목적 : 본 연구는 코로나19 팬데믹 상황에서 근무환경이 작업치료사의 직무 스트레스에 미치는 영향에 대 하여 설문 조사하였다. 감염병 유행이나 재난 상황에서 작업치료사들의 직무 스트레스를 완화하여 효과 적으로 직무를 수행할 수 있도록 대응 방안을 마련하는데 필요한 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 코로나19 팬데믹 상황 중 대면으로 작업치료를 시행하고 있는 작업치료사를 대상으로 설문조 사 하였다. 독립변수는 작업치료사의 일반적 특성 11문항, 근무환경 11문항이고 종속변수는 직무 스트 레스 24문항으로 총 46문항으로 구성된 설문지를 온라인 설문지 링크 공유를 통해 조사하였다. 2022년 9월부터 3개월동안 온라인 설문지가 수집되었으며, 최종 216부를 분석하였다. 수집된 자료는 기술통계 를 실시하고 상관관계 분석을 통해 상관성이 확인된 변수를 대상으로 다중회귀 분석을 실시하여 직무 스트레스에 대한 영향 요인을 확인하였다. 결과 : 상관분석 결과에서 근무기관, 치료대상자, 근골격계 통증의 증가, 부서 내 의사소통의 어려움, 다른 부서와 협업의 어려움, 보호구 장비사용의 어려움, 보호장비 지급 불충분, 감염위험에 대한 부담의 증가 가 유의한 상관 요인으로 나타났다. 다중회귀 분석에서 보호장비 지급 불충분과 감염위험에 대한 부담의 증가가 팬데믹 상황에서 직무 스트레스에 대한 영향 요인으로 확인되었다. 결론 : 연구수행 결과 코로나19 팬데믹 상황에서 개인 보호장비 지급이 부족하고, 감염위험에 대한 부담이 증가되는 것이 작업치료사의 직무 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서, 감염병 대유행 상황에서는 환자를 대면하는 작업치료사에게 개인 보호장비를 충분히 지급하여 감염위험에 대한 부담을 줄일 수 있도록 지원해야 한다.

The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of the nursing work environment, job embeddedness, and job esteem on the retention intention in the millennial generation nurses. The subjects of this study are nurses working in general hospitals with more than 300 beds. Among nurses born in the 1980s and early 2000s, 97 agreed to study. As a result of the study, there was a significant difference in academic background.(F=6.74, p=.002) In terms of final education, those with graduate or higher were higher than those with three-year graduation and four-year graduation Retention intention is the degree of job placement (r=.319, p=.001), job respect (r=.331, p=.001) had a positive relationship with the nursing working environment (r=-.252, p=.013) was negatively correlated. Factors affecting the retention intention is 12.9% explanatory skills as a result of the introduction of job embeddedness, nursing work environment, and job esteem. It is necessary to understand the characteristics of the generation in order to increase the retention intention as a millennial generation nurse.

This study was conducted to determine whether the layout of wheelhouse and work environment of coastal improved stow net fishing boats affect the physical abnormalities of wheelhouse workers through a survey and to use it as basic data to improve the wheelhouse work environment. The analysis results are as follows. The result of factor analysis on the wheelhouse work environment was classified into three factors: suitability of work environment, suitability of work space arrangement, and layout of navigational and fishing equipment. The result of factor analysis on physical abnormalities was divided into two factors: physical pain and fatigue. The results of regression model analysis showing factors affecting physical pain showed that the t-value in the regression model was 3.625 (p < 0.05), indicating that the work environment suitability had an effect on the physical pain. Work environment suitability had a significantly positive effect on the physical pain. As work environment suitability increased by 1, the physical pain increased by 0.371 (p < 0.05). The results of regression model analysis showing the influencing factors on fatigue were found to have a t-value of 3.009 (p < 0.05) in the regression model, indicating that the work environment suitability had a significantly positive effect on the feeling of fatigue. It was found that fatigue increased by 0.324 (p < 0.05) as the work environment suitability increased by 1. In addition, the manageability of task suitability was found to be t = –2.521 (p > 0.05). As the manageability of task suitability increased, the skipper’s fatigue level decreased. From these results, it is inferred that the wheelhouse of the current coastal improved stow net fishing boats causes physical pain and fatigue for the skippers. In order to reduce such physical pain and fatigue, and to improve safe fishing operation and job satisfaction, it is necessary to provide a wheelhouse to fishermen on coastal improved stow net fishing boats in consideration of the characteristics of the wheelhouse work of fishing boats and in consideration of users.

