The rapid development of biotechnology has increased the importance of microorganisms or their genetic information. Thus, the Nagoya Protocol on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilization was established, and countries are working to secure industrially and academically useful bioresources to deal with the agreement. In the case of Korea, because 67% of bioresources are imported from abroad, we are required to secure domestic bioresources as well. The number of isolated foodborne illness-causing microorganisms is predicted to invrease based on the incresing number of outbreaks of foodborne illness each year. Consequently, appropriate long-term preservation methods are necessary to secure the isolated microorganisms for the purpose of research and resourcification. Therefore, the long-term preservation methods for bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa were investigated in this study, from domestic and international bioresource banks, and the functions of the cryoprotectants were reviewed and discussed. This review should be informative in the preservation of microorganisms and contribute to the development of biotechnology.

The purpose of the study is to suggest policy recommendations for mid- to long-term strategies through performance evaluation of food assistance implemented by the Korean government. Since Korea became a member of the FAC (Food Assistance Convention) in 2018, the government has been focusing on eradication of starvation by cooperating with the international community, recognizing the basic human needs and providing food to hungry people around the world. However, the existing way of food assistance is to meet the FAC pledge contributions to comply with international norms and maintain humanitarian support. Thus, it is necessary to establish a long-term strategy for effectiveness and efficiency of the food assistance. The study find out that there would be a high possibility to expand the scale of the current food assistance program of Korea by utilizing the imported rice without a conflict.

목적 : 지역사회에 거주하는 장기요양보험심사 등급외 판정노인의 잔존 운동기능과 수단적 일생생활동작의 수행 독립성 양상을 각각 파악하고, 잔존 운동기능과 수단적 일상생활(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; IADLs)의 독립성 간의 관계를 분석하는 것이다. 그 결과에 기초하여 등급외 판정 노인을 위한 지역사회 건강관리 서비스의 보완 방안을 고찰하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 본 횡단분석 연구를 위해 건강보험공단에서 제공하는 2015년 노인코호트 데이터 베이스를 사 용하였다. 지역사회에 거주하며 등급외 판정을 받은 노인의 사지의 운동장애 여부, IADLs 10개 항목에 대한 의존 수행 여부, 나이, 성별, 독거여부, 건강 보험료분위, 인지기능에 관한 정보를 추출하고, SAS Enterprise 7.1을 이용하여 기술통계와 이항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 자료를 분석하였다. 결과 : 결측치가 없는 3,706명의 자료를 분석에 사용하였다. 대상자의 평균연령은 81.48세(표준편차 5.27)였으며, 여성비율은 75.63% 였다. 사지별 무장애 수준은 77.8~95.7% 였고, IADLs 수행 독립성 수준은 몸단장하기(50.0%), 약 챙겨먹기(70.4%) 항목에서 응답자의 과반 이상이 독립 수행을 보고했 고, 나머지 8개 항목에서 독립성 수준은 13.5~45.7% 였다. 부위별로 차이는 있으나 나이, 성별, 독거여 부, 건강 보험료분위, 인지기능을 통제했을 때, 대상자의 사지 운동 장애는 IADLs 수행 의존과 통계적 으로 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 대상자들의 사지 무장애 비율에 비해서 IADLs 의존 수행이 높았다. 사지의 운동장애는 IADLs 의 존 수행과 상관관계가 있음을 확인했다. 등급 외 판정 노인의 장기요양집단 진입 예방에 효과적인 프로 그램 운영을 위해 기존의 지역사회 건강관리 서비스의 활용 및 다양화가 제안된다.

