의 조절효과가 확인되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 시사점, 제한점 및 추후 연구과제에 대해 논의하였다.

This study was executed to deduce the factors affecting eco-friendly behaviors and attitudes, to analyse the difference of eco-friendly behaviors and attitudes between countries, and to draw the variables affecting clothing recycling behavior. The sample comprised people from the UK, China, South Korea. The results were as follows. The four factors related to eco-friendly behaviors and the five factors related to eco-friendly attitudes were derived from the results of factor analysis. In the case of eco-friendly behaviors, four eco-friendly behavior factors showed a significant difference all according to gender and country. In the case of eco-friendly attitudes, saving of natural resources for eco-friendly life, recycling for eco-friendly life, and individual preference for eco-friendly life showed a significant according to gender, also recycling for eco-friendly life, individual preference for eco-friendly life, social awareness for eco-friendly life, and company’s awareness for eco-friendly life showed a significant difference according to country. All of the variables related to clothing recycling behaviors showed the significant difference according to gender and countries. It was verified that the stronger the behaviors or attitudes for waste recycling and environmental protection, individual preference for eco-friendly life, saving of natural resources, buying eco-friendly products, and separate collection for recycling, the more positive the action to clothing recycling. The results of this study will be helpful to establish a marketing strategy for each country and to deduce a plan to attract clothing recycling form people.

This study investigated the effects of using comic strips and context on the vocabulary learning of Korean high school students. Ninety high school students participated in the study and they were divided into three groups: a control group and two experimental groups using comic strips and using context, respectively. In addition, questionnaires were used to investigate students’ attitudes toward English vocabulary learning. The results of the study revealed that there were statistically significant differences in productive vocabulary retention among three groups in terms of short-term memory. In particular, the experimental groups showed high short-term memory rate compared with the control group, which may mean that the use of comic strips and context in English vocabulary learning is effective in improving learners’ productive vocabulary retention. Also there was a statistically significant difference in productive vocabulary retention among three groups in terms of long-term memory. The experimental groups showed a high long-term memory rate compared with the control group. The results of the questionnaire revealed that the two experimental groups showed more positive attitudes towards English vocabulary learning. This may suggest that teaching vocabulary with comic strips and context could be effective for students in English classes, and it is very helpful to develop various activities using comic strips and context.

본 연구는 공연예술분야에서 소비자에 대한 중요성이 계속 높아지고 있으며 소비자 를 극장으로 끌어들이는 전략 또한 점점 다양해지고 있는 시점에서 보다 적극적 인 대응을 위하여 특히 온라인 매체의 하나인 SNS를 공연예술 마케팅에 반영하는 연구의 필요성이 커지고 있다고 사료된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 점차 경제적 중요성과 비중이 커져 가고 있는 국내 공연예술 시장을 중심으로 SNS특성이 관람객에게 미치는 영향에 대한 실증 분석을 통해 마케팅전략을 위한 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 공연예술 업 계의 효율적인 고객관리전략과 마케팅전략을 수립하기 위한 것으로 공연예술 관람객를 대 상으로 SNS특성에 대한 인식을 파악하고 관람자의 지속적 이용의도에 미치는 영향관계를 파악하고자 하며, 또한 SNS특성이 관람객의 태도와 몰입에 미치는 인과관계를 실증분석하 고자 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구의 실증분석 결과, SNS특성에 대한 평가가 좋아지면 좋아 질수록 공연예술에 대한 태도와 몰입이 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, 공연예술에 대한 태도 와 몰입이 증가하면 증가할수록 관람자의 지속적 이용의도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

This paper presents basic supporting data necessary for planning an educational intervention strategy as part of a communication strategy that would form an extensive national consensus on and enhance national understanding of irradiated foods. A survey was conducted to collect data on the knowledge, attitude, and behavior with regard to irradiated foods among community. It appeared 133 male (36.5%) and 231 women persons (63.5%). After irradiated food were analyzed, whole knowledge, attitude, and behavior standard to the irradiated food is 2.32, 11.90, and 12.92 scores respectively. The knowledge, attitude, behavior of irradiated foods according to person characteristics were analyzed. The knowledge on irradiated food was statistical difference by gender, age, education standard and occupation (p<0.05), whereas no statistical difference marriage (p>0.05). The attitude on irradiated food was statistical difference by age, education standard and occupation (p<0.05), whereas no statistical difference gender (p>0.05). The behavior on irradiated food was statistical difference by age, education standard and occupation (p<0.05), whereas no statistical difference gender and marriage (p>0.05). The coefficient of correlation of knowledge and attitude in irradiated food showed positive correlation of r=0.324 (p<0.01). The coefficient of correlation of knowledge and behavior in irradiated food showed negative correlation of r=－0.118 (p<0.05). The coefficient of correlation of attitude and behavior in irradiated food showed negative correlation of r=－0.316 (p<0.01).