PURPOSES :This study intends to estimate the tangible benefits derived from the integration of operations of an Express·Intercity Bus Terminal and a Highway Service Area.METHODS:For the study, a highway service area was chosen to function as a bus terminal, integrating its services with that of a nearby bus terminal plagued by operating losses. The exercise also helped improve mobility owing to the introduction of local buses between the terminals and utilization of the existing infrastructure such as rest areas. Thus, a terminal that was not being utilized for its intended functionality was integrated with an existing facility to improve the utilization of both and subsequently aid local development. The impact of the exercise was then measured by evaluating the variation in utilization efficiency, operating costs, travel time between two regions (Seoul-Jeomchon and Seoul-Geumsan), and the social costs before and after the integration of the two facilities.RESULTS:The impact of the integration was an increase in utilization efficiency, a decrease in operating cost, a decrease in travel time, and a decrease in social cost in both the regions. The benefits of improved utilization and cost saving can be passed on to the citizens in the form of discounts. A local power generation facility will eventually replace the bus terminal, which can revitalize the local economy.CONCLUSIONS:The integration of the highway service area with the bus terminal is expected to have a win-win effect on the passengers as well as the operators. The study also proposes a sustainable strategic plan for existing terminals and rest areas to implement a method to compete with KTX transportation.

This study was to investigate the association among satisfaction of nutrition labeling, change of purchase behaviors, and dietary life care, based on the awareness of nutrition labeling at expressway rest areas. The subjects (n=903) were divided into two groups, according to the awareness of nutrition labeling: Awareness of Nutrition Labeling (ANL) group, n=367; Non Awareness of Nutrition Labeling (NANL) group, n=536. Effort of health care and identification of nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. As for the main reason for not identifying nutrition labeling, ‘not interested in nutrition labeling’ was the highest in the ANL group, and ‘Don't know nutrition labeling is provided’ in the NANL group. Identification ratio of nutrition labeling in future was significantly higher in the NANL group, compared with the ANL group among the subjects who didn't identify nutrition labeling before. After their becoming aware, a change of food purchase after reading the nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. Health beliefs on the nutrition labeling were significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. Satisfaction of nutrition labeling was also significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. The ANL group also expressed a necessity of expansion of nutrition labeling, compared with the NANL group. In the ANL group, identification of nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the hard effort group, compared with the little effort group of dietary life care. Therefore, improvement and campaign of nutrition labeling for consumers at expressway rest areas, especially for the NANL group, will be effective in identifying nutrition labeling for their health care.

PURPOSES: Design of approach roads of rest areas in highway has many drawbacks such as geometric design elements. There has been traffic accidents occured in these approach roads of rest areas. Thus, design criteria is required in order to protect accidents from being occurred. In case of Korea, geometric structure design criteria of entry facilities, such as toll-gate, interchange, junction etc was established. However there are no presence in a detailed standards for geometric structure of the rest area which affiliated road facilities. METHODS: In this study, analytic on accidents was carried out in regards to the entry of geometric structure of resting areas by utilizing a sight survey and an investigation research of traffic accidents. The survey was targeting 135 general service areas. Collisions with physical channelization and safety facilities occurred due to speeding, rapid entry, and etc at the entrance nose section. At the entrance connector roads, accidents caused by speeding, negligence, over-operation of handle of drivers were main reason of accidents. Discriminant analysis were conducted about geometric elements to distinguish influencing factors for traffic accidents. the lengths and access angles of the entrance connector roads were regarded as to have the high relation with traffic accidents. RESULTS: After classifying the design section of resting areas' entry as well as derive design elements on each section, a speed measurement by targeting entry of rest areas and car behavior surveys were performed, then each element's minimum standard was derived through the analyses. According to the speeds at the starting/end point of entrance connector road, the range of the junction setting angle of the entrance connector road is defined as 12˚~17˚ and the connector length model was suggested. CONCLUSIONS: Suggest improvement plans for existing rest areas that can be applied realistically. This should be corresponded to the standards of entry and exit of developed rest areas.

