바이오의약품 시장이 성장함에 따라 분리정제공정의 연구를 통해 비용 절감을 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있 다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 정용여과 장치를 개발하여 바이오의약품 제조 공정에서의 완충액 교환 성능 평가를 수행하였다. 해 당 방법은 가변 부피 정용여과의 방식을 사용하였으며 전량여과 방식을 사용하였다. 이를 통하여, 완충액 사용량을 약 55% 감소시킬 수 있었다. 또한 역흐름을 통해 막의 파울링을 제어하여 초기 유량의 70%를 복구하며 유량의 감소를 완화할 수 있 었으며 교반을 통해 공정시간을 약 52.8% 단축시킬 수 있었다. 또한 새로운 정용여과 장치를 사용하여 연속공정으로의 전환 을 제안한다. 공정의 체류량을 감소시킬 수 있으며, 이는 초소형화 공정을 가능하게 한다. 초소형화 공정을 통해 적은 용량을 사용하여 다양한 조건에서의 신속한 공정 설계를 가능하게 한다. 하지만 고농도에서의 추가 실험을 통해 상업용 공정에서의 사용 가능 여부에 대한 증명이 필요하다.

As the pollution from waste marine emissions becomes serious, the government's regulations are becoming more stringent. In addition to sewage sludge, manure sludge and waste sludge were included in the prohibition of off-shore sewage treatment and the allowable standard value of pollutants for the water quality discharged by the companies was increased. The difficulties of the enterprises due to the increase of the wastewater treatment costs are increasing. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to reduce wastewater treatment costs and the processing burden of the consigned waste processing companies by constructing wastewater pretreatment facilities of their own waste. Therefore, it is urgent to develop low cost wastewater pretreatment or treatment facilities and technologies to meet the situation of wastewater discharge companies. In this study, a low cost system has been developed for filtering sludge in the wastewater by modifying the structure of drum screen and adopting the impact separation method. Using this system, the procedure and cost for purification and subsequent retreatment of a highly concentrated wastewater can be significantly reduced.

Intermittent duty of emergency generator has problems emitting large quantities of PM and NOx in exhaust gas. The aim of this study is to propose DPF system which can be applied to medium-large emergency generators. The system is composed of soot dust collector, silencer and filter trap, which is designed to reduce PM emissions at the emergency generator start-up. The pneumatic system controls a flow direction of exhaust gas to pass through the soot collector and filter trap until the engine reaches complete combustion condition. An experiment is performed to measure PM content and concentration to analyze the performance and characteristics of the proposed system.

The purpose of this study is to develop the automatic water wank for rural living water with a built-in filter device. For this purpose, the author carrying out the design and production of devices such as a stacked plate filter, automatic water tank and water purification equipment, main control system and solenoid valve, solar cell, battery, water gauge, flowmeter and pump, etc. As a result, the author obtained very good results which satisfy all the research and development objectives planned. In addition, the water quality test results received, it is determined that the water is suitable for rural living water standards of the developed prototype.

Many countries of the world has been devoting a lot of effort to reduce carbon emission. In order to reduce carbon emission, the high efficiency engine has been studied in the automotive industry. Of these, the spread and research of the diesel engine in Europe center are active. However the combustion characteristic of diesel engines have disadvantages of much NOx and soot emissions. In this study, the optimum regeneration point of the forced regeneration type DPF(Diesel Particulate Filter) that was equipped in medium-duty diesel vehicles using a mechanical fuel injection system have studied. DPF that is applied to the medium-duty diesel vehicle has a bent inlet pipe. The flow distribution characteristics of DPF according to the influence of the bent pipe have investigated. The flow distribution characteristics of DPF according to variation of the engine operating condition is considered to be useful data In order to decide the optimum regeneration point.

Diesel particulate matter is one of the major harmful emissions under strict regulations. The exhaust after-treatment devices are added to the diesel engines as stricter regulations are introduced worldwide. In the present study, new system of smoke reduction of diesel engine is proposed. This new system is using suction equipment and fiber glass filter included moisture for capture smoke. For verification of new system experiments are performed at diesel engine. As a result it is founded that smoke is decreased.