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between bullying, nursing work environment, reality shock and factors of influence on turnover intension. Data were collected from 381 nurses who were under the charge nurse at a hospital with more than 600 beds in Seoul. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS24.0 program. The mean score for turnover intension was 3.61 ± 0.89. The intension of turnover was correlated with bullying in the workplace (r=0.197, ρ=.001), the nursing work environment (r=-.409, p=.001), and reality shock (r=.572, p=.001). Variables affecting turnover intension were the work department(β=-0.018, ρ=.049), working environment(β=-0.424, ρ<.000), and reality shock(β=0.654, ρ<.000). The total amount of explanation for turnover intension was 37.3%. The degree of turnover intension of nurses was affected by work in general wards, the experience of workplace bullying and the nursing work environment. To reduce turnover intension, nursing work needs to be analyzed and efforts are needed to establish an effective communication system.

목적 : 본 연구는 병원 중심 의료기관에 종사하는 작업치료사의 근무환경과 직무만족도, 임파워먼트의 관계를 분석하고, 근무환경과 직무만족도의 관계에서 임파워먼트가 매개하는지에 대한 기초자료를 수립하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 연구기간 및 대상은 11월 10일부터 12월 28일까지 G광역시 병원에 종사하는 작업치료사로, 총 205명이었다. 근무환경, 직무만족도, 임파워먼트의 관련성은 Pearson 상관분석을 실시하였다. 근무환경, 직무만족도, 임파워먼트의 매개효과 검증은 PROCESS macro의 model 4를 적용하여 분석하였다. 간접효과의 유의성 검증은 비모수 재표본(nonparametric resampling)방법으로 알려진 부트스트랩핑(bootstrapping) 을 이용하였다. 결과 : 작업치료사의 근무환경, 임파워먼트, 직무만족도는 모두 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였고, 근무환경은 직무만족도에 직접적인 영향을 주는 동시에 임파워먼트를 통해 간접적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 결론 : 작업치료사는 지시와 전달 체계에서 벗어나 직업적 특수성을 고려한 수평적이고 지지적인 탄력적 관계의 환경 조성과 자율성과 권한이 보장될 수 있는 임파워먼트의 강화가 상호작용할 때 직무만족의 향상을 넘어 수준 높은 의료서비스를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

The purpose of this article is to capture this situation within the changes that take place due to it, inside the Greek society where there is a great need for professional social workers who are able to work targeted and effectively with foreigners, both children and adults, who have or develop mental health problems for the very first time. Over the recent decades the increasing number of migration flows has exerted and continues to exert great pressure on the health system and on the welfare structures of Greece. The bases for the development of a rudimentary reception and integration system that still is in progress have been delayed, while there has been no happy medium, between the enormous pressure that foreigner users of this system put on, and the humanitarian obligation of a well-governed state towards all residents of the country. Straight through everyday clinical practice in the field of intercultural work, social work has the knowledge and techniques for a total management of emerging problems and at the same time provides a value system with an ethical background which approaches refugees and migrants in order to provide quality services, mostly to users of mental health services.

