The main constituent of green tea, catechins have been reported to have numberous biological activites including antimutagenic, antibacterial, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant and antitumor properties. In the present study, we examined the protective effect of catechin on UVB-induced skin damage. Catechin (3 mg/mouse) was topically treated to dosal area of SHK-1 hairless mouse daily for 2 weeks. UVB (100 mJ/㎠) was also treated soon after application of catechin alone or with catechin for 2 weeks. Catechin reduced UVB-induced infiltration of inflammatory cells, fibrosis of cells and collagen-fiber formation. In addition, catechin also prevented UVB-induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis cell number, but not changed p53 level. Furthermore catechin inhibited UVB-induced cell proliferation. There results showed that catechin have preventive effect against UVB-induced skin damages, and these effects could contribute to the antitumor promotors activity.

Green Tea consists of 15-30% catechins (a type of polyphenol), which act as super antioxidants, inhibitory action against aging process. Antioxidants fight radical-free oxygen, an agent which can begin the process of cancer by damaging essential body chemicals and harming DNA. This study was peformed to develop the elderly diet using Green Tea as an inhibitory action against aging process. Nokchaborijook (Baley gruel added rice powder and Green Tea) was manufactured by various levels of Green Tea(1, 4, 7%) and the grinding period(15, 30, 45 sec). The optimum levels of added Green Tea and grinding periods on Nokchaborijook were determined with the results of sensory evaluation by response surface methodology and analysis of composition. The Anti-oxidant Vitamin A, C, E and Flavonoid were increased with increased levels of Green Tea and grinding periods be decreased. As the levels of Green Tea and grinding periods were increased, the green color and penetrated force became stronger. Among the sensory attributes, Bitterness, Green Tea Flavor and Hashness were greater depending on increasing Green Tea. Jujube flavor was greater relying on decreasing Green Tea. Greenness and spreadability of particles were increased as both the amounts of Green Tea and the grinding period were increased. This result was used to determine the optimum conditions of adding levels of Green Tea and grinding periods. The optimum conditions of Nokchaborijook was established as adding of 5.8% Green Tea grinded for 15 seconds.

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of green tea catechins (GTC) on the lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD). GTC showed the high SOD activity, while significantly inhibited the peroxide value of linoleic acid (93%) and lipid petoacidation (84%) from rat liver microsomal fraction induced by Fe^(2+)/ascorbate system. The effects of GTC on the SOD and catalase activities, and lipid peroxidation after oral administration were investigated. GTC (50 mg/kg) significantly increased SOD (62%) and catalase activities (75%), while significantly inhibited the lipid peroxidation (52%) of rat liver microsome in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that GTC has the antioxidative effect which is related to the prevention of aging and cancer.

해조류의 최적생장 조건과 내성범위는 그 발달단계에 따라 다양하게 나타날 수 있다. 특히 초기 정착단계에서의 생장은 성체로의 성공여부를 결정하는데 있어 중요한 의미를 갖는다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 녹조 구멍갈파래 (Ulva pertusa)의 생식세포와 발아체를 이용하여 무기영양염류와 중금속이 발아와 발아체 생장에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 이들의 내성범위 및 최적조건을 구하고자 하였다. 먼저 광량에 따른 발아율은 동해와 서해해수 조건 모두에서 광량이 증가

해외에서는 산림에 심각한 피해를 주는 Melanolophia imitata(Walker)가 우리나라에서 처음으로 보고된다. 이 종은 캐나다에서는 침엽수의 해충으로 알려져 있으며 동아시아 지역에서도 대량 발생할 경우 심각한 산림해충으로 예상되는 종이다

서정호(작물시험장) 이호진(서울대학교 농업생명과학대학) 허일봉(작물시험장) 김시주(작물시험장) 김충국(작물시험장) 조현숙(작물시험장)

Plant characteristics of four winter crop hairy vetch, red clover, crimson clover and rye as green manure were evaluated at three harvesting time(Apri1 23, May 9, May 28) in spring to select superior winter green manure crop. Rye and hairy vetch had super

CEM BIO P.E.필름으로 피복된 시설에서 300~1,100nm 사이의 분광투과율은 일반 P.E. 필름으로 피복된 시설보다 높았다. 전반적으로 시설내 광투과율은 이중피복, 골조, 기타시설물 때문에 노지에 비하여 절반 수준을 나타냈다. 순복사량은 CEM BIO P.E. 필름 피복시설이 5,424.5W.m-2 로서 일반 P.E.필름 피복시설보다 2.9% 낮았고, 광합성유효복사 투과율은 CEM BIO P.E.필름 피복시설이 3,861.2W.n-2 로서 일반 P.E. 필름 피복시설보다 3.8% 높았으며, 무가온기의 적산최저온도는 CEM BIO P.E. 필름 피복시설이 일반 P.E. 필름 피복시설보다 1일 평균 0.35℃ 높았다. 정식후 30일의 풋고추 생육은 CEM BIO P.E. 필름 피복시설에서 초장, 경경, 엽면적, 생체중, 건물중 및 군락생산구조가 우수하였고, 과실은 과중이 11.28g으로 일반 P.E. 필름 피복시설 보다 1.25g 무거웠으며, 상품율은 2.7% 높았다. 1997년 11월 19일부터 1998년 3월 3일 사이의 수량은 CEM BIO P.E. 필름피복시설에서 7.4% 많았으나 전체적인 수량은 차이를 보이지 않았다.

