본 연구에서는 clonal cell lines을 효율적으로 확립할 수 있는 방법을 제시하기 위하여 배양액 내에 catalase와 ME 첨가가 clonal cell line 확립 효율에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 임신 50일령의 암퇘지에서 얻은 태아섬유아세포를 2회 passage한 후 동결 보관하였다가 실험에 이용하였다. 단일세포를 catalase나 ME가 첨가된 배양액이 들어 있는 96-well dish로 옮겨 배양하였다. 단층이 형성된 세포는 4-we
Oligomer type anionic surfactants(RmM-Na or RmD-Na were synthesized from C8~C16 long chain alkylvinylether and maleic anhydride (or maleic diethylether). And also their fluorescent anionic surfactants (RmF- Na) were obtained from alkali neutralization which opens the lactone ring of the condensing materials produced by maleic anhydride alkylvinylether copolymer and 3-aminophenol. The measurement results for the surface active properties of water soluble oligomer type anionic surfactants with fluorescent structure (RmF-Na) exhibited a remarkable surface tension lowing property, foam breaking property, and a ernulsing power.
A conductimetric study of foam formed from mixture of the protein, β-lactoglobulin, and the nonioinc surfactant, SML, revealed that their stability was reduced at concentrations of SML in the range 3~10mM. The interaction of SML with β-lactoglobulin was investigated by fluorimetry and a dissociation constant of 0.2μM was calculated for the complex. Surface tension studies confirmed the presence of interaction between the two components and provided evidence for the progressive displacement of β-lactogloblin from the air/water interface with increasing SML concentration. Experiments using air-suspended microscopic thin liquid films revealed transitions in the chainage characteristics and thickness of the film at SML concentrations below that which resulted in destabilization of the foam. However, measurements of surface mobility of fluorescent-labeled β-lactoglobulin by a photobleaching method identified that a transition to a mobile system occurred at a SML concentration which correlated with the onset of instability in the disperse phase. The results would indicate that maintenance of the viscoelastic properties of the surface is paramount importance in determining the stability of interfaces comprising mixtures of protein and surfactant.
The synthesis of N-methyl glucamine was performed in two step reaction. The first step involves the amination between methylamine and glucose in methane. The N-methyl glucamine was obtained by the reduction of using Ni catalyst under the high pressure. The second step was glucamide anionic derivatives synthesis from N-methyl glucamine, maleic anhydride, lauryl alcohol and laurylamine by Schotten Banmann reaction respectively. Their molecular structures of N-methyl glucamine and glucamide (EG-MAS and AC-MAS) were investigated by IR and 1H-NMR. Basic physical properties and biodegradability of there glucamide anionic surfactant was investigated. The range of cmc values determined by measurements of surface tention was 10-5~10-4mol/l and the surface tension of the aqueous solution revealed in the range 28~30 dyne/cm and their biodegradability was very good in the pH 5~10.
The sodium α-sulfo fatty acid vinyl ester oligomers, which are oligomer type surfactants were prepared by polymerization with fatty acid vinyl acetate. The α-sulfonation of fatty acid vinyl ester oligomers were carried by direct addition of sulfur trioxide. The dispersing performance of oligomer type anionic surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) in the aqueous suspension of iron oxide and titanium dioxide particles was evaluated by particle size distribution and zeta-potential measurement. As results, the particles of iron oxide and titanium dioxide were flocculated by addition of small amount of oligomer type anionic surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), then the flocks redispersed by more addition of oligomer type anionic surfactants and SDS. The flocculation, redispersion process was observed in lower concentration range of oligomer type anionic surfactants than SDS. Especially, the dispersing action of sodium α-sulfo palmitic acid vinyl ester oligomer was better than sodium α-sulfo lauric acid vinyl ester oligomer.
