본 연구는 국내 재배면적이 확대되고 있는 목이버섯의 부가가치 향상과 소비량 확대를 위해 팽화기술을 접목한 목이버섯 즉석죽을 제조하고, 품질특성을 조사하여 실버층에 쉽게 적용할 수 있는 제품을 개발하고자 하였다. 백미와 흑미를 75~100%와 25~0%로 혼합한 후 비타민 D2와 식이섬유 함량이 높은 건목이버섯을 0~4%로 첨가하여 호화도, 영양성분, 항산화성 및 관능 등을 조사하였다. 즉석죽 분말의 호화도는 건목이버섯 첨가량이 증가할수록, 흑미 첨가량이 감소할수록 최고점도와 유지강도, 강하점도, 최종점도, 노화점도가 증가하는 경향이었다. 백미 80%와 흑미 20%를 혼합한 후 건목이버섯 3%를 첨가한 즉석죽은 비타민 D2 18.53 μg/100 g, 식이섬유 3.73 g/100 g이 함유되어 있어 뼈의 형성과 유지와 배변활동 촉진 효과가 기대되었다. 또한 DPPH free radical 소거능도 56.79%로 나타나, 항산화성이 높아 실버층의 건강에 기여할 것으로 기대되었다. 본 실험 결과, 목이버섯은 기능성 가공제품 개발의 소재로서 사용가치가 매우 높아 실버층뿐 아니라, 다양한 연령층에 적합한 가공제품 생산에 응용가능하리라 생각된다.

This experiment was carried out to find suitable sample type for a more accurate prediction and non-destructive way in the application of NIRS technique for estimation amino acid composition of soybean by comparing three different sample types, single seed, whole seeds, and milled seeds’ powder. The coefficient of determination in calibration and 1-VR of cross-validation for 17 amino acids analyzed by NIR using milled powder were highest, followed by single seed, and then whole seeds were the lowest. The R2 coefficients of determination in calibration for single bean perimeters were higher than those of whole beans and showed higher R2 coefficient than 0.8 with the exception of seven amino acids. On the other hand, calibration equation development for only glutamic acid analyzed NIRS data scanned with whole seeds showed higher R2 coefficient than 0.8. Eleven different amino acids, such as aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, arginine and proline, of soybean seeds in the powder had higher R2 coefficient of determination in calibration than 0.8 and could be estimated for the most accurate prediction. However, judging from the results of single bean samples, in consideration on NIR application for more nondestructive and faster prediction, these amino acids using single bean sample could be estimated without grinding the seeds.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), also known as scab, caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum is a devastating disease of wheat in regions that are warm and humid during flowering. In addition to significant yield and quality losses, the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol produced by the pathogen in infected wheat kernels is a serious problem for food and feed safety. Twenty- three Korean cultivars and "Sumai 3", which is a FHB-resistant Chinese cultivar were tested for Type I, Type II resistances of FHB. Three cultivars were identified as resistant in Type I assessment, and two cultivars were resistant in Type II assessment. Genetic variation and relationship among the cultivars were evaluated on the basis of 11 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and 29 Sequence Tagged Site (STS) markers that were linked to FHB resistance Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) on chromosome 3BS. One SSR and 7 STS markers detected polymorphisms. Especially, using a STS marker (XSTS3B-57), 32.4% of the variation for Type II FHB resistance could be explained. Genetic relationship among Korean wheat cultivars was generally consistent with their released year. These markers on chromosome 3BS have the potential for accelerating the development of Korean wheat cultivars with improved Fusarium head blight resistance through the use of marker-assisted selection.

The objective of this study was to rapidly evaluate fatty acids in a collection of foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv) of different origins so that this information could be disseminated to breeders to advance germplasm use and breeding. To develop the calibration equations for rapid and nondestructive evaluation of fatty acid content, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRs) spectra (1104-2494 nm) of samples ground into flour (n=100) were obtained using a dispersive spectrometer. A modified partial least-squares model was developed to predict each component. For foxtail millet germplasm, our models returned coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.91, 0.89, 0.98 and 0.98 for strearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and total fatty acids, respectively. The prediction of the external validation set (n=10) showed significant correlation between references values and NIRs values (r2=0.97, 0.91, 0.99 for oleic, linoleic, and total fatty acids, respectively). Standard deviation/standard error of cross-validation (SD/SECV) values were greater than 3 (3.11, 5.45, and 7.50 for oleic, linoleic, and total fatty acids, respectively). These results indicate that these NIRs equations are functional for the mass screening and rapid quantification of the oleic, linolenic, and total fatty acids characterizing foxtail millet germplasm. Among the samples, IT153491 showed an especially high content of fatty acids (84.06 mg g-1), whereas IT188096 had a very low content (29.92 mg g-1).