휴게소 진 출입부는 설계속도 등이 급변하는 구간으로 교통안전 취약구간이며 특히, 휴게소 진입부는 감속과 주차공간 검색 두 가지 작업이 동시에 수행되므로 이용차량의 안전성을 확보할 수 있는 설계기준이 필요하다. 국내의 경우 영업소나 나들목, 분기점 같은 출입시설에 대한 기하구조 기준은 수립되어 있는 반면, 도로의 부속시설인 휴게소에 대한 상세한 기하구조 기준은 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 일반형 휴게소 135개소를 대상으로 한 현장조사 및 사고조사 자료를 활용하여 휴게소진 출입부 기하구조에 대한 문제점을 도출하였다. 휴게소 진 출입부의 설계구간을 분류하고 각 구간에 대한 설계요소를 도출한 후, 휴게소 진 출입부를 대상으로 속도조사 및 차량주행행태 조사를 수행하고 분석을 통해 설계요소별 최소 기준을 도출하였다. 진입 연결로의 시/종점 속도에 따라 감속거리 산정식을 이용하여 진입 연결로의 최소길이는 40m를 제안하였고, 주행행태를 기반으로 선형 안전성 평가를 통해 접속 설치각은 12~17˚를 제안하였다. 개발된 휴게소 진입부 설계기준은 신설되는 휴게소 뿐만 아니라 기존 휴게소에 대해 현실적으로 적용 가능한 개선방안을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

본 연구는 고속도로 휴게시설 이용자측면에서 평가할 수 있는 서비스 평가모형을 개발하여 고속도로 노선별 휴게소를 평가하고 향후 모니터링 시 활용하고자 하였다. 평가지표 개발방향은 휴게소 이용자들의 필요성, 시대여건 반영, 종합 평가지표 구축, 관련연구 검토와 같이 크게 4가지 관점으로 정립한 후 기존문헌 검토 및 전문가 심층면접 토론(FGI)을 통해 1차 평가항목을 선정하고, 평가지표의 적합성 검증을 통해 최종평가지표를 도출하였다. 이용자 설문인 AHP분석을 통하여 도출된 평가항목 중요도 분석결과는 시설물 측면(0.31), 서비스 측면(0.29), 운영적 측면(0.21), 환경적 측면(0.19)순으로 가중치가 도출되었다. 본 연구결과에서도 알 수 있듯이 정량적, 정성적인 인자가 함께 고려되어 실질적인 고속도로 휴게소 평가가 가능하고, 휴게소별 맞춤형 휴게소 향상 방향 제시 및 향후 모니터링을 위한 기초연구가 될 수 있을 것이다.

최근 비점오염원에 대한 관심이 높아지면서, 환경부 및 유관단체를 중심으로 노면 유출수를 포함한 비점오염원(Non point source)에 대한 현황 조사 및 처리 방법에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 고속도로 휴게소 주차장 노면 유출수는 고속도로 본선 노면 유출수보다 유해물질 오염도가 높을 것으로 예상되어, 본 연구는 이 지역의 노면 유출수 오염도 조사를 통해 유출수 평가 및 노면 유출수 저감시설의 저감효과를 분석하여 휴게소 노면유출수 관리방안을 수립하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 휴게소지점에 대한 강우 유출수 분석 결과 포장지역의 특성인 초기강우현상을 볼 수 있었으며, 강우초기에 입자상물질은 중금속과 결합하여 다량 유출되는 특성을 나타내었다. 휴게소 지점의 강우유출수에 대한 오염물질별 EMC에 대한 95% 확신범위로는 TSS 128.2-273.4mg/L, COD 145.4-310.1mg/L, TN 6.1-11mg/L, TP 1.9-2.9mg/L의 범위로 분석되어 고속도로에서 유출되는 강우유출수와 비슷한 수준으로 유출되는 것으로 분석되었으나, 중금속의 경우 고속도로에 비해 고농도의 중금속이 유출되는 것으로 나타났는데, 이것은 차량 정차시 브레이크 패드나 타이어의 마모등에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 휴게소지점에 대한 면적당 발생되는 부하량 통계분석결과, TSS의 평균 부하량은 1411.6mg/m2로 산정되었으며, COD 709.7mg/m2, TN 44.0mg/m2, TP 10.4mg/m2로 산정되었다. 중금속의 경우 Total Cu 12927.4μg/m2, Total Fe 32074.4μg/m2, Total Pb 40371μg/m2, Total Ni 10679.2μg/m2로 산정되었다.

