콩 GAP 모델 확립을 위해 경남 창녕에 소재한 콩 재배농가 3 곳을 선정하여 각 재배환경에 대한 물리 적, 화학적(중금속) 및 생물학적(위생지표세균, 병원성 미생물) 위해요소를 분석하였다. 재배환경에 대한 물리적 위해요소로는 토양과 농업용수에 혼입될 수 있는 이물 등으로 확인되었고, 화학적 위해요소 중 토 양과 농업용수에서의 중금속 (Cd:0.01~0.103, Cu:0.001~6.036, As:0.006~3.045, Hg:ND~0.041, Pb:0.003~3.952, Cr+6:0.007~0.496, Zn:0.001~66.500, Ni:0.003~18.010)이 모두 허용기준치 이하로 검출되었다. 생물학적 위해요소의 경우, 위생지표세균은 토양에서 일반세균과 대장균군이 6.0±0.3 및 3.6±1.6 log CFU/g, 농업용수는 3.5±0.7 및 1.9±0.7 log CFU/mL 수준으로 각각 검출되었고, E. coli 는 모든 시료에서 불검출 되었다. 그러나 농업용수에서 대장균군이 허용기준치를 초과하였고, E. coli O157도 토양 중에서 약 22%가 검출됨에 따라 분변오염 방지를 위한 적절한 방안이 필요할 것으로 판단 된다. 결론적으로 재배환경 중 물리적 및 화학적 위해요소 (중금속)의 오염수준은 허용기준에 적합했지만, 생 물학적 위해요소의 경우 농업용수에서 대장균군이 기준치를 초과함에 따라 최종산물로의 교차오염을 방지 하기 위한 체계적인 관리방안이 모색되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

1. 콩분말을 첨가한 국수의 품질특성 색도 - 콩분말을 첨가량이 증가할수록 L(밝기)값은 감소, a(적색도)값은 감소함. 조직감 - 경도는 콩분말을 첨가한 모든 국수에서 증가, 응집성은 감소함. 이소플라본 함량 - 콩분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가함. 관능평가 - 전체적인 기호도가 대조군에 비하여 3,5% 콩분말 국수가 유의적으로 높음. 2. 천마 분말을 첨가한 국수의 품질특성 색도 - 천마분말을 첨가량이 증가할수록 L(밝기)값은 감소, a(적색도)값은 감소함. 조직감 - 경도는 대조군에 비하여 0.5, 1% 천마국수에서 유의적으로 증가, 씹힘성은 0.5% 천마국수에서 유의적으로 증가함. 관능평가 - 전체적인 기호도가 대조군에 비하여 1% 천마분말 국수가 유의적으로 높음. 3. 콩, 천마 분말을 첨가한 국수의 품질특성 최종 적정혼합 비율 - 콩분말은 소비자의 기호성을 고려하여 5%로 결정함. 천마분말 - 0.5, 1%에서 품질특성에 따른 유의적 차이가 나타나지 않았으므로 상업성을 고려하여 0.5%로 결정함.