산성 용액의 수처리가 폴리아크릴로니트릴계 중공사형 한외여과막에 미치는 영향을 십자흐름 방식의 순환식 막 모듈 여과 장치를 이용하여 연구하였다. 막 모듈 여과장치를 이용하여 pH 2인 강산성 용액의 수처리를 시작한 지 약 80시간이 경과되었을 때 막 투과량(permeate flux)이 급격히 감소하는 것을 관측하였다. 또한, 수처리 시간 별로 막 모듈 여과장치의 공급조에서 채취한 샘플 용액의 자외선/가시광선 흡수 스펙트럼과 기체 크로마토그래피/질량분석(gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, GC/MS) 스펙트럼을 분석한 결과 수처리 시간이 경과함에 따라 막 모듈을 통과한 농축액 속에 새로운 유기 화합물이 생성된다는 사실을 알아내었다. 질량스펙트럼 분석을 통해 이 화합물을 1,6-dioxacyclododecane-7,12-dione이라고 예측하였으며, 각종 플라스틱 특히 폴리우레탄 제조 시 사용되는 첨가제 중 하나라는 사실도 알아내었다. 수처리에 사용된 막에 대한 전자주사 현미경 사진 및 고체 NMR 분석 등의 추가 실험을 통해 산성 용액 수처리 과정에서 발생한 막 투과량의 감소는 산성 용액 하에서 일어나는 UF막의 변형에 의한 것이 아니라 막 모듈 여과장치에 사용된 폴리우레탄 튜브에서 산과의 반응에 의해 용출된 저 분자량의 유기화합물이 막 오염 현상을 일으켰기 때문인 것으로 결론지었다. 이번 연구 결과는 산성 용액의 수처리 공정 시 UF막 자체의 산에 대한 반응성 뿐 아니라 막 모듈을 포함한 수처리 장치 자체의 산에 대한 반응성 역시 산 용액의 수처리 효율은 물론, 산을 이용한 막의 화학 세정 효율 및 수처리 막의 pH 사용 한계를 결정하는 데 매우 중요한 요소 중 하나라는 것을 보여준다.

We have invented mobile HEPA filter unit of hemopoietic stem cell transplantation clean room (class 100), which is a capsule type to protect the patient from being infected by harmful Aspergillus spore. This equipment is based on the basic structure of US Federal Standard 209D, biological clean room standard of NASA NHB 5340-2 and measurement standard of Japanese JACA No. 24-1989. Performance of HEPA filter was evaluated by dioctyl phthalate (DOP) test method, resulting in 99.97% efficiency for 0.3 ㎛ particles. HEPA filter unit used only 98 W electricity with 24 V storage cell for the patient's treatment for over three hours. When the wind speed was 0.2 to 0.3 m/sec as in bone marrow transplantation clean room, the air flow was constant laminar vertical type. When the amount of dust was measured in the hospital, the equipment maintained the grade of clean class 100 and microbe was not detected. The noise level was less than 52 dB(A). The amounts of microbe inside and outside the building were almost same. The amount was even more in cancer sick room, serious case room and X-rays room than in the general rooms. Also, elevators and stair room were found to transport dust to other areas. Even though the patient with low immunity can be protected from Aspergillus spore by a HEPA filter unit, the system preventing microbe system such as BMT clean room should be placed in rooms such as PET, CT, MRI, and radiation room so that the patients can be protected from having infected by the extremely harmful Aspergillus spore.

