The Voronoi diagram of spheres and power diagram have been known as powerful tools to analyze spatial characteristics of weighted points, and these structures have variety range of applications including molecular spatial structure analysis, location based optimization, architectural design, etc. Due to the fact that both diagrams are based on different distance metrics, one has better usability than another depending on application problems. In this paper, we compare these diagrams in various situations from the user’s viewpoint, and show the Voronoi diagram of spheres is more effective in the problems based on the Euclidean distance metric such as nearest neighbor search, path bottleneck locating, and internal void finding.

본 연구는 천연기념물 제154호인 함양상림 및 주변지역의 보다 효율적인 보존 관리방안 수립을 위한 기초연구로서 대상지의 현재 생태계 특성을 파악하고 과거 연구 자료와의 비교를 통한 생태계 변화 양상을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 생태계 특성을 파악하기 위하여 대상지의 토지이용 및 현존식생, 식물군집구조, 토양의 이화학적 특성을 분석하였으며 과거 연구자료와 비교하여 생태계변화 경향을 파악하였다. 조사 분석결과 연구대상지의 토지이용 및 현존식생 유형은 수림지, 조성녹지, 광장 및 오픈스페이스, 나지 및 포장지, 수면, 시설물, 경작지, 기타 등 8개 유형으로 대분류 되었으며 세부 특성에 따라 총 38개 유형으로 세분되었고 이 중 수림지를 구성하는 식생군락은 총 15개 유형으로 구분되었다. 현존식생 변화를 살펴보면 2003년과 2010년 모두 졸참나무-개서어나무군락(2003년 48.3%, 2010년 48.1%)이 가장 넓었으며 졸참나무군락(22.0% → 7.9%)이 크게 감소하였고, 개서어나무-졸참나무군락(11.6% → 23.2%), 졸참나무-느티나무군락(2.2% → 7.9%)이 증가한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 수림지 주변의 경작지가 조성녹지지역으로 변화하였으며 수면, 나지 및 포장지 등이 증가하였고 수림지 내부의 훼손지가 복원되면서 시가화지역의 면적은 감소하였다. 대표적인 6개 유형의 식생군락에 대한 식물군집구조 변화를 파악한 결과 주로 아교목층을 형성하던 수목의 교목층 편입과 아교목성상 수목의 세력 확장 및 신규 출현, 관목층의 발달로 인한 관목층 출현 개체수의 급격한 증가가 두드러지게 나타났다. 또한 전체적으로 졸참나무의 세력이 감소하였으며 개서어나무 및 느티나무의 세력이 확장되고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 2003년 이후 이루어진 주변 정비사업 및 수림지 내부 출입제한 등의 관리에 따른 건전성 회복 및 식생천이의 결과로 판단되었고 이러한 변화는 지속될 것으로 보이며 향후 교목층은 개서어나무, 느티나무가, 아교목층은 개서어나무, 느티나무, 나도밤나무, 사람주나무, 쪽동백나무, 당단풍나무 등이 우점하는 군락으로 변화될 것이다.

최근 5년간 우리나라에서 발생한 예인선 오염사고는 총 172건으로 매년 30건 이상이 발생하여 10㎘이상의 기름을 해상에 유출시키고 있다. 사고의 원인이 여러 가지 유형으로 나타나고 있지만 대부분 90%이상이 운 영자가 주의를 기울이면 예방 할 수 있는 오염사고가 많다는 점이다. 그 원인은 노후 된 선박, 고령의 종사 자, 부정기적인 운항과 체계적인 교육이 이루어지지 않고 있으며 또한 관계기관에서의 관심과 정보공유, 현 장소통의 기회가 적다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 예인선 종사자에 대한 해양환경보전의 식을 심어 줄 수 있는 예인선 오염사고 감소방안에 대하여 다루어 보고자 한다.

낙동정맥 구간 중 성시골 지역의 식생구조를 파악하기 위하여 총 9km 구간을 대상으로 10m×10m(100m2) 방형구34개소를 설치하여 주요 환경인자 및 식생구조를 조사하였다. 낙동정맥 성시골 지역의 식물군락은 소나무군락, 박달나무군락, 굴참나무군락, 졸참나무군락, 신갈나무군락, 일본잎갈나무군락의 6개 유형으로 구분되었다. 단위면적(100m2)당 군락별 평균 출현 종수는 8.5~10.5종이었고, 출현 개체수는 평균 27.5~175.6개체이었다. 종다양도지수는0.6061~0.8736로 나타났으며 소나무군락이 가장 낮았고 박달나무군락이 가장 높았다. 유사도지수는 10.03~39.72로비교적 낮았으며 소나무군락 및 신갈나무군락과 일본잎갈나무군락의 유사도가 가장 낮았고 굴참나무군락과 신갈나무군락의 유사도가 가장 높았다.

We developed a 3D simulation model of microstructure evolution of vertically aligned porous structure due to phase separation during film growth. The model proves its validity by reproducing the results of previous researches which are topological features of the microstructures and effects of varied processing parameters. The model will be extended by including bulk diffusion effect and elastic effect.

