간행물
한국도로학회논문집 KCI 등재 International journal of highway engineering
- 발행기관 한국도로학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 격월간
- ISSN 1738-7159 (Print)2287-3678 (Online)
- 수록기간 1999 ~ 2024
- 주제분류 공학 > 토목공학 공학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 534DDC 625
권호리스트/논문검색
제19권 제4호 (2017년 8월) 9건
1.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :This study aims to improve complex modeling of multivariable, nonlinear, and overdispersion data with an artificial neural network that has been a problem in the civil and transport sectors.METHODS :Deep learning, which is a technique employing artificial neural networks, was applied for developing a large bus fuel consumption model as a case study. Estimation characteristics and accuracy were compared with the results of conventional multiple regression modeling.RESULTS :The deep learning model remarkably improved estimation accuracy of regression modeling, from R-sq. 18.76% to 72.22%. In addition, it was very flexible in reflecting large variance and complex relationships between dependent and independent variables.CONCLUSIONS :Deep learning could be a new alternative that solves general problems inherent in conventional statistical methods and it is highly promising in planning and optimizing issues in the civil and transport sectors. Extended applications to other fields, such as pavement management, structure safety, operation of intelligent transport systems, and traffic noise estimation are highly recommended.
4,000원
2.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :This study evaluates the reasonableness of the recommended amount of deicing chemicals based on historical data for snow removal. The result can be used to aid decision-making for the reservation of cost-effective de-icing chemicals.METHODS :First, the recommended amount of de-icing chemical to use and historical usage data were evaluated to identify specific usage characteristics for each region. Road maintenance length and snow-removal working days were analyzed over the past five winter seasons. Next, differences in the recommended amount of chemical to use and actual use were compared using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Last, the two types of data were analyzed using a chi-square test to verify if the two distributions of variation pattern are statistically significant. We found that there are significant differences between the data from each region during the past five winter seasons.RESULTS :The results showed that the equation for calculating the amount of de-icing chemical to use appears to be revised.CONCLUSIONS :The results imply that the equation for calculating the amount of de-icing chemical to apply as a national standard is very important when the public agency makes decisions related to snow-removal.
4,000원
3.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :In this paper, the flow of construction material was simulated using computational fluid dynamics in a 2D axisymmetric condition to evaluate the effect of initial or varying material properties on the final shape of a specimen.METHODS :The CFD model was verified by using a well-known analytical solution for a given test condition followed by performing a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the effect of material properties on the final shape of material. Varying dynamic viscosity and yield stress were also considered.RESULTS :The CFD model in a 2D axisymmetric condition agreed with the analytical solution for most yield stress conditions. Minor disagreements observed at high yield stress conditions indicate improper application of the pure shear assumption for the given material behavior. It was also observed that the variation of yield stress and dynamic viscosity during curing had a meaningful effect on the final shape of the specimen.CONCLUSIONS :It is concluded that CFD modeling in a 2D axisymmetric condition is good enough to evaluate fluidal characteristics of material. The model is able to consider varying yield stress and viscosity during curing. The 3D CFD-DEM coupled model may be required to consider the interaction of aggregates in fluid.
4,000원
4.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :The purpose of this study is to perform a reliability analysis of the proposed wind load combination which governs the design of support structures of subsidiary road facilities, and to evaluate whether the target reliability of the design is satisfied.METHODS :The statistical estimation method is applied and the design period of the support structure is used to obtain the statistical property of the wind load. In addition, the statistical properties of the strength of support structures are obtained from a literature review and simulation study. Actual support structures are designed by the proposed load combination and are used as the examples to examine if the target reliability is obtained.RESULTS :The result of the reliability analysis performed by using the statistical properties of load and resistance for the support structure in this study indicates that the proposed wind load combination satisfied the target reliability index of the design. Also, the convenience of the design is achieved by adopting the same design wind velocity given in the bridge design code by applying the wind velocity ratio defined for the design period of the support structure.CONCLUSIONS :It is presented that the design using the wind load combination proposed in this study achieved the target reliability index and the design wind load for different design periods can be conveniently defined by applying the velocity ratio proposed in this study.
4,000원
5.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :Conductive and convective heat transfer simulations for an asphalt mixture were made by using discrete element method (DEM) and similarity principle.METHODS :In this research, virtual specimens composed of discrete element method particles were generated according to four different predetermined particle size distribution curves. Temperature variations of the four different particles for a given condition were estimated and were compared with measurements and analytical solutions.RESULTS :The virtual specimen with mixed particles and with the smallest particle show very good agreement with laboratory test results and analytical solutions. As particle size decreases, better heat transfer simulation can be performed due to smaller void ratio and more contact points and areas. In addition, by utilizing the similarity principle of thermal properties and corresponding time unit, analytical time can be drastically reduced.CONCLUSIONS :It is concluded that the DEM asphalt mixture specimens with similarity principle could be used to predict the temperature variation for a given condition. It is observed that the void ratio has critical effect on prediction of temperature variation. Comparing the prediction for a 4 mm particle specimen with a mixed particle specimen, it is also concluded that predicting the mixed particle specimen temperature is much more efficient considering the number of particles that are directly associated with computational time in DEM analysis.