2염기성 산의 모노메틸에스테르류와 에틸렌디아민을 반응시켜 얻은 아미도아민 유도체류를 고급지방산 염화물로 아실화하여 N-아실 아미도에틸 N-아미도카르복시산 유도체 9종을 합성하였다. 카르복시기와 디아미드기 그리고 소수성의 긴 알칼사슬을 갖는 모든 반응생성물들은 얇은 막 크로마토그래피와 컬럼크로마토그래피로 분리 · 정제하였다. 합성 수율은 74~87%였으며 그들의 구조를 FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 그리고 원소 분석으로 확인하였다.
N-아실 아미도에틸 N-아미도 카르복시산 유도체들의 물리적 특성과 계면성이 연구되었다. 묽은 용액의 표면장력은 22~32dyne/cm의 값을 나타냈으며 이들 cmc의 범위는 0.8~6.0mmol/L이었다. 표면장력 저하능은 소수성의 알칼사슬이 길어질수록 그리고 카르복시기와 아미드기 사이의 메틸렌기의 수가 감소할수록 증가하였다. 반응생성물의 구조와 계면성의 관계를 비교 · 검토한 바 온화한 Krafft point와 뛰어난 습윤성, 낮은 기포력을 나타내었다.
일라이트는 열수변질에 의해 장석이나 운모류로부터 형성되기 쉽고, 열수변질의 정도 등에 따라 다양한
특성이 나타날 수 있다. 그러므로, 지속적인 고품위 일라이트 광석을 채굴하기 위해서는 일라이트 광체의 형성 과
정을 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 주요 일라이트 산출지인 충청북도 영동군 일대에서 나타나
는 일라이트 광체 두 곳과 주위 변질대에서 광석시료를 채취하여 구성광물의 함량과 조직의 특성을 알아보고자 하
였다. 편광현미경 분석 결과, 일라이트 광체의 광석시료의 경우 일라이트화 작용이 상당히 진행되어 모암인 운모
편암의 조직적 특성이 거의 남아있지 않았으며 석영만 일부 잔류된 형태가 나타났다. 변질대의 광석시료의 경우
일라이트, 백운모, 석영, 장석을 관찰하였으며 주로 석영과 장석 주위로 일라이트화가 진행되는 것을 관찰하였다.
X-선 회절 분석 결과, 일라이트 광체의 일라이트/백운모 함량은 대략 50-75 wt.%이며, 최대 75 wt.%로 나타났다.
X-선 형광 분석 결과, 일라이트 함량이 증가함에 따라 K2O의 함량이 선형으로 증가하는 경향을 보이며, 분석한 주
성분 원소 중 가장 높은 상관관계가 나타났다. 영동지역 일라이트는 단층선을 따라 유입된 열수에 의해 석영과 장
석의 변질로 나타나며, 석영보다 장석의 일라이트화가 먼저 일어나는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해, 충
청북도 영동군에서 산출되는 일라이트의 고품위 광체 개발에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
This study aimed to explore companion planting to improve vegetable productivity on extensive green roofs through urban agriculture with limited substrate depth. From May to July 2021, the study conducted on the rooftop to evaluate the effects of marigold (Tagetes patula) planting ratio on the growth and pest control of cabbage (Brassica campestris). The experiment plot measured 1 m in width × 1 m in length × 0.25 m in height and 0.2 m in substrate depth. Fifteen plots were planted in varying proportions of cabbage and marigold for three repetitions per treatment: cabbage control (CC), 2:1(C2M1), 1:1(C1M1), 1:2(C1M2), and marigold control (MC). We found that companion planting marigolds with cabbage significantly increased cabbage growth and reduced pest infestation. The study revealed that C1M1, when cabbage and marigold have the same proportion, is an efficient companion planting ratio. Companion planting, in which non-crop vegetation manages pests and increases crop productivity, improves natural pest control and preserves biodiversity on rooftop urban agriculture.