We investigate grain growth behavior of poly-crystalline Mg sheet having strong basal fiber texture using phase field model for grain growth and micro-elasticity. Strong initial basal texture was maintained when external load was not imposed, but was weaken when external biaxial strain was imposed. Elastic interaction between elastic anisotropy of Mg grain and external load is the reason why texture evolution occurs.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the reasonable levels of energy and protein for the production of large broilers. A total of nine hundred sixty, day old broiler chickens (Ross) were randomly divided into six groups with four replicates of forty birds each. Experiments were factorial designed with 3,100, 3,000, and 3,030 kcal of ME/kg and 22, 21, and 21% CP for the first week; and 3,100, 3,035, and 3,050 kcal of ME/kg and 19, 19, and 18.5% CP for the second and third week; and 3,100, 3,175, and 3,100 kcal of ME/kg and 17, 18, and 17.5 CP for the fourth and fifth week; and 3,100, 3,175, and 3,250 kcal of ME/kg and 17, 17, and 18% CP for the sixth and seventh week. Body weight and feed conversion ratio were higher in T3 than the other treatments groups (p<0.05). Feed intake was higher in than males than females treatment group (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in carcass percent and leg meats production rate was 22.5% in T1 treatment of male and female were 22.5% of the T5 treatment. In addition, 21.4% in females treated T4 and T6 treatment was 21.5%. Abdominal fat was higher in males than females. After seven weeks, the moisture content of litter did not differ among the treatments. In the experimental results, large male broilers at the end of the feeding in protein and energy levels should be increased. However, females did not suggest a need to increase.

Since 1990, BSC system has been adopted all over the world as an important tool for organizational performance management. However, despite its merits and contribution for/to the organizational performance management, it is often reported that this system has some problems and limitations in several aspects. The purpose of this article is to depict the usefulness of BSC as well as its limitations, and suggest some direction for enhancing its effectiveness. To attain this purpose, several aspects of current BSC system are analyzed through case study and questionnaire when necessary, focusing on the public organizations.

최근 늘어나고 있는 스트레스로 인한 피로와 심리적 장애로 인해 현대인들은 고통 받고 있다. 다수의 사람들이 고통을 완화시키기 위해 약물치료에 의존하고 있는 추세이며 대체의학이나 대체요법으로 치료하는 사람들도 많이 있다. 그러나 약물치료는 약물 복용 후 더 많은 스트레스를 겪는 등 여러 가지 부작용을 가지고 있다. 이에 비해 대체요법의 테라피분야, 마사지, 발반사요법 등은 비 약물치료로써 인체에 부담이 덜하며 편안한 심신을 유지하며 치료받을 수 있는 부분이다. 이에 본 저자는 컬러테라피요법과 발반사요법의 장점을 종합하여 고통이 없이 간단한 방법으로 치료효과를 볼 수 있는 컬러 발반사요법(color foot reflexology)을 전 연구에서 공동개발한 바 있다. 이를 본 논문에서는 자극시 효과에 플라시보 효과를 대조군으로 비교하여 인체생리신호측정반응을 평가하여 발 컬러 반사요법이 인체생리반응에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 정량적으로 연구하였다. 최적화된 실험환경과 객관화된 시스템에서 건강한 성인군을 대상으로 실험하였다. 그 결과 자극을 주었을 때는 HRV에서 부교감신경의 증가세가 나타났으며 혈압, 맥박, 체온 말초혈류량이 활발하게 작용하는 변화를 보였다. 그러나 플라시보에서는 거의 변화가 없거나 뷸규칙적인 결과가 나타났다. 이결과는 컬러 발반사요법이 자율신경계와 인체생리적반응에 긍정적인 영향에 관계됨을 알 수 있으며 이는 개발 기기의 유효성을 증명하는데 좋은 자료로써 충분한 근거이다. 그리고 이의 연구결과를 바탕으로 향 후 발과 관련하여 불규칙적인 생리현상에 의한 질병이나 질환에 관하여 특정군을 대상으로 실험 연구하여 객관적인 실험검증을 할 계획이다.

서론 : 본 연구의 목적은 보조공학기기 개발사업 현황과 성과를 살펴보고, 이러한 내․외적인 환경변화에 대응하기 위한 보조공학기기 개발 추진 방향과 결론을 제시하고자 하였다. 본론 : 보조공학서비스는 사용자인 장애인들의 편에서 바라보는 전달체계가 구축되어야 한다. 즉, 그 동안의 공급자 중심의 서비스가 아닌 진정한 수요자 중심의 서비스 제공을 위한 전달체계의 변화가 필요한 시점이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 환경변화에 적절하게 대응하기 위한 장기적인 보조공학기기 개발 방향을 제시하였다. 결론 : 보조공학서비스의 질적 향상과 보조공학 산업의 고도화, 규모화를 통해 수요자와 공급자가 서로 성공하는 사업모델을 만들기 위해, 각계의 보조공학 관련 전문가로 구성된 상설협의체를 구성하여 공동 협력하는 방안을 제시하였으나, 본 연구에서 제시한 개발 방향은 과학적인 연구방법을 통해 분석한 결과가 아니고 주관적인 입장에서 그동안의 사업추진 경험을 토대로 작성한 것이기 때문에 최선의 방안이라고 하기에는 한계가 있어 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