본 연구는 유아교육기관 원장의 소진에 영향을 미치는 직무환경 위험요인을 밝혀 유아교육 기관 운영은 물론 교사와 가정의 영유아 보육(Edu-care)의 역할을 효율적으로 지원할 수 있도록 돕는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 유아교육기관에 재직 중인 원장 244명이었다. 연구를 위하여 김혜경(2011)의 직무환경 위험요소 척도와 Maslach와 Jackson(1986)의 소진척도를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0 version으로 평균과 표준편차, ANOVA 검증 및 Scheffé의 사후검증, 적률상관분석 및 회귀분석(regression analysis)을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 원장의 개인변인 중 채용유형, 학력, 월수입, 교직경력에 따른 직무환경 위험요인의 하위변인 및 전체와 부분적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 직무환경 위험요인 전체와 하위변인 중 도전 기회부족과 역할 모호성은 냉소, 정서고갈, 개인 성취감 감소, 직무소진 전체와 정적인 상관이 있었다. 셋째, 원장이 인지한 직무환경 위험요인 중 업무과다, 도전적 기회부족, 역할 갈등, 업무모호성은 직무소진 전체를 높이는 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구의 결과는 원장의 사회적, 정서적 지원을 통해 효율적으로 원장의 역할을 수행하기 위한 정책적 지원의 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

본 논문에서는 산업안전보건연구원에서 실시한 제 4차 근로환경조사(2014) 원시자료를 활용하여 서비스 종사자들의 고용형태에 따른 근로환경 실태와 근무사기에 관하여 연구하였다. 근로환경 실태는 업무자세, 감정노동, 업무 자율성으 로 구성되어졌으며, 근로사기와 관련된 심리적 차원은 업무에서 느끼는 유능감, 직무만족, 사회적지지, 직무스트레스로 이루어졌다. 아울러 고용형태는 상용직, 임시직, 일용직 근로자를 중심으로 분류하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 상용직 근로자에 비해 임시직과 일용직 근로자들이 좀 더 열악한 환경에서 근무하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러나 상용직 근로자들 의 감성노동에 대한 질적 피로도는 더 높은 것으로 추정되었다 뿐만 아니라 근무환경과 근로사기 간에는 밀접한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 토대로 서비스업 종사자들이 가지는 실태와 문제점에 대해서 알 수 있었으며, 좀 더 나은 서비스가 되기 위해 근로자들의 근로환경과 근무사기를 높일 수 있는 방안들에 대한 모색들이 이루어질 수 있으리라 기대된다.

This study is intended to look into the effects of employee's working environment on work loss and productivity in overseas construction sites of Korean construction companies. To achieve this, a survey was empirically carried out to overseas construction site experts. The results were as follows. The weight by 5 loss factors of overseas construction projects showed that project management environment was the highest, followed by construction company environment, owner environment, government support environment and entry country environment, which the biggest work loss factor was the project management section. The weight by loss factors of entry country environment showed that local environment was highest, followed by social environment, economical environment, political environment and cultural environment. In other words, awareness and management of weak social bases, which are not well-institutionalized as properties of most preferred loss, are important in that local environment of new entry countries is the most important thing. As for the above-mentioned findings, the most important project management of overseas construction projects will need to take advantage and have know-how for construction companies' ability to cope with a crisis or the most preferred management and loss prevention of owner environment, government support environment and entry country environment.

This study carried out and analyzed survey data on captains and mates of Korean coastal large trawlers in order to examine factors affecting body abnormalities and fatigue on bridge teams from work and environment at bridges of trawlers. The summarized result may be summed up as follows: multiple regression analysis with body pain and fatigue as dependent variables yields t-values of –2.559 (p<0.05) and –3.928 (p<0.05) respectively. From the result, environment at bridges (views, spaces and exhaust) were negative factors in affecting bridge workers’ pain and fatigue. Thus, it is determined to secure available spaces to improve the workers’ views through windows in front of, besides and rear bridge and create more pleasant atmospheric environment at bridge.