콩은 식물성 단백질 및 지방의 주요 공급원이고 콩 종실에는 기능성 성분이 많이 함유되어져 있어 소비 가 점차 증가하고 있지만 Lipoxygenase, Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor, 7S α′-subunit 단백질과 같은 성 분들이 존재하는데 이는 품질과 영양가치를 떨어뜨리고 섭취시 알러지를 일으키기도 한다. 콩에서 유전적 으로 이러한 성분이 결핍되어져 있는 유전자형의 선발은 품질이 우수한 콩 육종의 기초단계이다. “개척2 호”와 PI506876의 교배로부터 434개의 F2 종자를 얻어 F2 종자의 일부를 사용하여 SDS-PAGE로 각각 의 종자를 분석한 결과 Lipoxygenase와 Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor 및 7S의 α′-subunit 단백질이 모두 결핍되어져 있는 lx1lx1lx2lx2lx3lx3titicgy1cgy1 유전자형을 가진 종자를 선발하여 F2 식물체로 길러 성 숙 후 F3 종자를 수확하였다. F3 종자로부터 Lipoxygenase, Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor, 7S α′-subunit 단백질이 모두 결핍되어져 있음을 재확인하였으며 선발된 종자는 고품질 콩 품종 육성에 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Alydidae) recently become an important fruit-spotting bug of apple and sweet persimmon trees in Korea. Although fruits of cultivated species are generally known to be unsuitable food for the fruit-spotting bugs, dietary importance of fruits of apple and sweet persimmon for R. pedestris is unknown. We evaluated fruits of apple and sweet persimmon with or without soybean seeds as a food source for R. pedestris by investigating nymphal development time, nymphal mortality, preovipositional period, fecundity, and adult size in the laboratory. None of 1st instar R. pedestris fed only on a fruit of apple or sweet persimmon became second instar nymph. When provided with soybean seeds together, both the fruits did support the nymphal development and the reproduction of R. pedestris. However, diets including soybean and one of the fruits were not better than control diets consisting of soybean seeds with or without vitamin C. Therefore, apple and sweet persimmon are not essential food sources for the development and the reproduction of R. pedestris. These results suggest that R. pedestris may not reproduce on the fruit trees, thus explain absence of either their eggs or their nymphs on the fruit trees in the fields.

저염 된장 제조를 위하여 염농도 8-14%로 달리하여 제조한 된장을 20oC에서 16주 동안 발효하여 이화학적 특성의 변화를 조사하였다. 된장의 pH는 발효기간에 따라 전반적으로 감소하였고, 발효 4주 후부터 염농도 8%와 10%의 저염 된장이 염농도 12%와 14%인 고염 된장에 비하여 낮은 pH를 보였다. 적정산도는 제조 직후 1주간 급격히 높아진 후 발효기간이 경과함에 따라 완만히 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 염함량이 높은 된장일수록 낮은 값을 보였다. 단백질 함량은 염농도에 관계없이 발효기간에 따른 변화 없이 일정한 수준을 유지하였다. 아미노태 질소 함량은 발효기간에 따라 지속적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 저염 된장에서 높은 값을 보였다. 휘발성 염기질소는 발효 중반까지 일정한 수준으로 유지되다가 발효 후기에 급격히 증가하였으며, 염농도가 낮을수록 높은 경향을 보였다. 환원당은 발효 중기에 증가하다가 발효 후기에는 감소하였다. 염 함량을 달리하여 제조한 된장의 적정 발효기간은 염농도 8%에서 2-11주, 10%에서 3-12주, 12%에서 6-14주, 14%에서 9-15주로 염 함량에 따라 길어졌다. 된장의 관능적 품질은 낮은 염농도에서 단기간 발효한 된장이 높은 염농도로 장기간 발효한 된장에 비하여 우수하였다.

Ten novel microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines. The soybean aphid was recently introduced into North America where it has become a serious pest of soybeans. This invasive pest has rapidly spread throughout the midwestern United States and southern Canada since 2000. The isolated loci were polymorphic, with two to 18 alleles in 20 individuals from a single population in Korea. The analyses revealed that 19 individuals had different multilocus genotypes, showing expected heterozygosity values ranging from 0.180 to 0.891. We report the development of microsatellite markers for A. glycines potentially suitable for further studies of population structure, dispersal, and host alternation.

본 연구에서는 우리나라의 대표적 수입 곡물인 콩의 주요 교역국들의 생산, 소비, 무역 및 재고 동향과 각 국의 생산변동에 따른 조정유형 분석을 수행한 후, 이를 바탕으로 각국의 국제시장 전이효과를 계측하였다. 분석결과 최근 콩의 국제시장 전이효과가 주요 생산국인 브라질, 파라과이, 캐나다 등을 중심으로 증대되고 있으며, 대부분의 국가가 재고보다는 소비와 무역을 통해 생산변동을 조절하고 있는 것으로 나타나 국제 콩 시장의 불안정성 증가가 예상된다. 따라서 대규모 콩 수입국인 우리나라는 일정량의 국내생산기반 유지, 적절 한 재고정책의 활용, 선물시장의 활용, 수입선 다변화 등과 같은 해외조달능력의 향상을 통한 안정적인 국내 콩 수급 방안 마련이 시급한 것으로 나타났다.

