글루코오즈(GOD) 옥시다제가 고정화된 PVA/키토산 플렌드막과 다공성 폴리아미드 복합막을 통해 인슐린의 투과거동을 살펴보았다. GOD가 고정화된 막을 통한 투과계수는 10-6~10-7cm3/cm2sec이었다. 복합막의 클루코오즈 농도에 대한 변화는 낮은 글루코오즈 농도에서 높았는데 이는 막으로부터 산소의 고갈 때문이었다. PVA/키토산 및 다공성 폴리아미드막을 통한 인슐린의 투과는 글루코오즈 농도에 따라 500mg%까지 점차 증가하였다.

Arthrobacter sp. L-3이 생성하는 glucose isomerase를 DEAE-cellulose column chromatography법으로 2단계 NaCl농도 구배로 용출함으로서 순수분리하였다. 이것이 SDS-acrylamide gel electrophoresis상에서 단일띠를 보임으로서 매우 잘 분리되었음을 알 수 있었다. Glucose isomerase의 K_m값과 V_max값이 각각 0.175M, 0.29(㎎/㎖/min)로 얻어졌다. 한편, SDS-acrylamide gel electrophoresis와 Sephadex-G100-50에 의한 gel filtration으로부터 분자량이 각각 42, 000과 180, 000으로 얻어져, 이 효소는 분자량이 42, 500인 4개의 subunit로 구성되었음을 알 수 있었다.

Experiments were performed using sweet potato starch-wheat composite flours to study the rheology and baking properties of bread with composite flours and to test sensory characteristics. Doughs were prepared from mixtures containing wheat flour and 10, 20, and 30% of sweet potato starch(SPS). Standard methods were used to evaluate the rheology and characteristics of wheat composite flour. The results were as follows : 1. The water absorption, developing time and stability measured by farinograph tended to decrease as SPS contents increased. 2. As the contents of SPS increased, the maximum viscosity of the composite flour by amylograph increased, yet gelatinization temperature was slightly low. 3. In the extensograph, extensibility decreased but the ratio of resistence to extensibility increased in proportion to the contents of SPS. 4. In the quality scoring of the bread, WF, WF + SPS 10%, WF + SPS 20% and WF SPS 30% were 84, 80, 77, 73, respectively. Specific volume and crumb characteristics of bread became inferior as SPS contents increased.

本 실험은 등과야초인 칡에 당분을 첨가한 사일리지를 조제하여 사료배치를 향상시키기 위하여 실시하였다.칡은 줄기와 잎을 2.0~2.5cm로 절단하여 2l들이 플라스틱 용기에 물8% 첨가한 사일리지, 물8%와 전분3%첨가한 사일리지, 물8%와 포도당3% 첨가한 사일리지 그리고 아무것도 첨가하지 않은 칡 사일리지를 조제하였으며 이들과 옥수수 사일리지를 비교하였다. 사일리지의 발표품질인 유기산과 조직성분의 특성(NOF, AOF, AOL)과 pepsin-cell

The possible effects of 10% carbohydrate containting diets on the serum glucose and lipids values were studied with normal and alloxan - diabetic male rats for a period of 28 days. The diets were supplemented with either glucose, cornstarch or sucrose, fructose or the basal diet containing no added carbohy drates. After this period, 3 to 4 rats among the each group were killed and samples of serum, liver, spleen and kidney were collected. The others were rendered diabetic by the intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (190mg/wtkg). Then original feeding scedule was continued for 3 days in all five diabetic groups, before the collection of tissue samples and serum. Feeding the nondiabetic rats with glucose and fructose delayed the bodyweight development relatively compared with nonsugar group. The weight deductions after alloxan injection were similar in all feeding groups. All diabetic animals exhibited increased blood glucose triglceride levels but almost unchanged total cholesterol values. Blood glucose values for nondiabetic rats were normal ranges, and then glucose feeding group was the highest. Total - cholesterol values were the highest in nondiabetic rats fed glucose, fructose and in diabetics fed sucrose, glucose. Triglyceride values were the highest in nondiabetic rats fed sucrose, and no difference in diabetic rats. Some cornstarch group exhibited fatty-livers in diabetic and nondiabetic, and more studies need.

