This study was surveyed by 192 male and 238 female eating-out behaviours about western food in Seoul. The results were summarized as follows : The recognition degree about the western food was 14.2% in 「Know well」, 54.8% in 「Know somewhat」, 25.3% in 「Not know」 and was observed significance by sex, food expenses and dine-out expenses. The recognition degree about western food was observed more highly than expected and would be further more highly with westernized dietary culture. The information of concern and knowledge about western food was taken by mass-communication, book, school education, etc. and the answer marked significance by sex, age, school career. The majority of subjects had chosen Korean restaurants in dining-out and the western restaurants were favorable to twenties(20∼29) and thirties(30∼39). The frequency of western restaurants visits was 46% in 「1∼3times/month」, 39% in 「several times/year」 and the answer of frequency had significance by age, food expenses, and dine-out expenses. The choice of western A la carte menu restaurants was chicken restaurant(28%), cutlet restaurant(24%), hamburger R. (13%), pizza R. (19%), Spaghetti R. (9%). Hamburger restaurants were favorable to twenties and the majority of pizza restaurant chosen were high level by monthly income. Content to be improved in western food was 68% in 「proper taste in Korean」. Western cook should be improved properly in Korean tasting.

This study has tried to illuminate a shocking phenomenon, the import liberalization of agricultural products in the aspect of Consumer consciousness. It has been applied that Table Analysis by using computer programming for instance-MINITAB, and Correlation Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis, things like that. The results of this study are as follows; 1. Comparing domestic and imported stuffs, Comsumers came to awareness that domestic products superior to foreign's in the cases of the degree of freshness, taste and pollution damage, in the meanwhile, inferior to the cases of price and wrapping. Food self-supplyment is considered as one of the most important things of all, moreover, by most comsumers and health food and conventional food are favored by high class people. 2. Bying imported stuffs could clearly be fatal blow to our agriculture is fully recognized among consumers, what is more, there would only be doomed to our agriculture, too. 3. The most mass-purchasing imported stuffs by consumers illustrates in order; Beef, Banana, Coffee and Tabacco etc. The most significant elements why consumers buy foreign product is that the prices of them are relatively lower than those of ours. Besides, the next causes lies to non-producing stuffs and curiosity. 4. It must've been generally conceived by most consumers that Open-the-market-policy has been progressed for USA's repression and our monopolistic capital. Therefore, they demand that our market should be contained against unadviciable wave, moreover, keep paying attention to the policy how it will work to protect Korean agriculture. 5. Consumer attitude toward buying imported agricultural products is double-faced, Never-buy occupied only 24.4 % among respondents, but overwhelming respondents say non-producing stuffs can be obtained selectively. In this case, however, never-buy-movement would be backed by consumers in proportion to their educational background. 6. Various consumer minds surrounding Open-the-market-situation, in the end, has been analized econometrics through eleven variables to approach accurate fulfillments.

지리산 반야봉지역을 중심으로 분포하고 있는 구상나무의 생육현황과 구상나무림의 구조를 정확히 파악하고자, 구상나무가 생육하고 있는 지역에 37개의 방형구(10×10m)를 설치하여 식생을 조사하였다. 고사한 구상나무는 상층수관의 큰 나무들에서 발견되었으며, 개체수의 비율로는 12.81% 이었다. 유묘의 개체수도 매우 적은 수였다. Cluster 분석한 결과 세 개의 집단으로 분류되었다. 수종간의 상관성은 구상나무와 털진달래가 비교적 높은 정의 상관관계를 구상나무와 쇠물푸레, 까치박달, 조릿대 및 층층나무 등의 수종들과는 높은 부의 상관을 보였다. 본 조사지의 종다양도(H')는 1.9796-2.7509로 매우 높게 나타났다. 본 조사지의 구상나무림을 보존하기 위해서는 쇠퇴원인의 구명과 이에 대한 처방이 필요하며 신갈나무, 당단풍, 쇠물푸레, 까치박달, 층층나무, 조릿대 등을 제거해야 한다.

