This study is intended to prepare an revitalization plan of region where rural development project is completed through an analysis of the actual condition of facility operation and maintenance in the region where the project is completed. The results of survey of actual condition of facility operation in the region where rural development project was completed showed that the facilities were not self-sufficient in terms of operation and maintenance cost. Therefore, a prerequisite to the revitalization of region where the project is completed is to prepare an alternative plan for increasing the efficiency and applicability of currently already prepared facilities. Second, a project operation organization system should be streamlined and the competency of operation personnel should continue to be strengthened. Third, it is necessary to prepare a support system and establish cooperation networks for increasing the extensibility of project and continuing to induce community revitalization in the region where the project is completed in the future.

The objective of this research is to investigate the analytical behavior of a displacement amplification-type seismic control system, which is installed in a structure to increase the seismic energy dissipation of a damping system by amplifying displacement during the earthquake.

After analyzing of heating value of four kinds of RDF, the RDF-D has the highest heating value, was chosen to be mixed with carbonized sludge by different ratio. The 85%：15% ratio, which has the highest efficiency, was analyzed with thermogravimetric and pyrolysis kinetics. Applying of Kissinger method, activation energy was obtained from slope which is calculated from relation of ln(β/T2 m) and 1/Tm. The kinetic parameters obtained from Kissinger method were 46.06 kJ/mol of RDF, 55.99 kJ/mol of carbonized sludge and 40.68 kJ/mol of mixture of RDF and carbonized sludge. The mixture of RDF and carbonized sludge has the lowest activation energy and frequency factor, during thermal decomposition reaction it has the slowest reaction rate and needs the lowest energy. Although activation energy with pyrolysis of RDF was irregularly scattered, it showed that activation energy was stabilized by co-pyrolysis of RDF and additives(Carbonized Sludge).

최근 의료영상기술에서 유방암 엑스선 진단기술의 주요 이슈는 정확한 조기암 진단과 환자의 피폭선량의 감소에 있다. 엑스선 영상대비도를 높이고 피폭선량을 줄이는 기술 중 하나로써 다층박막거울을 이용한 단색 엑스선을 획득하는 연구가 선행되어 왔다. 그러나 기존의 Uniform 다층박막거울은 거울면의 일부 반사영역에서만 원하는 파장대역의 단색 엑스선을 얻을 수 있어서 엑스선 영상기술 응용에 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 다층박막거울의 전 영역에 걸쳐 동일한 단색엑스선을 얻기 위해 거울에 입사하는 백색 엑스선의 입사각에 상응하는 선형적 기울기의 박막두께를 갖는 Graded 다층박막거울을 설계하였고, 기존 이온빔 스퍼터링 장치에 마스크 제어 장치를 추가 제작하여 100×100mm2 크기로 제작하였다. 제작된 Graded 다층박막거울은 17.5keV의 단색엑스선을 획득할 수 있도록 설계하였으며 박막두께주기는 2.88nm~4.62nm(Center 3.87nm)이다. 엑스선 반사율은 60% 이상이며, 단색 엑스선의 FWHM은 1.4keV 이하이고 엑스선 빔 폭은 3mm정도이다. 유방촬영에 적합한 몰리브덴 특성엑스선에 해당하는 17.5keV의 단색 엑스선을 얻음으로써 저선량·고감도 유방암 진단장치 개발에 응용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

In the recent years, composite beam is now being frequently used not only in reduction of the story height but also saving material quantity. There has been heightened interest in composite beam. In this study, new composite beam was proposed, which composed of H-section and U-section members. Angles were used for shear connectors for composite action. In order to investigate the performance of the suggested composite beam, test programs were carried out to evaluate the composite beam's structural behavior and effectiveness as conducted experiments consist of push-out tests, beam flexural tests and beam-column connection tests.

In this study, activation energy of lignite, RPF and a sample mixed both of them was obtained through kinetics characteristics analysis in pyrolysis in order to identify the applicability of RPF as an assistant fuel. TGA (Thermogravimetric analysis) was conducted with follow experimental conditions; in a nitrogen atmosphere, gas flow rate of 20 ml/min, heating rate of 5 ~ 50oC/min, and maximum hottest temperature of 800oC. As a result of TGA, it showed that pyrolysis of samples mixed with 20% and 10% of RPF were more stable than other mixed ratio, and 20% of RPF was the most similar with lignite in activation energy.

CdTe 멀티에너지 X선 영상센서와 ROIC를 패키징 하기 위한 flip chip bump bonding, Au wire bonding 및 encapsulation 공정조건을 개발하였으며 성공적으로 모듈화 하였다. 최적 flip chip bonding 공정 조건은 접합온도 CdTe 센서 150℃, ROIC 270℃, 접합압력 24.5N, 접합시간 30s일 때이다. ROIC에 형성된 SnAg bump의 bonding이 용이하도록 CdTe 센서에 비하여 상대적으로 높은 접합온도를 설정하였으며, CdTe센서가 실리콘 센서에 비하여 쉽게 파손되는 것을 고려하여 접합압력을 최소화하였다. 패키징 완료된 CdTe 멀티에너지 X선 모듈의 각각 픽셀들은 단락이나 합선 등의 전기적인 문제점이 없는 것을 X선 3D computed tomography를 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 Flip chip bump bonding후 전단력은 2.45kgf/mm2 로 측정되었으며, 이는 기준치인 2kgf/mm2 이상으로 충분한 접합강도를 가짐을 확인하였다.