흑진주찰(수원찰57호)은 자식계통 KBW24을 종자친으로하고 KBW2를 화분친으로 하여 교잡된 단교잡종이며 고품질 검정찰옥수수이다. 흑진주찰은 2003년 생산력검정시험을 거쳐, '06~'08년 3년 동안 전국 5개 지역에서 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과 그 우수성이 인정되어 2008년 농작물 직무육성 신품종으로 결정되었다. 이 품종의 주요특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 흑진주찰의 출사일수는 74일로 중만숙종에 속하며 이삭 길이가 16.0 cm로 찰옥1호

평안옥은 자식계통 KS140과 KS94의 교잡으로 육성된 다수성인 단교잡종이다. 2005년 생산력검정시험을 거쳐, 2006~2008년 3년 동안 4지역에서 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과 그 우수성이 인정되어 2008 농작물 직무육성 신품종선정위원회에서 신규우량품종으로 결정되었다. 이 품종의 주요특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 평안옥의 종피색은 황색이며 입질은 반경립종이고, 출사일수는 광평옥보다 3일 늦다. 간장 및 착수고는 광평옥과 비슷하였으며, 후기녹

1. 본 연구에서는 공동배양 배지에 Agrobacterium 성장 억제물질인 silver nitrate를 첨가하고 변온과 여과지처리를 추가하여 공동배양 기간을 7일로 늘였으며, 또한 항산화 물질 3종을 공동배양 배지에 첨가하여 세포의 oxidative burst를 최소화함으로써 벼 형질전환효율을 높일 수 있었다. 또한 이 방법을 적용하여 형질전환이 어려운 품종을 대상으로도 형질전환 식물체를 작성할 수 있었다. 2. 벼 형질전환체의 70%에서 도입유전자

벼 내염성 유묘검정에서 실용성, 경제성, 정밀성이 우수한 검정체계를 확립하고벼 자포니카 내염성 중간모본 및 품종개발을 위한 내염성 유전자원 및 품종을 선발 이용하고자 본 시험을 수행하였다. 1. 증류수 이용 Yoshida 양액에 NaCl를 첨가한 염처리는 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%로 희석한 바닷물로 Yoshida 양액을 제조한 염처리 보다 유묘 내염성 계통을 선발하는데 효율적이었다. 2. 수돗물로 양액 제조 처리는 증류수로 양액 제조 처리와 유묘 내

Manna is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from the cross between Iksan438 and Ilmibyeo by the rice breeding team of Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, RDA, in 2005. This cultivar has a short grain shape and about 97 days growth duration from late transplanting to harvesting under Korean climatic conditions. It is resistant to lodging with average 70 cm of culm length. The milled kernels of Manna are translucent with non-glutinous endosperm. It has about 19% amylose content and good palatability of cooked rice compared with Geumobyeo. This cultivar shows resistance to leaf blast and neck blast but susceptibility to bacterial blight and stripe virus diseases. The milled rice yield potential of Manna is about 5.05 MT/ha under the late transplanting cultivation. Manna would be adaptable for the middle and Honam plain of Korea.

‘Saenuri’ is a new japonica rice variety developed and registered by the rice breeding team of Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2007. This variety was derived from a cross between Gyehwa17 with lodging tolerance and high yield potential, and HR14026-B-68-6-1-5 with resistance to diseases and good eating quality. This variety has about 124 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in west-southern coast, Honam and Youngnam plain of Korea. It is about 78 cm in culm length and tolerance to lodging. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows moderately resistance to blast, and resistance to bacterial blight pathogen races from K1 to K3 and stripe virus, but susceptible to other major diseases and insect pests. The milled rice of “Saenuri” exhibits translucent, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and midium short grain. It has similar amylose content of 19.0% and lower protein content of 6.1%, and good palatability of cooked rice compared with Nampyeongbyeo. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.71MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. “Saenuri” would be adaptable to west-southern coast, Honam and Youngnam plain of Korea.