Although the royal tomb keeper's house in the late Joseon period did not undergo dramatic changes, overall, the keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum, the tomb of King Hyojong, and other royal tombs afterward showed the classification of its rooms according to their purpose and the expansion of its size. During King Yeongjo's reign, the tomb keeper's house tended to consist of Jaesil, Anhyangcheong, Jeonsacheong and Haenggak. The size and arrangement pattern of the tomb keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum were partially maintained in royal mausoleums constructed afterward. Especially Anhyangcheong was first established in the tomb keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum and its architectural form was maintained until that of Ye Mausoleum, the tomb of King Cheoljong. The tomb keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum in Yeoju was constructed in 1659 and then moved in 1673 and 1674. In order to bury King Hyojong's wife with King Hyojong, the site of Yeong Mausoleum was moved twice with using almost all materials used for the initial tomb. In addition, as norms related to rites performed at royal tombs were created in the early 20th century, the tomb keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum was selected as an exemplary tomb keeper's house representing the royal tomb keeper's house of the Joseon era, and it mostly coincides with its remaining arrangement pattern. Through records distributed in relatively similar periods, it is considered that most of the features of royal tomb keeper's house in the Joseon period have been inherited until today and that Yeong Mausoleum has a very higher architectural status as an especially valuable tomb keeper's house among royal tomb keeper's houses in the Joseon era.

Hyeunryungwon is a tomb for Crown Prince Sado, who was the father of King Jeongjo, the twenty second king of Joseon dynasty. The tomb had been originally in the Eastern part of Seoul, but was relocated in 1789 to the downtown Suwon, which was renowned as a good tomb site among the Royal family at that time. King Jeongjo looked through the records from the previous generations for the ideal location and direction for the tomb. He personally studied Feng Shui theory and designated its location and direction. He ordered for lavish decorations for the stone adornments of the surroundings of the grave mound, which was against the regulations of the royal family. He found his reasons in the precedent that allowed sumptuous decoration. However, for the arrangements of Jeongjagahk(T shaped building) and other attached facilities, he made unusual choice that other precedent royal tombs did not have. Instead of following the conventions that Jeongjagak should be facing south of a grave mound, he put it on the right side of grave mound. Also conventionally, Subokbang(a place where guards can stay) and Suragan(a kitchen that prepares food for sacrificial rites) should be facing symmetrically, but they too, were on the same side with Jeongjagak. It was a measurement that the grave mound of Hyeunryungwon can have a full view without being obstructed by other facilities and it was also personally ordered by King Jeongjo. The distinguishing features of Hyeunryuwon was motivated by King Jeongjo’s filial affection, and his academic pursuit of precedent royal tombs initiated the unconventional and innovative challenges.

The Gyeongbok Palace was completed during the reign of King Taejo and King Sejong in the early Joseon Dynasty. The most remarkable spacious feature of the palace is that it has an inner palace wall without an outer palace wall. The absence of the outer palace wall had its origin in the palace of the late Goryeo Dynasty which did not provide the outer palace wall. Gwanghwamoon was the main gate of the palace, and the office buildings of the Six Ministries were arranged on the right side in front of the main gate. A wide road called Six Ministries Avenue was made between the builidings. The avenue was completed during the reign of the third king of Joseon, Taejong, and it was assumed that this arrangement was influenced by the government office arrangements of Nanjing, the early capital city of the Ming Dynasty. Gwanghwamoon held national rituals as well as the civic and military state examinations nations in front of the gate. The avenue was decorated with flowers and silks when kings and the royal families, or Chinese envoys enter the gate, and the civilians watched the parade, Because there was no outer palace wall, all the events held at Gwanghwamoon and the Six Ministries Avenue ware opened to the public, it was the unique feature of Gyeongbok Palace that the palaces of Goryeo dynasty and China did not have.

Jeong Woo-tae(?-1809) was a military official who had worked as Byeol-Gan-Yeok in the governmental construction works during the late 18th century through the early 19th century. Byel-Gan-Yeok, literally a special technician, was an official post in the governmental construction works that carries specific technical tasks from the mid 18th century. Over 30 years, Jeong Woo-tae had devoted himself in the construction of various royal tombs, city walls, and palace buildings. He showed superb and various techniques in the works of stone carving and architectural details. After finishing the construction of the tomb of King Jeong-jo's father successfully, he was appointed as a governor of a rural town. Being on duty of the governor, he used to participate in the construction works as a technician. He also made a couple of innovative devices in the field of construction, like a carrying apparatus, Byel-Nok-No. His works secured the setting up of the post of Byel-Gan-Yeok in the governmental construction system in the 19th century. But his technical achievement remained as his own private works rather than developing to the universal growth of the craftsmen's skill. This might be a limitation of the Byel-gan-Yeok's role, whose position was remained in the midway between official and craftsman.