This study highlights the main effect of job demand, work shift, work environment and stressors on the railway traffic controller's health, and the moderating effect of work0life balance. The result of empirical analysis based on questionnaires received from 328 traffic controllers working at 10 railway operating companies indicates that job demand, work shift, work environment and stressors have significant effect on their health, among which stressors is a major factor. In the respect of moderating effect, WLB showed no significance except for job demand. This result implies that controller's health can not be enhanced through their individual family or leisure life. Therefore, effective countermeasures and policy to mitigate their health problems and heal their symptoms are urgent.

PURPOSES: This study prioritizes potential technology for establishing a safe work zone environment on roadways. We consider almost all conceivable technologies that enable mitigation of unexpected accidents for both road workers and drivers. METHODS: This study suggests a methodology to set the priority of potential technology for establishing a safe work zone environment by using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). For this purpose, the AHP structure was first developed. Thereafter, a web-based survey was conducted to collect experts’opinions. Based on the survey results, weights associated with the relevant criteria of the developed structure were estimated. With the consistency index (CI) and consistency ratio (CR), we verified the estimated weights. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed to confirm whether the estimated weights were reliable. We finally proposed the priority for potential technology for establishing a safe work zone environment on roadways. RESULTS: In the first level, safety technology has the highest priority, and real-time information delivery for work zone, hazard warning for drivers, and temporal automated operation for traffic facilities were selected in the second level of hierarchy. CONCLUSIONS : The results imply that establishing the priority will be useful to establish a future road map for improving the work environment for road workers and drivers by employing appropriate protection facilities and developing safety systems.

The study conducted statistical analysis of survey on the 239 workers participating in national Tower Crane installation/dismantlement in order to identify work environment and health hazard exposure of Tower Crane workers. Consequently for work related safety status of Tower Crane workers, the number of installation/dismantlement work was the highest at 15-20 times per month, and safety equipments were not arranged at work and they felt highly anxious when boarding on the Tower Crane. Furthermore, it is found that they feel anxious working in the influence of the weather, noise, vibration, wind, the sun ray, and structure characteristic. They have very low satisfaction in the insecureness of workplace and the work environment, and recognizes that their work affect highly on the health. 81.6% of workers have experienced accident at work, the cause of accidents were mainly due to poor work environment, and the health abnormality they have experienced were mostly fatigue and concentration reduction. For job stress, job demand and conflict in relationship were the highest sections. Total 66.5% of workers complained of musculoskeletal disorder related subjective symptom, and back pain patients were the highest of all groups.

Employees used computer significantly(IT employee) is increased by technological development in workplace. This study tried to find the magnitude of IT employees and the profile of their working conditions and ill health experiences in South Korea. Korean Working Conditions Survey was used with descriptive and mean difference test in order to find the difference working conditions and ill health status among the groups classified by the degree of using computer during work. Some of working conditions was positively correlated with the density of computer use such as work autonomy, the exposure of repetitive movement of hand and arms. The pain of upper extreme was also more frequently found in the highest user group of computer than lower user groups. This study as heuristic one suggest that some of depth analysis with hypothesis will be done to identify the causes and pathway of impact of computer use.

Recent trends in rail industry can be characterized by the multifunctionality and very high-speed modes of operations. In particular, the adoption of the unmaned or operatorless operations has been getting increased attention in which case ensuring systems safety is crucial. On the other hand, according to the result of analyzing rail accidents, the human/operator errors have turned out to be one of the key causes of the accidents. Therefore, the effort of improving the work environment of locomotive cabs is quite necessary in order to decrease the accidents. The objective of this paper is studying on how to incorporate the factors related to the train operators in the design of the locomotive cabs and also on how to evaluate the design results obtained, which is subsequently reflected in the generation of the test and evaluation procedure. The approach taken is based on systems engineering, yielding the procedure document as a result. The results obtained in the paper can be useful in confirming the design of locomotive cabs utilizing the domestic human/operator measure. Also, the way of achieving the objectives can be utilized to cover the expanded rail systems development with appropriate design activities added.

