The intake of processed foods containing high levels of sugar increases the incidence of chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Limiting sugar intake is important for a healthy life at all ages. Therefore, this study analyzed food sources and sugar intake by the different age groups based on the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We used 24-hour recall survey data to investigate the daily sugar intake and the major food groups and main dishes contributing to sugar intake. The mean sugar intake was 58.9-66.8 g/day. The three major food groups contributing to sugar intake were fruits (15.2-19.9 g/day), beverages (10.7-12.4 g/day), and milk and milk products (7.6-7.8 g/day). Teas and other non-alcoholic beverages (14.7-17.3 g/day), fruits (12.5-16.2 g/day), and dairy products (7.0-7.6 g/day) were the major food groups that contributed to the sugar intake. Carbonated drinks, apples, and milk were the top sources of sugar intake in each group. In conclusion, the sugar intake of Koreans is mainly from carbonated drinks, fruits, and milk. These results provided the basic data for nutrition education and nutrition program development according to the different age groups of the Korean population.

Although fine dust pollution in Korea is increasing, there is no information regarding nutritional standards for fine dustrelated disease patients. This study analyzed the food and nutrient intake status in adult men with disease associated with fine dust in the area with the increased level of fine dust pollution using the sixth and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2017). The daily intakes, and average nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) values of energy were significantly increased in the control group compared with patient groups. Compared with the control group, protein, fat and cholesterol intakes were significantly increased in the patient groups. Daily intakes of cereals and grain products in the control group were increased, whereas seasoning intake was decreased in the control group compared with patient groups. The patient groups had low daily water and vitamin B1 intakes, and the niacin intake of patient groups was significantly lower than that of the control group. Nutrition density and nutritional quality of vitamin C were significantly reduced in patient groups. This study can be used as basic data for nutrition education that emphasizes sufficient calorie, water and antioxidant vitamin intakes for patients related to fine dust pollution.

This study was conducted to examine the status of food consumption and nutrition intake of young adults according to food security using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2008~2018). A total of 10,655 young adults aged 19~34 years participated in the study. The subjects in the moderately/severely food insecure group consumed less fruits, vegetables, meat, nuts and seeds than those in food secure/mildly food insecure group after adjusting for confounding factors. The moderately/severely food insecure group significantly decreased mean adequacy ratio (MAR) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) for protein, vitamin A, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus and iron compared to the food secure/ mildly food insecure group. The percentages of the participants consuming a daily diet with carbohydrate, protein, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, phosphorus and iron less than the estimated average requirement (EAR) increased in the moderately/severely food insecure group compared with the food secure group. This study suggested that the nutrition intake of young adults was related to food security status. These findings can be used as basic data for developing nutritional policies for young adults.

This study was conducted to investigate the intake status of beverages and water in Korean adults using data from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The ‘total water’ intake was 2,250.6 g for men and 1,871.2 g for women. Men and women consumed an average of 314.9 g of ‘total beverages’, of which ‘coffee’ was the largest at 107.5 g, followed by ‘others’(65.4 g), ‘milk’ (44.8 g), ‘soda’ (44.1 g), ‘teas’ (20.9 g), and ‘fruits and vegetables’ (18.5 g). The intake of ’plain water’ was 1,059.9 g, and the intake of ’water from food’ consumed was 547.3 g. The ‘total water’ intake decreased with increasing age in males and females (p<0.001). Both men and women showed a tendency toward increased ‘total water’ intake as income levels increased. ‘Plain water’ intake accounted for 51.4% of the ‘total water’ intake in males and females. The intake of all nutrients significantly increased from the Q1 group to the Q4 group by quartile ranges of total water intake. The results of this study showed that the intake of healthy water should be considered, and care and educational programs are needed, especially for older people, to ensure adequate water intake.

