본 연구에서는 비행청소년들의 비행촉발요인을 실증적 조사 자료를 통해 구체적으로 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2011년 상반기에 전북지역 J시의 2개 경찰서와 충남지역 D광역시의 1개 경찰서에서 범죄심리사들에 의해 조사와 심리검사를 포함한 면담을 받은 비행청소년 102명에 관한 자료를 분석하였다. 이 들을 성별, 비행명별, 재범위험성별로 분류하고, 이들의 비행촉발요인을 가족구조, 가족기능, 학교생활, 가출경험, 비행전력 및 개인적 요인으로 나누어 각 요인의 하위 문항별로 체크된 선택지의 빈도와 백분율을 분석하였다. 이를 토대로 청소년비행에서 어떤 요인들이 다른 요인들에 비해 상대적으로 더 중요성이 있는 것으로 시사되는지를 알아보았다. 그 결과, 각 요인을 대표하는 하위특징으로 부모이혼, 별거 혹은 가출, 가정불화와 가족간 심리적 학대, 불량한 교우관계, 분노조절 곤란과 인생목표 부재 등이 중요 요인으로 시사되었다. 이러한 결과로 부터, 청소년 비행을 예방하거나 수정하기 위해 이러한 요인들의 취약성을 보완 해 줄 대책과 프로그램 개발의 필요성에 대해 논의하였다.

이 연구는 청소년 패널자료를 통한 3,125명의 청소년들의 자원봉사활동 현황과 비행 현황을 살펴보면서 성별에 따른 차이를 보고자 하였다. 청소년의 자원봉사활동에 ‘봉사학습’은 매우 중요한 가치를 갖는다. 청소년의 봉사활동 참여이유는 ‘성적반영’ 때문이라고 대부분 응답하였고, 성별 봉사활동내용은 비슷하지만 여학생의 경우 남학생보다 자선구호활동에 많이 참여하였다. 또한 성별 비행 경험을 조사한 결과 남학생이 여학생보다 비행의 정도가 심하고 많은 비행을 경험하고 있었는데, 주목할 점은 여학생이 남학생보다 술마시기, 무단결석, 원조교제 등의 비행이 높게 나타났다. 청소년의 성별과 자원봉사활동 영역과 청소년 비행항목별 경험의 관계를 살펴본 이유는 비행행동을 줄이기 위해서 어떤 활동이 긍정적인지, 부정적인지 살펴보면서 청소년 프로그램을 담당하는 관리자는 부정적인 영향을 준 원인을 생각해보고자 조사하였다. 청소년의 자원봉사참여 여부와 참여횟수, 참여시간, 참여이유 현황을 통해서 비행과의 관계와 비행에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였으나, 한국청소년패널조사의 데이터를 이용하였기에 변인의 설정 등에서 보다 자유롭게 연구할 수 없는 제한성이 있었고, 결정적으로 시간과 능력의 제약 등으로 청소년에게 있어서 자원봉사활동과 비행이 어떻게 관계되어 청소년들의 건전한 성장에 매개역할을 하게 될 지 구체적으로 연구되지 못한 한계가 있었다.

This study was conducted to identify the factors associated with weight control and nutritional knowledge of juvenile delinquents. The average heights of the subjects in this study were 172.20 cm (male) and 160.89 cm (female), and the average weights were 66.73 kg (male) and 58.42 kg (female), and the BMIs (Body Mass Index; kg/m2) were 22.46 (male) and 22.54 (female). The results of this study revealed that 41.4% of the subjects were over weight or obese. In addition, there were significant differences in the BMI, satisfaction with body image and perception of body image observed between male and female subjects. Furthermore, female subjects were more experienced at weight control than male students (p〈0.001). Additionally, overweight and obese individuals had more experience with weight control than subjects that were not overweight. Moreover, there were significant differences in the reason that subjects took weight control measured between male and female students. Specifically, female subjects practiced weight control due to their appearance (p〈0.001). The order of methods by which male subjects attempted to control their weight was exercise〉diet control〉starvation and for girl student were diet control〉starvation〉excercise. The nutritional knowledge scores were higher for female subjects than for mele subjects. In addition, the nutritional knowledge scores increased as the BMI value increased and the father˚Øs educational level increased. These results of this study could be useful data to plan and develop nutritional education programs for juvenile delinquents.