본 연구에서는 4종류의 탄소계 관형 세라믹막으포 제지공장의 방류수를 물로 주기적 역세척하면서 한외여과하였을 때, 물 역세척 주기와 막간압력차 (TMP), 유량의 영향과 최적운전조건을 규명하였다. 역세척 시간(BT)은 3초로 고정하였고, 역세척 주기(FT)는 여과시간을 15~60초로, TMP는 1.00~2.50kgf/cm2로, 유량은 0.25~1.75 L/min로 변화시켜 가면서 각각 그 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한, 최적조건은 무차원 투과선속 (J/JO) 및 총 여과부피 (VT), 막오염에 의한 저항 (Rf)의 측면에서 고찰하였다. 그 결과 최적 역세척 주기는 BT/FT=0.20로, 빈번한 역세척은 막오염을 감소시켰다. 한편, VT측면에서 최적 TMP는 1.00~1.55kgf/cm2로 TMP 증가는 막오염을 심화시켜 투과선속을 감소시켰으나, 유량 증가는 막오염을 감소시켜 투과선속을 증가시키는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 탄소계 세라믹 분리막에 의한 오염물질 제거율은 탁도의 경우 88~98%로 높았으나, CODcr의 경우 48~72%, 총용존고형물 (TDS)의 경우 37~76%였다.

In this study, using coke dust from ironwork, the pulse pressure on a pulse air jet bag filter was investigated considering the influence of the pressure loss due to filtration velocity and pressure intervals. The research on the optimal pulse pressure prediction of a pulse air jet type bag filter using coke dust showed the following results. Pressure loss volatility produced by the pulse pressure under low dust concentration(0.5, 1 g/m3) and low face velocity(1.25 m/min) was less than 10 mmH2O. This suggests that the pulse pressure has a low impact on the pressure loss. In contrast, pressure loss volatility under high dust concentration(3 g/m3) and high face velocity(1.75 m/min) was 25 mmH2O. Therefore, pulse pressure with high dust concentration and high face velocity has a strong influence on the pressure loss volatility, compared to the condition of low dust concentration and low face velocity. The optimal pulse pressure of inlet dust concentration(0.5 g/m3) was 6 kg/cm2 under the same face velocity(1.75 m/min). As concentration increased from 1 to 2 g/m3, the pulse pressure gradually reached 5 kg/cm2 thus indicating that the pulse pressure(5 kg/cm2) is pertinent at a high concentration(3 g/m3). The pulse intervals: 20, 25 and 30 sec, which are relatively longer than 10 and 15 sec, corresponded to high pressure loss volatility produced by the pulse pressure. Furthermore, low pressure loss volatility was noted at 5 kg/cm2 of the overall pulse pressure.

본 연구는 부가 여과판의 재질로 구리와 니켈을 선정하여 각 물질에 따라 선량과 화질의 차이를 비교 평가하였다. 먼저, 선량에 대한 실험은 흡수선량 측정으로 란도 팬텀을 이용하여 구리 및 니켈의 부가 여과판 을 None, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm로 변화시켜 설치하고 120 kVp, 6.3 mAs의 조건으로 조사하였다. 두 번째로, 관전압 변화와 노출지수 변화에 따라 부가 여과판 두께별로 얻은 영상을 Image J 프로그램을 이용하여 SNR과 CNR값을 구하여 영상을 평가 하였다. 흡수선량 측정은 니켈이 구리보다 높게 나왔으며, 두께가 증가할수록 흡수선량은 감소하였다(p<0.05). 관전압이 증가와 노출지수 변화에 대해서도 두 영상에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 결론적으로 본 연구는 부가 여과판에서 니켈은 기존의 구리에 비해 피폭선 량을 감소하면서도 현재의 영상의 질을 유지할 수 있는 물질임을 알 수 있다.

