Background: Limb amputation causes complex physical, psychological, and social problems, yet evidence on International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF)-based multidisciplinary rehabilitation remains limited. Objectives: To report functional and emotional outcomes of an ICF Rehab- Cycle® program in a woman with bilateral transfemoral and transradial amputations. Design: Single-case report (quasi-experimental). Methods: A physiatrist, nurse, physical therapist, occupational therapist, and social worker used the ICF Assessment Sheet, ICF Categorical Profile, ICF Intervention Table, and ICF Evaluation Display over four weeks to set and review goals. Results: Nine of eleven ICF Rehab-Cycle® program targets were achieved. Marked gains were observed in gait and activities of daily living, accompanied by improved emotional well-being through structured psychosocial support. Conclusion: An ICF-guided multidisciplinary approach significantly enhanced physical function, emotional health, and independence after complex limb amputation, underscoring the value of the framework for patient-centered collaborative rehabilitation.

Sialadenoma papilliferum is a rare benign salivary gland tumor, accounting for approximately 0.4–1.2% of all salivary gland neoplasms. It most commonly occurs in the hard palate, followed by the soft palate, buccal mucosa, upper lip, and, rarely, the esophagus. The condition is typically asymptomatic and is often discovered incidentally during routine oral examinations. We report the case of a 56-year-old man who presented with pain in the left hard palate and was referred to Kyungpook National University Dental Hospital. Enhanced CT revealed a 1.5-cm ovoid lesion in the left paramedian hard palate. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of sialadenoma papilliferum, and based on the radiological findings, surgical excision was performed under general anesthesia. The microscopic histopathological examination of the specimen (size: 1.0 x 0.7 cm) revealed papillary proliferation of stratified squamous epithelium with hyperkeratosis and underlying ductal structures lined by mucin-producing cells with mucinous material in the cystic spaces.

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely utilized as an endodontic irrigant due to its antimicrobial efficacy and tissue-dissolving capabilities. Its mechanisms of action involve hypochlorous acid, chloramines, and the solution’s high alkalinity, which contribute to tissue dissolution through protein degradation and saponification of lipids. While effective for disinfecting root canals, unintended extrusion beyond the apical foramen can cause severe chemical injury. Although cases of NaOCl accidents have been reported, detailed serial clinical documentation of tissue responses following such incidents remains limited in the literature. This case report presents a 66-year-old female who developed acute pain during root canal irrigation of the mandibular left lateral incisor (#32) due to NaOCl extrusion. Initial findings included a mucosal opening suggestive of subepithelial necrosis, followed by bilateral chin ecchymosis and intraoral tissue degradation. Over the following days, signs of liquefactive and fat necrosis emerged, eventually progressing to tissue remodeling with re-epithelialization and fibrotic healing. Cone-beam computed tomography revealed a periapical lesion with buccal bone fenestration, indicating a possible anatomical route for extrusion. The root canal was obturated once soft tissue healing was evident, and by 12 weeks, the affected area had fully recovered with scar-like integration into surrounding mucosa. This case report highlights the importance of identifying anatomical risk factors such as buccal bone fenestration to prevent extrusion and underscores the value of timely, conservative management. Close follow-up is important for monitoring soft tissue changes and guiding appropriate intervention.

췌장 괴사에서 생기는 액체저류는 성숙도에 따라 발생 한 달 이내의 것을 급성 괴사저류라고 하며 일반적으로 기질화가 덜 되고 일관된 구조를 보이지 않으며 진행하여 구역성 췌장 괴사를 형성할 수 있다. 일반적으로 급성 괴사저류는 뚜렷한 급성 괴사성 췌장염 이후 발생하는데 급성 췌장염의 과거력 없이 복통, 체중 감소 등의 췌장암 증상으로 내원하여 진단되는 경우는 매우 드물다. 본 증례에서는 복통, 등 통증, 체중 감소 등으로 내원하여 췌장암 의심 하에 검사하였으나 췌장 두부의 급성 괴사저류로 진단되어 보존적 치료로 회복 후 췌장의 미부에 새로운 감염 급성 괴사저류가 발생하여 다량의 농을 함유한 구역성 괴사로 진행해 중재적 치료를 하였던 드문 증례를 경험하여 보고한다.

