This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of rose pasta sauce added with plant-based meat substitutes and plant-based ingredients. The rose pasta sauces were prepared by varying the proportions of tomato sauce and soy milk-based mayonnaise. As the proportion of soy milk mayonnaise increased and the proportion of tomato sauce decreased, the pH increased and the total acidity decreased. The total polyphenol content of rose pasta sauce ranged from 122.59 to 168.09 mg/100 mL, with higher values found in pasta sauces containing soy milk mayonnaise, particularly in the B treatment (70% tomato sauce, 30% soy milk mayonnaise) and tannin content was also highest in the B treatment (117.61 mg%). ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 34.90% to 40.62%, with significantly higher values observed in A, B, and C. DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 63.42% to 84.46%, with the highest activity found in the A treatment, followed by the B treatment. These results suggest that the development of rose pasta sauces with plant-based ingredients and meat substitutes can offer diverse applications and potential in the food industry.

본 연구에서는 열유도상분리법으로 제조한 polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) 중공사막의 오염성과 화학적 세척에 대한 실험을 진행하였다. 오염수는 소 혈청 단백질(bovine serum albumin, BSA)과 카올린(kaolin)을 이용해 제조하였으며, 차아 염소산나트륨(NaOCl), 구연산(citric acid), 황산(H2SO4)으로 화학적 세척을 진행한 후 뒤 표면 전하 분석기, 주사전자현미경 (scanning electron microscope, SEM) 그리고 에너지 분산 X선 분광법(energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EDX)을 통해 세 척 효율을 평가하였다. PVDF 분리막은 높은 내화학성과 열적 안정성을 가지는 분리막으로 화학적 세척을 진행한 결과 가장 좋은 효율은 차아염소산나트륨으로 세척한 것으로 그 결과 투과도는 793.2 L/(m2.h.bar)로 초기 투과량인 945.3 L/(m2.h.bar) 값과 비교하였을 때 약 84% 회복률을 보여주었다. 이는 수처리 공정에서의 막 오염 방지 및 세척의 중요성을 제시한다.

The leaves and stalks of sweet potato have attracted considerable interest as a health food due to numerous studies reporting the presence of functional compounds and various physiological activities. This study analyzed the functional components in the aerial parts of six domestically developed sweet potato cultivars and compared their antioxidant activities. The total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and total phenolic acid content ranged from 76.9 to 148.6 mg GAE/g, 3.98 to 11.90 mg CE/g, and 44.19 to 93.56 mg/100 g, respectively. Among the cultivars examined, 'Gogeonmi' and 'Tongchaeru' exhibited high levels of these compounds, and their DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were superior to those of the other cultivars. The GABA content ranged from 0.59 to 2.55 mg/g, with 'Tongchaeru' and 'Jinhongmi' showing the highest levels. Lutein content ranged from 0.10 to 0.24 mg/g, with 'Tongchaeru' reaching its maximum concentration 90 days post-cultivation. Extracts from 'Tongchaeru' significantly inhibited the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) inflammatory cytokines, with the water extract demonstrating a stronger effect than the pretanol extract. These findings suggest that the aerial parts of sweet potato could serve as excellent functional vegetables and bioactive ingredients for health food applications.

The world population is rapidly increasing; over the past 40 years, it has risen by 3.3 billion, reaching 7.8 billion people. Globally, Solanaceae plants contribute more than 6.5 million tons of food to the world’s diet, with potatoes being the fourth most produced crop, cultivated in over 300 countries. However, caution is necessary when consuming plants from the Solanaceae family, as they contain toxic substances known as alkaloids. While alkaloids can offer beneficial effects, such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory compounds, and anti-cancer properties, tolerance to these compounds varies among individuals, meaning even very small amounts can have fatal effects.Among the major crops in the Solanaceae family, potatoes contain solanine and chaconine; tomatoes contain tomatine; and eggplants contain solasonine and solamargine. The concentration of these substances varies depending on the part of the plant, its developmental stage, and its variety. Additionally, levels can increase significantly due to environmental stress. The environment profoundly impacts the synthesis of secondary metabolites related to survival and defense. Research has confirmed that environmental conditions-such as high-temperature cultivation, low-temperature storage, drought and rainfall, strong light, weak light (shade conditions), and excessive fertilizer application-can increase alkaloid synthesis. Therefore, this study reviews research on alkaloids in Solanaceae crops.

