이 논문은 결정론적인 역사적 순환에서 인간이 개입하고 참여할 수 있는 여러 방식을 세 편의 수태고지 시를 중심으로 다시 읽는다. 예이츠의 역사 체계에서 역사 순환은 단순히 인간의 외부에서 부과되는 것뿐만 아니라 인간의 여러 잠재력과의 상호작용을 통해 진행한다. ｢레다와 백조｣는 그리스 문명의 탄생이 레다라는 인간의 실존과 몸을 통해 매개됨을 보여준다. ｢한 희곡 작품에서 발췌한 두 편의 노래｣는 인간의 자유가 실패에도 불구하고 압도적인 역사 순환의 힘에 저항하는 것에서 표출됨을 드러낸다. ｢재림｣은 역사 순환이 역사에 대한 사실 그 자체가 역사의 사실이 되는 것이 아니라 인간의 관점과 문제의식에 따라 해석하여 재구성된다는 예이츠의 확신에 맞닿아 있다. 세 편의 수태고지 시에서 예이츠는 역사의 순환과 인간의 잠재력—몸, 실존, 자유의지, 해석 등—사이의 대립을 화해로 전환하는데, 이는 역사의 순환을 재배열하고 의미를 부여하려는 인간의 투쟁으로 매개된다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of waterlogging stress on the physiological response and growth characteristics of the five Italian ryegrass varieties. For all varieties, the germination rate of seed decreased by 10-15% as the waterlogging period increased, but the waterlogging stress treatment after the early seedling stage increased the growth of shoot and root length. Photosynthetic activity (Fv/Fm) according to waterlogging stress treatment decreased in all vareity, and Florida 80 showed the least decrease with 1.5%. Waterlogging stress treatment was found to reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (malondialdehyde, MDA) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. These results suggest that other mechanisms may be involved in the defense mechanism of Italian ryegrass against waterlogging stress, such as promoting root growth to escape from waterlogging stress, in addition to the antioxidant enzyme system.

This study investigated the effects of job stress, job attitude, and social support on the relationship between client violence and social worker job response. The multi-mediating effect of job stress, job attitude, and social support between client violence and social worker job response was empirically analyzed. 257 social workers in social welfare facilities were analyzed using SPSS. The following conclusions were drawn. First, there was a significant correlation between client violence, job stress, job attitude, social support, and job response variables. Client violence was affecting variables related to social worker job response. Second, job stress, job attitude, and social support had multiple mediating effects. The parallel mediation effect and the serial mediation effect were verified. Third, job attitude was found to be a variable of multiple mediating effects. Fourth, job stress and social support were found to be double mediating effect variables. In response, programs and manuals suitable for the type of social welfare facilities and the policy basis for preparing countermeasures for social workers were limited, and follow-up studies on various variables were suggested.

This study investigated the method of continuous improvement of small-medium company production processes through POSCO's QSS(Quick Six Sigma) activities. QSS is a field operation technique that encompasses the advantages of Six Sigma, TPS(Toyota Production System), TQM (Total Quality Management), and IE(Industrial Engineering). Through this, POSCO not only encourages activities centered on related small and medium-sized partners, etc., but is also expected to contribute to the continuous improvement of the company's own production process through QSS activities. In this study, rather than unconditionally carrying out activities according to the needs of large companies, the research is to help the continuous improvement of the actual production process of small and medium-sized enterprises by effectively applying and spreading QSS activities in consideration of the characteristics and environment of the company. For this purpose, empirical research is conducted on the process improvement activities and QSS activities of company Y, which has less than 100 assembly and production quality and inspection processes among SMEs. The changes in the production process improvement of SMEs through the application of the final QSS were investigated through empirical studies.

예이츠의 『자서전』은 어린 시절의 회상, 가족과의 이별, 다양한 집단과의 교류, 그리고 자아형성을 거쳐 시인으로 성장하는 과정을 묘사한다. 그러나 연대기적 진행은 서사를 일관성을 보여주는 것 같지만, 예이츠가 자신의 경험에 부여한 여러 문체적 장치에 의해 그 서사는 분명하지 않고 애매함을 지닌다. 이미지의 불연속성과 여러 기억들, 애매함과 명료함을 넘나드는 표현 등이 결합되어, 그의 자아와 주변세계는 모호하고 단편적인 속성을 지닌다. 예이츠는 또한 종종 응축된 이미지에서 새로운 인물과 사건을 갑자기 도입하여 연속된 절들 사이의 연계가 서로 상응하지 않는 것처럼 보이게 한다. 이 불연속성은 그가 시간, 장소, 인물을 독특하게 표현하거나, 접속사의 연속적인 사용 및 생략하는 구문을 선택하거나, 식구, 친구 및 경쟁자에 대해 단편적으로 재현하는 방식과 관련이 있다. 『자서전』을 저술하면서 예이츠는 글을 쓰는 현재의 순간에서 바라본 자아, 그렇지 않았다면 존재하지 않았을 자아를 재구성한다.