This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Cichorium intybus, Brassica juncea, and Lactuca sativa at varying seed ratios, and to suggest an efficient management plan for sustainable indoor agriculture systems. It was treated with mixed sowing as follows: 30 chicory seeds (chicory alone: CC), 22 chicory seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (C3L1), 20 chicory seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (C2L1), 15 chicory seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (C1L1) as intraspecies, and 30 mustard seeds (mustard alone: MC), 22 mustard seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (M3L1), 20 mustard seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (M2L1), 15 mustard seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (M1L1) as interspecies. The study identified the competitive response in seed germination between Cichorium intybus and Lactuca sativa, and in the C3L1 experimental group, Lactuca sativa had the highest leaf length, root length, chlorophyll content, and fresh weight. Therefore, the higher the ratio of Cichorium intybus, the higher the growth and productivity of Lactuca sativa; however, higher the ratio of Lactuca sativa, the lower the growth of Cichorium intybus. Furthermore, the nitrogen and potassium content in the substrate was the highest in the C3L1 experimental grorp which had the highest seeding rate of the Cichorium intybus. Comparing the groups Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa, the higher the seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa, the higher the growth and productivity of Brassica juncea. Therefore, a companion seeding of Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa is beneficial; this could be effective in having a high seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa.
비전통(unconventional) 에너지 자원 중 최근 각광받고 있는 셰일 가스의 회수율을 높이기 위해서는 저류층의 공극 구조 연구가 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 대면적으로 입자나 형상 분포를 확인 할 수 있도록 개발된 분석 장치인 대면적 자동화 입자 분석 시스템(Scanning Electron Microscope Particle Analysis, SELPA)을 활용하여 셰일 가스 저류층 시료의 공극 분포를 관찰하였다. 본 연구에서는 리아드 분지에서 시추된 A-068 시추공 시료 중 방해석이 주 구성 광물인 시료를 대상으로 연구를 수 행하였다. SELPA를 이용하여 시료 내 수십 나노에서 수백 마이크로미터 크기의 공극을 관찰하였 고 각 공극의 크기 별 비율을 확인하였다. 같은 영역의 표면을 대상으로 각각 1000배, 3000배, 5000 배의 배율로 이미지를 관찰하여 공극의 분포를 확인한 결과 최소 3000배 이상의 배율에서 관찰 해야 100 nm 이하의 공극까지 관찰되어 작은 스케일의 공극 분포까지 분석할 수 있는 것이 확인 되었다. 본 연구에서 소개된 방법론을 통해 셰일 가스 저류층을 포함한 비전통 자원의 저류층 내 공극의 분포를 단시간에 파악할 수 있는 방법론이 확인되었으며 향후 비전통 저류층 내 공극 구 조 파악에 활용할 수 있을 것이 기대된다.
This study evaluated the growth, physiological responses and productivity based on the intercropping ratio of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) with basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). on the rooftops to determine out the efficient ratio in urban agriculture. From April to September 2019, an experiment was conducted on the rooftop of Konkuk University Glocal Campus. Cherry tomato and basil were selected as companion plants for eco-friendly urban agriculture on the rooftops. Each plot was created with a width of 100 cm, length of 100 cm, and height of 25 cm. After installing drainage and waterproof layers from bottom to top, substrate was laid out with a height of 20 cm. Intercropping ratio was consisted of a single tomato plant (TC), 2:1 tomato to basil (T2B1), 1:1 tomato to basil (T1B1), 1:2 tomato to basil 2 (T1B2), and a single basil plant (BC), were conducted using a randomized complete plot design with five treatments and three replication (a total 15 plots). Measurements were divided into growth, physiological responses, and productivity parameters, and detailed items were investigated and analyzed by classifying them into plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, root length, root collar caliper, chlorophyll contents, fresh weight, dry weight, number of fruit, fruit caliper, fruit weight, and sugar content. Comparative analyses of cherry tomato with basil plants by intercropping ratio, growth, physiological, and productivity responses are determined to be efficient when the ratio of cherry tomato to basil ratio is 2:1 or 1:1.