이 연구는 청소년의 다양한 비행행동을 설명하기 위해 개인적 요인, 가족요인, 학교요인과 지역사회요인을 모두 고려하여 이들의 상대적 중요성을 측정해 보고자 하는 목적으로 진행되었다. 선행연구들은 이들 각각의 영향력을 살펴보는 데 집중을 해왔던 반면 이 요인들을 한 모델안에서 함께 고려하여 상대적 영향력을 알아보려는 시도는 많지 않았다. 이러한 한계점을 보완하기 위해 이 연구는 기존의 범죄원인론 중 자아통제론과 자아존중감이론, 사회유대이론과 사회해체이론, 그리고 일상생활이론 등을 가지고 분석틀을 구성하였다. 선정된 변수는 개인적 수준에서 자아통제력과 자아존중감, 가족적 수준에서 가족의 화합정도와 부부의 갈등정도, 학교상황에서는 학교교육에 대한 불신과 학교생활만족도, 지역사회 수준에서는 유흥업소의 범람과 지역의 무질서, 그리고 지역사회의 비공식적 통제력에 대한 인식을 선정하였다. 종속변수인 청소년비행을 측정하기 위해서는 폭력비행 재산비행 지위비행, 성비행을 측정하였다. 1,122명의 서울시내 중학교와 고등학교 학생들을 대상으로 설문지를 통해 조사를 하였으며, 수집된 데이터는 성별, 교급별로 나누어서 분석되었다. 분석결과 전반적으로 볼 때 model에 포함된 모든 변수들이 어느 정도는 모두 영향력을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났지만, 특히 자아통제와 가족통합정도, 학교에 대한 불신, 지역사회무질서, 유흥업소의 범람이 상대적으로 큰 영향력을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 성별, 교급별 분석결과를 보면 남녀학생모두에게 자아통제력은 비행을 저지하는 힘으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났고, 유흥업소의 수는 남녀학생 모두에게 영향을 주고 있지만 지역무질서는 남학생의 비행에만 영향을 준다는 차이를 보였다. 자아통제력은 중학생보다는 고등학생에게 더 의미있는 요인으로 작용하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 결론에서는 몇가지 정책적 함의와 제언을 제시하였다.

The purposes of this study are to conduct comparative study between juvenile correctional education and alternative education system and to suggest ways to make juvenile correctional education more effectively. The ideology for establishment of juvenile correctional schools and alternative schools is very similar from the point of view that both schools deal with maladjusted students. However, the juvenile correctional schools emphasize more toward vocational training while alternative schools stress human nature recovery. The alternative schools organize classes such as meditation, yoga and mind control diary to develop human nature. In addition, teacher professionalism and more diverse instructional teaching methods need to be developed in juvenile correctional schools. The alternative schools pursue to teach future oriented knowledge instead of simple acquisition of skills, move towards small schools, student-oriented curriculum, and education that can be learned from daily life. To make more effective juvenile correctional education and to incorporate merits of alternative school systems, following improvement schemes are suggested. Firstly, considering that main purpose of juvenile correctional school is to correct delinquent subculture, the juvenile correctional education need to stress more towards curriculum by accommodating mind recovery subjects and activities. Secondly, it is important to motivate students in participating school activities through providing opportunities for voluntary involvement. Thirdly, the juvenile schools need to accommodate mind cultivation program so that students can realize how much they meant to society and to recover their value to society. In addition, to conduct effective education, teachers need to be trained for professional growth, including education reimbursement programs. It is teacher's responsibility to guide maladjusted students by developing their teaching and counseling abilities. Finally, it is necessary to organize evaluation system for curriculum and course organization, by including students and parents.

This study tried to explain the long-term effect of incarceration at the time of youth, and to suggest suitable treatments to prevent recidivism. For the research, a sample of 233 inmates who were within 6 months of release and over 2 years of incarceration were recruited at the 9 prisons. The main findings are the followings: First, inmates who were incarcerated as a youth (as younger they were at that age) had difficulty adapting to their families and the society. It seemed that they needed the constant observation and the support in their adaptation period. Secondly, inmates incarcerated in juveniles had a much higher and a more violent crime rate compared to the inmates incarcerated at the time of adult. Early state juvenile inmates needed an active assistance to prevent recidivism. In third, statistics showed that even though occupation training rate was high, few inmates had certificates among the inmates incarcerated in juveniles. It seems that there should be more motivative programs to make inmates more comfortable in participating in training programs. In forth, since most of the inmates are concerned about their life after their release, it is becoming important that there should be a more efficient program regarding the prevention of recidivism and widening the possibility of past inmates to getting employed.