이 연구는 사회복지사의 근로환경 실태를 파악하기 위하여 서울시 사회복지사협회 정책위원회의 발표자료를 근거로 하여 사회복지사들의 근로형태 및 임금, 근로시간 등의 근로조건과 근로환경, 윤리적 및 종교적 갈등, 클라이언트 폭력, 신체 및 정신적 어려움 등에 초점을 두어 살펴보고, 현재 사회복지 현장에서 시행되고 있는 사회복지사의 처우에 관한 실태조사를 통해 사회복지사들의 사기진작과 서비스의 질적 향상을 위한 방안을 모색해 보고자 하였다. 먼저, 근로조건에 대해서는 전반적으로 보통 수준 이하의 낮은 수준으로 조사되었고, 일․가정 양립을 위한 기관의 인식개선 및 지원책 마련이 필요한 것으로 나타났으며, 종교 편향적, 비윤리적 기관운영에 대한 개선책의 마련이 필요한 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 클라이언트의 폭력과 직장내 폭력으로부터 보호책의 마련이 시급한 것으로 파악되었으며, 전체적으로 사회복지사의 인권수준이 매우 열악한 것으로 조사되었다. 연구 결과 사회복지사의 처우개선을 위한 실질적 대책 마련이 시급하고, 사회복지시설의 보조금 지원방식의 개선과 예산지원의 확대가 필요하다고 사료된다.

Recent technological advances in the domestic railway industry have turned out to deliver a profound impact on the forefront of other industries as well. Furthermore, the introduction of the high-speed railway systems has made it possible to travel around our country in a day, thereby changing our life styles a lot. However, it has been well recognized that many factors can cause unanticipated accidents during the operation. One of the causes is known to be the human errors made by the train operators in locomotive cabs. The problem is getting more serious as the trains run at high speed. As such, the objective of this paper is on how to improve the work environment of the locomotive cabs. Our approach is based on the systems engineering methodology. Specifically, we first identify the context and scope of the problem to be solved. We then continue our effort in deriving the requirements set to accomplish the improvement. These results are utilized in constructing a computer-aided management system for test and evaluation intended for the improvement. The approach taken and the results obtained in this paper is expected to make a contribution on the route to keeping our nation's technologies on the competitive edges in the high-speed railway systems industry.

The work environment of locomotive cabs has long been an important issue in the design of railload systems since it is quite critical in terms of system's operational safety. It is getting more attention as the running speed of the trains goes up these days. To this end, this paper describes how to systematically construct a DB for the requirements set in the course of the improvement process for the aforementioned cab work environment. As a solution approach, we have adopted the requirement architecture concept to cover the whole activities required to do such as in requirements generation, DB construction, change management, and traceability management. Specifically, based on the requirement architecture framework a requirement process to collect requirements for improvement is discussed, and the guide lines are suggested for verification and validation of the developed requirements. In addition, a base schema and requirements templates are developed, which will be used in generating requirements and constructing a DB. Finally, it is demonstrated how the requirements DB for locomotive cabs can be constructed using a computer-aided tool in an integrated fashion.

Modeling the complex system often provide better understanding of the behavior of the system given that parameters for the modeling are appropriate. The honeybee mite, Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman, is one of the most serious pests of honeybees in Korea. Even with vast amount of ecological information of this parasite and its host, Apis mellifera, in the world, limited information is available in Korean environment. This paper provides some basic framework of the varroa mite population dynamics modified from published works in western world to adapt to Korean beekeeping environment. Overall population growth rate was in agreement to those previous published. However the detail behavior was quite different mainly because of splitting honeybee colony during the summer season. Although this framework provide reasonable, logical theoretical linkage to varroa mite population growth, implementation of the results provided from this model is not appreciated mainly because this paper is intended to show the basic framework, not the simulated results. Thus, further incorporation of realistic parameters from honey bee and its parasites in Korean environment would provide better insight of the population behavior and management options. Also, research gaps which need to be filled are further discussed.