이 연구는 간호학과 2학년 학습자(147명)를 대상으로 소논문 형식의 ‘학술 보고서’ 쓰기 수업 운영 사례를 분석한 후 문제점과 개선점을 논의 해 교육 방안 및 방향을 제시한 데 의의가 있다. 우선 전체 수업(82%), 과목 추천(94%), 교수자 첨삭(94%), 교재 개발⋅편찬(82%)에 만족하였으 므로 성공적이다. 그러나 조별 활동(78%), 발표와 토론(74%), 동료 첨삭 (70%)에 비교적 만족하였으므로 수정⋅보완해야 한다. 특히 학습자 100%가 글쓰기⋅발표와 토론에 자신이 없고, 92%가 논증문⋅주장문 쓰 기에 자신이 없다고 하였으므로 디지털 세대의 특성과 4⋅5차 산업혁명 시대적 요구사항을 반영하여 국어과 교육과정을 개선⋅개편을 제안한다. 개선점은 수강 인원을 현행 35-40명 내외에서 20-30명으로 축소해야 하 고, 현행 2학점 2시수를 3학점 3시수로 조정해야 한다. 또한 현행 교양 선택 과목에서 교양 필수과목으로 지정해야 하고, 비교과 글쓰기 기초반 및 글쓰기 교정 센터를 개설⋅운영해야 한다.

본 사례 보고는 소아 뇌 자기공명영상(MRI) 검사에서 협조가 원활하지 않아 움직임에 의한 인공물이 발생하고, 이로 인해 시간차 자기공명혈관촬영(TOF MRA) 영상의 획득이 어려운 상황에서, 삼차원 구조화 자기공명영상(3D MPRAGE)을 수평면(axial) 방향으로 획득한 후 최대강도투사(MIP) 기법을 적용하여 혈관 형태를 성공적으로 시각 화한 사례를 소개하고, 그 임상적 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 영상 획득 시, TOF MRA는 약 7분, 3D MPRAGE는 약 4~5분의 검사 시간이 소요되었으며, 3D MPRAGE는 짧은 촬영 시간과 인코딩 방향 변경으로 인한 움직임 감소 효과를 보였다. 수평면 3D MPRAGE 영상은 주요 뇌혈관을 효과적으로 시각화하였고, 진단 해상도 면에서도 TOF 영상과 비교해 손색이 없었다. 본 사례 보고는 특히 협조가 어려운 1세에서 7세 사이의 소아 환자에서 3D MPRAGE 기반 MIP 영상이 TOF 영상의 효과적인 대안이 될 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한 혈류 흐름 방향에 맞추어 MPRAGE의 획득 단면을 조정하고 수평면 영상에 MIP 기법을 적용함으로써 뇌혈관 구조 시각화를 최적화할 수 있었다. 비록 미세혈관 표현에는 TOF 영상 대비 한계가 있었으나, 주요 대혈관 영상은 충분한 진단 정보를 제공하였다. TOF 영상 이 혈관에 특화된 반면, 3D MPRAGE는 뇌 실질 영상과 함께 뇌혈관 형태 영상까지 제공할 수 있어, 진정이 필요한 소아 환자에게 보다 유리한 대안이 될 수 있다. 이러한 접근은 검사 시간을 단축시키고, 뇌혈관 질환과 관련된 부가 적인 임상 정보를 함께 제공함으로써 영상의 진단적 가치를 향상시킬 것으로 기대된다.

Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a rare gingival lesion predominantly affecting individuals aged <20 years. Although it has a distinct clinical presentation, its underlying pathogenesis remains poorly understood and standardized treatment guidelines are yet to be established. Surgical excision is the most common treatment; however, concerns regarding recurrence, aesthetic impact, and patient cooperation, particularly in pediatric cases, highlight the need for alternative approaches. Although spontaneous regression of LJSGH has been suggested, well-documented cases are rare. This report presents a case of LJSGH demonstrating spontaneous resolution without surgical intervention. A lesion on the mandibular anterior facial gingiva fully resolved over a 32-month period, further supporting the potential for natural resolution, and emphasizing the need for a conservative management approach.

A 48-year-old woman visited the oral and maxillofacial surgery department complaining of swelling under the left mandible. The patient said that the size of the small lump had not changed much since it was first discovered, but it seemed to have grown slightly recently after 5 years. She visited another hospital 1 week ago and had a CT scan, but no specific findings were found. A firm and mobile mass was palpated in the submandibular gland area during clinical examination. Ultrasound imaging and contrast-enhanced CT were performed, and the patient was diagnosed with pleomorphic adenoma. Submandibular gland resection was performed, and the mass was confirmed as pleomorphic adenoma by histopathological examination. There has been no recurrence to date, 8 years later. In this study, we will examine the diagnostic process of a rare submandibular gland pleomorphic adenoma and review the literature.