지리산 국립공원의 화엄사입구에서 노고단 정상에 이르는 화엄사 계곡 및 성삼재에서 노고단에 이르는 등산로 주변에 출현하는 관속식물을 파악하고자, 1991년 5월 5일-7일, 7월 10일-13일 및 9월 28일-30일 사이에 본 조사를 수행한 바, 2강 31목 83과 175속, 216종, 24변종 및 7품종으로 조사되었다.

청주지역(淸州地域)의 세시풍속일(歲時風俗日)과 세시음식(歲時飮食)에 관하여 동국세시기(東國歲時記), 열양세시기(洌陽歲時記) 경도잡지(京都雜誌) 등의 문헌(文獻)과 강원지역(江原地域)의 연구(硏究) 결과(結果)를 통하여 비교(比較) 고찰(考察)하였다. 현재 지키고 있는 세시풍속일(歲時風俗日) 중(中) 설날과 추석은 어느 가정(家庭)이든 지키고 있었으며, 정월, 대보름, 동지, 삼복, 초파일 순(順)으로 많이 지키고 있었으나 그 외 세시퐁속일(歲時風俗日)은 잊혀져가고 있으며 주오하절, 중원, 남향은 지키고 있지 않았다. 또한 세시음식(歲時飮食)은 설날과 추석에 해 먹고 있는 음식(飮食)의 종류가 다양했으며, 설날의 떡국과 만두, 정월대보름의 오곡밥, 묵은 나물과 부럼, 추석의 송편, 동지의 팥죽은 대다수의 가정(家庭)에서 해 먹고 있는 것으로 나타났으나 그 외 세시음식(歲時飮食)은 해 먹은 율(率)이 낮거나 거의 잊혀져가고 있다. 일제하의 강압과 해방 후의 서구화(西歐化)에 너무 치우쳐 전통문화(傳統文化)는 소멸되어왔지만, 공업화(工業化)가 가속되어도 우리의 농경문화(農耕文化)나 세시풍속((歲時風俗)들 그리고 우리의 전통문화(傳統文化)는 견재해가면서 국제화(國際化)에 대처해 나가야 할 것이다. 또한 국제화(國際化)와 전통문화(傳統文化)는 결코 언제나 상반된 것이 아니므로 오히려 세계적(世界的)으로 국제화(國際化)는 가속되는 속에서 우리의 전통문화(傳統文化)를 자랑스럽게 여기며, 내세우고 관광자료(觀光資料)로 활용하는 것도 좋은 방안이라 생각된다. 앞으로 각 지역별로 세시음식(歲時飮食)에 관한 조사연구(調査硏究)가 이루어져 비교해볼 수 있어야 하겠다.

This study was conducted to research on the observing state of Korean traditional holidays and the traditional foods related to those days through the questionnaires completed by 578 housewives who live in Kangreung, Daejeon, Jeonju, and Daegu area. For data processing, SAS program was employed, and all data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, and 2-square. The results are as follows; 1. In observing the traditional holidays, more than 90% of housewives who answered the inquiry keep up SEOLNAL, DAEBOREUM, and CHUSEOK, whithout regarding regions. There are larger number of people who keep up IPCHUN, JUNGWHAJEAL, and DANOH in Kangreung and SAMBOK in Daegu than that of other regions (p〈.001). Compared to general circumstances, CHOPAIL is more commonly celebrated by older class as well as lower educated class (p〈.001) Also, the consequence shows that Buddhists observe IPCHUN, SAMJITANL, CHOPAIL, DANOH, SAMBOK, and DONGJI more commonly compared with other classes (p〈.001), IPCHUN, SAMJITNAL, (p〈.01). DAEBOREUM, YUDU, SAMBOK, JUNGYANGJEOL, OHIL, and DONGJI (p〈.001) are celebrated more generally among extended. 2. On inheritance of the traditional holidays, most of the housewives answered that the SEOLNAL, DAEBOREUM, CHUSSEOK, and DONGJI are to be inherited. Compared to general circumstance CHOPAIL is suggested to be inherited by older people (p〈.001). The IPCHUN, CHOPAIL, SAMBOK (p〈.001), and DANCH (p〈.01) are suggested by Buddhists that YUDU and SAMBOK are by nuclear. 3. In preparaing festive foods, DEOKGUK on SEOLNAL, OHKOKBAP and MUKEUNNAMUL on DAEBOREUM, SONGPYEON and GATEUNNAMUL on CHUSEOK, and PATJUK on DONGJI are being made very generally. KANGJEONG on SEOLNAL, BUREUM on DAEBOREUM, KALGUKSU and SAMGYAETANG on SAMBOK, DARKJIM on CHUSEOK, SUJEONGGWA and DONGCHIMI on DONGJI appeared comparatively high rated of making. 4. In normal times, DEOKGUK, MANDU, INJEOLMI, SIKHYAE, SUJEEONGGWA, PYEONYUK, JEONYUEO, SIRUDDEOK, BOKSSAM, MUKEUNNAMUL, SONGPYUN, MINARINAMUL, YUKGAEJANGGUK, KALGUKSU, SAMGYAETANG, HOBAKJIJIM, TORANTANG, GATEUNNAMUL, NUREUMJEOK, DAKJIM, KALBIJIM, PATJJUK, and DONGCHIMI is usully made. 5. The source to learn about traditional foods is mostly by her mother and the rest orders are husband's mother, cooking books, mass media (including T.V), school education, and cooking instituse, etc.