Chlorhexidine is a cationic bisbiguanide with broad antibacterial activity, and diverse activity encompassing gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, dermatophytes, and some lipophilic viruses. Chlorhexidine alters the permeability of the bacterial membrane. They also neutralize periodontal pathogens such as Streptococcus aureus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia. Porphyromonas gingivalis were cultured to isolate the Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membranes (OPG). Also, OPG were used to prepare large unilamellar liposomes with total lipids (OPGTL) extracted and prepared with the phospholipids mixture (PL). The effect of chlorhexidine digluconate on cell membrane kinetic changes was investigated using fluorescence polarization of n-(9-anthroyloxy) stearic acid with different rotational mobility depending on the probe substitution position (n) in the membrane phospholipid aliphatic chain. Chlorhexidine digluconate increased the hydrocarbon rotational mobility interior of the OPG, OPGTL and PL, but native and model membranes interfacial mobility were decreased. The sensitivity to increasing chlorhexidine digluconate effect on rotational mobility was proportional to the depth of probe position in descending order of 16-AP, 12-AS, 6-AS and 9-AS. Chlorhexidine digluconate disordering or ordering the effects on the membrane lipids may cause its bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal actions.

묘비명은 예이츠의 죽음에 대한 시와 죽음에 대한 인식을 이해하는데 중심적인 역할을 한다. 죽음에 대한 그의 태도는 언뜻 모순되어 보인다. 그는 「유령들」과 「인간과 메아리」에서 죽음을 무나 부재 혹은 미지의 존재로 그리는가하면 「죽음」 에서는 위대한 인간을 죽음의 두려움과 희망을 초월하는 영웅으로 칭송한다. 한편 예이츠는 자신의 시적 삶이 죽음에서 영감을 얻는다는 것을 인정함으로써 죽음을 존재의 부재보다는 시적 창조와 관련짓는다. 그는 묘비명을 통해 무로서의 죽음과 시적 영감으로서의 죽음을 매개하고 연결한다. 망자를 시인의 마음과 텍스트에 위치시키고 망자에게 목소리를 부여함으로써, 예이츠의 묘비명은 텍스트에서 죽음의 현존을 표시하고 죽음을 향하는 시인의 자기 추구 과정을 보여준다.

모드 곤에 대한 보답 없는 사랑은 예이츠의 사랑의 시에 많은 영감을 주었다. 그는 얻은 여인보다 잃은 여인에 상상력이 대부분 머문다는 것을 잘 알고 있었다. 만약 모드 곤이 사랑을 받아들였다면 예이츠의 나날은 비참함으로 채워지지 않았을 것이다. 하지만 비참함이 없었다면 시도 없었을 것이다. 그가 진정 원하는 것은 여인의 사랑이 아니라 시였다. 모든 곤을 이룰 수 없는 여인으로 만든 것은 예이츠 자신 이다. 그는 영혼의 결합으로 아름다운 사랑의 시를 짓는 것에 행복했을 것이다. 시를 위해 여인은 여전히 이상적 사랑으로 보답 없는 채로 남아있어야 한다.

PURPOSES : This study was conducted to develop a traffic accident prediction model using traffic accident data and management and service evaluation data on bus companies in Busan, and to determine the possibility of establishing customized traffic accident prevention measures for each company. METHODS: First, we collected basic data on the characteristics of urban bus traffic accidents and conducted basic statistical analysis. Then, we developed traffic accident prediction models using Poisson regression and negative binomial regression to examine the characteristics of major items of management and service evaluation affecting traffic accidents. RESULTS : The Poisson regression model showed overdispersion; hence, the negative binomial regression model was selected. The results of the traffic accident prediction model developed using negative binomial regression are acceptable at 95% confidence level (a = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS : The traffic accident prediction model indicates that the management of the traffic record system and internal and external management items in service evaluation have a significant effect on the reduction of traffic accidents. In particular, because human factors are the main cause of traffic accidents, bus traffic accidents are expected to greatly decrease if drivers' dangerous driving behaviors are effectively controlled by bus companies.

