The large-sized, complex, and multi-storied construction industry caused the increasing construction amount together with insufficient skilled workers to increase the probability of occurring accident , resulting in the most construction accidents next to manufacturing industry. Death accidents have risen to serious level, compared construction industry with manufacturing industry along the numbers of workers. Due to the main feature of one-time industry receiving orders, open-air dispersed production activity and the long-complex production process, the continuous efforts to prevent and manage safety accidents were made but the results were of no effect. They didn't deeply analyze the falling accidents that consist of half death accidents in construction industry. This study has classified in detail Missteps, Slip, Trip, Unstability and the others on the basis of gait characteristics, occurrence types, frequency and intensity of death accidents. This study suggested the effective methods on the construction safety management according to the causes of falling accidents. This study will be expect to be used as the basic data in the procedure and the program of safety management.

During five years (Year 2009~2013), Total victims of 72 %( 81,560 people) and those 50.6 %( 1,258 people) of death accident occurs in small scale construction site which operate 2 million USD less construction budget. Especially, falling death accident account for 785 people, in the share of 33.2 %( 261 people) death disaster takes due to defect of original cause materials. The major safety issues in small scale work place take place while scaffold installation, disassembling, work-plate improper installation or non-professional skills of workers. Furthermore, labor subcontract systems make small construction site shortage of resources. Those workers regard work-plate as unnecessary and consumables supplies. Because of that most of workers use unsafe workplace in most construction site. Therefore, in order to prevent falling accident occurring in small scale work site, government should organize related regulations such as “Work site safety construction method” and then expands education support, financial aid, and sourcing safety supplies for work plate which offer broad variety experiences. Also, introduce certificate solutions for various work plates to improve safety function such as anchoring type method and anti sliding function.

쌍별귀뚜라미의 먹이 섭식량, 부화기간, 성충사망률, 사육밀도 및 성비에 따른 부화 약충수와 산란경향을 실내 사육실(25±5℃, 60±10%RH)에서 조사하였다. 사 육중인 성충의 사육밀도가 50~400개체로 증가할 때 사육밀도에 관계없이 하루에 0.067±0.008g의 사료를 섭식하였고 무는 0.128~0.068g을 섭식하여 밀도가 증가 할수록 감소하였다. 산란된 알은 부화시작 후 6일차까지 95.8%가 부화하였다. 평 균 사망률은 사육일수가 증가함에 따라 일차함수로 증가하여 8주차에 93.9%가 사 망하였다. 암컷 100개체의 사육밀도일 때 암컷 한 개체당 총 부화 약충수는 248.8 ± 17.8 (mean ± SD) 개체로 200개체일 때의 172.2 ± 10.6 (mean ± SD)개체보다 많았 다. 암컷과 수컷의 성비는 부화약충수에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. 산 란 시작 후 일차별로 산란수의 증감이 반복되는 경향을 보였으며 3주차까지 총 산 란수의 81.5%를 산란하였다.

Proportion of falling from height accident at construction work accounts for more than 40%, and the number of injuries is getting increased. So without considering falling from height, we can say that it's hard to achieve our goal(accident prevention). Another critical point that we have to think about theses days is the fact that construction workers are getting older. To be specific, the number of workers who are above 50 years old accounts for 65.6% among the fatalities(2007~2011, KOSHA inspection). Accordingly, to effectively prevent construction accedents, especially falls from height, we need to focus on motion analysis of older construction workers and then make suitable measures for growing accident rates at construction work.

We gathered exposure data on indoor air pollution, and investigated the dose-response slope factor for indoor air pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds, aldehydes and radon. Population cancer risks (that is the theoretical cancer deaths) were estimated from exposure to the pollutants. In addition, the damage costs, due to their risks, were estimated using WTP (willingness to pay) and VSL (value of a statistical life), which were investigated by a dichotomous contingent valuation method (DCVM). As a priority for human health risks and damage costs, management strategies are required for both radon and formaldehyde as indoor air pollutants. When the numeric results of human risks and damage costs are applied for other purposes, some assumptions and uncertainties have to be considered to use the results as useful screening tools for the administration of practical risk-based priorities.

참게(E. sinensis)의 유생 생장에 미치는 기초적인 환경 및 생물학적 정보를 얻기 위해 본 실험을 실시하였다. 참게 유생을 카드뮴과 수은의 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ppm농도에 처리하였다. 참게의 생존율과 카드뮴과 수은의 중금속 농도와 양의 상관을 나타내었다. 그런데 96시간 사육시 카드뮴과 수은의 반수치사농도는 유생 단계간 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 반수치사농도는 카드뮴이 수은보다 높았으므로 수은이 더 치명적이였다. 중금속의 축적은 카드뮴과 수

담배나방(Heliocoverpa assulta)와 파밤나방(Spodoptera exigua)유충에 대한 유기인계 살충제인 다이아지논과 담배의 산물인 니코틴의 영향을 조사하기 위하여 본 실험을 시행하였다. 다이아지논이 처리된 담배나방유충의 사망률은 파밤나방유충의 경우보다 훨씬 높았으며 니코틴 처리구에서는 이와 반대양상을 나타내었다. 담배나방유충 중장의 cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases (MFO) 활성은 다이아지논 처리구에 비해서 니코틴 처리구에서 더욱 높게 나타났다. 담배나방유충을 기주식물인 담배잎으로 사육하였을 때 다른 화합물과는 달리 대부분의 니코틴은 변화 없이 배설되었다.