To determine the relationships between soybean food intake, dietary isoflavone intake, and osteoporosis incidence, questionnaire surveys, bone mineral density measurements, and dietary surveys by food record were performed with 19 postmenopausal women (57.6±7.3 yrs of age) in Daejeon city. The subjects were divided into two groups: an ‘osteoporosis group’ (OG, n=10) and a ‘normal group’ (NG, n=9). Mean age, height, and body weight were similar between the two groups but BMI was higher in OG than in NG. Mean age at menarche was not different between the two groups. However, mean number of childbirths was greater in OG than in NG and mean total period of lactation was shorter in OG. Mean exercise time per week was similar between the two groups, and mean time of sunlight exposure tended to be shorter in OG. Mean daily intake of calcium was lower in OG whereas sodium intake was higher in OG. Mean daily intakes of total soybean food (OG: 203.8±84.6 g/d, NG: 285.0±146.3 g/d) and total dietary isoflavone (OG: 29.1±14.3 mg/d, NG: 38.3±23.1 mg/ d) were not different between the two groups. However, greater intakes of soybean food and dietary isoflavone were associated with higher bone mineral density, respectively. The above results indicate that osteoporosis incidence tends to be influenced by BMI, maternal factors, dietary nutrient intakes, soybean food intakes, and dietary isoflavone intakes in postmenopausal women; although no significant differences in soybean food and dietary isoflavone intake were found between the two groups. This tendency implies that greater intakes of soybean food and dietary isoflavone lead to lower incidence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Two closely related species, the soybean podworm, Matsumuraeses phaseoli, and the podborer, M. falcana, gives differential economic damages on crops. It is difficult to discriminate these potential sympatric species by morphological characters. The goal of this study was to develop a discriminating molecular marker based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). A partial genomic fragment (500 bp) of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidaseⅠ (mtCOI) was sequenced in both species, in which restriction site by Rsa I was selected as a dichotomous marker. PCR-RFLP in the mtCOI region clearly discriminated both species.

This experiment was carried out to know adaptability and forage production and quality of corn and corn + soybean intercropping for silage at paddy field in Chungnam province. growth, forage production and quality of silage corn was higher in case of corn and soybean intercropping than that of corn single planting at paddy field. The height of stem of Kwangpyongok and Sword bean intercropping was somewhat lower than Kwangpyongok single planting and higher at ear height and stem diameter. Fresh yield of Kwangpyongok and Sword bean intercropping was the highest as 45.8 tons per ha among corn monoculture, corn + soybean intercropping. The dry yield of Kwangpyongok and Sword bean intercropping at paddy field was the highest as 20.5 tons per ha among corn monoculture and corn + soybean intercropping. The result of this study showed that 'Kwangpyongok and Sword bean intercropping' had good forage productivity and quality of silage compared with corn monoculture, corn and common bean intercropping.

인간과 가축의 영양을 위한 식물성 단백질의 주요 공급원은 콩이며 콩 단백질은 영양 및 기능성면에서 우수하여 소비가 점차 증가하고 있다. 그러나 콩 단백질에는 알러지를 일으키고 영양가치를 떨어뜨리는 성분도 포함되어져 있다. 7S 및 11S 글로블린은 콩 저장단백질의 대부분을 차지하며 7S는 영양가치가 떨어지고 7S의 함량을 줄어든 콩 계통 육성에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 7S 성분중의 하나인 α′-subunit의 유전양상을 파악하기 위하여 진품콩2호와 PI506876의 교배로부터 98개의 F2 종자가 얻어졌다. SDS-PAGE로 각각의 종자를 분석한 결과 α′-subunit을 가진 종자가 70개였고 결핍된 종자가 28개였다. 이러한 유전양상은 단인자 유전원칙 (χ2 = 0.667, P=0.414)과 일치하여 콩 종자에서 7S의 α′-subunit 단백질은 한 개의 유전자에 의해서 좌우되었다. 이 결과는 7S 단백질 함량이 줄어든 콩 계통 선발에 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Effects of Vegemil® containing soybean proteins and isoflavones on the growth and bone density of broiler chickens were investigated. One-week-old male and female Arbor Acres broiler chickens were fed on Vegemil® A containing 3% soybean proteins and 162 ppm isoflavones, instead of water, for 30 days and their growth indices (body weight, leg weight and femur length) and bone density were analyzed. The body weight gains in male and female chickens were increased by 15.6% and 31.7%, respectively, following feeding Vegemil® A compared to normal water. Vegemil® A increased leg weight as well as femur length of females by 22.9% and 15.0%, respectively. In addition, Vegemil® A feeding enhanced femoral bone density by 21.3% in comparison with water feeding. Therefore, it is suggested that Vegemil® A not only facilitates body growth, but also strengthens bone density of normal chickens, and that it could be a promising candidate for the improvement of infant growth and for the prevention of menopausal osteoporosis.