옥수수의 흑조위축병 발생이 심한 경화 경산에서, 흑조위축병 내병성이 다른 사일리지용 옥수수 2품종과 생육기간이 다른 사일리지용 수수 2품종을 6개 파종기(4월 l일, 4월 15일, 4월 29일, 5월 13일, 5월 27일,6월 10일)에 재배하여 옥수수는 황숙기에 1회, 수수는 유숙기에 1차 수확하고, 재생한 것은 10월 1일에 2차 수확하여 건물생산성 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다 1.입묘솔은 옥수수가 수수보다 높았다 옥수수는 품종간 및 파종기간에 입묘솔

This study was conducted a comprehensive sarvey of 39 elementary schools operating school lunch program in Seoul area. The purpose of this study was to investigate the realities of school lunch program. This method of this research was based on the interview survey with dietitian working at each school with prepared questionaire. The survey was conducted for 16 days from Dec. 5 to Dec. 20., 1990. The results of this study were as follows ; (1) The average numbers of children supplied with food were 1, 244 for each school. It was about 44.3% of the students enrolled in the school. The average feeding cost was 738 won per a child for a day. (2) Only one school was operating nutritional education as a regular educational program, and others were operating nutritional education off and on. (3) All nutrient intake except energy were higher than the RDA for school lunch program. (4) The ratio of animal food was 46.2%, and that of vegetable food was 53.8%. (5) The ratio of schools without sterilizer cabinet came to 56.4%, and that of schools without warmer was 97.4%. (6) The facilities for drainage, lighting, ventilation, anti-rat of a cookery were comparatively good.

The purpose of this study is to estimate rainfall around the district of Mt. Kumgang using several orographic factors where rainfall can not be measured routinely. Orographic factors used are height-reading, direction of main valley, relative relief, degree of exposure, and direction of maximum slope. The distribution of calculated rainfall around Mt. Kumgang coincides well with that of observed one and shows much rainfall in summer.