Effects of garlic on hypocholesterolemia, anticoagulation and hypoglycemia were studied in the present experiments using male rats. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The supplementation of 2~4% garlic to 2% cholesterol diets did not affect food intake and weight gain in male rats. 2. Rat's groups fed the diets supplemented with 2~3% garlic (C.D.E.F) to 2% cholesterol diet (B) decreased serum total cholesterol levels by 16~32%, triglyceride levels by 18.6~26.8% and β/α-lipoportein rations by 42~58%, but increased HDL-cholesterol levels by 29~65% as compared to B group, and so the author assumes that garlic supplementation exerts hypocholesterolemic effect on cholesterol - fed rats because of the increase of HDL and HDL - cholesterol levels. 3. Rat's groups fed the diets supplemented with 2~4% garlic (C.D.E.F) to 2% cholesterol plus 0.25% bile salt diet (B) increased whole blood coagulation times, prothrombin times and fibrinolytic activities, but decreased plasma fibrinogen levels as compared to B group, and so the author assumes that garlic supplementation exerts anticoagulative effect because of the inhibition of fibrinogen synthesis in male rat's liver. 4. Rat's groups fed the diets supplemented with 2~4% garlic (B.C.D.E) to standard diet (A) decreased serum glucose levels by 1~24%, but increased serum insulin concentrations by 0.5~3.0 times as compared to A group, and so the author assumes that garlic supplementation exerts hypoglycemic effect because of the increase of serum insulin levels by stimulation pancreatic secretion of insulin from β-cells in the islets of Langerhans.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the improvement effect of 5% turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on the blood glucose and lipid metabolism function of streptozotocin (STZ, 45 mg/kg body weight)-induced diabetic rats. Seven-week-old male rats were divided into four groups (n=6), and fed experimental diets containing turmeric meal [basal diet+5% turmeric (BT), basal diet+STZ+5% turmeric (ST)], and control (BD), BS groups (basal diet+STZ). The results of this study, turmeric diet groups (BT, ST) in lipid component as evidenced from the significantly reduction of serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), atherosclerotic index (AI), cardiac risk factor (CRF), triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL), free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, uric acid, blood glucose, non esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and elevation of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol). The serum albumin and globulin contents were increased in turmeric supplementation diet than STZ-induced diabetic rats (p<0.05). Concentrations of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) in sera were lower in the turmeric diet than diabetic group. Total calcium (T-Ca), phosphorus (Pi) and potassium (K) concentrations in sera were higher in the BT, ST and BD groups than BS group. In vivo experiments with Sprague-Dawley rats showed that ingestion of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) were effective in the blood glucose and lipid metabolism functional improvement.

천연물 유래 단일 성분의 지방세포로의 분화 및 지방축적 억제효과에 대한 잠재성을 탐색하기 위해 본 연구에서는 화살나무의 껍질에서 분리 정제한 FG가 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에 있어서 지방세포로의 분화 및 지방구 축적에 미치는 영향에 대해 평가하고, 관련 메카니즘에 대해 검토하였다. FG는 분화용 배지에 포함된 분화 촉진인자들의 자극에 의한 지방생성에 있어 주요한 전사인자인 PPARγ와 그 표적 단백질인 FABP4의 발현을 억제함으로써 지방세포 분화 및 지방구 축적을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 FG가 비만이나 비만과 관련된 당뇨병 등을 예방, 개선하는데 유용한 물질로 사용될 가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Backgound : Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic disorders that are characterized by intestinal epithelial inflammation and injury. Currently, the most employed therapies are antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs; however, the side effects limit long-term effectiveness. Methods and Results : We evaluated the impact of glucose-lysine Maillard reaction products (Glc-Lys MRPs) on colitis, induced in rats by an administration of 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water. Glc-Lys MRPs ameliorate DSS-induced colitis, as determined by a decrease in disease. index activity, colon weight/length ratio, nitric oxide levels in serum, recovery of body weight loss, colon length and serum lysozyme levels. Furthermore, Glc-Lys MRPs increase the glutathione content and the activity of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, and inhibit lipid peroxidation and myeloperoxidase activity in colon tissues. In particular, Glc-Lys MRPs suppress the mRNA level of the inflammatory cytokines and nuclear factor-κB in colon tissues. Conclusion : This study suggests the potential of Glc-Lys MRPs in preventing or treating IBDs.

