‘Saenuri’ is a new japonica rice variety developed and registered by the rice breeding team of Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2007. This variety was derived from a cross between Gyehwa17 with lodging tolerance and high yield potential, and HR14026-B-68-6-1-5 with resistance to diseases and good eating quality. This variety has about 124 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in west-southern coast, Honam and Youngnam plain of Korea. It is about 78 cm in culm length and tolerance to lodging. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows moderately resistance to blast, and resistance to bacterial blight pathogen races from K1 to K3 and stripe virus, but susceptible to other major diseases and insect pests. The milled rice of “Saenuri” exhibits translucent, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and midium short grain. It has similar amylose content of 19.0% and lower protein content of 6.1%, and good palatability of cooked rice compared with Nampyeongbyeo. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.71MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. “Saenuri” would be adaptable to west-southern coast, Honam and Youngnam plain of Korea.

‘Gangbaek’ is a japonica rice variety developed and registered by the rice breeding team of Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2006. ‘Gangbaek’ was derived from a cross between ‘Suweon345’ with good grain quality and ‘DV85’ resistant to bacterial blight, K3a. F1 plants were grown in the greenhouse in winter of 1992/1993 and backcrossed with ‘Suweon345’ as the recurrent parent. Plants resistant to K3a race of bacterial blight (BB) were selected from BC1F1 to BC4F1 and used as parents in the backcrossing processes. This variety has about 120 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in west-southern coast and Honam plain of Korea. It is about 69 cm in culm length and tolerance to lodging. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows moderately resistance to blast, and resistance to bacterial blight pathogen, K1, K2, K3 and K3a, but susceptible to other major diseases and insect pests. The milled rice of ‘Gangbaek’ exhibits translucent, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and midium short grain. It has lower amylose content of 18.6% and protein content of 6.4% compared with ‘Nampyeongbyeo’. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.28 MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. This cultivar would be adaptable to the bacterial blight-prone area in the south-western coastal and Honam plain of Korea.

A new spray rose cultivar ‘orning Shine’was bred from the cross between light pink spray cultivar ‘harming’and white spray cultivar ‘rincess’at the National Horticulture Research Institute. The cross was made in 2000 and ‘orning Shine’ was finally selected in 2006 after investigating characteristics for three years from 2003 to 2006. ‘orning Shine’ a light yellow spray cultivar grows vigorously and has high productivity. The major characteristics of this cultivar are 159.7 stems/m2/year in yield, 74.3 cm in length of cut flower, 7.2 cm in flower diameter, 35.6 in petal number, and 13.0 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer’ preference of this cultivar is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, ‘unny Lady’

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of shading material on the chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and its any correlations in Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer. Fo was higher in polyethylene shade net than in silver-coated shading plate, but this treatment caused a lower Fm in comparison with silver-coated shading plate. Also, Fv/Fm and PhiPS2 showed higher in silver-coated shading plate than in polyethylene shade net. The relationship between net photosynthetic rate and transpiration, stomatal conductance were increased as the PAR (Photosynthetic active radiation) was increased and reached maximum at the 200-400 μmol/m2/s of PAR in all of leaves, and the higher in silver-coated shading plate than in polyethylene shade net. A linear equation was obtained between net photosynthetic rate and transpiration, net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. SPAD was higher in silver-coated shading plate than in polyethylene shade net.

The aim of this work is to assess the safety of fungicide tolclofos-methyl, difenoconazole and azoxystrobin in ginseng sprayed by safe use guideline. When tolclofos-methyl was sprayed on ginseng by safe use guideline, the residue amounts (MRL) of it in ginseng was 0.13 mg/kg which is below than 0.3 mg/kg, maximum residue limit established by Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA). The residue amounts of ginseng parts, head part was 0.37 mg/kg and main body part was 0.13 mg/kg. In case of difenoconazole, the residue amounts in ginseng was 0.81 mg/kg. which was exceed the MRL, 0.2 mg/kg. By the analyze results of ginseng part, the residues of head and main body part were 3.01 and 0.40 mg/kg, respectively. In experiment of vinyl mulching, the residue amount of difenoconazole in ginseng was 0.05 mg/kg. The residue amounts of azoxystrobin in ginseng sprayed by safe use guideline was 0.14 mg/kg. This residue was not exceed the MRL 0.5 mg/kg. The residue amounts by ginseng parts was 0.51 mg/kg for head part and 0.28 mg/kg for main body part. In case of vinyl mulching, the residue amount of azoxystrobin was 0.02 mg/kg.

The Direct Payment Program for Rural Landscape Conservation (DPPRLC), introduced by the Korean government, currently offers subsidies to rural villages to encourage the growing of flower crops or wild flowers instead of common grain. However, in many of these villages, major landscape elements like walls and roofs of houses are built with cheap, urban materials, and kept in poor condition. This is a poor reflection of the DPPRLC goal to improve the aesthetic of korean rural landscape. This study surveyed and analyzed traditional style walls and roofs in ten selected villages taking part in the DPPRLC program. Villagers were interviewed for a proposed direct payment program for building and maintaining traditional walls and roofs. Major findings are: First, more than 86% of residents are willing to build and maintain traditional walls if subsidies are given. They would like to be reimbursed 75% to 100% of construction and maintenance costs. Second, about 64% of residents would be willing to build and maintain traditional roofs with the subsidies. They also would like to receive 75% to 100% of construction and maintenance costs. The policy implication of this study is that extending the DPPRLC program to include walls and roofs in rural villages will make rural landscape more attractive.