본 연구는 팬데믹으로 인한 돌봄 위기 속에 돌봄의 최전선에서 활동하고 있는 돌봄 영역의 필수노동자인 장기요양 돌봄노동자에 주목하고 있다. 팬데믹 시대, 장기요양 돌봄노동자의 노동실태는 어떠한지, 문제 해 결을 위한 근본적인 과제는 무엇인지를 논의한다. 이 논문은 크게 5가지 내용으로 구성되어 있다. 첫째, 장기요양 돌봄노동의 현황과 실태를 통해 일반 현황을 살펴보았다. 둘째, 코로나19 이전의 장기요양 돌봄노 동의 주요 이슈(예컨대 열악한 노동조건, 근골격계 질환 및 감정소진, 성희롱 문제 등)에 대해 살펴보았다. 셋째, 코로나19 발생 이후에 진행된 실태조사 자료들을 바탕으로 장기요양 돌봄노동에 관한 주요 이슈를 3가지 범주로 재구조화하였다. 코로나19로 장기요양 돌봄노동자들은 더욱 심화된 불안정 노동, 안전하지 못한 노동, 그리고 추가업무 및 활동 통제에 의한 과중한 노동 등에 시달리고 있다. 넷째, 팬데믹 이후 돌봄 노동자를 지원하기 위한 정책적 움직임을 살펴보고 실천현장의 사례들을 정리하였다. 마지막으로, 돌봄 영 역의 근본적인 문제 해결을 위하여 돌봄의 가치를 존중하는 사회, 돌봄노동자를 돌보는 사회로의 전환이 필요함을 제안하였다.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to perform traffic flow characteristics analysis for each point of the long-term work zones and to propose an estimated capacity method to support the establishment of traffic flow management strategies for the long-term work zones. METHODS : The study explained the difference in traffic flow characteristics between the short-term and the long-term work zones, and estimated the capacity of the long-term work zones. The analysis data were collected from five points of long-term work zones of the twolane highway. And VDS and DSRC data were applied to validate data. RESULTS : The characteristics of traffic flow at each measurement point in the long-term work zones showed some differences, among which the capacity was estimated as the starting point to be 1,200 pcphpl and the ending point, 1,400 pcphpl. The delay length was estimated by applying the queuing theory based on the capacity of the start point where the bottleneck starts. As a result of verifying the congestion length based on space diagram map analysis, it was determined that the capacity calculation value and estimation methodology presented in this study were appropriate. CONCLUSIONS : The long-term work zones are mixed with different characteristics of roads, so as the capacity values depending on the analysis location. Therefore, it is necessary to select analysis points and methodologies for estimating capacity and delay depending on the purpose of the analysis, such as estimating the maximum queue length or analyzing the maximum travel time. Through this study, it is expected that by providing accurate information on congestion in advance, road users can detour to other roads, and construction officials can adjust the construction plan to minimize congestion in the construction section.

PURPOSES : This study evaluates the long-term performance of the asphalt overlay designed by the Seoul pavement design method which determines overlay thickness by considering existing pavement conditions, traffic volume, and bearing capacity of the pavement. METHODS : A total of 76 sections including 17 control sections and 59 design sections were constructed under various traffic conditions, overlay thicknesses and asphalt mixtures. The performance of the pavements has been monitored up to 60 months in terms of surface distresses, rutting, and longitudinal roughness. The service life of the pavements was estimated to be the period when the Seoul pavement condition index (SPI) becomes 6.0, i.e., a rehabilitation level. RESULTS : Overall, the service life of the pavements was 72 months in the control and 120 months for the design sections. For relatively thinner overlay sections than designed, the service life reduced significantly; 36 months for 15cm thick overlay and 120 months for 25cm thick overlay. The service life of the pavement in the bus-only lane was 78 months, which is 30 months shorter than that in mixed-traffic lanes. Out of the bus-only lanes, 56% of the pavement along bus stop was deteriorated early to be a poor condition while only 2% of the pavement in a driving lane was degraded to be poor. The overlay with Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) in the wearing surface had 38% longer life than that with conventional dense graded mixtures. CONCLUSIONS : Most of the overlays sections designed by the Seoul pavement design method were expected to survive 10 years, except for bus-only lanes. The control sections having 5 to 10 cm thick overlays showed significant lower performance than the design sections. Thus proper thickness and materials considering the characteristics of existing pavement and traffic volumes should be applied to secure the service life of overlays.

