In order to monitoring the flora change of Yongneup, an alpine wetland, survey of vascular plants was conducted. It found that flora of Yongneup was consisted of 249 taxa, i.e., 205 species, two subspecies, 36 varieties, and six formae. Among them, Korean endemic species was totally 18 taxa. Also, the conservatory plants classified from fifth to first grade by Ministry of Environment were distributed 71 taxa in the Yongneup area. It is shown this area is very high biodiversity. The naturalized plants were found only five taxa. Especially, Trientalis europaea var. arctica and Menyanthes trifoliata, rare and endangered species, were re-confirmed this time. However, we could not find some plants reported previously. Therefore, it needs more correct investigation in future.

A commercial egg parasitoid, Trichogramma sp. Nabis101, was released into agricultural cultivating areas in Korea due to its wide host spectrum against insect pests. Moreover, an application technique has been recently developed to enhance its control efficacy by mixture treatment with a microbial control agent. Despite its expansion of commercial availability, any genetic identification on this commercial strain was not determined. Also, to meet inconsistent demands from consumers, the live parasitoids need to be stored without significant loss of their survival and parasitic activity. This study determined nucleotide sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the wasp species. The identified ITS sequences indicate that this wasp species is most similar to T. brasiliensis. Optimal storage condition of this wasp required young parasitized stage at 10℃. Under these conditions, survival, sex ratio, longevity, and parasitic behavior were not much impaired for 5 weeks.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Solanum nigum Linne total extract (SNT), Solanum nigum Linne leaf extract (SNL), Solanum nigum Linne root extract (SNR) on liver injury induced by Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in Sprague-Dawley rats. SNT, SNL, SNR of 100 mg/kg concentration was intraperitoneally administered into rats at dose of 1.5 ml/kg for 20 days. on the day 1.5 ml/kg of LPS was injected. Four hours later, they were anesthetization with ether and dissected. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were measured in serum and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were measured in liver homogenate. SNT, SNL, SNR extract inhibited GOT and GPT activities in LPSinduced rats, whereas increased SOD, Catalase and GPX activity in liver tissue of LPS-induced rats. These suggested that SNT, SNL, SNR could be used for functional beverage.

Due to internal feeding behavior, the oriental tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa assulta (Guenée), infesting hot pepper has been regarded to be effectively controlled by targeting egg and neonate larval stages just before entering the fruits. This study aimed to develop an efficient biological control method focusing on these susceptible stages of H. assulta. An egg parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, was confirmed to parasitize the eggs of H. assulta. A mixture of Gram-positive soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, and Gram-negative entomopathogenic bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophila ANU101, could effectively kill neonate larvae of H. assulta. A sex pheromone trap monitored the occurrence of field H. assulta adults. The microbial insecticide mixture was proved to give no detrimental effects on immature development and adult survival of the wasp by both feeding and contact toxicity tests. A combined treatment of egg parasitoid and microbial pesticide was applied to hot pepper fields infested by H. assulta. The mixture treatment of both biological control agents significantly decreased the fruit damage, which was comparable to the chemical insecticide treatment, though either single biological control agent did not show any significant control efficacy. This study also provides morphological and genetic characters of T. evanescens.

종자의 priming은 종자의 발아율 향상과 유식물의 초기정착에 중요한 기술 중의 하나이다. 본 시험에서는 목초의 주요 초종인 tall fescue, orchardgrass, alfalfa 및 white clover의 발아율 향상과 발아 균일도를 증가시키기 위하여 priming 처리기간과 처리온도에 따라서 목초의 발아율을 조사하였다. 본 시험은 분할구 배치법으로 주구는 priming 처리시간으로 화본과 목초는 2일, 4일, 6일 및 8일을 두었으며, 두