This study has focused on the limitation of preceded studies about juveniles' repeated delinquency. The preceded studies have not deeply touched on the processed duration between the first and the second delinquency. In particular, this limitation has been a sort of barrier intervening for the delinquent juveniles on the level of social work practice. This study has been designed to examine the process of steeping in the second delinquency, then to find out some methods of social work intervention. For this study, 10 juveniles incarcerated in four reformatories have been interviewed in depth about their lives before arrested because of the second delinquency. The collected data has been analysed on the basis of the Grounded Theory method developed by Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin. The analysed data has been resulted that “the juveniles have been steeped in delinquency trying to adjust socially in difficult circumstance.” The delinquent juveniles have been classified in three types; ‘a resentment type’, ‘an anger type’, and ‘an earnest type’. For resonable rehabilitation of the repeated delinquent juveniles, the following suggestions are available. Firstly, the juveniles have to prepare throughly in reformatory before getting back home. Secondly, the juveniles who are in difficulty personally have to be served enough time in halfway house. Thirdly, some programs must be served to the juveniles to build positive relationships with neighbors including families and friends. Fourthly, continuous programs should be served to the juveniles according to the each types of repeated delinquent juveniles.

The purpose of these study was to find out the effect of sports counselling program for a juvenile delinquent students. So, on the subject of three advises, we studied on detailed fields including mental stability, responsibility, prudence, self-esteem, v

This study is to understand the unique experiences of female juvenile delinquents, through analysis of the characteristics on delinquency and victimization of female juvenile delinquents, and to provide the improvements of the treatment of them. For this purpose, the reseacher analyzed the survey data on juvenile delinquency and victimization from 270 female and 290 male juvenile delinquents. The extent of girls' victimization such as neglect, physical, emotional, and sexual abuse in childhood is much greater than boys'. It is remakable for difference between female and male in physical and sexual abuse. And the times of girls' physical and sexual abuse were also early than boys'. Victimization rates of the female subgroup experienced the prostitution are most great in all juvenile subgroups. This result finding supports that girls' victimization are linked with subsequent delinquent behavior. Especially sexual abused girls were inclined to have more seriousness in a variety of criminal behaviors than the control girls. They were at increased risk for prostitution. But violent offenses seem to be no difference between subgroups. These findings suggest that part of abused girls be getting to escalate to criminal offending. And they had a tendency to have a low self-esteem and physical health problems, and to consider suicide. It is that abused girls develop antisocial or delinquent lifestyles that persist into adulthood as serious criminal careers. There is no single solution to female juvenile delinquency. But, first of all, it is necessary to provide gender-specific programs for abused girls such as specialized trauma treatment. Gender-specific programs must not only consider the risk factors leading girls to delinquency, but also focus on the protective and mitigating factors that foster strengths in adolescent girls. These protective factors include 'gender identity development', 'positive relationships with women adults', 'escalating self-esteem', 'educating about sexuality', etc.

본 연구의 목적은 보호관찰 대상 청소년의 우발적이고 충동적으로 발생되는 문제행동을 감소시키고 대처능력을 향상시켜 사회에 바람직한 적응을 할 수 있도록 해결중심 집단프로그램을 실시하여, 공격성 및 사회재적응력에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 했다. 본 연구의 대상은 서울소재 S보호관찰소 보호관찰 대상 청소년 40명 중 실험집단 20명과 통제집단 20명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 실험집단 대상자에게 6회기 구조화된 해결중심 프로그램을 구성하여, 1주일에 1회, 매회 2시간씩 총 12시간을 실시하였다. 집단개입에 대한 분석은 비교집단 사전사후검사 설계로 이루어졌다. 측정영역은 공격성과 사회재적응력 이었으며, 목표달성의 개념을 적용하여 대상자들의 행동변화 목표가 집단프로그램을 통하여 성취된 효과성을 검증하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 실험집단이 통제집단에 비해 통계적으로 의미 있는 공격성 감소와 사회재적응향상을 나타내어 해결중심 프로그램이 보호관찰 대상 청소년들의 사회적응력향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 평가되었다. 또한, 목표성취에 대한 분석은 대상자들이 설정한 목표를 대부분 성취한 것으로 나타남으로써, 해결중심 프로그램 개입이 참여 동기와 목표성취 동기를 높이며 자신감을 얻게 하는데 효과가 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 위에 나타난 결과들을 종합해보면, 장점을 찾아 칭찬하고 격려하며 이를 강화시켜나가는 해결중심 프로그램은 보호관찰 대상 청소년들에게 내재되어 있던 자신감(competence)을 이끌어 내는 역할을 하였다. 이러한 자신감이 문제행동을 감소시키고 사회적응 능력을 향상시킨 것으로 평가된다.

The purpose of these study was to find out the effect of sports counselling program for a juvenile delinquent students. So, on the subject of three advises, we studied on detailed fields including mental stability, responsibility, prudence, self-esteem, v

The purpose of this study was to examined the relationship of juvenile delinquents' multifactorial self concept and probability of re-offense. The sample of research was consisted of juvenile offenders in juvenile protection facilities and juvenile prison which are located in Seoul, Busan, Gwangju, Cheon. The result from the regressions to the future probability of re-offense with multifactorial self concepts shows that moral-ethical self concept was negaively related with the probability of re-offense in the four type of delinquent behaviors except rape, personality-related self concept was negatively related with the robbery, violent behavior and rape, social self concept was negatively related with the theft but positively related with violent behavior, ability-related self concept was positively related with rape, and family self concept was negatively related with probability of all the type of delinquent behaviors. The result from the regressions with the interaction terms shows that the four interaction terms significantly were related with the probability of re-offense.