Purpose: This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding by analyzing and exploring the work experience of infection control nurses (ICNs) in response to the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were collected from 14 ICNs, (two in in-depth interviews and 12 in groups of six) from February 19, 2021, to March 20, 2021, and were analyzed according to the content. Results: In the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic, ICNs took the lead in responding to infectious diseases, where they felt pressure in doing everything. In addition, they were confused by a lack of workforce and undetailed job plans. ICNs have been exhausted by insufficient support and system, such as the lack of support in the hospital, communication with health authorities, and difficulties with patients and visitors. However, ICNs settle with the help and encouragement of those around them. For example, pride in the work that only ICN can do, change in the cooperation of hospitals, and development of ICNs’ unique method of perseverance. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, ICNs experienced structural, physical, and mental difficulties at work. Nevertheless, the study found that a driving force enabled ICNs to endure, and that to efficiently respond to new infectious diseases in the future, it is necessary to secure ICNs and strengthen them.

Background: As South Korea enters an aged society, the government has emphasized the need for a soft landing of the older adults into the community after the acute and recovery periods under a national policy of “community care.” However, the institutionalization of community rehabilitation services to implement this is insufficient. Japan had already entered an aged society when the Long-Term Care Insurance System was introduced in 2000. Thus, the case of Japan’s institutionalization of the system is expected to have implications for us in supplementing a suitable system for the aged society. Objects: This study compared the institutionalization process of the Long-Term Care Insurance System in South Korea and Japan and the services currently being implemented in each country. Methods: To examine the institutionalization process and services of the system, related legal rules and regulations, government reports, and articles were reviewed. To examine the operation status of the system, statistical data provided by each country’s government were analyzed. Results: Japan recognized the importance of community rehabilitation even before the enactment of Long-Term Care Insurance. Thus, community rehabilitation services, such as homevisit rehabilitation and health facilities, were already stipulated in the law. Under such institutional legacy, Long-Term Care Insurance was able to establish a service system, which balanced welfare and health-related services, including various types of services with enhanced rehabilitation functions. In South Korea, rehabilitation policies were not much considered in the process of institutionalizing the system; thus, it was composed mainly of services focusing on care and recuperation. Conclusion: In order to realize community care, rehabilitation services need to be developed in Long-Term Care Insurance System in various forms such as home-visit services, daily services, short stay, and facility services.

초고층 건물에서 수평변위 제어와 수직부재에서 발생하는 부등축소에 대한 검토가 필수적이다. 이러한 부등축소는 비구조요소의 사용성과 구조요소의 안전성에 대해 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 120층 규모의 철근콘크리트 주거용 초고층 건물에 대해 시공단계해석을 수행하여 각 수직부재의 부등축소량을 비교하고 콘크리트의 장기거동의 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 영향요 인에 따라 축소량을 탄성축소량, 크리프축소량, 건조수축축소량으로 구분하여 검토하였으며 최대 절대축소량에 대한 지배적 요인을 분석하였다. 또한, 입주완료 후 30년에서 발생한 부등축소량에 대해 사용성 검토를 진행하였으며, 구조요소에 대해 설계단계와 시공 단계의 부재력을 비교하여 분석하였다.

본 연구는 장기요양 기관 종사자들의 감염관리에 대한 인지도와 수행도 현황조사를 통해 감염 관리 실태를 파악하여 장기요양 기관의 종사자를 위한 효율적인 감염관리 및 교육 프로그램 개선을 위해 수행되었다. 연구 대상자는 C 지역의 장기요양 기관 35곳의 종사자 134명이며 2021년 7월 12일부터 7월 30일까지 구조화된 설문지를 사용하여 자료를 수집하였으며 SPSS 22.0 program을 이용하여 자료 분석하 였다. 연구 결과 대상자의 감염관리 인지도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 종사자의 직종(F=3.181, p=.032), 감 염관리 교육 경험(F=6.372, p=.013) 이었으며 감염관리 수행도 또한 종사자의 직종(F=3.972, p=.010), 감 염관리 교육 경험(F=4.403, p=.038)이 영향을 크게 미쳤다. 대상자의 감염관리 인지도와 수행도는 양의 상 관관계가 있었다(r=.919, p<.001). 본 연구의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 코로나-19 팬데믹 상황에서 장기요양 기관의 환자 안전을 위해서는 종사자가 감염관리 중요성을 인지하는 것뿐만 아니라 직접 감염관리 행위를 수행하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 이를 위해서는 기관의 규모에 상관없이 직종별, 교육 주제별 체계적이고 지 속적인 교육과정 마련과 감염관리체계의 질적 향상을 위한 평가 시스템의 법적 강화가 필요할 것으로 생각 한다.