To control Thrips tabaci in Korean leek and green onion which grow at vinyl house in IKSAN, Jeollabuk-do, the non-treatment was set as negative control. In general treatment group, 120 mesh gauze was installed on the side window after planting(May, 2nd) and, in spring, Orius strigicollis (1.0/m2) was grazed 3 times every 7 days from mid of May which is early development stage and In the mid of June, which is the peak stage, plant extracts were sprayed one time. In autumn, O. strigicollis was grazed 3 times every 7 days from mid of September which is early development stage, and in the mid of October, which is the peak stage, plant extracts were sprayed one time. The result shows that the leaf damage ratio was decreased by 22% in Korean leek and by 27% in green onion compared to the untreatment. And the control value of Thrips tabaci shows 78.7% in korean leak and 90.6% in green onion. The density control effect of Thrips tabaci was significantly controlled under max 6.2/plant in general treatment group compared max 25/plant in the untreatment and this result was similar in green onion. The yields by general treatment was increased by 85% in Korean leek and 56% in green onion, compared with non-treatment yields, which was 900kg/10a in Korean leek and 1,287kg/10a in green onion.

This study was conducted to improve the effect of environment-friendly Tetranychus urticae pesticide through the development of Tetranychus urticae biopesticide using the plant extract. Tested extracts were fig leaf extract, viburnum erosum extract; besides Sophora flavescens Ait extract, Derris root extract, Tobacco leaf extract, and they were proved to be the caricidal effect of two spotted spider mite adults by spraying on the French bean leaf inoculated for Tetranychus urticae with each concentration; 500ppm, 200ppm, 100ppm, 50ppm. In the control treatments, caricidal effect was compared with only ‘Eungsami’ (500ppm, 200ppm, 100ppm, 50ppm), of which the main ingredient as environment-friendly organic material is, and distilled water. The caricidal effect of tested extracts to the two spotted spider mite adult was the highest in the Sophora flavescens Ait extract and Tobacco leaf extract over 90%, and comparatively low in the Derris root extract. When the caricidal effect of ‘Eungsami’ was compared with two spotted spider mite adults with each concentration, ‘Eungsami’(500ppm) and Tobacco leaf extract(500ppm) were very excellent as each 95.5%, 98.7% in treated concentration. The effect of Sophora flavescens Ait extract was also high as 96.5%. In the low concentration(50ppm), Sophora flavescens Ait extract was 45.8%, Tobacco leaf extract was the most effective as 53.8%.

Antimicrobial stability of grape seed extract (ActiVinTM), pine bark extract (Pycnogenol®), and oleoresin rosemary (Herbalox®) on the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila was investigated in cooked ground beef. When compared to the control, the populations of A. hydrophila were most effectively reduced by 4.06 log CFU/g for 1% Pycnogenol® added after cooking at 10 days of refrigerated storage, followed by 3.06 log CFU/g for 1% Pycnogenol® added before cooking and 1.36 log CFU/g for ActiVinTM. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities were observed for Pycnogenol® added before and after cooking, respectively. Pycnogenol® consists of heat-labile and heat-stable compounds. ActiVinTM and Pycnogenol® could be considered for use as multifunctional preservatives in meat and meat products.

Methanol extracts of 35 plant species in 20 families were tested for their insecticidal activities and repellent effects against Nilaparvata lugens female adult by topical application and spray methods. The insecticidal activities and repellent effects of various plant species and parts were different. The methanol extracts from stem of Garcinia xanthochymus, Senecio scandens and Phytolacca americana, seedcoat of Ginkgo biloba, and leaf + stem of Ailanthus altissima and Catalpa ovata showed potent insecticidal activities against N. lugens. Specially, the G. biloba extract exhibited higher than 90% mortality against N. lugens at a concentration of 4,000 ppm. Repellent effects of plant extracts obtained from whole plant of Daucus carota, fruit of Semecarpus anacardium, leaf + stem of C. ovata and Wisteria sinensis were active, and potent. Also, the plant extracts that are potent in insecticidal activity not necessarily have high repellent activity showing no significant corelation between the two activities.

Insecticidal activity of 20 plant species against adults of Myzus persicae, female adults of Tetranychus urticae, and 2<SUP>nd</SUP> or 3<SUP>rd</SUP> instar larvae of Plutella xylostella was evaluated in this study. Thirteen plant extracts showed over 80% acaricidal activity to T. urticae at the concentration of 1%, while Capsicum annuum (hot-pepper seed), Inula helenium, and Acorus calamus revealed 82.8-86.2% acaricidal activities at 0.5%. Insecticidal activities of the plant extracts to M. persicae and P. xylostella were relatively low compare to the mite. Among the plant extracts, C. anuum and Brassica juncea revealed 48.6% and 42.9% respectively insecticidal activities to the aphid at the concentration of 0.5%. Extracts of C. anuum and Jeffersonia dubia provided 55% and 50% insecticidal activity against P. xylostella at 1%. And, the highest antifeeding activity of the insect was observed in the J. dubia extract as 79.4%. Results indicated that some plant extracts including hot pepper seed could be used as potential botanical pesticides for organic farming.