The purpose of this study is to examine the treatment of female juvenile delinquents in Korea. Thereby, it attempts to provide several ways of improving female juvenile delinquents treatment. This study reviews existing research on female delinquency and the juvenile justice system's response to female delinquency. Despite growing concern, relatively little is known empirically about female delinquency. A review of the female delinquency literature shows the ambiguities and piecemeal nature of the research. But, we can identify several factors contributing to female delinquency from existing research. Most of the research conclude that female delinquent behavior is related to weak bond to parents, abuse, depression, low self-esteem, etc. Gender-specific programming refers to the program models and services that comprehensively address the special needs of a targeted gender group, such as adolescent girls. In Korea, probation treatment was not specifically designed for delinquent girls. Social service order was not specifically designed for delinquent girls, either. But, several considerations are provided for female offenders. For example, most female offenders work at welfare center. As to the residential community treatment, several desirable aspects are found. For example, residential community treatment fosters familiar, supportive atmosphere. And various culture activities help girls discover their capabilities and enhance self-esteem. As to juvenile training school treatment, personality education is needed . Anyang juvenile training school provides several programs for female juvenile delinquents. For example, various psychotherapy programs are enforced because of the high incidence of abuse, low self-esteem in female juvenile delinquents. And Anyang juvenile training school implements job training programs such as beauty, cosmetology in consideration of gender. Based on reviewing realities of female juvenile delinquents treatment, it suggest several ways for effective treatment.

This Research suggests improvement of current correctional policy on juvenile delinquents. It argues that recent augmentation of crimes committed by younger juveniles and its aggravation is caused by correctional policy based on punitive execution. For the research, 552 correctional officers from youth detention centers and prison for youth in Kyoung-ggi, Dae-jeon, Cheon-an, and Kim-cheon of 1,550 correctional officers from all the correctional facilities for the youth draw up the self-reports. This illustrates us satisfactions on the facilities and its educational or vocational programs offered. It also shows us how correctional community protects released youth from possible repeated offenses. According to the result of self-reports, more than half of participants were satisfied with current correctional facilities, however many participants point out that correctional facilities must be improved to be more mitigate. Even though there are positive views on the intellectual education, academic education and vocational training offered in the current correctional system, lots of them believe it needs to offer more practical education that youth can fit into the community more successfully after release. In addition, many people take interests in new treatment system such as group home, foster homes, day treatment and alternative school program which are community treatments performed in America and Australia. However, it needs to examine carefully though. For the future, when these variety system operates successfully, we can forecast that they will reduce crimes of juvenile delinquents and contribute to prevention of possible repeated offenses.

In this paper, the interactive effects of major factors on juvenile delinquency were examined using multiple regression analysis. Major factors on juvenile delinquency are attachment to the parents, supervision of the parents, school achievement, strain caused by school achievement(achievement strain), strain caused by college(or job) entrance (entrance strain), the degree of contact with delinquent peers(delinquent contact) and the degree of bond with delinquent peers(delinquent bond). Interaction terms were created by multiplying each of the major factors. Juvenile delinquency was measured by three methods; the times of minor delinquency, the times of serious delinquency, and the seriousness measure of the committed delinquent behavior by seriousness scale. Three sets of regressions were then performed. First, minor delinquency measure was regressed on the seven variables of major factors, with and without the twelve interaction terms. Second, serious delinquency measure was regressed on the seven variables of major factors, with and without the twelve interaction terms. Third, seriousness measure was regressed on the seven variables of major factors, with and without the twelve interaction terms. The result from the regressions with the interaction terms shows that the twelve interaction terms significantly increase the amount of explained variance in both serious delinquency and seriousness degree but not in minor delinquency. The amount of explained variance in the serious delinquency is increased from 26.8% to 31.5%, or 17.6%. Explained variance in seriousness of delinquency is increased from 31.2% to 34.0%, or 9.0%. But increasement in minor delinquency is not significant, from 43.9% to 44.3%, only 0.9%. The five terms of twelve interaction terms have a significant effect on the serious delinquency or the seriousness of delinquency; 'attachment × entrance strain', 'attachment × delinquent contact', 'supervision × delinquent contact', 'school achievement × delinquent contact', and 'school achievement × delinquent bond'. Overall, the paper indicates that the addition of the interaction terms substantially improves the prediction of serious delinquency.