The electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding sheet of grid pattern for the wireless charger has been designed by using grid pattern metal sheet, PET & DST stacking and laminating technology. For this purpose, the twisting protection and the bubbling prevention device, the automatic position adjustment controller, the visual sensors and the motor actuator for controller, the EMI shielding sheet cutting device and the main control system have been developed for manufacturing the apparatus. As the study result, the development on manufacturing the equipment and shielding sheet of the EMI shielding sheet of grid pattern for the wireless charger having the lamination productivity of 27.4m/min exceeded the target of 8m/min in this study. In addition, the magnetic induction and the applicable shielding sheet were prepared in the magnetic resonance system, all of the two wireless charging system. The power with a band of average 6.87MHz of shielding sheet was greater than the target of 30dB to 32.57dB. The available frequency with a band of average 7.95MHz the target was exceeded by a 7.00MHz.
For a decade, solution-processed functional materials and various printing technologies have attracted increasingly the significant interest in realizing low-cost flexible electronics. In this study, Cu nanoparticles are synthesized via the chemical reduction of Cu ions under inert atmosphere. To prevent interparticle agglomeration and surface oxidation, oleic acid is incorporated as a surface capping molecule and hydrazine is used as a reducing agent. To endow water-compatibility, the surface of synthesized Cu nanoparticles is modified by a mixture of carboxyl-terminated anionic polyelectrolyte and polyoxylethylene oleylamine ether. For reducing the surface tension and the evaporation rate of aqueous Cu nanoparticle inks, the solvent composition of Cu nanoparticle ink is designed as DI water:2-methoxy ethanol:glycerol:ethylene glycol = 50:20:5:25 wt%. The effects of poly(styrene-co-maleic acid) as an adhesion promoter(AP) on rheology of aqueous Cu nanoparticle inks and adhesion of Cu pattern printed on polyimid films are investigated. The 40 wt% aqueous Cu nanoparticle inks with 0.5 wt% of Poly(styrene-co-maleic acid) show the “Newtonian flow” and has a low viscosity under 10 mPa·S, which is applicable to inkjet printing. The Cu patterns with a linewidth of 50~60 μm are successfully fabricated. With the addition of Poly(styrene-co-maleic acid), the adhesion of printed Cu patterns on polyimid films is superior to those of patterns prepared from Poly(styrene-comaleic acid)-free inks. The resistivities of Cu films are measured to be 10~15 μΩ·cm at annealing temperature of 300 ˚C.
Corporation’s valuable intelligent asset is being threatened from the skills of threatening subject that has been evolved along with the growth of the information system and the amount of the information asset. Domestically, attempts of various private information attacks, important information extortion, and information damage have been detected, and some of them have abused the vulnerability of security of information system, and have become a severe social problem that generates security incident. When accessing to the security, most of companies used to establish a strategy with a consistent manner and a solution plan. However, this is not a proper way. The order of priorities vary depending on the types of business. Also, the scale of damage varies significantly depending on the types of security incidents. And method of reaction and critical control point vary depending on the types of business and security incidents. In this study, I will define the security incidents by their types and preponderantly examine how one should react to those security incidents. In this study, analyzed many types of security accidents that can occur within a corporation and an organization considering various factors. Through this analysis, thought about factors that has to be considered by corporations and organizations when they intend to access to the information security. This study focuses on the response methodology based on the analysis of the case analysis of the leakage of industrial secret and private secret other than the conceptual response methodology that examines the way to prevent the leakage of the industry security systems and the industry information activities. And based on these factors, want to be of help for corporations to apply a reasonable approach when they establish a strategy to information security.