플라즈마 필름은 플라스틱 필름 표면의 유적성을 향상시키기 위하여 고전압처리 되었다. 플라즈마 필름과 계면활성제 필름(대조구)를 각각 직경 25mm 두께 1.5mm 골조 파이프 하우스에 피복하였다. 또한 40일 플러그 육묘된 풋고추를 110cmx25cm 간격으로 정식하였다. 피복시 수온을 70℃로 처리된 수적발생 장치에서 나온 수증기가 필름 표면에서 응결되어 흘러내려 비이커에 모인 양을 150분 후에 측정한 결과, 플라즈마 필름에서 2.56mL.100cm-2 , 계면활성제 필름에서 0.94mL.100cm-2 이 나왔다. 피복 60일 후 오전 8시 20분에 시설내 필름 표면에 부착된 수적량은 플라즈마 필름에서 0.34mL.100cm-2 , 계면활성제필름에서 0.32mL.10cm-2 이었다. 광 투과율은 플라즈마 필름 피복시설이 계면활성제 피복시설 보다 2.0% 높았다. 그리고 시설내 기온은 플라즈마 필름 피복시설이 계면활성제 피복시설 보다 0.5℃ 높았다. 그러나 상대습도는 차이가 없었다. 풋고추 초장, 엽면적, 건물중 및 초기수량 또한 처리간에 차이가 없었다.

The principal objective of this study was to clone transgenic embryos in order to improve the efficiency of transgenic animal production by the combination of microinjection and nuclear transplantation techniques. Mature female New Zealand White rabbits were superovulated by eCG and hCG treatments, fllowed by natural mating. Zygotes were collected from the oviducts at 18∼22 h after hCG injection by flushing with D-PBS containing 5% fetal calf serum(FCS). Two to three picoliters of green fluorescent protein(GFP) gene wa microinjected into male pronucleus. The foreign gene-injected zygotes were cultured in TCM-199 or RD medium containing 10% FCS with a monolayer of rabbit oviductal epithelial cells in a 5% CO2 incubator. The morulae expressing GFP gene were selected and their blastomeres were separated for the use of nuclear donor. Following nuclear transplantation of fluorescence-positive morula stage blastomeres, 13 (21.3%) out of 61 fused oocytes developed to blastocyst stage and all of the cloned blastocysts expressed GFP. The results indicate that the screening of transgene in rabbit embryos by GFP detection could be a promisible method for the preselection of transgenic embryos. Also the cloning of preselected transgenic embryos by nuclear transplantatin could be efficiently applied to the multiple production of transgenic animals.

The efficiency of transgenic livestock production could be improved by early screening of transgene-integration and sexing of embryos at preimplantational stages before trasferring them into recipients. We examined the effciency of multiplex PCR analysis for the simultaneous confirmation of the trasgene and sex during the preimplantational development of bovine embryos and the possibility of green fluorescent protein(GFP) gene as a non-invasive marker for the early screening of transgenic embryos. The GFP gene was microinjected into the male pronuclei of bovine zygotes produced in vitro. The injected zygotes were co-cultured in TCM-199 containing 10% FCS with boving oviductal epithelial cells in a 5% CO2 incubator. Seventeen(13.0%) out of 136 gene-injected bovine zygotes developed by multiplex PCR analysis and the expression of GFP was detected by observing green fluorescence in embryos under a fluorescent microscope. Eight(67%) of 12 embryos at 2-cell to blastocyst stage were positive in the PCR analysis, but only two(11.8%) of 17 blastocysts expressed the GFP gene. Their sex was determined as 7 female and 5 male embryos by the PCR analysis. The results indicate that the screening of GFP gene and sex in bovine embryos by PCR analysis and fluorescence detection could be a promisible method for the preselection of transgenic embryos.