본 연구에서는 산화 방지 특성이 있는 가려진 페놀기를 도입한 산화 그래핀(hindered phenol-grafted graphene oxide, HP-GO)을 합성한 후 탄화수소계 고분자인 sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES)을 기지체로 사용한 복합 막을 제조하여 고분자 연료전지 시스템에 응용하고자 하였다. HP-GO는 GO 표면의 하이드록시기(hydroxy group)와 HP의 염화 카 보닐(carbonyl chloride) 간의 친핵성 아실치환 반응을 통해 합성되었으며, HP-GO의 비율을 다르게 첨가한 복합 막을 제조한 후 선형 SPAES 막과의 비교를 통해 성능 특성 변화를 확인하였다. 특정 함량의 HP-GO를 첨가한 복합 막의 경우 선형 SPAES 막에 비해 체적 안정성과 기계적 강도 및 수소 이온 전도도가 증가된 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 펜톤 평가(Fenton’s test) 진행 후 막 분해 시간 및 잔여 막 무게 비율이 증가되는 경향을 통해 화학적 내구성 역시 증가한 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

This study evaluated the suitability of using Wickerhamomyces anomalus A1-5 isolated from solid grain fermentation broth for winemaking by comparing the quality and functionality of Campbell Early wine produced with single and mixed inoculations. The pH ranged from 3.43 to 3.68, with the highest value in treatment B. Soluble solids ranged from 5.0 to 7.7 °Brix. Total acidity was measured at 0.42% to 0.47%. Color analysis indicated a significant decrease in lightness with an increase in redness across all treatment groups compared to the control. Among aroma compounds, 8 alcohols, 6 esters, 3 acids, and 11 other compounds were identified, with the control having the highest alcohol content and treatment D having the highest ester content. Tannin and total polyphenol contents ranged from 46.46 mg% to 95.92 mg% and from 87.66 mg% to 147.21 mg%, respectively. Antioxidant activities measured by DPPH and ABTS assays ranged from 33.84% to 69.02% and from 42.43% to 89.18%, respectively, with treatment B exhibiting the highest activities. These results suggest that W. anomalus A1-5 may positively influence the quality and functionality of Campbell Early wine, presenting potential as a novel yeast strain for winemaking.

Pepper is one of the most important vegetables in South Korea. It is a key ingredient in kimchi, the nation’s staple dish, and serves as the primary raw material for producing gochujang, a commonly used condiment in Korean cooking. As a result, numerous pepper varieties have been developed, including those that yield more fruit or have milder pungency. However, farmers who grow peppers tend to prefer varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases. Bacterial wilt (BW) is one of the most devastating diseases affecting peppers and is transmitted through the soil. To breed pepper varieties resistant to bacterial wilt using molecular breeding techniques, it is essential to first identify the Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) that confers resistance to this disease. This requires conducting locus analysis with resistant cultivars. In this study, an F2 population was developed by selfing F1 hybrids, which were obtained by crossing a resistant cultivar with a susceptible cultivar, to identify QTLs associated with bacterial wilt resistance. Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) analysis will be performed using the F2 population, and the results will be utilized for QTL mapping.

세계적인 탄소중립 정책 추진과 수소 에너지 수요 증가에 따라 고분자 전해질 수전해 및 연료전지 기술 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 해당 기술의 핵심 소재인 과불소계 술폰산 이오노머는 우수한 전기화학적 특성과 화학적 안정성을 가지고 있지만, 높은 제조비용, 한정된 공급망, 강화되는 환경 규제와 같은 문제로 인해 효과적인 재활용 및 재제조 기술이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 초임계 분산 기술을 통해 전해질막 및 막-전극접합체의 제조과정에서 발생하는 고활성을 갖는 전해질막 스크랩을 연료전지 전극바인더로 재제조하는 방법을 제시하고자 한다.

This experimental study aimed to determine the anti-obesity effects of burdock(Arctium lapp L.) extract and processed (Beopje) burdock extract in a high fat diet-induced obesity model. When burdock extract was orally administered at a concentration of 250 mg/kg BW and the Beopje burdock extract was administered at 250 and 500 mg/kg BW, they significantly decreased body weights increased by a high-fat diet, improved food efficiency ratio, decreased adipose tissue weight by site, and significantly decreased blood triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels. Blood ALT and AST contents as liver function-related indices increased by the high fat diet were significantly decreased by the Beopje burdock extract. Results of histological analysis of the liver showed that the Beopje burdock extract alleviated fatty liver phenomenon induced by a high-fat diet. In addition, levels of blood TNF-α, IL-6, and IL1-β increased by a high-fat diet were significantly decreased by ALB-L and ALB-H. Therefore, Beopje burdock extract can improve obesity in a high-fat diet-induced obese animal model by improving blood lipids and blood biochemical indices, increasing body water, and decreasing body fat more than the burdock extract.