Growth rate during rearing, which varies depending on provided nutrition, has been related with age at 1st calving (AFC). This study investigated the effect of upgrowth parameters during the rearing period on the reproduction of nulliparous Holstein heifers. The study comprised 77 successively born heifers from the same herd. Growth rate and fertility traits were measured during rearing and fertility parameters were recorded in lactations 1. Growth parameters (body weight, height, heart girth and body length) were measured at the approximate birth time, 270 and 450 d of age. Reproduction data collected included age at 1st breeding, number of services per conception (S/C), pregnancy rate to 1st artificial insemination, AFC. Animals were subsequently divided into 4 AFC groups for analysis: <23 mo, 23∼ 25 mo, 26∼30 mo and >30 mo. The AFC reflected both upgrowth rate and heifer reproduction, with later calving heifers smaller. Increased skeletal growth (at 270 and 450 d) was related with a reduced AFC (p<0.05). Early calving animals (<23 mo) had the best reproduction as nulliparous heifers, with most conceiving at first service (87.5%). Fertility in the first lactation was the worst in the oldest AFC group (>30 mo). In the 1st lactation period, a number of services per conception (3.1±0.3) increased with increasing AFC (>30 mo). Sub-optimal upgrowth related with an increased AFC could be mitigated by improved monitoring of replacement heifers during the rearing period.
요즘 IoT (Internet of things)에 대한 기술개발은 사업 전반에 걸쳐 이루어지고 있으며, 이에 따른 Big Data 분석으로 다양한 제품과 서비스가 만들어 지고 있다. 정수기를 사용함에 있어 과연 소비자는 어떠한 형태로 사용하고 있을까? 또한 정수기를 구성하고 있는 부품들은 어떻게 동작하고 있을까? 이러한 사항들을 측정하고 실사용 데이터를 수집 분석하기 위해 패널을 구축했고 가정집과 다중이용시설에 대해 각각 1년간 측정 분석하여 정수기 사용 패턴을 모니터링 하였다. 본 연구는 사용자의 사용하는 시간대와 장소, 온도와 습도, 사용자 특성 (자녀연령, 직업, 연령대, 수입) 등에 따라 나타나는 패턴을 분석하였다.
The grid pattern electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding sheet for the wireless charger has been designed using grid pattern metal sheet, PET & DST stacking and laminating technology. Also, an automatic manufacturing system of the grid pattern EMI shielding sheet for the wireless charger is developed. This metal sheet with grid pattern is an effective shield against EMI that can not shield completely by existing single metal sheet. And the developed automatic manufacturing system having a laminated productivity exceeds the 8m/min can stack and lamination thin metal sheets without any wrinkles.
This paper deals with the production plan for the foaming process, the core part of the refrigerator manufacturing process. In accordance with this change, the refrigerator manufacturing process has also been converted into the mixed-model production system and it is necessary to optimize the production release pattern for the foaming process. The pattern optimization is to create a mixed-model combination which can minimize the number of setup operations and maintain mixed-model production. The existing method is a simple heuristic that depends on the demand priority. Its disadvantages are low mixed-model configuration rate and high setup frequency. Therefore, demand partitioning occurs frequently. In this study, we introduce the tolerance concept and propose a new pattern optimization algorithm based the large neighborhood search (LNS). The proposed algorithm was applied to a refrigerator plant and it was found that mixed-model configuration rate can be improved without demand partitioning.
최근 경제적 이익과 환경오염 방지를 위하여, 시비 시 적정량을 살포하는 변량시비가 이루어지고 있 다. 본 연구에서는 변량시비 시 균일한 살포패턴에 영향을 주는 요인 중 호퍼 비료적재량, 시비량, 출 구 위치 등에 따른 원심식 비료살포기의 살포패턴 변화를 조사하였다. 실험방법은 ASABE Standard S341.3에 따라 정지 및 동적 시험으로 실시하였다. 정지 시험의 결과, 호퍼 충전율이 90%(576kg)에서 50%(320kg)로 변화함에 따라 단위 면적당 시비되는 비료의 양이 2,081.63kg/ha에서 1,753.06kg/ha로 변화하는 문제점이 발견되었고, 시비량이 증가함에 따라 시비량 조절장치의 출구가 열리는 방향으로 비 료의 살포량이 증가하는 문제점이 발견되었다. 동적 시험의 결과, 트랙터의 시비량이 50% 일 때, 'Gaussian' 형태의 패턴이 나타나게 설정하고 시비량을 25%까지 감소시켰을 때 트랙 전이살포(race track mode) 방법으로 주행 시 변이계수가 3.78%에서 12.98%으로, 순차 왕복살포 (back and forth mode) 방법으로 주행 시 변이계수가 5.05%에서 28.90%으로 증가하였다. 출구방향에 따른 살포패턴 분 석에서 출구방향을 5°씩 회전시켰을 때 살포패턴도 같은 방향으로 회전하여 출구방향 제어로 살포패턴 의 제어가 가능하다고 판단되었다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과로 보았을 때 변량시비 시 비료적재량과 시 비량의 변화에 따른 살포패턴 변화에 대한 문제점을 출구방향 및 시비량을 제어함으로써 해결할 수 있 을 것으로 판단된다.
