It is very important to evaluate how the functions of products, facilities, and spaces affect human life. The evaluation of these actions has legal regulations such as certification, inspection, and diagnosis, and the degree of quality, safety, and excellence of the results is announced. This study sought to secure safety through efficient system operation by reviewing safety-related certification systems established and implemented by each government department in Korea and analyzing the characteristics of each system and similarities between systems. There was also an aspect of cross-checking safety through the certification and diagnosis system implemented by each ministry, but it was confirmed that the efficiency of the system should also be considered in terms of overlapping application. Therefore, when securing safety is confirmed based on each safety-related law, active alternatives such as exemption, substitution, delegation, etc. should be presented.

This study examines the effect of cosmetic certification marks on consumer behavior. The underlying objectives of this study are threefold. First, it explores whether the certification mark inserted into the cosmetic package—such as marks denoting quality assurances, ethical practices (specifically, pertaining to animal testing), and recycling packaging—affects consumer responses. Second, it investigates whether a higher number of certification marks leads to heightened positive consumer responses. Third, it analyzes the potential moderating effect of consumers’ certification mark knowledge on the relationship between certification marks and consumer responses. In the pretest, certification marks with higher recognition were selected as stimuli, and a survey involving a total of 550 male and female consumers was conducted. The collected data were analyzed through ANOVA and post-hoc tests. The findings of this study confirm a significant difference in consumer responses to products based on the certification marks inserted in the cosmetic packaging. Compared to clusters without a certification mark, groups with two or more certifications (recycling certification + ethics certification, recycling certification + quality certification, recycling certification + ethics certification + quality certification) exhibit significant consumer responses. Second, more certification marks did not result in an increase in positive consumer responses. Third, a moderating effect of consumers’ cosmetic certification knowledge on the certification mark-consumer response relationship was not found. The findings of this study have implications for developing product promotion strategies that leverage cosmetic certification marks as a marketing tool.

Paddy fields provide important habitats for biodiversity conservation within the agricultural ecosystem. Their importance is gradually increasing as their ecological value is better understood. Benthic macroinvertebrates dominate paddy fields. They play an essential role in maintaining the biodiversity of paddy ecosystems. This study aimed to analyze characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrate communities and main environmental factors affecting the distribution of golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata). Results showed that the diversity index (H ′) of the benthic macroinvertebrate community was the highest at the Sangju site (St. 12) but the lowest at the Sancheong site (St. 18). Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), salinity, and Electrical Conductivity (EC) values were the highest in Gimhae and Yeongam based on Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Numbers of P. canaliculata (m-2) were relatively low in Gunsan and Iksan where water temperatures were high. Therefore, changes in geographical characteristics and environmental factors might affect the distribution of P. canaliculata and characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Results of this study can be used as primary data for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem service evaluation in agroecosystems.

This study aimed to verify the validity of the evaluation items and weight determination of the indoor environmental safety area, which has the most frequent accidents, among the safety certification evaluations of educational facilities by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea, which has been conducted since May 2021. As a preceding study, the evaluation items of the school safety evaluation checklist being implemented in the US state of Vermont were compared, and the causes of accidents judged by teachers in the accident experiences written by 200 Korean teachers were compared with the safety certification evaluation items belonged to the Ministry of Education. In addition, research literature using the AHP analysis technique on safety risks of elementary and secondary schools in China and safety evaluation index study cases of 539 elementary school children in Indonesia were analyzed. Through these preceding studies, measures to add and adjust evaluation items were derived and the validity and importance rankings of evaluation items were calculated through AHP questionnaires to teachers and safety experts. In addition, a survey was conducted on 104 ordinary people to verify the results of expert analysis. As a result of expert AHP analysis, 'safety education and disaster response training (.396)' was the highest priority for the relative importance of the first layer, followed by 'safety measures (.387)' and 'building materials'. Safety (.216)' was found to be the highest priority. In the overall importance ranking of the 13 second-tier screening items, safety accident prevention education had the highest priority and disaster preparedness training ranked second, proving that the Ministry of Education's review weight was underestimated. In addition, slip and collision accident countermeasures, which were not in the existing Ministry of Education review items, ranked 4th, laboratory practice room safety measures ranked 6th, and sanitation, cleanliness, hazardous substance management, and cafeteria/cooking room safety measures ranked 9th, indicating a significant level of importance. Referring to the importance ranking, which is the result of this study, it is suggested that it is necessary to review the weight of each review item again.

본 연구는 농식품 소비자패널을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 소비자의 소비성향에 따른 저탄소인증농산물의 소비행태를 살펴본다. 소비자의 소비성향을 윤리적 소비성향과 합리적 소비성향으로 구분하여 집단을 구성하였고, 집단 간 소비행태 차이를 분석하였다. 윤리적 소비성향 집단과 합리적 소비성향 집단 간에 저탄소 농산물 인증제의 인지도, 탄소발생 감소를 위한 노력, 탄소중립 개념 인지도 및 저탄소인증농산물에 대한 구매의도 는 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 저탄소인증농산물의 소비활성화를 위해서 합리적 소비성향을 가진 소비자들의 저탄소인증농산물 구매를 유도할 수 있는 방안을 마련할 필요가 있다.