목적 : 장애인의 독립적인 일상생활활동을 위해 보조공학과 보조기기에 대한 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 전라북 도 전주시의 작업치료사와 보조공학사를 대상으로 WHO가 제시한 100가지의 필수 보조기기 목록 중 국내 실정에 적합한 우선순위 품목들에 대해 조사하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 전주시에서 근무하고 있는 작업치료사와 보조공학사 50명을 대상으로 이동용, 시각, 청각, 의사소통, 인지, 환경 등 영역별 보조기기 우선순위에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 설문은 WHO 필수 보조기기 목록 국제 설문 조사를 바탕으로 구성하였으며, 총 6개 영역(이동성, 시각, 청각, 의사소통, 인지, 환경), 100개 품목 중 참여자 자신이 가장 중요하다고 생각하는 50개 품목을 선택하도록 요청하였다. 수집된 자료는 엑셀을 이용하여 최빈값을 산출한 후, 보조기기 목록의 우선순위로 나열되었다. 결과 : 각 영역별 우선순위 품목으로 이동용 보조기기 영역의 전동휠체어(80%), 시각 보조기기 영역에서는 저 시력용 안경(82%), 청각 보조기기 영역의 귀속형/고막형 보청기(76%) 등이 가장 우선순위를 보이는 품목으로 나타났다. 의사소통 보조기기 영역의 우선순위 품목으로는 의사소통 보드/책(70%)으로 나타났으며, 인지 보조기기 영역의 휴대용 GPS 추적기(67%), 환경 보조기기 영역의 목욕/샤워 의자(78%) 등이 높은 우선순위를 보이는 품목으로 조사되었다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 작업치료사와 보조공학사가 인식하는 장애인 필수 보조기기 우선순위 품목을 파악할 수 있었으며, 향후 영역별 보조기기 제공을 위한 기초자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구는 삼국연의 영어 번역사에서 중요한 위상을 지니는 번역가 브레위트-타 일러의 번역 성취에 대한 고찰이다. 영국인 브레위트-타일러는 1880년 중국으로 건 너가서 40년 동안 중국의 주요 도시에 머무르며 인재 양성과 해관 및 우정 업무에 종사했다. 그는 푸저우선정학당에서 후학을 양성하면서 틈틈이 삼국연의를 번역하 여 홍콩의 영문월간지 차이나 리뷰에 발표했다. 1888년부터 손책의 사망 고사, 좌 자 고사, 초선 고사 등 삼국연의 일부를 번역했으며, 삼국연의에 관한 평론도 썼 다. 그는 영국문화와의 유사성 속에서 삼국연의를 이해하고 받아들였으며, 서양인 의 독서 수월성을 위해 의역과 축약의 번역방법을 동원하여 가독성 높은 완역본을 만들어내었고, 1925년 양장본 형식으로 캘리앤웰시출판사에서 출판하였다.

Name is an individual symbol in human society. It is not only a language symbol, but also the crystallization of the history and culture of various countries. In recent years, with the increasingly frequent exchanges between China and South Korea, more and more Chinese people are influenced by the “Korean Wave” and choose to study in South Korea. A proper Korean name can help international students learn Korean better, understand Korean culture, and adapt to Korean life and so on. Both China and South Korea belong to “the Cultural Sphere of Chinese Characters”. In the past, when Chinese names were translated into Korean, most of them chose Korean symbols corresponding to Chinese characters, but now they are marked according to the “Loanword orthography”. But in fact, this is not binding, and can not be well observed. Foreigners’ Korean names have always translation mixed. This paper investigates and analyzes the preference of Korean name forms used by 211 international students of P University in Busan. The result is that China and South Korea are both belong to Chinese cultural circles. When naming Chinese students, it is not necessary to mark according to the Loanword orthography like translating the names of European and American. At the same time, cultural factors should also be considered for translation.

신지명사십리 해수욕장에서 해빈침식의 원인을 파악하기 위해, 2019년 3월부터 2020년 3월까지 조석, 조류 및 파랑과 같은 외력과 표층 퇴적물에 대한 현장조사가 계절별로 수행되었다. 그리고 이들 외력에 반응하는 해빈의 변화양상을 파악하기 위해, 정기적으로 해안선 및 해빈표고가 측량되었고, 과거에 간헐적으로 수행되었던 측량자료도 분석에 활용되었다. 대상해역에서 조류는 해빈변화에 영향을 줄 만큼 충분하지 않았으 나, 남측으로 열려있는 이 해역에서 유의파고 1m 이상의 입사파들은 모두 S ~ SE 파향으로 춘하추계에 출현하였으며, 유의파고 2m 이상의 고파랑은 하추계에 태풍의 영향으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 태풍의 영향이 2년 동안 없었던 2018년 7월의 해빈면적은 2019년 3월에 비해 30,138㎡ 증가해 있었고, 이후 2차례의 태풍의 영향을 겪었던 2020년 3월은 해빈면적이 61,210㎡가 줄어든 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 2018년 7월 이후 2차례의 태풍 내습이 있었던 2019년 3월은 5.4%의 해빈체적이 감소한 상태였고, 이후 2019년 9월까지 다시 2차례의 태풍내습에 의해 해빈체적이 7.3% 감소하였 으며, 2020년 3월은 해빈체적이 4.4% 감소로서 추동계동안 다소 회복되는 경향을 보였다. GSTA에 의한 퇴적물 이동벡터는 해빈중앙의 소하천으로부터 토사가 약하게 유입되며, 서측해빈에서 이동경향은 두드러지게 나타나지 않으나, 동측해빈에서 육상역의 토사가 바다쪽으로 그리고 동측에서 서측으로 퇴적물이 이동하는 경향이 아주 우세하게 나타났다. 이러한 퇴적물 이동경향벡터는 해빈에 대해 반시계방향으로 24°기울어져 있어 연평균파향의 파랑이 입사할 때 서향의 해빈류가 발달하는 것으로 설명할 수 있었다. 이에 따라 서측해빈역은 모래가 풍성하지만, 동측해빈역은 표사공급원의 부재로 자갈이 드러나고 곳곳에 사구포락이 발생하는 것과 같은 침식이 심각하였다. 따라서, 이같은 토사이동구조를 가진 동측해빈역에 양빈과 같은 새로운 표사원을 조성하고, 동측해안 끝단역에서 입사파를 저감시키는 것과 같은 노력이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