기후변화와 지구온난화현상은 지구 전체에 걸쳐 분명하게 나타나고 있으며 그에 따라 발생할 수 있는 수문 변화에 대한 연구가 다양하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기후변화에 따른 유역 유출의 민감도를 평가하기 위하여 SWAT 모형을 이용하였으며 대청댐유역에 적용하였다. 모형의 보정은 1982-1995년의 월평균 하천유량을 이용하였고 1996-2005년의 자료를 이용하여 검증하였다. 기후변화에 따른 수문 변동을 정량적으로 분석하기 위하여 1988-2002

하천유량의 시간적 추세에 대한 이해는 자연환경이나 인간사회를 위한 하천관리 및 수자원계획에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 일반적으로 기온, 강수, 유량 그리고 농업, 홍수방지활동, 저수지 및 유역간의 물이동 등과 같은 하천의 이용은 결과적으로 하천의 흐름에 반영되게 된다. 수자원 시설물 설계에서 받아들여지는 시계열 상에서 수문기상학적 특성이 불변하다는 가정은 기후변화나 하천교란에 의해 더 이상 타당하지 않을 수 있다. 그러므로 수문시계열에서 변화 특성을 검증하고

가뭄은 장시간동안 강수의 부족으로 발생하는 자연현상이며, 지역에 따라 해마다 여러 가지 피해를 발생시키고 있다. 특히 19941995년과 2001년에 발생한 가뭄은 피해가 매우 심각하였으며 중.소규모의 저수지가 바닥을 드러냈을 뿐 아니라 상당한 경제적인 손실도 발생하였다. 하지만 가뭄관리계획에 의해 저수지를 통한 최적의 물 공급방안을 제시함으로써 이러한 피해들을 최소화 시킬 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 최적의 저수지 운영을 위한 전문가시스템을 개발하

밀감 분말을 첨가한 기능성 파운드케이크를 개발하기 위하여 파운드케이크를 제조하여 품질특성을 조사하였다. 파운드케이크 무게는 밀감 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였다. 부피와 굽기 손실률은 대조구가 가장 높았으며, 밀감 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. pH 측정에서는 대조구가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 밀감 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 pH는 점점 낮아 졌다. 색도는 밀감 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 L값은 낮아졌으며 a값과 b값은

밀감 분말을 첨가한 건강 yellow layer cake을 개발하기 위하여 yellow layer cake를 제조하여 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 밀감 분말의 수분함량은 13.7%, 조단백질 5.22%, 조지방 1.31%, 조회분 1.94%로 나타났다. pH 측정에서는 대조구가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 밀감 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 pH는 점점 낮아 졌다. yellow layer cake 부피는 밀감 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였

국내의 조사료원으로써 양질의 조사료 생산 및 이용을 위해 총체맥류의 논재배 면적이 최근에 급증하고 있다(1998년(10a)→2006년(9787a), 농림부). 총체맥류 재배시 최대 조사료 생산을 목적으로 다량의 종자를 파종하고 있으며 파종량이 많을수록 더 많은 토양중의 질소분을 흡수, 이용하기에 동일 포장에서 바로 이어서 재배되는 벼 식물체의 질소분의 흡수, 이용에 영향을 미치므로 토양 중의 질소 수지 조사에 의한 벼의 시비 처방의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 현재 총체맥류 생산답에서의 벼 재배시 총체맥류 생산시의 파종량과 토양의 질소량을 고려하지 않고 벼에 대한 재배가 이루어지므로 총체맥류 재배답에서의 벼 재배시 벼 식물체의 질소 이용에 대한 조사를 위하여 2007년 전북농업기술원의 포장에 총체 맥류 파종량을 기준으로 총체 보리, 이탈리안라이그라스의 재배답을 각 각 4구씩 구획하였으며 2008년 6월 5일 5개의 벼 품종을 각 파종구에 이앙하였다. 5개의 벼 품종들은 7개의 주요 생육시기별로 샘플링 하여 질소 동화 과정에서 중요한 작용을 하는 Glutamine Synthetase(GS), Glutamate Synthase(GOGAT), Glutamate Dehydrogenase(GDH)를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 GS, GOGAT, GDH 효소의 활성은 벼 식물체의 주요 생육시기가 진전됨에 따라 점차적으로 증가하여 유수형성기와 수잉기에서 이앙기의 약 1.3 ~ 5.5배 증가하였으며 출수기에 접어 들면서 점차 감소하였다. 파종량별 GS, GOGAT, GDH 효소의 활성에서 신농흑찰벼의 GOGAT 효소의 활성은 이탈리안라이그라스 재배답에서만 파종량이 많을수록 효소의 활성도 높아졌으며, 큰눈벼의 총체보리 재배답, 신농흑찰벼의 이탈리안라이그라스 재배답과 호품벼의 총체보리 재배답에서만 파종량이 많을수록 GS 효소의 활성이 증가하였다. 이상의 결과는 본시험에서 사용한 총체맥류 파종량의 범위에서는 총체맥류 재배답의 벼 재배시 질소 동화에 관여하는 GS, GOGAT, GDH 효소의 활성에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 가능성을 시사한다. 본 연구는 농촌진흥청 주관 농업기술센터 공동연구과제의(과제번호-200803A01082002) 일환으로 수행됐다.