인구 고령화 및 서구화된 식습관, 생활습관 변화 등으로 인해 수명 연장, 만성대사성 질환의 유병율이 증가하고 있다. 또한 헬스케어 관련 제품의 구매가 활성되면서 모바일을 기반으로 한 혈당관리 모바일 App이 급속도로 발전되고 있으며, 다양한 제품들이 출시되고 있다. 하지만 병원용 혈당기는 많은 사람들을 사용함에도 불구하고 병원 시스템과 유기되어야 하고 기능의 복잡성과 제약 등으로 인하여 모바일 APP에 비해 GUI 개발이 미비한 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존 모바일 APP의 GUI와 병원용 혈당기 GUI를 선행연구를 통해 최적화가 반영된 병원용 혈당기가 기존 병원용 혈당기와 사용성에서 차이가 있는지도 검증하고자 한다. 분석결과, 기존 병원용 GUI 비해 최적화가 반영된 GUI가 사용성이 높은 것으로 나타났으나 만족도는 변함이 없었다. 또한 플렛 디자인은 스큐어모피즘 디자인보다 작은 화면에서 사용성에 큰 도움을 주고 있음 알 수 있었다. 이를 통해 사용자요구가 반영된 직관적이고 신뢰할 수 있는 GUI를 제공하고 이를 통해 적극적인 혈당관리를 유도하게 하는 데에 도움이 되었으면 한다.

Hyperglycemia found in diabetes mellitus causes several physiological abnormalities including the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidative stress. Accumulation of AGEs and elevation of oxidative stress plays major roles in the development of diabetic complications. Adiponectin secreted from adipocytes is known to improve insulin sensitivity and blood glucose level. Curcumin (CCM), a bioactive component of turmeric, has been reported as a potent antioxidant. Present work aimed to elucidate the roles of CCM in high glucose-induced protein glycation and intracellular events in mature adipocytes. The results demonstrated that CCM inhibited the formation of fluorescent AGEs by approximated 52% at 3 weeks of bovine serum albumin (BSA) glycation with glucose. Correspondingly, CCM decreased the levels of fructosamine and α-dicarbonyl compounds during BSA glycation with glucose. These data suggested that CCM might be a new promising anti-glycation agent. Also, CCM reduced high glucose-induced oxidative stress in a dose dependent manner, whereas CCM treatment time-dependently elevated the expression of adiponectin gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The findings from this study suggested the possibility of therapeutic use of CCM for the prevention of diabetic complications and obesity-related diseases.

Obesity is characterized by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance, which are aggravated by the interaction between hypertrophic adipocytes and macrophages. In this study, we investigated the effects of tangeretin on inflammatory changes and glucose uptake in a coculture of hypertrophic adipocytes and macrophages. Tangeretin decreased nitric oxide production and the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 in a coculture of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW 264.7 cells. Tangeretin also increased glucose uptake in the coculture system, but did not affect the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and Akt. These results suggest that tangeretin improves insulin resistance by attenuating obesity-induced inflammation in adipose tissue.

Menopause is characterized by a decrease in estrogen production by the ovaries. Furthermore, the risk of developing chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes increases in menopausal women. In this study, we evaluated the ability of Caragana sinica (CS) to affect lipid and glucose metabolism in an ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rat model of induced menopause. The animals were divwided randomly into three groups: sham-operated rats (SHAM), ovariectomized rats (OVX), and ovariectomized rats treated with 1% water extract of CS (OVX-CS). The OVX-CS treated mice showed a significant decrease in body weight, adipose tissue, triglyceride, and total cholesterol. Improved lipid and glucose profiles were also observed, and were attributed to suppression of hepatic lipogenesis and adipokine production and regulation of glucose-regulating enzyme activity. Therefore, these findings indicate a potential use for CS as a functional food for menopause-induced hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of tea catechin on fasting blood glucose in experimental diabetes model. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats was induced by high fat diet/low-dose streptozotocin. The experimental group was divided into 3 different groups, non-diabetes control (NC) group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group, and diabetes mellitus+P60 (DM+P60) group. Polyphenon 60(P60) administered with dissolved in 0.2% dringking water. At 16 weeks after P60 treatment, fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin and serum triglyceride levels were measured. The glucose metabolism-related genes were studied in rat liver by RNA-seq analysis. Fasting blood glucose levels increase by four times in the DM group compared to the NC group. In the DM+P60 group, it was decreased by 24% compared to the DM group. The HOMA-IR index was increased in the DM group and it decreased in the DM+P60 group compared to the DM group. The serum triglyceride level increased by 148% in the NC group, and decreased by 22% in the DM+P60 group compared to the DM group. Glucokinase mRNA expression was decreased in the liver of DM group compared to NC group, whereas the phosphofructokinase 1, glucose-6-phosphotase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression did not show significant differences in DM group liver. In DM+P60 group, liver glucokinase expression was increased significantly (P: 5.00E-05) compared with DM group. This study shows that P60 beneficially modifies glucose metabolism and markedly enhances glucose tolerance in experimental diabetic rats. Dietary supplementation with P60 could potentially contribute to nutritional strategies for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.