This study was conducted to investigate the community structure and species distribution of ground beetle assemblages in Yeongwol-gun (19 sites) and Donggang river basin area (6 sites). Ground beetles were collected by pitfall traps from 19 study sites from 2013 to 2014. A total of 67 species were identified from 9,710 collected ground beetles. Species richness in mountainous forests of Yeongwol-gun (55.8±1.90) estimated by rarefaction curves was higher than those in Donggang river areas (28.0±0.06). Four dominant species, Synuchus nitidus (3,974 individuals) and Synuchus cycloderus (2,595 individuals), Synuchus sp.1 (830 individuals), and Eucarabus cartereti cartereti (434 individuals) were occupied 80.7% of total, but their relative abundance were different according to geographical locations. Species richness of total carabid beetles was positively related to elevation (linear regression, F1, 23 = 22.41, adj. r2=0.47, P < 0.001) and it showed a U-shaped curve with longitudinal gradient (curvilinear regression, F2, 22 = 10.82, adj. r2=0.50, P < 0.001). And species richness maps that are focused on south-western areas of Gangwon-do including Yeongwol-gun, Jeongseon-gun, and Pyeongchang-gun were generated using ArcGIS 10.1. In species composition, longitude and elevation were best predictors to determine the distribution of carabid beetles by MRT analysis (Error = 0.517, CV Error = 1.04). These results indicated that habitat management regimes for biodiversity conservation should be conducted in considering geography and topography, although further studies are still necessary on the distributional pattern of other insect taxa and the relationship between biodiversity and more environmental variables.
The ecdysis behavioral sequence in insects is a classic fixed action pattern (FAP) initiated by hormonal signaling. Ecdysis triggering hormones (ETHs) release the FAP through direct actions on the CNS. Here we present evidence implicating two groups of central ETH receptor (ETHR) neurons in scheduling the first two steps of the FAP: kinin (aka drosokinin, leucokinin) neurons regulate pre-ecdysis behavior and CAMB neurons (CCAP, AstCC, MIP, and Bursicon) initiate the switch to ecdysis behavior. Ablation of kinin neurons or altering levels of ETH receptor (ETHR) expression in these neurons modifies timing and intensity of pre-ecdysis behavior. Cell ablation or ETHR knockdown in CAMB neurons delays the switch to ecdysis, whereas overexpression of ETHR or expression of pertussis toxin in these neurons accelerates timing of the switch. Calcium dynamics in kinin neurons are temporally aligned with pre-ecdysis behavior, whereas activity of CAMB neurons coincides with the switch from pre-ecdysis to ecdysis. Activation of CCAP or CAMB neurons through temperature-sensitive TRPM8 gating is both necessary and sufficient to trigger ecdysis behavior. Our findings demonstrate that kinin and CAMB neurons are direct targets of ETH and play critical roles in scheduling successive behavioral steps in the ecdysis FAP. Furthermore, temporal organization of the FAP is likely a function of ETH receptor density in target neurons.