Bacteriological quality evaluations were carried out for rice rolled in laver(Kimbab), Hamburger, Walnut cake and Chinese noodle (Jajangmyun), which were on sale in April and May 1995, in May and July 1997 and in January 1999, at 20 different resting places on Kyung-Bu, Ho-Nam, Joong-Bu and Young-Dong Highway in Korea. Food poisoning bacteria were not detected. However numerous coliform bacteria were dectected saying that the sanitary condition of foods on sale at resting places of the highways was not hygienic. There exited 8.8 × 10⁴∼6.6 × 10^5 cells/g of coliform bacteria in all the Kimbab sold in 1995. As for Hamburger, 1.8 × 10²∼4.7 × 10⁴ cells/g of coliform bacteria proliferated in all the samples. In 1997, E. coli was found in 16 cases and 21 cases respectively out of 22 Kimbab samples, Hamburger dealing at 7 resting places out of 14 were contaminated with 1.7 × 10²∼1.9 × 10^7 cells/g of coliform bacteria and Hamburgers dealing at 2 resting places were infected by E. coli. In contrast to the Kimbab and Hamburger, all the 6 Walnut cake samples were free from the microbial pollution exhibitory that their hygienic condition was satisfactory. 3 samples out of 6 Jajangmyun were contaminated by 7.1 × 10²∼2.0 × 10³cells/g of coliform bacteria, but E. coli was not detected. Compared Kimbab sold in 1995 and 1997 with 1999, Kimbab sold in it can be said that hygienic control for Kimbab should be performed more strictly during hot season than during cold season. Walnut cake was the safest against microbial contamination, followed by Jajangmyun, Hamburger and Kimbab in decreasing order, indicating that foods with mixed ingredients such as Kimbab and Hamburger were more susceptible to microbial infection, so that a more systematic safety control is needed for such foods during cooking, processing and distribution.

본 연구에서는 덕평자연휴게소, 마장프리미엄휴게소, 망향휴게소를 방문하는 관광객을 대상으로 고속도로 휴게소의 테마공간에 대한 만족도가 휴게소에 대한 재방문의도와 추천의도에 미치는 영향을 실증 조사하고자 한다. 조사결과, 독특한 테마로 구성되어있는 ‘화장실’, ‘체험문화공간’, ‘식당’에 대한 만족도가 휴게소에 대한 재방문의도에 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, ‘화장실’과 ‘체험문화공간’은 휴게소에 대한 추천의도에도 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 이는 고속도로 휴게소의 이색적인 테마공간, 특히 만족도가 가장 높은 테마화장실 조성을 통한 차별화 전략이 고객의 만족도를 제고시키고 긍정적 구전효과를 일으켜 휴게소 운영의 활성화 및 경쟁력을 강화시킬 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

This study suggests plants applicable to the interior of the bathrooms on express highways to save costs for indoor plant replacement and management of the bathrooms by examining and analyzing plant management status in total of 28 locations. First, indoor gardening space was examined, then status of use and management of indoor plants of each resting place was examined. Most bathrooms on express highways meet the fair condition of lighting, temperature and humidity to put plants. For example, 16 places(57%) out of 28 showed illumination intensity higher than 1000Lux. Average daytime temperature was 24.1℃; temperatures of most places were ranged in 21～25℃; humidity inside the bathrooms was about 60%, all of which indicate that most resting places have optimal environment to put plants in the bathrooms. To analyze management status of planting, survey was conducted on the managers. 2 locations out of total 13 subject locations are managed by 3 visits per month; 11 locations use direct management by each management office to manage the facilities. Plant replacement is done according to operation, management, and control system except 4 locations; and time for watering, removing of leaves and dust and replacement vary in each resting place. In addition, lighting and watering are considered the most important in most resting places and problems of plant management are frost damage during winter and watering.

This study aimed to obtain the relative formula with the unit treatment cost according to the treatment of a sewage plant in the service area under highway. The following results were obtained. The correlative formula connected to amount of sewage(Q)generation was as follows ; between an annual amount of sale(C) showed Q=19.113·C0.9294, and between the number of users(P) showed Q=2×10-8·P2 - 0.0298·P + 75,666. The correlative formula connected to the treatment cost was as follows ; according to the amount of sewage generation showed S= 3×10-6·Q - 0.2266·Q + 29,895, according to the elimination of BOD(E) showed S= 6×10-5·E2 - 0.6717·E + 27,744, accoding to the annual amount of sale showed S=0.0005·C2 - 4.8013·C + 35,118, with the number of persons(P) using the service area showed S= 2×10-8·P2 - 0.046·P + 48,803.