PIM-1 (polymer intrinsic microporosity-1)은 뒤틀린 구조에 기인한 높은 기체 투과 특성을 가지고 있기 때문에 기 체 분리막 소재 중 하나로 활발히 연구되어졌다. 높은 기체 투과 특성의 장점에도 불구하고 높지 않은 기체 선택성의 한계점 이 존재함에 따라 본 연구에서는 PIM-1 분리막에 PEG/PPG-CN을 첨가함으로써 CO2의 용해도 증가에 따른 기체 선택도를 높이고 열처리를 진행하여 PIM-1과 PEG/PPG-CN의 사이아노기가 트라이아진으로 전환되는 재배열을 유도하였다. 그 결과 2 wt%의 PEG/PPG-CN이 첨가되고 열처리된 PIM-1 분리막의 성능은 열처리만 된 PIM-1 분리막과 비교하였을 때 단일 및 혼 합 기체 조건에서 더 높은 이산화탄소의 투과도와 선택도를 가지는 것으로 측정되었다. 혼합 기체 조건에서는 단일 기체 조 건에서 보다 높은 이산화탄소 투과도와 선택도를 보이며 실제 기체 분리 공정의 적용 가능성이 높다는 것을 확인하였으며 트 라이아진의 가교에 의하여 기체 분리막이 가소화 저항성(anti-plasticization)을 가지는 것으로 확인되었다.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a significant cereal crop from the Gramineae family, serves as a vital source of protein, essential minerals, B-group vitamins, and dietary fiber. However, its productivity is often hindered by issues such as poor seed germination, which can adversely affect yield and crop quality. This study investigated the effects of different silicon concentrations and priming durations on wheat germination and seedling growth. Analysis of variance revealed that silicon treatment significantly influenced key parameters of germination and growth, including germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), vigor index (VI), radicle length (RL), plumule length (PL), and seedling dry weight (SDW). Priming with silicon at a concentration of 1 mM resulted in notable improvements, increasing GP, GI, VI, RL, and PL by 10.6%, 65.5%, 29.4%, 18.6%, and 28.6%, respectively, after 6 hours of priming. Certain germination traits demonstrated strong positive correlations, particularly GP and GI (r = 0.96) and VI and RL (r = 0.94), after 4 hours of priming. These improvements in seed germination and seedling development may result from enhanced water uptake, stimulated cell division, and increased hydrolytic enzyme activity, which facilitate the mobilization of seed reserves and accelerate the growth of embryonic tissues.

To utilize textured vegetable protein (TVP) instead of meat in kimchi stew, TVP of different sizes were added to kimchi stew under different cooking conditions. Canned Kimchi stew was prepared by adding processed TVP. Physicochemical quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of the broth, kimchi, and meat (or TVP) were measured. The pH and salinity did not show a significant difference between treatment groups in the broth or kimchi. However, the TVP treatment group showed higher pH and lower salinity than the control group. There was no significant difference in color between control group and TVP-treated groups. In terms of texture, the control group had the lowest hardness, gumminess, and chewiness, followed by TVP-1 and TVP-2 manufactured after pre-cooking, which showed lower hardness, gumminess, and chewiness. The smaller the size of the TVP, the lower the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness. Results of shear force were consistent with those of hardness. Contents of flavonoid and polyphenol compounds as antioxidant components did not increase or decrease with the addition of TVP. There were no significant differences in antioxidant activities among experimental groups.

본 실험에서는 실험실 규모의 혈액투석 장치를 구성하고 국내 의료기기 제조업체에서 제작한 혈액투석기의 특성을 확인하였다. 혈액투석기 제조에 사용된 혈액투석막은 일반적으로 약 0.01 μm에서 0.2 μm의 기공을 갖는 Polyethersulfone (PES) 소재의 중공사막을 사용하였으며 중공사막의 외경은 약 270 μm, 내경은 약 200 μm이다. 혈액투석기의 하우징은 polycarbonate 소재를 사용하였으며 약 9,600개에서 12,000개의 중공사막을 탑재시켜 제작하였다. 탑재된 혈액투석막의 개수에 따라 각기 다른 막 표면적을 가지는 3종류의 혈액투석기를 사용하여 각 혈액투석기의 구조적강도와 수투과특성, 그리고 주요 요독물질 중 하나인 urea (요소)의 제거 실험을 진행하였다. 제거된 urea의 농도는 총유기탄소(total organic carbon, TOC) 분 석을 이용하여 분석하였으며 가장 높은 1.8 m2의 막 표면적을 가지는 혈액투석막의 urea 제거 성능은 약 1시간 만에 98.3% 를 달성하였다.