This survey was carried out to investigate the flora of Mt. Maenghyun-bong at Injae. Vascular plants surveyed were consisted of 337 taxa, i.e., 262 species, 3 subspecies, 59 varieties, and 13 formae. Korean endemic plants were Asarum maculatum, Aconogonon microcarpum, Clematis trichotoma, Corydalis maculata, Vicia chosenensis, Viola diamantiacai, Lonicera subsessilis, and Cirsium setidens. Also, the conservatory plants classified from first grade to fifth grade were distributed 69 taxa in the Mt. Maenghyung-bong area. The naturalized plants found eleven species. Especially, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Anemone umbrosa, rare and endangered species, were found in this area firstly.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of Paeoniae Radix Extract (PRE) against the acute hepatotoxicity-inducing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the liver. PRE of 100 mg/kg concentration was intraperitoneally administered into rats at dose of 1.5 ml/kg for 20 days. On day 21, 5 mg/kg of LPS dissolved in saline was injected 4 hours before anesthetization. We examined the levels of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum of rats, superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mitochondrial fractions, and malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in liver homogenates. LPS-treatment markedly increased the levels of GOT, GPT, LDH and MDA, and significantly decreased those of SOD, CAT and GPx. But PRE-pretreatment decreased the levels of GOT, GPT, LDH and MDA, by 59.7%, 43.6%, 59.6% and 63.5%, respectively and increased those of SOD, CAT and GPx, by 85.5%, 57.8% and 62.9%, respectively. These results showed that the PRE had the preventive effects against the acute hepatotoxicityinducing LPS in the liver .

This survey was carried out to investigate the flora of Micheongol nature recreation forest at Yangyang. Vascular plants surveyed were consisted of 285 taxa, i.e., 254 species, 2 subspecies, 28 varieties, and 1 formae. Korean endemic plants were Cirsium setidens, Viola diamantica, Hanabusaya asiatica, Deutzia coreana, Aster koraiensis, Tilia taquetii, Vaccinium hirtum var. koreanum, Salvia chanryonica, Filipendula glaberrima, Tilia rufa, Salix caprea and Anemone koraiensis. Also, the conservatory plants classified from first to fifth grade were distributed 47 taxa in the Micheongol nature recreation forest area. The naturalized plants were found 12 taxa. Especially, Leontice microrrhyncha S. Moore, rare and endangered species, was found in this area firstly.

유색차광망을 통한 광환경 변화가 꽃도라지 생육에 미치는 영향을 살펴 본 결과 광환경에 대한 반응은 품종에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 상대적으로 개화가 빠른 ‘Pink Fresh’는 청색과 적색 차광망에서 무차광과 흑 색 차광망에 비해 초장과 측지수가 증가하였으나, 개화 가 다소 느린 ‘Rose Pink‘은 청색과 적색 차광망에서 는 무차광과 비슷한 초장을 보였고 오히려 무차광에서 분지수가 크게 증가하였다. 꽃수는 광량이 적은 흑색 차광망에서 감소하였고, 개화시기는 광량이 많은 무차 광에 가장 빨라 광질보다는 광량의 영향이 큰 것 나 타났다. 안토시아닌 함량은 분홍색인 ‘Pink Fresh’ 품 종에서 무차광과 청색 차광망에서 가장 낮아 광량과 광질 모두 안토시아닌 함량에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

화훼장식에서 프레임 디자인 작품의 교육과 적용에 도움이 될 수 있는 이론적 체계 확립에 필요한 기초 자료를 확보하고자 2003년부터 2005년까지 서울, 부 산, 대구, 경기, 광주에 장식된 프레임 디자인 작품 120개를 대상으로 동사적 표현기법의 적용실태와 기법 간의 상관을 분석하였다. 25개 이상의 작품(20.8%)에 사용된 기법에는 세우기(44.2%), 연결하기(42.5%), 둘 러싸기(28.3%), 묶기(27.5%), 덧씌우기(20.8%), 엮기 (20.8%), 교차시키기(20.8%), 조립하기(20.8%)가 있었 다. 작품 당 사용된 동사적 표현기법의 수는 42.5%의 작품에서는 5-7개가, 31.7%의 작품에서는 2-4개가, 23.3% 작품에서는 8-10개가, 2.5% 작품에서는 11-13 개가 사용되었다. 작품에 적용된 기법 중 빈도수가 높 은 세우기, 연결하기, 교차시키기, 묶기, 덧씌우기, 감 싸기는 서로 간 상관이 높게 나타났다. 그러므로 프레 임 디자인을 이용한 작품 제작이나 교육 등을 위해서 는 이들 기법들을 우선적으로 익혀야 될 것으로 생각 된다.