본 연구는 1965년부터 1988년까지 전국 39개 병해충발생예찰소에서 수집된 이화명나방의 유살성적을 이용하여 그의 지역간 발생상의 특성을 분석하고 대표적 생태종이 분포하고 있는 4개 지역에서 채집된 월동유충의 몇가지 생태학적 특성을 조사한 것으로 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 이화명나방의 총유살량이 1969년 이후 전국적으로 크게 감소하였으며 이것은 봄나방 유살량의 감소에 따른 것으로 여름나방외 그것은 큰 변동이 없어 1970년 이후 8월중순부터, 다음해 6월 상순까지의 환경조건이 크게 변화하였음을 알 수 있다. 유살량의 지역간 차는 1960년대에는 컸으나 1970년대에는 크게 감소하였으며 최근 10년간에 다소 증가하고 있으며 그 변동상은 지역적으로 차가 있다. 전체적으로 50% 유살일은 화기와 관계없이 빨라지고 있으나 지역에 따라 그 양상에는 차가 있다. 월동유충을 , tkdxotmqeh 90%에서 가온사육한 결과 지역별 사망율은 수원 21.07%, 이리 43.06%, 진주 63.51%, 광주 27.04%였다. 월동유충의 사망율은 체중에 따라 차가 있어서 39 mg 이하는 45.44%, 40 ~ 49 mg은 37.61%, 50 ~ 59 mg는 37.28%, 60 mg 이상은 30.17%였다. , 상대습도 90%에서 가온하였을 때, 휴면후 평균 유충발육기간은 수원지역은 17.0 1.5일, 이리지역은 22.0 1.8일, 광주지역은 23.2 2.5일, 진주지역은 20.8 2.8일이 걸렸다. 체중별 후면후 유충발육기간은 39 mg 이하가 1806 1.2일, 40 ~ 49 mg이 20.4 3.3일, 50 ~ 59 mg이 21.4 3.2일, 60 mg 이상이 21.8 3.2일이 걸렸다. 이러한 결과로 보아 1970년대 이후의 벼의 재배법의 변화는 이화명나방 발생상에 큰 영향을 미쳤으며 그 영향은 화기에 따라 차가 있었고 휴면상태에 특징을 갖고 있는 생태종의 분포에 따라 차가 있음을 짐작할 수 있다.

The survey was conducted for the period from 25th to 29th July, 1990. The survey area were selected the mountain area in Kang Won Province. Intake of foods and nutrients of all members in the households surveyed by means of questionnaire was computed based on number of meals a day. On the other hand, daily intake of nutrients by an individual was calculated by sex, age and type of work based on the conversion rate of RDA (Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances for Adult) . 1. Status of food intake. The average food intake per person per day in surveyed area was 1103.49g. The total intake of food was consisted of 44.17% grains, 23.31% vegetables, 10.66% fruits, respectively. These findings led us to the conclusion that people in the surveyed area depended heavily on plant foods. 2. Status of nutrient intake. 1) The average intake of Calorie was 2567.54㎈ per day, which was slightly higher than 2500㎈ of RDA. 2) The average intake of protein was 82.92g per day, which was higher than 70 g of RDA. Though the quantity was above the RDA, it was largely from plant foods. 3) The average intake of calcium was 383.93㎎ per day, which was much lower than 600㎎ of RDA. 4) The average intake of iron was 11.88㎎ per day, which was nearly the same quantity as 10㎎ of RDA . 5) Intake of vitamin group were high among the inhabitants than recommended by RDA 3. The Kinds of food intake. The kinds of food intake in surveyed area were totally 66 different kinds. 4. Economic status. As for the education level, almost of the food handlers finished the primary school and the average monthly income was ￦364, 600 in surveyed area. Households used gas(100%) for fuel.

속리산국립공원의 일부인 속리산지역의 현존식생을 파악하기 위하여 종조성 및 식생상관에 의하여 삼림군집을 분류하였으며 이를 바탕으로 현존식생도를 작성하였다. 속리산의 식생은 소나무림, 낙엽활엽수림, 조림지 등으로 구성되었으며 확인된 삼림군집은 다음과 같다. 1. 소나무군집 1) 소나무-진달래 하위군집 2) 소나무-철쭉 하위군집 3) 소나무-조록싸리 하위군집 4) 소나무-조릿대 하위군집 2. 소나무-졸참나무군집 3. 소나무-굴참나무군집 4. 졸참나무군집 5. 졸참나무-굴참나무군집 6. 서어나무군집 7. 신갈나무군집 1) 전형하위군집 2) 신갈나무-조록싸리 하위군집 3) 신갈나무-철쭉 하위군집 8. 물푸레나무군집 9. 노린재나무군집 10. 굴참나무군집