Intraductal papilloma is a rare benign epithelial neoplasm of the salivary duct system, characterized by papillary proliferation of ductal epithelium into a cystic lumen. It predominantly occurs in minor salivary glands, particularly in the lips and buccal mucosa, and is rarely found in the mandibular region. We report a case of intraductal papilloma in the left retromolar trigone of a 46-year-old woman. Clinically, the lesion presented as a painless, well-circumscribed bluish submucosal mass. Radiographic findings were nonspecific, and a provisional diagnosis of hemangioma was made. The lesion was surgically excised under general anesthesia. Histopathological examination revealed a cystic cavity lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelial cells with intraluminal papillary projections, consistent with intraductal papilloma. Scattered mucous-producing cells were also noted. No evidence of recurrence was noted at the 24-month follow-up. This case highlights the importance of histopathological confirmation in diagnosing intraoral submucosal lesions.

담관 협착 및 확장은 그 원인을 정확히 알기 어려운 경우가 많다. 호산구성 담관염은 담관 협착 및 확장을 일으킬 수 있는 양성 질환으로, 발생빈도는 드문 것으로 알려져 있다. 조직병리학, 방사선 사진, 내시경 및 혈액학적 소견을 종합하여 진단할 수 있으며, 스테로이드 투여를 통해 호전을 기대할 수 있다. 드물지만 담관 협착 및 확장의 감별진단 시 고려해야 하는 질환으로, 이 증례를 통해 호산구성 담관염을 알아보고자 한다.

Ectopic ureter refers to a congenital anomaly in which one or both ureters do not connect to the urinary bladder at the correct anatomical site. This case report discusses the case of a 6-year-old female mixed-breed dog diagnosed with chronic urinary incontinence, systemic hypertension, pancreatitis, and sepsis resulting from an ectopic ureter. Treatment involved an initial nephro-ureterectomy to address severe pyonephrosis, followed by ureteroneocystostomy for the remaining functional kidney. Post-surgical outcomes showed notable improvements in clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and blood pressure. This report emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment in cases of ectopic ureter. Additionally, it aims to present the clinical symptoms and conditions resulting from prolonged disease progression, as well as the corresponding treatment methods and prognosis.

Acneiform eruptions are skin diseases that mimic acne vulgaris but lacking typical follicular blockage features. Acne vulgaris and some granulomatous variants of acneiform eruptions can involve Cutibacterium acnes, an anaerobic opportunistic bacterium; however, some cases remain resistant to standard antibiotics treatments. We report a 56-year-old male with facial acneiform granulomas unresponsive to long-term antibiotic and steroid treatments. The patient had no history of additional medications or other diseases, except symptomatic apical periodontitis in a molar toot. Both facial skin and dental lesions shared a key finding, intracellular infection of C. acnes within macrophages, despite differing histopathological features. The facial acneiform eruptions did not respond to initial minocycline treatment. However, following extraction of the infected tooth, the facial granuloma responded to the antibiotics and resolved without complications. PCR analysis confirmed C. acnes DNA in both the dental and skin biopsies. This case indicates the C. acnes-associated oral-skin-microbiome axis although a direct causal link between the distinct lesions could not be fully established. Odontogenic infection may act as reservoirs, impairing efficacy of antibiotic treatment. We recommend dental evaluation for case of facial acneiform granulomas that do not respond to antibiotics alone.

A 34-year-old male patient presented with a gradual facial asymmetry and occasional discomfort in the right temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Initial evaluation, including panoramic radiography, suggested facial asymmetry secondary to condylar elongation. However, computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the existence of a condylar mass and multiple calcified lesions within the right TMJ. The patient did not recognize any occlusal changes, but it was suspected that the occlusion had changed based on the cast analysis. The patient underwent a condylectomy and mass excision, which confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma with concurrent synovial chondromatosis. Approximately three weeks of postoperative physical therapy were required to achieve stable occlusion. This case is notable for two reasons. First, the simultaneous occurrence of osteochondroma and synovial chondromatosis is extremely rare. Second, the gradual occlusal changes associated with TMJ lesions can go undetected, increasing the chance of misdiagnosis.

Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is an exceedingly rare gingival disease. Most LJSGH occur in children, predominantly on the labial gingiva of the maxilla, and exhibit clinical manifestations similar to pyogenic granuloma or puberty gingivitis. This report presents a case of LJSGH. A 15-year-old male referred for evaluation of red lesions on the labial gingiva of the maxillary anterior teeth. Clinical examination revealed redness and swelling of the labial marginal gingiva, with no associated pain. After an incisional biopsy, the lesion was histopathologically diagnosed as LJSGH. We present this case to suggest that LJSGH should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with painless gingival redness and swelling. We also report that we have obtained satisfactory aesthetic results by applying CO2 laser to LJSGH.

Paradental cysts characteristically develop adjacent to the cervical margin on the lateral aspect of a tooth root and result from inflammatory processes within the periodontal pocket. Standard management usually involves cyst enucleation while striving to retain the affected tooth. Recurrence rates are infrequent following complete removal of the lesion. However, intentional replantation becomes necessary in cases with anatomical constraints or accessibility issues. We present the case of a 13-year-old female patient exhibiting delayed eruption of the mandibular left second molar, attributed to a cystic lesion located on the lingual-coronal aspect of the tooth.

Parotid gland ancient schwannoma is an extremely rare entity, with only 6 cases reported to date. Ancient schwannoma present degenerative alteration, including cystic changes, hyalinizing stroma, hemorrhages, infiltration of macrophages, and cellular atypia with hyperchromatic nuclei. These factors have the potential to mimic malignant tumors, resulting in an overestimation of diagnosis and subsequent inappropriate management. In the present case, we report a case of parotid gland ancient schwannoma, which developed relatively fast degenerative alteration without a large-sized mass. We reviewed all the cases of parotid ancient schwannoma, and suggest that the character of parotid gland tissue can deceive the change of tumor growth size. We also suspect that pre-surgical manipulation, such as FNAB or CNB, can cause degenerative changes in a relative short period. It is important to consider reactive degenerative alteration of schwannoma, and not to misinterpret as a malignant entities, notably when needle biopsy history is present.

The purpose of this study was to introduce and evaluate a nursing ethics seminar course designed for senior nursing students at a university to address the ethical challenges they faced during clinical practice. The course was offered as an elective and 22 students who had completed various clinical practicums over four semesters participated. The participants led discussions on ethical issues they encountered during their clinical practice. To evaluate the effectiveness of the course, an open-ended survey was conducted at the end of the course. The findings were categorized into three main themes: Individual Growth, Collaborative Opportunities, Suggestions for Improvement. The first category is comprised of ‘Experienced emotional acceptance and relaxation’, ‘Felt comforted and encouraged’, ‘Gained clarity’, and ‘Experienced personal growth’. The second category consists of ‘Self-reflection within a group’, ‘Diverse learning opportunities’, ‘Pleasures of discussion-based learning.’ Third category is comprised of ‘Modifying the lesson structure’ and ‘Optimizing the learning space.’

자가면역췌장염은 혈중 IgG4의 증가와 췌장 조직에서 IgG4 양성 플라즈마세포의 침윤을 보이는 질환이다. 제1형 자가면역췌장염의 경우 담관, 타액선, 신장, 후 복강 등을 포함한 다른 장기의 침범도 가능하다. 췌장 종괴 형태로 발현한 자가면역췌장염은 췌장얌과 감별하기 쉽지 않을 수 있다. 60세 남자 환자가 상복부 불편감으로 본원을 방문하였다. 복부전산화단층촬영 및 자기공명영상에서 4.8 cm 크기의 췌장두부 종괴가 있었고 이는 총담관를 침범하고 있었다. 내시경초음파 유도하 세침조직검사 및 내시경역행담 췌관조영술 유도하 담관내조직검사에서 악성세포는 보이지 않았다. 그러나 IgG4 양성 세포가 고배율시야에서 20개 이상 관찰되었다. 총 3주 동안의 스테로이드 치료 후 환자의 증상이 호전되었고 추적 영상검사에서 췌장두부 종괴의 크기가 3 cm로 감소하였다. 이상으로 췌장암과 감별이 어려웠던 췌장 종괴 형태로 발현한 자가면역췌장염 1예를 보고한다.