‘Gangbaek’ is a japonica rice variety developed and registered by the rice breeding team of Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2006. ‘Gangbaek’ was derived from a cross between ‘Suweon345’ with good grain quality and ‘DV85’ resistant to bacterial blight, K3a. F1 plants were grown in the greenhouse in winter of 1992/1993 and backcrossed with ‘Suweon345’ as the recurrent parent. Plants resistant to K3a race of bacterial blight (BB) were selected from BC1F1 to BC4F1 and used as parents in the backcrossing processes. This variety has about 120 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in west-southern coast and Honam plain of Korea. It is about 69 cm in culm length and tolerance to lodging. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows moderately resistance to blast, and resistance to bacterial blight pathogen, K1, K2, K3 and K3a, but susceptible to other major diseases and insect pests. The milled rice of ‘Gangbaek’ exhibits translucent, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and midium short grain. It has lower amylose content of 18.6% and protein content of 6.4% compared with ‘Nampyeongbyeo’. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.28 MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. This cultivar would be adaptable to the bacterial blight-prone area in the south-western coastal and Honam plain of Korea.

“Unmi” is a new japonica rice variety developed by the rice breeding team of Honam Agricultural Research Institute, NICS, RDA in 2007. This variety was developed from a across between Samcheonbyeo with lodging and cold tolerance and HR17870 derived from the cross of Iksan435 (Sobibyeo) and Sangju17 with resistance to diseases and good quality. This variety has about 110 days of growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in northern plain, northern and southern mid-mountainous areas of South Korea. It is about 68 cm in culm length and tolerant to lodging. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows moderate resistance to blast, and to bacterial blight pathogen races from K1 to K3, but susceptible to other major diseases and insect pests. The milled rice of “Unmi” is translucent and has relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It has about 17.3% amylose content, 6.3% of protein and similar palatability of cooked rice compared with Odaebyeo. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.16 MT/ha under the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. “Unmi” would be adaptable for ordinary transplanting in the northern plain, northern and southern mid-mountainous area of South Korea.

“wangkeumbora”is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a three way cross of Jinbubyeo, Odaebyeo and Fukei126 at Honam Agricultural Reaserch Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA, in 2006. This cultivar has about 110 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting under Korean climate condition. The milled kernel of “wangkeumbora”is translucent with non- glutinous endosperm. Amylose content of “wangkeumbora”is about 19.3%. “wangkeumbora”has better palatability of cooked rice compared with “daebyeo”and shows high resistant reaction to the blast, but susceptible to major diseases and insect pests. The milled rice yield of "Hwangkeumbora" is about 5.37 MT/ha under the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. “wangkeumbora”would be adaptable for ordinary transplanting in northern plain, mid-mountainous and southern mountainous of Korea.

‘nnuri’is a japonica rice cultivar developed from the cross between ‘ilyang 165’and HR14732-B-67-2-3 at Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA, in 2005. This cultivar has a short grain shape and about 121 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in Korean climate condition. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows resistance to blast, bacterial blight pathogen from K1 to K3 and stripe virus, but susceptible to other major diseases and insect pests. The milled kernel of ‘nnuri’is translucent with non-glutinous endosperm. It has about 18.6% of amylose content and better palatability of cooked rice compared with ‘hucheongbyeo’cultivated in Kyunggi province. The milled rice yield of ‘nnuri’is about 5.94 MT/ha under the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. ‘nnuri’would be adaptable to southern plain of Cheonan, middle-northern plain, and southern mid-mountainous of Korea.

“ongjin2”is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from the cross between Milyang165 with short culm and lodging resistance and F1 plant of Iksan438, HR14018-B-1-1 and Iksan435 with high palatability at Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA in 2005. This cultivar has short grain shape and about 143 days growth duration from direct seeding to harvesting under Korean climate condition. The milled kernels of “ongjin2”is translucent with non-glutinous endosperm. It has about 19.3% of amylose content and better palatability of cooked rice compared with “ampyeongbyeo” This cultivar shows high resistance reaction to the bacterial blight pathogene race from K1 to K3, blast and stripe virus but susceptible to insect pests. “ongjin2”yields about 5.71 and 5.74 MT/ha under the wet direct seeding and the transplanting at standard fertilizer level. “ongjin2”would be adaptable for the southern plain area of Korea.

‘'Sinunbong 1’' is a japonica rice cultivar developed from the cross between “"Sangjubyeo”", high yield cultivar and ‘'Unbong 17’', cold tolerance at Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA, in 2005. This cultivar has a short grain shape and about 111 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in Korean climate condition. This cultivar shows high resistant reaction to the blast, but susceptible to bacterial blight and strip virus. This variety has cold tolerance, compared to Odaebyeo. The milled kernels of ‘'Sinunbong 1’' are translucent with non-glutinous endosperm. It has about 19.2% of amylose content and better palatability of cooked rice compared with ‘'Odaebyeo’'. The milled rice yield of ‘'Sinunbong 1’' is about 5.46 MT/ha under the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. ‘'Sinunbong 1’' would be adaptable to the northern plain, mid-mountainous, southern mountainous of Korea.