Diet is important for muscle health and offers a protective effects against the loss of skeletal muscle mass and physical functions with advancing age. We analyzed the relationship between diet, metabolic disease risk, and sarcopenia in Korean female adults using the 2009-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A total of 2038 adult women aged 50-64 years were classified into four groups based on the diagnosis of menopause and sarcopenia. The groups were the non-menopause and non-sarcopenia group (NMNS, n=249), the non-menopause and sarcopenia group (NMS, n=14), the menopause and non-sarcopenia group (MNS, n=1,653), and the menopause and sarcopenia group (MS, n=122). The socio-demographics, anthropometrics, blood profile, and dietary data of the subjects were collected. Those who were in both the sarcopenia groups were more obese (p<0.001), had greater waist circumferences (p<0.001), higher body mass index (p<0.001), and higher obesity rates (p<0.001) after adjustment for covariants. Both the sarcopenia groups also had higher plasma levels of total cholesterol (p<0.001), HbA1c (p=0.001), and vitamin D (p=0.020) than both the non-sarcopenia groups. Both the sarcopenia groups demonstrated a decreased intake of calcium (p=0.05), potassium (p=0.008), and niacin (p=0.008) than both the non-sarcopenia ones. Among the four groups, the NMS group showed the highest levels of total cholesterol, obesity, and lowest intake of micronutrients such as calcium, niacin, and potassium. Thus, muscle mass maintenance through weight control and adequate nutrient intake appears to demonstrate a potential association with preventing sarcopenia in Korean middle-aged women.

In this study, data from the 7th (2016~2018) and 8th (2019) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were used, which included 5,325 subjects. Health behavior, dietary and nutrient intake status, physical measurement and biochemical characteristics, and risk factors for elderly related chronic diseases were classified and analyzed according to the changing composition of single households and other households in the current society. As a result, the ratio of current smokers and drinkers in young adult single households, walking less than 30 minutes per day, subjective health status was poor, breakfast rate less than three times per week, eating out frequency more than once a day, lipid intake ratio to total calories, saturation fatty acid intake were significantly higher. In addition, waist circumference, and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher. However, dietary fiber intake level was significantly lower. The results for hypertension, which is the representative chronic disease that causes old age-related chronic diseases, were significantly higher in single households (ORs=1.400 (95% CI: 1.095, 1.791), p=0.007). Although young adults may not have showed particularly serious health problems yet, education is believed as important to recognize and prevent age-related disease risk factors.

식품별 알레르기 유발물질 표시사항을 모니터링하기 위해 돼지고기, 우유 등 14개의 종 특이 프라이머를 이용한 유전자 검출법(PCR)을 실시하였다. 초등학교 근처 문구점과 수입과자판매점을 대상으로 알레르기 유발물질에 대한 표시사항이 없는 과자, 캔디류, 초콜릿류 등 60건에 대한 검사를 진행하였으며 그 중 30건에서 우유, 밀, 달걀, 토마토, 아몬드, 땅콩이 검출되었다. 특히 수입제품에서는 알레르기 유발물질을 표시하지 않았거나 한글 표시가 없는 경우도 확인되었으며, 표시 항목 이외의 물질이 검출되는 등 표시 사항이 미흡한 제품들이 다수 확인되었다. 소비자들이 안심하고 제품을 구매할 수 있도록 알레르기 유발 물질 표시 사항에 대해 국내 제조가공업체와 수입관련 업체의 계도 및 감시 등 관련 기관 간의 긴밀한 협조 체계가 유지되어야 할 것이다.