To improve the safety of tap water, a study was conducted on the introduction of sanitation safety certification system for water treatment plants(WTPs). In order to produce and supply safe tap, the inflow of pollutants should be blocked as much as possible during the tap water production process, and contaminated materials should be removed or inactivated to a safe level in the WTPs. In order to block the inflow of pollutants in WTPs, it is necessary to strengthen the sanitation management such as installation of facilities for preventing inflow and habitat of larvae, and to remove or inactivate pollutants in the tap water production process, strengthening the safety management such as enhanced turbidity management is needed. Sanitation and safety management in the WTPs can be significantly improved by introducing certification system of WTPs. This will induce continuous improvement in water purification plants with insufficient sanitation and safety management, and provide incentives for WTPs with good sanitation and safety management. In addition, when the WTPs sanitation and safety certification system is established, it is desirable to expand the proposed system from WTPs to the entire process of tap water production and supply.

This study examined the certification effects of safety and health management system (SHMS) on the establishment level of SHMS and accident statistics in construction industry. This study obtained the establishment level of SHMS for 106 construction companies surveyed from our previous study. In addition, three major accident statistics (mortality rate, accidental mortality rate, and injury rate) for the companies were collected from the database in Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency. The statistical analysis results revealed that the establishment level for SHMS certified companies was significantly higher than those for uncertified or certification preparing companies. Furthermore, SHMS certified companies showed significantly smaller accident statistics compared to uncertified or certification preparing companies. The results of this study support the positive effects of SHMS on reducing major industrial accidents in construction companies.

In this paper, a simulation computerized crash analysis evaluation method through reverse engineering was applied to the Defender vehicle to systemize and simplify the certification of small-scale electric vehicles. The Defender vehicle was selected as a benchmarking vehicle that converts into an electric vehicle, and the layout of the frame and element analysis of individual parts were conducted through reverse engineering. To review the vehicle package layout, the fastening and assembly method for each part was analyzed referring to the Defender maintenance guide and parts list, and it was used for frame element technology analysis. In addition, collisions according to the main frame material and the shape of the crash box were analyzed, and various cases were analyzed through parameter study. As a result of the crash analysis, it was found that the mild steel main frame could not guarantee the safety of the vehicle in a fixed wall collision situation, and the ATOS material would increase the collision safety of the Defender relatively. Through the crash analysis according to the shape of the crash box, it was found that the strength of the crash box is too high compared to the main body, and this should be reflected in the design for small-volume production of multiple products.

본 연구에서는 비건 인증(Vegan) 화장품 원료 7종 혼합추출물의 항산화능 및 미백효과를 확인 하였다. 라디컬 소거능으로서 DPPH, ABTS, FRAP 실험, 항산화 물질 측정으로서 폴리페놀과 플라보노이 드 함량 측정을 실시하였다. DPPH 실험에서는 105.74 mg ascorbic acid / g의 항산화능을 나타내었으며, ABTS 실험에서는 85.31 mg ascorbic acid / g의 항산화능을 나타내었다. FRAP에서는 7종 혼합추출물의 1 mg이 ascorbic acid 198.01±5.50 μg의 환원력을 보였다. 폴리페놀 함량은 30.19±0.75 mg/g으로 나타 났으며, 플라보노이드 함량은 9.12±0.36 mg/g으로 나타났다. 한편 세포실험에서는 세포 독성과 미백활성 을 알아보았다. 세포독성의 경우 20% 이하의 세포 독성을 보였으며, 100 μg/mL 농도에서 34.70±2.97% 의 멜라닌 생성 억제능을 보여 7종 혼합추출물의 기능성 화장품 원료로서의 가능성을 확인하였다.

This paper intends to consider the contents of the insufficient certification system of PAV and to propose the certification regulations. In other words, PAV is a combination of people and drones that should reflect commercial specifications among aviation certification specifications and civil aircraft regulations. However, the domestic PAV certification system is still lacking in clear detailed regulations, and the detailed certification system of PAV should be established as soon as possible. It is hoped that PAV certification system will be established first and applied in earnest in the future, and that the domestic PAV industry will be activated.

In this paper, it is suggested to the certification conditions for the vertically landing site installation regulations and the application of sandwich panels at landing sites with optical measuring skills. This method was presented as a way of supporting aircraft to make safe landings, and was presented with regulations for landing sites that have not yet been determined. In order to develop technologies such as ground systems and personal aircraft of urban air transportation, which are expected to be the core of the future aviation sector, certification regulations to secure stability will be established soon.

내시경역행담췌관조영술(ERCP)은 내시경 시술 중 가장 높은 난이도를 요구하며, 시술과 관련된 합병증은 상대적으로 높고 치명적이다. ERCP는 일반내시경과 비교하여 훨씬 높은 기술적 난이도의 체득이 요구되며, 이를 위해서는 훨씬 많은 수련 교육 기간 및 집중도가 필요하다. 따라서 환자의 안전과 의료 서비스의 질을 높이기 위해서는 객관적이고 체계적인 교육과 검사를 통해 자격을 인증하는 시스템이 필요하다. 본고는 췌장담도내시경 인증의 제도 시행을 위해 정책질관리위원회- 교육위원회 위원들로 구성된 태스크 포스 팀에서 개발한 세부 규정에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.