In this study, pressure drop was measured in the pulse jet bag filter without venturi on which 16 numbers of filter bags (Ø140 × 850 ℓ) are installed according to operation condition(filtration velocity, inlet dust concentration, pulse pressure, and pulse interval) using coke dust from steel mill. The obtained 180 pressure drop test data were used to predict pressure drop with multiple regression model so that pressure drop data can be used for effective operation condition and as basic data for economical design. The prediction results showed that when filtration velocity was increased by 1%, pressure drop was increased by 2.2% which indicated that filtration velocity among operation condition was attributed on the pressure drop the most. Pressure was dropped by 1.53% when pulse pressure was increased by 1% which also confirmed that pulse pressure was the major factor affecting on the pressure drop next to filtration velocity. Meanwhile, pressure drops were found increased by 0.3% and 0.37%, respectively when inlet dust concentration and pulse interval were increased by 1% implying that the effects of inlet dust concentration and pulse interval were less as compared with those changes of filtration velocity and pulse pressure. Therefore, the larger effect on the pressure drop the pulse jet bag filter was found in the order of filtration velocity(Vf), pulse pressure(Pp), inlet dust concentration(Ci), pulse interval(Pi). Also, the prediction result of filtration velocity, inlet dust concentration, pulse pressure, and pulse interval which showed the largest effect on the pressure drop indicated that stable operation can be executed with filtration velocity less than 1.5 m/min and inlet dust concentration less than 4 g/m3. However, it was regarded that pulse pressure and pulse interval need to be adjusted when inlet dust concentration is higher than 4 g/m3. When filtration velocity and pulse pressure were examined, operation was possible regardless of changes in pulse pressure if filtration velocity was at 1.5 m/min. If filtration velocity was increased to 2 m/min. operation would be possible only when pulse pressure was set at higher than 5.8 kgf/cm2. Also, the prediction result of pressure drop with filtration velocity and pulse interval showed that operation with pulse interval less than 50 sec. should be carried out under filtration velocity at 1.5 m/min. While, pulse interval should be set at lower than 11 sec. if filtration velocity was set at 2 m/min. Under the conditions of filtration velocity lower than 1 m/min and high pulse pressure higher than 7 kgf/cm2, though pressure drop would be less, in this case, economic feasibility would be low due to increased in installation and operation cost since scale of dust collection equipment becomes larger and life of filtration bag becomes shortened due to high pulse pressure.

Foundry has an important economic value in the industry. However, the generation of air pollutants like particulate and odor are serious. Due to the unavoidable usage of molding sand, particulate occurs in almost all the processes. That accounts for the majority of respirable dust in the size less than 10 ㎛. As well as particulate, over 22 species of odor-causing gases and VOCs including hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are occurred. Therefore, the development of equipment that can simultaneously remove TVOC and particulate is regarded as an essential research. In this study, the spraying absorbent system was connected with the shear bag filter for the purpose to remove TVOC and particulate simultaneously. Maximization of process efficiency for the affective factors like the powder combination and injection method is conducted. The experiment was performed at the de-molding process of one foundry plant. Through these devices, the removal efficiency of more than 95% for TVOC was achieved with the absorbent that composed by 800 mesh Activated carbon (80%) and 300 mesh zeolite (20%). Also, the durability and economic evaluation were assessed. In the result of Durability assessment, the available recovery to maintain the deodorizing effect at 90% was counted to 350 degree.

This study was carried out to develop pilot plant Net3FM(Net Fit Fiber Filter Module) system and to suggest optimum operating condition for municipal wastewater reuse. SS concentration of biologically treated sewage effluent was reduced from 1.5~5.4mg/L to 0.4~1.0mg/L without coagulant injection in Net3FM system, and the SS removal efficiency was average 84.7%. And also, the removal efficiencies of COD and T-P were decreased slightly due to the SS removal by filtration. Coagulation-Filtration test was conducted to enhance the removal efficiencies of SS and T-P. The optimum dosage of coagulant was injected automatically by auto-controlling system, which is controlled by detecting value of turbidity of secondary sewage effluent. SS, COD and T-P concentrations in filtrated effluent were 0.21~0.57, 1.6~6.2 and 0.137~0.392mg/L with coagulant injection by in-line mixer in Net3FM system, respectively. The removal efficiencies of SS and T-P were highly increased to 92.8% and 89.8%, respectively. It was due to the combined the processes of coagulation and filtration. Net3FM system was evaluated that the removal efficiency of pollutants in secondary sewage effluent and the utilization potential as reclaimed water technology were very high.