예이츠는 21개월 동안 가까운 친구며 시인이자 예술가인 T. 스터지 무어와 매혹적인 서신 교환을 하며 철학 논쟁을 한다. 철학 서신을 통해 그는 초판 󰡔환상록󰡕의 바탕이 되는 인식론 및 존재론적인 토대를 재점검한다. 무어와의 논쟁이 이어지는 동안 예이츠는 지각된 대상이 존재하는 곳이 마음속인가 밖인가에 대해 명확하게 밝힐 것을 끊임없이 요구받는다. 그는 버클리를 참조하면서 존재하는 것은 지각된 것이며, 물질적인 것은 없으며, 오직 정신적인 사건과 그것을 지각하는 사고방식이 있을 뿐이라는 사실을 재확인한다.

『조각상』 에서 예이츠는 고대 그리스에서 중세 인도를 거쳐 현대 아일랜 드에 이르는 예술의 역사를 형상과 무형상의 변증법이라는 관점에서 추적한다. 그는 피타고라스적인 수, 피디아스의 형상, 불상의 무형상의 형상 그리고 아일랜드의 형상 을 통해 예술의 역사적 변천을 제시한다. 『조각상』 은 형상과 무형상 간의 경쟁의 역사 뿐만 아니라 예술에서 형상의 의미에 대한 예이츠의 사색을 잘 보여준다. 그리스의 조 각상에 걸 맞는 아일랜드의 영웅적 행위를 형상화함으로써 그는 아일랜드인의 꿈을 밝게 비추기를 고대한다.

PURPOSES :This study was initiated to estimate the utilities of usage attributes of BRT and Bimodal Trams using a conjoint analysis method in order to identify the important features pertaining to the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams.METHODS :For this purpose, important attributes and those level in the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong were identified. Next, a profile questionnaire pertaining to BRT and Bimodal Trams was designed for the conjoint analysis, and a survey was conducted in the city of Sejong. Using SPSS software, conjoint analysis was performed to identify the important attributes vis｀-a-vis the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong. Finally, the utilities for individual attributes were calculated based on the models estimated by the conjoint analysis.RESULTS :The results of the conjoint analysis were used to identify the important attributes. With regard to the usage of BRT, users indicated that fare was the most important attribute with the highest utility. In the case of Bimodal Trams, the users indicated that the number of seats and internal environment were the most important attributes with the highest utilities.CONCLUSIONS :Based on the results of the conjoint analysis, the important attributes pertaining to the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong were identified. Our study indicates that BRT in the city of Sejong needs to be upgraded to improve the utilities of the important attributes. Currently, Bimodal Trams has not been introduced completely in the city of Sejong. However, in the future, when the introduction of Bimodal Trams is completed, the important attributes should be emphasized in order to improve the quality of its service.

The company's most important goal is to generate revenue. Managers want to lower prices, improve quality, and increase productivity. So many innovative activities have been developed. Businesses must perform management innovation. But many companies fail due to the difficulties of innovation. POSCO developed QSS with advantages such as TPS(Toyota Production System), TPM(Total Quality Management), Six Sigma, and IE(Industrial Engineering). The KOREA government spread QSS activities to enterprises. QSS activities are applied to manufacturing companies through training and activities, and basic capacities, maintenance capabilities, and improvement capacities are evaluated before and after the evaluation. An empirical study on BPR of companies through QSS innovation.

대학의 특성화 사업은 빠르게 급감하고 있는 학령인구 감소로 인한 대학의 위기, 나아가 지역 특성화 구축을 통한 대학생존과 관련하여 중요한 의미를 가진다. 본 논문은 많은 대학 들이 특성화의 한 축으로 설정하고 있는 국제교류를 통한 해외 네트워크 구축, 특히 중국과 의 연계를 기획하고 있는 관계자들에게 도움을 주고자 한다. 구체적으로 사례연구 방법론을 사용하여 MICE사업단이 실시한 중국어 어학능력 강화사업, 중국 필드워크, 그리고 중국 인 턴십을 소개하여 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 주목할 요인은 교육의 맥락에서 참여 학생들 의 사전지식 점검과 프로그램 실시에서 만족감을 높일 수 있는 방식, 그리고 중국관계자들의 소통방식 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 향후 중국과의 국제교류 기획에 작은 도움이 될 것이다.