This study assessed dried vegetables derived from sweet potato petioles to promote the use of typically discarded aerial parts. The length (18.25 to 35.00 cm) and thickness (4.59 to 6.66 mm) of the petioles varied by variety, with ‘Hophungmi’ and ‘Tongchaeru’ showing promise for dried vegetable processing due to their longer and thicker petioles. In terms of color, ‘Hophungmi’ and ‘Shinmi’ exhibited high lightness, ‘Tongchaeru’ and ‘Hayangmi’ displayed strong redness, and ‘Pungwonmi’ had high yellowness. Rehydration rates and hardness increased over the harvest period, with ‘Pungwonmi’ and ‘Tongchaeru’ demonstrating excellent rehydration capacity. Additionally, ‘Hayangmi,’ ‘Shinmi,’ ‘Tongchaeru,’ and ‘Hophungmi’ maintained lower hardness levels, appealing to consumers who prefer a softer texture. Notably, the substantial polyphenol content (10.70 to 16.20 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (4.79 to 8.11 mg CE/g), along with antioxidant activity (DPPH: 1.11 to 2.14 mg, ABTS: 5.51 to 7.78 mg TE/g), indicate their potential as antioxidant-rich functional foods. This research supports the development of dried vegetable products tailored to consumer preferences.

Climate change and human activities have significantly threatened plant diversity in Nigeria, leading to the imminent extinction of plant genetic resources (PGR). The collected and conserved PGR are insufficient to slow the rate of diversity loss. To address this challenge, plant breeders have initiated various improvement programs aimed at utilizing available PGR to enhance plant resilience against the severity of climate change. Despite these efforts, several limiting factors hinder the sustainable conservation of PGR in Nigeria. The lack of up-to-date information on PGR in Nigeria restricts our understanding of crop diversity. This review explores these constraints and outlines the diverse strategies employed by relevant research institutes over the years to conserve PGR. It also evaluates both in-situ and ex-situ conservation efforts in the country. Collaborations and interactions between research institutes in Nigeria focused on managing PGR are highlighted. Establishing more ex-situ fields across all ecological zones of Nigeria is emphasized as a crucial step to enhance effective conservation measures. Additional recommendations are provided to encourage the conservation and sustainable production of PGR in Nigeria.

본 연구에서는 이온성 물질 제거와 재생을 동시 수행하는 바이폴라막에 대한 운전 조건에 따른 성능 영향과 고회 수율을 위한 재생 조건을 연구하였다. 유입수의 농도와 유량이 증가할수록 제거율이 빠르게 감소하였으며 제거율 80% 지점 까지 유입수 농도 300 mg/L에서 최대의 TDS 제거용량을 나타내었고, 유입수 유량은 낮을수록 더 많은 TDS 제거용량을 나 타내었다. 낮은 전압에서는 제거율이 급격하게 감소하였고 전압이 높아질수록 제거율이 증가하지만, 일정 수준 이상의 전압 에서는 추가적인 제거율 향상을 보이지 않았다. 한편 재생을 위한 전압은 75 V로 선정하였는데, 이 이상의 재생 전압에서는 온도의 급격한 상승 및 이로 인한 바이폴라막의 손상이 관찰되었다. 재생 시 재생수의 공급을 최소화하기 위한 다양한 운전 모드가 평가되었고 70%의 고회수율을 구현할 수 있는 재생모드를 제안하였다.

To determine the differences in food quality between fish fed a low fish meal diet containing black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) instead of fish meal and those fed a general fish meal diet, we analyzed the approximate components, mineral content, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition, color, and texture of Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). The analysis of approximate components showed no difference between the two samples, except for moisture content. Mineral contents were measured in the order of K, P, Na, and Mg in both samples, with no difference except for phosphorus (P). A total of 16 amino acids were detected in both samples, with no significant differences in their composition. Additionally, 17 types of free amino acids were identified, with no significant differences between the two samples. The fatty acid composition consisted of 13 fatty acids, with palmitic acid, DHA, and oleic acid being the most prominent, although slight differences in content were observed. The color and texture also showed no differences between the two samples. Overall, there were no significant differences in chemical components or physical characteristics, so it was judged to be insignificant in terms of food science.

Cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L,. var. cerasiforme Mill.) is small fruits with a bright red color resembling a cherry and having an excellent taste, sweet and juicy ambience. So far, no cherry tomato variety was registered in Ethiopia. Consequently, six genotypes were imported from National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Sciences (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) Republic of Korea, and field experiment was conducted in RCBD with three replications at six Ethiopian testing sites, with irrigation, during off-seasons of 2021 and 2022 to identify high yielding, well adapted and good quality varieties. The overall analysis of variance across locations and years showed non-significant difference among the genotypes for marketable and total yields. But separate analysis for each site has revealed significant differences among genotypes at Melkassa, Koka, Adami- Tulu and Fogera, unlike that of Kulumsa and Woramit. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) among these genotypes for fruit numbers per plant, average fruit weight, fruits per cluster, plant height, skin thickness, juice volume and total soluble solid. Wonhong No.3 gave higher marketable (24.49 t/ha) and total (26.19 t/ha) yields, and generally Wonhong Nos.3 and 5 had higher yields and good qualities across these tested locations and years. Hence, Wonhong No.3 (designated as Jorgie-1) was registered for its higher yield, non-cracking, good TSS and color, while Wonhong No.5 (renamed as Jorgie-2) was preferred for its smaller fruit size, reasonable yield and quality (TSS, color, non-cracking). Hence, both varieties were officially registered in 2023 season for commercial production in different agro-ecologies of Ethiopia, and they are believed to add more economic and nutritional values for the tomato producers and the consumers. They can also support the intensification of tomato cultivation in peri-urban and urban agriculture, where demands and thus government focus are increasingly growing.

물 흡수-팽윤성 엘라스토머(water-swellable elastomer)는 연성 로봇, 센서 및 에너지 수확 장치에 사용할 수 있는 한 종류의 연성소재(soft material)이다. 대부분의 엘라스토머(elastomer)는 소수성(hydrophobicity)으로 인해 물에 대한 용해도 가 매우 낮지만, 물 흡수-팽윤성 엘라스토머는 내부 포함된 수용성 액적으로 인해 본래의 부피 이상의 물을 흡수할 수 있다. 엘라스토머 내부에 분산된 수용성 액적은 주변 수용성 매질보다 삼투압이 높은데, 액적과 주변 유체 사이의 삼투압 차이가 외부의 물이 액적으로 흡수되도록 한다. 외부 수용성 매질 환경의 조건에 따라, 삼투압이 다르기 때문에, 물 흡수 팽윤성 엘 라스토머는 다양한 팽윤 거동을 보일 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이온 강도(ionic strength), 매질에 용해된 염의 종류, 온도 등이 물 흡수-팽윤성 엘라스토머의 팽윤 거동에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대한 체계적인 연구결과를 보여준다. 물 흡수-팽윤성 엘라 스토머를 만들기 위하여, 물과 글리세롤 혼합물 액적을 실리콘 엘라스토머(두께 150 μm)에 전단응력을 이용하여 분산시켰다. 이러한 실리콘 복합체는 외부 수용성 매질의 삼투압과 복합체 내부 수용성 액적의 삼투압의 차이에 따라 팽윤 거동이 결정되 는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서, 이러한 다양한 매질에서의 팽윤 거동에 대한 연구는 삼투압 센서 혹은 반투성막 등을 설계하는 데 필요한 정보를 제공할 수 있다.

Cold-pressed rapeseed oil (CPRO) is a rich source of bioactive components, but it is more susceptible to deterioration due to absence of chemical refining. Proper storage conditions are essential to maintain oil quality. This study evaluated the quality properties of seed-stored oil (SSO) and oil-stored oil (OSO) under various storage conditions. Both the seeds and the CPRO obtained from the ‘Jungmo7001’ and ‘Yuryeo’ varieties were stored for 24 months at 4℃, 25℃, and ambient temperature (AT). After 24 months, the acid value (AV) at 4℃ was lower than at 25℃ and AT. Additionally, the AV increased by 3.0-fold in SSO and 1.9-fold in OSO at AT compared to initial storage levels. OSO was found to be relatively more stable against oxidation than SSO. The canolol content in SSO increased with both storage temperature and period, but this was not observed in OSO. However, no changes in fatty acid composition or tocopherol content were noted based on the storage conditions, indicating that these properties remained relatively stable during storage. These results provide foundational data for the stable distribution of CPRO.