Main aspects of this study are to clarify igneous activity of igneous rocks, which is a member of various intrusives and volcanics exposed in the SE-zone of Ogcheon Geosynclinal belt, one of basement of Korean peninsula. Igneous rocks of study area along marginal area between SE-zone and C-zone of Ogcheon Geosynclinal belt consist of Pre-Cambrian orthogneiss, Triassic foliated granites and Namweon granites, Jurassic diorite-gabbro and granites, and Cretaceous granites and volcanics. Foliated granites in so-called Honam shear belt of study area is divided into four rock units based on the geologic age, mineralogy and texture : Daegang foliated granite, foliated hornblende biotite grandiorite, foliated biotite granodiorite and foliated two mica granite. Foliation of foliated granites generated by dextral strike slip movement at deep ductile shear zone. The individual synchronous plutons plottes on Harker diagram show mostly similar trend to the Daly's values. Each plots of the foliated granites, Jurassic granites and Cretaceous igneous rocks concentrate near trend of talc-alkali rock series on the AMF diagram. Igneous rocks of study area vary wide range in total REE content(83.27-377.49ppm) show LREE enriched than HREE in REE amount, and LREE have more steep negative slope in Eu(-) anomaly. From the date mentioned above, it is concluded the synchronous plutons which composed of several rock facies is considered to formed by differentiation of a series of magma. Geochronological episodes of igneous activity from early proterozoic to late Cretaceous between Jinan and Naju are two more Pre-Cambrian Orogenies, Songrim Disturbance, Daebo Orogeny and Bulkuksa Disturbance.

An ecological study of food and nutrition was conducted among 198 children, 6 to 12 years old, of the Songmyun elementary school and Samsong elementary school, located in remote villages of Chungchun-myun, Goisan-gun, Chung Buk Province between July 11 and 16, 1988. The results were summarized as follows. In regard to frequency of skipping breakfast, 3.3% of subjects skipped every morning; 15% often skipped; and the others never skipped. The most common reason for skipping a meal was lack of appetite. 6.6% of subjects often skipped an evening meal because of delayed meal preparation by a mother who returned home late. The survey found that 5.1% of subjects skipped a lunch at school. The reasons for skipping lunch were the mother’s being too busy to prepare a boxed lunch; a school bag too heavy to carry for a long distance to school; no adequate side-dishes for the boxed lunch. Growth patterns of those children having poor food habits, were reflected in lower figures in arm circumference and weight for height. The percentage of children having meals with their family on weekdays was 84.7% for breakfast; 85.6% for evening meal. About 7% of subjects had many dislikes and 74.1% had some dislikes in what they ate; 18.9% had good food preferences. There was a strong correlation between appetite or food preferences and anthropometric measurements or nutrient intake. Boiled rice was the predominant dietary staple, and principal sources of protein taken by subjects at home were soy beans and soy products. Regarding the boxed lunch prepared at home, most popular was one with only one kind of side-dish, including kimchee. 43.4% of the side-dishes were prepared with vegetables only. As for between meal snacks, milk and milk products, fruits and breads were popular among the subjects. The survey found that the children liked fruits, yogurt, corn, Chajang noodle; in contrast, lowest preference was for soup made with bones, curried meat with rice, and aromatic vegetables. The survey discovered a local dietary characteristics; 46.2% of the children customarily ate frog meat, an unconventional food.

In this study, the types and characteristics of rice cake, cookies were investicated in the rice grown area-Korea, Japan (Tokyo, Osaka), China (Hongkong), Thai (Bangkok, ChiengMai), Indonesia (Bali, Jakarta), and Philippine (Manila). 1. Rice cakes and cookies were made from rice powder and rice granule. Specially, there were two kinds of basic rice powder one was rice powder in dry and the other was rice juice grinded with water on the millstone. Rice juices were named in China, MeeChang, in Manila, Galapong, in Bangkok, rice powder. 2. The kinds and numbers of steamed rice cakes were the most available in all investicated area. In Hongkong, Bangkok, ChiengMai, and Manila, beatened or kneaded rice cakes could not be seen almost. Only in Hongkong and Bangkok, fried rice cakes were available, while in Japan, boiled rice cakes were not seen almost, and also baked rice cakes were not seen in Korea, Hongkong, Bali, Jakarta. 3. In the east-south Asian area, except rice and glutinous rice, coconut and palm fruits and banana were using in recipies of rice cakes and cookies. They gave soft and tender mouth feeling, white color, and good emulsifying status. 4. The kinds and numbers of rice cookies were the most available in Bangkok, but in Bali and Jakarta, the least. The cookies of Japan had similar texture and shape to rice cake while most of cookies in Hongkong were fried in oils. In Korea, the kinds and numbers of rice cookies were less than those of rice cakes.