평론 ｢무드｣에서 예이츠는 무드를 초자연적인 존재의 노동자이며 전언 자로서 정의를 내리면서 과학적 지식으로 고정할 수 있는 범위를 넘어 비가시적인 삶 의 관념을 전달한다고 설명한다. 시인에 따르면 우리가 신성한 힘과 마주할 수 있는 영역인 영원을 인식할 수 있게 하는 것이 바로 무드이다. 무드에 대한 예이츠의 시학 은 상징주의에 대한 믿음으로 점차 바뀐다. 상징을 통해 그는 무드 속에서 감각을 넘어서 운동하는 관념과 속성을 환기하거나 암시한다. 그렇지 않다면 알려지지 않을 초 자연적인 존재가 상징을 통해 무드 속에서 환기될 수 있다.

PURPOSES: The density in uninterrupted traffic flow facilities plays an important role in representing the current status of traffic flow. For example, the density is used for the primary measures of effectiveness in the capacity analysis for freeway facilities. Therefore, the estimation of density has been a long and tough task for traffic engineers for a long time. This study was initiated to evaluate the performance of density values that were estimated using VDS data and two traditional methods, including a method using traffic flow theory and another method using occupancy by comparing the density values estimated using vehicular trajectory data generated from a radar detector. METHODS: In this study, a radar detector which can generate very accurate vehicular trajectory within the range of 250 m on the Joongbu expressway near to Dongseoul tollgate, where two VDS were already installed. The first task was to estimate densities using different data and methods. Thus, the density values were estimated using two traditional methods and the VDS data on the Joongbu expressway. The density values were compared with those estimated using the vehicular trajectory data in order to evaluate the quality of density estimation. Then, the relationship between the space mean speed and density were drawn using two sets of densities and speeds based on the VDS data and one set of those using the radar detector data. CONCLUSIONS: As a result, the three sets of density showed minor differences when the density values were under 20 vehicles per km per lane. However, as the density values become greater than 20 vehicles per km per lane, the three methods showed a significant difference among on another. The density using the vehicular trajectory data showed the lowest values in general. Based on the in-depth study, it was found out that the space mean speed plays a critical role in the calculation of density. The speed estimated from the VDS data was higher than that from the radar detector. In order to validate the difference in the speed data, the traffic flow models using the relationships between the space mean speed and the density were carefully examined in this study. Conclusively, the traffic flow models generated using the radar data seems to be more realistic.

PURPOSES: This study was initiated to analyze the characteristics of bus traffic accidents, by bus types, using the decision tree in order to establish customized safety alternatives by bus types, including the intra-city bus, rural area bus, and inter-city bus. METHODS: In this study, the major elements involved in bus traffic accidents were identified using decision trees and CHAID algorithm. The decision tree was used to identify the characteristics of major elements influencing bus traffic accidents. In addition, the CHAID algorithm was applied to branch the decision trees. RESULTS : The number of casualties and severe injuries are high in bus accidents involving pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, etc. In the case of light injury caused by bus accidents, different results are found. In the case of intra-city bus accidents, the probability of light injury is of 77.2% when boarding a non-owned car and breaching of duty to drive safely are involved. In the case of rural area bus accidents, the elements showing the highest probability of light injury are boarding an owned car, vehicle-to-vehicle accidents, and breaching of duty to drive safely. In the case of intra-city bus accidents, boarding owned car, streets, and vehicle-to-vehicle accidents work as the critical elements. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the bus accident data were categorized by bus types, and then the influential elements were identified using decision trees. As a result, the characteristics of bus accidents were found to be different depending on bus types. The findings in this study are expected to be utilized in establishing effective alternatives to reduce bus accidents.

PURPOSES: This study was initiated to estimate the benefits from the campaign to prevent drowsy driving crashes on expressways. The study was conducted by the Korea Expressway Corporation using a contingent valuation method. METHODS : First, a questionnaire was designed for a preliminary survey. From the survey’s results, the initial willingness to pay for the campaign was determined by averaging different amounts of payments chosen under virtual scenarios in the survey. The willingness to pay data was used to find a first bid price for the open-ended method used for the second survey. After that, a primary questionnaire was designed and conducted using a single dichotomous choice question (SDBCQ). Drivers at expressway resting areas were asked their willingness to pay for the campaign. Based on statistical analysis using data collected from the second survey, the mean willingness to pay was estimated using a probability utility function. Finally, the benefit from the campaign was calculated using the estimated willingness to pay and accident data on expressways. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the result from the contingent valuation method, the benefit from the campaign to prevent drowsy driving crashes was estimated to be 170.6 won per expressway trip. The benefit is to be paid as an additional toll. In addition, the traffic crash cost estimate is about 2,209,680,000 won less than the cost during the same period in 2014.