4,000원
6.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :This study was initiated to estimate the utilities of usage attributes of BRT and Bimodal Trams using a conjoint analysis method in order to identify the important features pertaining to the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams.METHODS :For this purpose, important attributes and those level in the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong were identified. Next, a profile questionnaire pertaining to BRT and Bimodal Trams was designed for the conjoint analysis, and a survey was conducted in the city of Sejong. Using SPSS software, conjoint analysis was performed to identify the important attributes vis｀-a-vis the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong. Finally, the utilities for individual attributes were calculated based on the models estimated by the conjoint analysis.RESULTS :The results of the conjoint analysis were used to identify the important attributes. With regard to the usage of BRT, users indicated that fare was the most important attribute with the highest utility. In the case of Bimodal Trams, the users indicated that the number of seats and internal environment were the most important attributes with the highest utilities.CONCLUSIONS :Based on the results of the conjoint analysis, the important attributes pertaining to the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong were identified. Our study indicates that BRT in the city of Sejong needs to be upgraded to improve the utilities of the important attributes. Currently, Bimodal Trams has not been introduced completely in the city of Sejong. However, in the future, when the introduction of Bimodal Trams is completed, the important attributes should be emphasized in order to improve the quality of its service.
4,000원
7.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :This study deals with traffic accidents involving trucks. The objective of this study is to develop a traffic accident model for trucks at roundabouts.METHODS :To achieve its objective, this study gives particular attention to develop appropriate models using Poisson and negative binomial regression models. Traffic accident data from 2007 to 2014 were collected from TAAS data set of road traffic authority. Thirteen explanatory variables such as geometry and traffic volume were used.RESULTS :The main results can be summarized as follows: (1) two statistically significant Poisson models (ρ2 = 0.398 and 0.435) were developed, and (2) the analysis revealed the common variables to be traffic volume, number of exit lanes, speed breakers, and truck apron width.CONCLUSIONS :Our modeling reveals that increasing the number of speed breakers and speed limit signs, and widening the truck apron width are important for reducing the number of truck accidents at roundabouts.
4,000원
8.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :A complete signal system is not always the best solution for improving traffic operation efficiency at intersections. An alternative solution is to use a Protected Permitted Left Turn (PPLT) operation method. However, the PPLT method needs to be developed after a detailed study of driving tendencies, most notably the gap acceptance behavior, for successful implementation. In this study, the gap acceptance behavior was investigated under various variables and weather conditions, especially under rain, and the results were compared to the case of normal weather. The results of this study will be helpful in introducing the PPLT method, and are important considering the tendency of attempting unprotected left turns that is extremely common in Korean drivers.METHODS :Data was obtained by analyzing traffic footage at four intersections on a day when the precipitation was greater than 5 mm/h. The collected data was classified into seven variables for statistical analysis. Finally, we used logistic regression analysis to develop a probability distribution model.RESULTS :Gap, traffic volume, and the number of conflicting lanes were factors affecting the gap acceptance behavior of unprotected left turns under rainy conditions.CONCLUSIONS :The probability of attempting unprotected left turns is higher for larger gaps. On the other hand, the probability of attempting unprotected left turns decreases with an increase in the traffic volume. Finally, an increase in the number of conflict lanes leads to a decrease in the probability of attempting unprotected left turns.
4,000원
9.
2017.08
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
PURPOSES :In this study, we analyzed the road crossing behavior of older pedestrians on a mid-block signalized crosswalk, and compared it to that of younger pedestrians. In addition, we analyzed the correlation between accidents involving older pedestrians while crossing roads and their behavioral characteristics. Finally, we confirmed the reasons for an increase in accidents involving older pedestrians.METHODS :First, 30 areas with the highest incidence of accidents involving older pedestrians while crossing roads were selected as target areas for analysis. Next, we measured the start-up delay (the time elapsed from the moment the signal turns green to the moment the pedestrian starts walking) and head movement (the number of head turns during crossing a road) of 900 (450 older and 450 younger) pedestrians. The next step was to conduct a survey and confirm the differences in judgment between older and younger pedestrians about approaching vehicles. Finally, we analyzed the correlation between the survey results and traffic accidents.RESULTS :The average start-up delay and head movement of the older pedestrians was 1.58 seconds and 3.15 times, respectively. A definite correlation was obtained between head movement and the frequency of pedestrian traffic accidents. The results of our survey indicate that 17.3% of the older pedestrians and 7.8% of the younger pedestrians have a high crash risk.CONCLUSIONS :Behavioral characteristics of older pedestrians were closely correlated with accidents involving older pedestrians while crossing roads in mid-block signalized crosswalks. Our study indicates that in order to reduce the number of accidents involving older pedestrians, it is necessary to develop an improvement plan including measures such as installation of safety facilities taking the behavioral characteristics of older pedestrians into consideration and their safety education.
4,000원