Nymphal development, adult longevity, and oviposition of six different species of stink bugs were compared on seeds of a soybean cultivar, Taekwangkong, and two mung bean cultivars, Kyungseonnogdu and Jangannogdu in the insect rearing room (28±2℃, 16L:8D). Nymphs of six species of stink bugs normally developed on Taekwangkong seed. While nymphs of Riptortus clavatus, Halyomorpha halys, and Dolycoris baccarum developed on seeds of Kyungseonnogdu and Jangannogdu normally, all nymphs of Plautia stali, Piezodorus hybneri and Nezara antennata died after 4th instars on Kyungseonnogdu and after 3rd instars on Jangannogdu. Each instar period tended to be increased as nymphal stages were progressed. Nymphal period was shortest on Taekwangkong seed, followed by Kyungseonnogdu and Jangannogdu, irrelevant to stink bugs species. Emergence rate, adult longevity, and preoviposition period of 6 stink bugs were different depending on the reared seeds. Of 6 different species examined, Riptortus clavatus, Halyomorpha halys, and Dolycoris baccarum which fed on Jangannodu did not emerge, Plautia stali, Piezodorus hybneri, and Nezara antennata which fed on Jangannodu did not oviposit.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the storage stability of mayonnaise containing a different emulsifier and various levels of soybean paste powder. The mayonnaise with egg yolk as an emulsifier is E group according to the amount of soybean paste powder addition of 0%(E1), 3%(E2), 6%(E3) and mayonnaise with soy milk as an emulsifier is S group with soybean paste powder addition of 0%(S1), 3%(S2), 6%(S3). Storage stability of mayonnaise was determined during storage at 30 ± 5℃ for 8 weeks. The peroxide value, TBA value, acid value of mayonnaise with addition of 6% soybean paste powder was significantly lower than that of 0% and 3% addition. The turbidity decreased according to storage period. The viscosity of mayonnaise was increased with increasing amount of soybean paste powder. Base on these results, addition of soybean paste powder in the mayonnaise improved oxidation stability during storage period.

Antioxidative activities of fresh, steamed and black garlics by different processing condition were investigated on the soybean oil. The crushed fresh, steamed and black garlics were added to 100 mL of soybean oil at a level of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 g respectively, and then the oil mixture containing garlics (reaction samples) were heattreated for 48 hrs at 180℃ . The chromaticity of reaction samples were increased during heating. After 48 hrs heating, in the sample added 40 g/100 mL chromaticity of each samples were 1.36, 2.99 and 1.99, in the crushed fresh, steamed and black garlics, respectively. Anisidin value showed irregularly increased during heating. Acid values of reaction samples were higher than control during heating, those levels were ranged from 0.82 to 2.04 mg/g after 12 hrs, were gradually increased to 3.15~4.30 mg/g after 48 hrs. Peroxide value of reaction sample containing black garlic(40 g/100 mL) was lower than the samples containing tocopherol or BHT, after 48 hrs heating. TBA value of reaction samples containing fresh, steamed and black garlic of 40 g/100 mL were the lowest in the sample added black garlic, after 48 hrs heating. These results suggested that oxidative stability of black garlic in soybean oil was more potential than the other garlics during heating.