There has been an increase of using Bosch Process to fabricate MEMS Device, TSV, Power chip for straight etching profile. Essentially, the interest of TSV technology is rapidly floated, accordingly the demand of Bosch Process is able to hold the prominent position for straight etching of Si or another wafers. Recently, the process to prevent under etching or over etching using EPD equipment is widely used for improvement of mechanical, electrical properties of devices. As an EPD device, the OES is widely used to find accurate end point of etching. However, it is difficult to maintain the light source from view port of chamber because of contamination caused by ion conflict and byproducts in the chamber. In this study, we adapted the SPOES to avoid lose of signal and detect less open ratio under 1 %. We use 12inch Si wafer and execute the through etching 500um of thickness. Furthermore, to get the clear EPD data, we developed an algorithm to only receive the etching part without deposition part. The results showed possible to find End Point of under 1 % of open ratio etching process.
전자코와 GC/MS 기기를 이용하여 나도풍란의 꽃에서발현되는 주요 향기성분 및 향기발현패턴을 분석하였다.전자코와 GC/MS 의 분석을 통해 전자코에서는 약 9개의 chromatogram peak 를 얻어냈고, GC/MS 기기분석에서는 약 13개 정도의 chromatogram peak를 얻어냈다. 전자코 peak 중에서 6가지 종류가 GC/MS chromatogrampeak와 공통적으로 나타났으며 즉 retention time 3.2초,4.2초, 5.4초, 5.8초, 6.3초, 6.9초의 peak였으며 그 peak에 해당되는 향기성분들은 각각 2-furanmethanol, linalool,citronellol, neral, nerodidol, benzoic acid, hexadecanoicacid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid로 추정되었다. 나도풍란군집에서 개체별로 향기발현량과 향기패턴을 비교분석한결과 주요성분으로 예측되는 6개 peak는 모든 개체에서발현되는 것으로 나타났지만 개체간 발현량에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 꽃의 발달단계별 향기발현정도를 분석하기 위한 실험에서 꽃의 발달 단계중 꽃봉오리 상태와 노화된 꽃에서는 향기발현량이 적었으며 꽃이 완전개화한 화서 중앙부위에 있는 꽃들에서 가장 많은 양의 향기가 발생되는 것으로 나타났다. 꽃의 기관별 향기분석에서는 나도풍란 꽃의 주요향기성분이 주로 sepal과 petal조직에서 가장 많이 발현되는 것으로 확인되었으며 column과 spur에서는 발생량이 매우 적은 것으로 나타났다. 일중 시간대별 주요향기성분의 발현량과 패턴을 분석한 결과 오전11시에 가장 높은 향기발현량을 보였으며 오후 5시 이후부터 향기발현량이 현저히 줄기 시작하여 저녁 8시 이후에는 향기성분이 발생되지 않았다. 빛 조사가 향기발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 암처리와 광처리후 향기양과 패턴을 분석한 결과 암처리에서는 40시간 이후부터는 대체로 향기성분이 계속 줄어들었으며, 40시간연속적으로 빛을 조사한 후 20시에 전자코 분석을 한 결과 오전 시간대와 동일한 향기발현량과 발현패턴을 보여주었다. 이 결과를 통해 빛의 조사시간 및 생체리듬주기가 향기발현에 큰 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인임을 확인할수 있었다.
The purpose of this study was to develop slacks patterns for obese-schoolgirls aged 10~12 by using a 3D virtual garment simulation system. The criteria for subjects in this study were girls who had a BMI of over 25kg/m2. A total of 155 schoolgirls who met these criteria were enrolled. The results were as follows: First, by using 3D virtual garment simulation, a new slacks pattern considerate of obese-schoolgirls was developed. The basic numerical formulae were as follows: Front and back hip girth of H/4-0.5+1 and H/4+0.5+1.5, front waist girth of W/4+1+0.5, back waist girth of W/4+2+0.5, front crotch extension of H/16-0.5, back crotch extension of H/8-0.5, front dart amount of 1, and back dart amount of 2. Second, according to the new slacks pattern appearance evaluation, the new slacks pattern scored more highly than the existing pattern for silhouette and ease amount, confirming that the new slacks pattern is appropriate for obese-schoolgirls. Additionally, the new slacks pattern was evaluated allowing for the proper space length of the waist, abdomen and hips. This study is expected to serve as important basic data for ensuing studies that may utilize a 3D virtual garment simulation system with 2D patterns and for future 3D pattern production program development.