소간냉동건조분말, 누에번데기냉동건조분말, 수벌가루를 각각 첨가하여 만든 인공사료들을 이용하여 칠성풀잠자리붙이(Chrysopa pallens(Rambur))를 사육한 결과 누에냉동건조분말을 1% 수준으로 첨가한 먹이에서만 효율이 증대되었으며, 유충발육기간이 15.60.99일, 고치무게가 2.94mg, 성충까지의 생존율이 89.3%로 나타났다. 또한 소간냉동건조분말, 소고기냉동건조분말, 달걀냉동건조분말 그리고 설탕을 각각 4/4/3/4의 비율로 놓고 비타민 C와 Vanderzant의 비타민 B 혼합물을 각각 50mg씩 넣은 먹이로 칠성풀잠자리붙이를 사육한 결과 유충발육기간이 1.45일, 고치무게가 2.24mg, 성충까지 생존율이 100%fh 나타났으며, 산란 시작후 20일간의 산란수가 70.4개에 달해서, 이 인공사료를 이용한 칠성풀잠자리붙이의 대량사육이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구에서는 동해와 서해에서 채수된 자연해수에서 녹조 구멍갈파래를 배양하여 생장을 비교하고 아울러 환경오염인자라고 할 수 있는 무기영양염류(질산염과 인산염)와 중금속(구리와 납)의 영향을 평가하였다. 먼저, 광량별 생장율은 서해해수조건보다 동해해수조건에서 뚜렷하게 높게 나타났으며 이때 최적생장광량은 두 조건에서 공히 100μ molm-2 s-1인 것으로 나타났다. 엽록소 함량의 경우 60 μmolm­2S­1이하의

갈파래의 포자가 부착한 Agar와 Agarose코팅필름은 agar, agarose 또는 메탄놀의 농도에 따라 다양한 표면의 성질을 나타냈다. Sigma agarose 코팅필름에서 가장 많은 수의 포자 부착이 일어났다. Bacto agar과 그외 agarose으로 코팅한 필름에 부착한 포자는 Sigma agarose으로 코팅한 필름보다 12∼36배나 적었다. 2.5%와 5％ 의 SeaKem agarose와 Bacto agar 코팅필름의 비교에서 두 개의

The storage stability from powdered anchovy and its preparation cooperated with three additives (water extract from green tea and boxthorn and BHT) was studied. The results are as follows: 1. When the additives were added to powdered anchovy, the storage stability was improved. The antioxidative activities of water extract from green tea and boxthorn were considerably higher than BHT. The antioxidative activities were decreased in the rank order boxthorn $gt; green tea $gt; BHT. 2. The more the concentration of natural additives was increased, the more the storage stability was improved. The rank order was 60° $gt; 40° $gt; 20° Bx. 3. The AV and POV of powdered anchovy were increased in the rank order to 6 $lt; 12 $lt; 18 $lt; 24 $lt; 30 months by storage term. 4. This clearly suggested that water extract at 20° Bx level from boxthorn was possible utilization as a new natural antioxidant for storage stability of powdered anchovy.

Autographa californica 핵다각체병 바이러스(AcNPV)의 다각체 단백질과 초록색 형광 단백질의 융합단백질의 특성을 분석하였다. 초록색 형광 단백질 유전자는 AcNPV의 완전한 다각체 단백질 유전자의 앞쪽과 뒤쪽에 융합하여 다각체 단백질 유전자의 프로모터 조절하에 도입하였다. 이렇게 작성된 재조합 바이러스를 각각 Ac-GFPPOL 또는 Ac-POLGFP이라고 명명하였다. 이들 재조합 바이러스에 의해 감염된 곤충세포주에서는 56kDa의 융합단백질이 발현되었다. 한편, 흥미롭게도 재조합 바이러스 Ac-POLGFP에 의해 감염된 세포주에서는 초록색 형광이 핵내에서만 다각체 유사 granular particle 형태로 관찰되었다. 반면에 Ac-GFPPOP에 의해 감염된 세포도주에서는 대부분 핵내에 존재하였지만, 세포질과 핵 모두에서 초록색 형광을 관찰할 수 있었다. 그러나 발현된 융합단백질은 분명히 다각체단백질을 포함하고 있음에도 다각체는 형성하지 않았다. 이러한 결과들은 융합단백질에서 다각체단백질의 위치와 관련이 있는 것으로 보여진다.

The efficiency of transgenic livestock animal production may be improved by early selection of transgenci preimplantation embryos. To examine the possibility of GFP gene as a non-invasive marker for the early screening of transgenic embryo, the GFP gene was microinjected into rabbit zygotes and the later stages of preimplantation embryos were examined for the expression of GFP. The presence of injected DNA was detected by PCR analysis and the expression of GFP was detected by observing green fluorescence in embryos under a fluorescent microscope. Out of 108 GFP gene-injected rabbit zygotes, seventy three(67.6%) were fluorescence-positive. When 11 fluroresecence-positive blastocysts were analyzed for the presence of GFP gene by PCR, 6(54.5%) were positive, and all of the 8 flrouescence-negative blastocysts were also negative by PCR. The results indicate that the screening of transgene in rabbit embryos by PCR analysis and GFP detection could be a promising method for the preselection of transgenic embryos.