Antioxidant activity of Astragalus membranaceus, Polygonatum stenophyllum, Angelica gigas, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Angelica pubescens extracts cultivated in Jecheon prepared with different solvents were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl(DPPH) radical scarvenging ability and thiocyanate method . The highest hydroxy radical scarvenging activity was shown in Acanthopanax sessiliflorus, while the lowest was in Polygonatum stenophyllum. Angelica gigas showed strong antioxidant activity by thiocyanate method. Methanol extracts and water extracts showed higher antioxidant activities than ethanol extracts. Angelica pubescens showed the highest polyphenol contents and Acanthopanax sessiliflorus showed the highest flavonoid contents. Direct correlation between the hydroxy radical scavenging activity and polyphenol contents or flavonoid contents was established by simple regression(r>0.8) in each solvent extracts. Among medicinal plants cultivated in Jecheon, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Angelica pubescens showed strong antioxidant activities. These results suggest that methanol or water extracts of several medicinal plant cultivated in Jecheon could be used as natural antioxidants.

다양한 종류의 생약재들이 동물과 인간의 성장률을 증진시키는 활성을 가지고 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 선정된 식물의 성장증진 효과를 확인하기 위해 실험동물로서 물고기와 돼지를 이용하였다. 물고기 실험에서 오가피 추출물과인진쑥 추출물이 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다 그리고 이들 오가피와 인진쑥 추출물을 돼지에 먹여본 결과 평균일일 증체율이 대조군에 비해 7.06%증가하였다. 이 결과를 검증하기위해 혈액 내 분비된 성장호르몬(GH)과 Insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)의 양을 측정하였다. 오가피와 인진쑥 추출물을 먹인 돼지는 대조군에 비해 혈액 내로 분비된 GH와 IGF-1의 양이 훨씬 더 많았다. 인간에서 성장증진 효과를 알아보기 위해 본 연구자들은 오가피와 인진쑥 추출물을 혼합하여 쌀에 코팅한 키우미^(TM)(Kiwoomi^(TM))를 제조하였다. 키우미^(TM)를 초등학생들에게 먹였을 때 키 성장에 효과적인 것을 확인하였다. 키우미^(TH)를 먹인 아이들이 먹이지 않은 아이들보다 더 많이 성장하였다(약 2.14배). 결과적으로 이 기능성 쌀(Kiwoomi^(TM))이 다른 부작용 없이 아이들의 성장에 도움을 주는 것으로 판단된다.

아프리카 나이제르산 13관 21종 식물체의 부위별로 채집된 31 시료 메탄올 추출물의 벼멸구에 대한 살충활성 및 점박이이응애에 대한 살비활성을를 가각 미량국소처리법과 잎침지법으로 조사한 결고, 시료의 부위 및 종에 따라 살충 및 살비활성에 커다란 차이를 보였다. Caesalpinacras과의 Cassia occidentalis와 Cassia tora 전부위 및 Mimosaceas 과의 Prosopis chinensts줄기의 메탄올 추출물은 벼멸구에 대해서 강한 살충활성을 보인 반면, 비름과의 Celosia trigyna 전부위, Combretaceae과의 Combretum glutinotum 잎과 Combretum micronthum 전부위 및 Prosopis chinensis 잎과 열매의 메탄올 추출물은 점박이응애에 대해 강한 살비활성을 나타내었다

배추좀나방과 담배거세미나방 유충에 대한 30종 한방 식물체 메탄올 조추출몰의 살충활성 및 섭식 저해활성을 잎침지법을 이용하여 5,000ppm으로 검정하였다. 황련의 추출물은배추좀나방에 대해 살충작용을 보였다. 길경, 사삼, 세신, 오배자 및 자초의 추출물은 배추좀나방 유충에 대해, 목통 및 속새의 추출물은 담배거세미나방 유충에 대한 강한 섭식저해활성을 보였으나, 오배자와 황련의 추출물은 이들 나비목 유충 모두에 강한 섭식저해활성을 나타내었다.

금잔화, 들깨풀, 수국등 10종의 야생식물잎의 추출물이 담배나방(Heliothis assulta) 유충의 발육과 성충의 산란에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과 유충이 높았으며 대부분 1영과 2영 기간중 먹지않기 때문이다. 여기서 살아남은 유충들도 발육기간 및 탈피횟수는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이중 갈매나무와 때죽나무의 추출물은 성충의 산란도 상당히 억제하였다.