The recent fashion market failed to satisfy the needs of female customers in their 30s who are demanding a slim jacket that makes the wearer look young and slim. Accordingly, the slim-fit jackets of domestic brands targeting the women in their 30s were collected to conduct look and movement fitting evaluations based on the standard somatotype, and a slim-fit tailored jacket prototype was developed based on the present findings. This research aims to increase the satisfaction level of the slim-fit jacket customers reflecting a variety of somatotypes of women in their 30s. The research process was developing jacket patterns fully reflecting the properties in terms of extra space and design lines for different somatotypes of women in their 30s based on the jacket pattern formulated through the advanced research, and then suggesting pattern design methods for the different somatotypes. In this sense, this research attempted to identify the problems concerning the slim-fit tailored jacket fitting for different somatotypes of women in their 30s. The main aim was to suggest ways to improve the customers’ satisfaction level regarding the fit, and enable the manufacturers to produce a well-fitting jacket reflecting the peculiarities of each somatotype.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of awareness and knowledge of the efficacy of carbonated water on consumption patterns and satisfaction for college students, who are the principal consumers of carbonated water. A survey was conducted with 502 college students in the Metropolitan area from May 13 to 18, 2015 and 455 questionnaires were analyzed. As for the differences in awareness and knowledge of the efficacy of carbonated water according to gender, females (14.60 and 0.76) had better awareness and knowledge than males (13.40 and 0.58) (p=0.000 and p=0.036). The more positive the awareness of carbonated water, the greater the knowledge (p=0.000); the greater the knowledge of carbonated water, the higher level of consumption satisfaction (p=0.006). The odds ratio of awareness for carbonated water was 11.98; that is, positive awareness led to higher levels of satisfaction than negative awareness (p=0.003). Since awareness of the efficacy of carbonated water was found to affect carbonated water drinking and satisfaction, it is necessary to provide correct information about the efficacy of carbonated water.
The process of Apparel Product Development requires several major steps such as Pattern Digitizing, Grading, Marker Making, and Cutting Out. The current operation for Pattern Digitizing is conducted operators who amend apparel patterns on a computer after digitizing them based on a point-input method. The current process is laborious, time-consuming, and expensive due to error-prone work that leaves much to be desired in solution expansion.
These studies develop an automated system for apparel pattern input based on vectorising technique. Supporting industrial standardization (the detailed targets for the system development) minimizes the involvement of operators and include: automatic recognition of pattern domain, automatic recognition of sample shape, and inner part recognition performing apparel characteristic function.
The following picture shows an example using our system developed with a women bra pattern.
Figure 2 represents women a bra pattern
Figure 3 represents data implemented on the automated system we developed
The results of our study :
1. Analytical speed: under 4 seconds in resolution 150 dpi, image size A3.
2. Length error: under 0. 2mm.
3. Outline: 100% extract of outlines cutting and marker pattern.
4. Pattern elements: classification automatically and editing available by user.
5. Pattern division: try one acting scanning various pattern.
6. Data entry/output: converting of DXF, AAMA, TIP, DIGIT.
We developed an automated system based on vectorising software for implementation of apparel patterns. The cost of effective system repeatedly processes digitizing tasks with high quality in a few minutes. The system will contribute to the apparel industry field by implementing automatic steps for recognition and classification pattern.
This study was a time activity pattern assessment focused on transportation in subpopulation groups using the ‘Time-Use Survey’ conducted by the National Statistical Office in Korea in 2009. The time activity patterns of transportation on weekdays were analyzed, looking at average travel time in Seoul, Gyeonggido and the whole country. Various subpopulation groups were classified such as students, the elderly, workers and housewives. The population of Gyeonggido had a higher average transportation time than that of Seoul. Workers showed the highest weekly average travel, while the students group showed the lowest tendency. The times spent in walking, bus, subway and taxi were the highest in areas other than Gyeonggido, where the use of private vehicles such as car was higher. Therefore, exposure to hazardous air pollutants may vary depending on the transportation method and time spent. This results indicate that time activity pattern assessment on transportation may be an important element of exposure assessment.