The effects of inorganic salts, inoculum concentration, aeration rate and shaking speed on insoluble phosphate solubilization by Pseudomonas fluorescens RAF15 were investigated. Soluble phosphate production was dependent on the presence of MgCl₂·6H₂O and MgSO₄·7H₂O in the medium. Supplementation of medium with 0.01% CaCl₂·2H₂O and 0.01% NaCl slightly increased soluble phosphate production. The optimal medium compositions for the solubilization of insoluble phosphate by P. fluorescens RAF15 were 1.5% glucose, 0.005% urea, 0.3% MgCl₂·6H₂O, 0.01% MgSO₄·7H₂O, 0.01% CaCl₂·2H₂O and 0.01% NaCl, respectively. Optimal inoculum concentration was 2.0%(v/v). Maximum soluble phosphate production was obtained with 20-50 ml/250-ml flask and 200 rpm of shaking speed, respectively. The addition of EDTA decreased cell growth and soluble phosphate production.

“Unmi” is a new japonica rice variety developed by the rice breeding team of Honam Agricultural Research Institute, NICS, RDA in 2007. This variety was developed from a across between Samcheonbyeo with lodging and cold tolerance and HR17870 derived from the cross of Iksan435 (Sobibyeo) and Sangju17 with resistance to diseases and good quality. This variety has about 110 days of growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in northern plain, northern and southern mid-mountainous areas of South Korea. It is about 68 cm in culm length and tolerant to lodging. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows moderate resistance to blast, and to bacterial blight pathogen races from K1 to K3, but susceptible to other major diseases and insect pests. The milled rice of “Unmi” is translucent and has relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It has about 17.3% amylose content, 6.3% of protein and similar palatability of cooked rice compared with Odaebyeo. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.16 MT/ha under the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. “Unmi” would be adaptable for ordinary transplanting in the northern plain, northern and southern mid-mountainous area of South Korea.

“unbora”is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Iksan433 resistant to bacterial blight and Miyadamamochi, a waxy line. at Honam Agricultural Research Institute, NICS, RDA, in 2006. This cultivar is a short grain shape and about 118 days of growth duration from transplanting “unbora”to harvesting under Korean climatic conditions. The milled rice are snow white and glutinuous. This cultivar shows high resistant reactions to the bacterial blight pathogen race K1～K3 and blast respectively. The milled rice yield of “unbora”is about 5.34 MT/ha under the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. “unbora”would be adaptable for in the middle plain, north middle-mountin plain and Honam plain, and Youngnam plain areas of Korea.

“wangkeumbora”is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a three way cross of Jinbubyeo, Odaebyeo and Fukei126 at Honam Agricultural Reaserch Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA, in 2006. This cultivar has about 110 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting under Korean climate condition. The milled kernel of “wangkeumbora”is translucent with non- glutinous endosperm. Amylose content of “wangkeumbora”is about 19.3%. “wangkeumbora”has better palatability of cooked rice compared with “daebyeo”and shows high resistant reaction to the blast, but susceptible to major diseases and insect pests. The milled rice yield of "Hwangkeumbora" is about 5.37 MT/ha under the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. “wangkeumbora”would be adaptable for ordinary transplanting in northern plain, mid-mountainous and southern mountainous of Korea.

Hwangeumnodeul is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Milyang165 and HR15151-B-21-3 at Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA, in 2007. This cultivar has short grains and about 139 days of growth duration from direct seeding to harvesting in the southern plain areas. Culm length of this cultivar is 78 cm and the number of spikelet per panicle is similar to that of the check cultivar, Nampyeongbyeo, while filled grain rate is lower than the check variety. This cultivar is moderately resistant to leaf blast, bacterial blight pathogens of K1, K2 and K3 and stripe virus but susceptible to major virus diseases and insect pests. Milled kernel of Hwanggeumnodeul is translucent with non-glutinous endosperm. This cultivar has about 5.7% and 18.6% of protein and amylose contents, respectively. Palatability of cooked rice of Hwanggeumnodeul is similar to Nampyeongbyeo. Its milling recovery and head rice were 75.6% and 90.0%, respectively. Hwanggeumnodeul yielded 5.69 and 5.61 MT/ha in milled rice at the under wet-direct and dry-direct seeding conditions, respectively which are 17% and 12% higher than the check variety, Juanbyeo. It yielded 5.86 MT/ha, 8% higher than Nampyeongbyeo at the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. “wanggeumnodeul”would be adaptable for ordinary transplanting as well as direct seeding in the southern plain including Chungcheong province.