Asthma deaths in Seoul peaked on the third, fifth, and second days after the PM concentration exceeded the daily average concentration standard. We classified the synoptic meteorological conditions, based on the days involving such cases, into three categories. Type 1 included the meteorological condition likely to cause high air pollution concentrations in the leeward region, the dominant wind direction of which is the northwest. Type 2 included the meteorological condition likely to cause high air pollution concentrations due to the weak wind velocity under stable atmospheric conditions. Type 3 was when the passage low atmospheric pressure and the expansion of high atmospheric pressure occurred at the rear, indicating a meteorological condition likely to cause high air pollution, in certain regions. Type 1 occurred 11 times, with high concentrations of over 100㎍/m³ being observed in the southeastern part of Seoul. Type 2 occurred 24 times, often accompanied by a PM concentration of 100~400 ㎍/m³. Type 3 occurred 11 times, and was accompanied by several days of yellow dust that accounted for the highest concentrations.

Extreme temperature has direct and indirect effects on Human Health, and usually influences negatively. This study analyzes the correlation between extreme temperature and excess mortality caused by cardiovascular disease in Seoul. Excess mortality correlates with daily maximum temperature, especially daily excess fatality over two standard deviations, has a strong positive correlation. On the other hand, daily minimum temperature is not significantly related with excess death. Recently, significance of the correlation coefficient of high temperature in August decreases because of the heat wave preparation.

This study aims to suggest the available additional education courses that can be combined with the existing functional education, which is mainly for the enhancement of safety consciousness, along with a model for the way of management. To achieve the purpose of the study, the construction death accidents for the recent five years were analyzed about their patterns and the scales of the accident sites to infer the main subjects and the direction of hands-on education courses. Based on the analysis results, the recombination and management plans for the construction safety hands-on education courses and the additionally required education courses were proposed.

The production of highly concentrated PM10 is in the spotlight as a social issue, and it increases the attack rate of Asthma. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of concentration and distribution for PM10 from 2000 to 2011, and investigate its correlation with the death from Asthma. Furthermore, this study was designed to analyze it by dividing into two cases like including Asian dust and excluding Asian dust because it presented the high concentration when Asian dust was occurred in the spring. This study has found that the annual average concentration distribution of PM10 in Seoul was higher in the central area than the peripheral area. The annual average concentration of PM10 and death from asthma displayed the tendency to gradually decrease. The correlation coefficient for all period was 0.92(p=0.000), and the correlation was 0.84(p=0.001) in case of remove Asian dust. The monthly average concentration of PM10 has increased in the winter and decreased in the summer. The death from Asthma and correlation coefficient for all period was 0.588(p=0.044) and 0.640(p=0.025) in case of removing Asian dust. Although the causes of Asthma had a great diversity, the similar tendency by a factor of PM10 meant that the correlation was high.

본 연구에서는 우리나라 시군구 단위 사망률 데이터를 이용하여 폭염과 혹한으로 인한 사망률을 분석하고 공간적 분포패턴을 분석한다. 그리고 시군구의 교육수준, 주택가격 등 사회경제적 수준을 나타내주는 지표와 폭염과 혹한으로 인한 사망률을 비교분석 하여 둘간의 상관관계 존재여부를 파악한다. 이를 통해 폭서와 혹한이 사회적 취약계층에 더 강한 영향을 미치는지 분석한다.

본 연구에서는 여름철 고온현상의 지속기간이 길고 극심했던 1994년과 고온현상 발생일수가 가장 작았던 1993년을 비교하여 서울시의 여름철 고온현상이 사망자 증가에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 여름철 고온현상이 극심했던 1994년 7월의 경우 일별 최고기온과 일별 사망자수 간의 변화 경향이 유사하게 나타났다. 최고기온의 최대값이 나타난 다음날 사망자수의 최대값이 나타났다. 여름철 고온현상이 극심했던 1994년의 경우 일 최고기온과 일별 사망자수 간에 r=0.548의 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었으나 고온현상 발생일수가 작았던 1993년의 경우 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 고온현상이 지속되는 동안 사망자의 사망원인을 분석한 결과 내분비ㆍ영양 및 대사 질환으로 인한 사망자수가 43.0%, 순환기계통의 질환으로 인한 사망자수가 30.5%, 호흡기계통 질환으로 인한 사망자수가 43.8% 증가하였다. 여름철 고온현상이 극심했던 1994년은 그 전해에 비하여 65세 이상의 노년층이 다른 연령층에 비하여, 또한 여성이 남성에 비하여 고온에 취약한 것으로 나타났다.

To identify possible associations with concentrations of ambient air pollutants and daily mortality in Busan, this study assessed the effects of air pollution for the time period 1999-2000. Poisson regression analysis by Generalized Additive Model were conducted considering trend, season, meteorology, and day-of-the-week as confounders in a nonparametric approach. Busan had a 10% increase in mortality in persons aged 65 and older(95% CI : 1.01-1.10) in association with IQR in NO2(lagged 2 days). An increase of NO2(lagged 2days) was associated with a 4% increase in respiratory mortality(CI : 1.02-1.11) and CO(lagged 1 day) showed a 3% increase(CI : 1.00-1.07).