화석연료의 연소나 유류 오염 등으로 인해 발생하는 PAHs는 우리 주변 어디에서나 존재하는 위험한 오염물질 중 하나로, 생태계에 영향을 끼치며 작물 생육에도 영향을 준다. PAHs는 작물에서도 흡수가 가능하기 때문에, 작물생육에 대한 저해 효과를 알아보기 위해 콩과 벼에 대한 영향을 유묘기부터 검정하였다. PAHs가 처리된 토양에서 자란 벼와 콩의 초장과 건물중은 다소 감소하였고, 벼보다 콩에서 생장 저해가 강하게 발생되었다. 토양에 100 ppm 농도에서 처리된 경우 콩의 초장은 58.9 cm로 처리되지 않은 콩의 87.2% 값을 보였다. 벼의 경우, 처리 후 80일 100 ppm에서 자란 벼가 처리되지 않은 벼의 96.0% 값을 보여, 초장에 있어서 저해 효과가 낮게 나타났다. 광합성과 관련된 엽록소 함량과 엽록소 형광은 PAHs 처리 후 20일부터 70일까지 저해가 약간 되었지만, 출수기 이후는 저해 정도가 약하게 나타났다. 어린 유묘의 한천 배지 실험은 100 ppm phenanthrene 농도일 때, 성숙한 작물의 폿트 실험과 비교시 유묘 길이와 생체중의 저해가 높게 나타났다. 벼에서는 유묘 길이와 생체중이 각 각 54.2%, 33.3% 감소하였고, 콩에서는 각 각 27.9%, 13.2% 감소되었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 PAHs은 성숙기보다 영양 생장 초기에 저해가 높게 발생하며, 영양생장기의 피해는 콩보다 벼에서 저해가 높게 발생하였다.

The purposes of this research are to review the current economic measures to be used to assess the economic effects of agricultural infrastructure projects, to find some effects not included into the current measures, and to suggest new additional economic measures. So thus, economic assessment for agricultural infrastructure projects has been criticized to be overestimated. For example, some research reported that the projects enhanced rice productivity by 20% or 30%. We suggest four new measures to evaluate economic effects of agricultural infrastructure projects: (1) enhancement in productivity, (2) switchover from low-income crops to high-income crops, (3) rises in land price, and (4) lower fluctuation in production.

Rural villages have many problems such as the collapse of rural village communities with continued over-depopulation and aging, reduced functions of towns and villages, deteriorated services with changes in the structure of settlement class and decreased use of the facilities. they also have difficulties in maintenance in spite of the increase of the roles of rural village community facilities. Various plans for the utilization of community facilities to promote the vitality of rural villages and the revitalization of communities have been needed. Thus, this study aimed to offer basic data to seek for future plans to utilize community facilities and reconstruct communities through an analysis of the current uses of energy and community facilities in rural villages. The results indicated that the consumption of petroleum was highest in mountain villages at an average of 187,475 won/month(137ℓ), followed by fishing villages at an average of 144,142 won/month(104ℓ) and rural villages at an average of 126,070 won/month(93ℓ). The rate of utilization of community facilities was reversely highest in rural villages at 84.3%, followed by fishing villages at 61.1% and mountain villages at 40.7%. This research also found that households saved energy when they used community facilities and areas with a high rate of utilization of community facilities at a lower average temperature in winter. It saved approximately 33% energy compared to other areas. Finally, efficient and economical methods for community facilities in villages to be newly developed and the remodeling of existing facilities should been needed in the future to contribute to reconstructing rural village communities that face a crisis of maintenance or abolition.

제방을 유수에 의한 침식으로부터 보호하기 위해 설치되는 호안의 덮기 재료는 호안블록과 같은 콘크리트가 주를 이루고 있어 하천의 오염과 경관 훼손의 원인으로 지적되고 있다. 이에 따라 최근 이런 콘크리트 재료의 단점을 보완한 다양한 재료들이 호안 덮기 재료로 대두되고 있다. 그 중에서 코코넛섬유 및 황마, 생분해성 합성섬유 등의 친환경 재료를 주로 사용하는 식생매트공법은 식생의 자연적인 활착을 통해 지반의 안정성을 확보하여 제방을 보호하는 공법으로 강한 수류가 발생하는 지점이나 수충부 등의 하천구간에서 사용하기 어려운 단점을 가지고 있지만 그 이외의 구간에서는 친환경적으로 제방을 보호할 수 있기 때문에 최근 각광받고 있는 공법이다. 식생매트공법은 식생이 활착하기 이전까지는 호안블록에 비해 매우 낮은 제방보호기능을 가지기 때문에 무식생 상태에서 식생매트의 제방보호기능의 판단 기준이 되는 식생매트 수리 안정성의 평가는 매우 중요하다. 그러나 아직까지 국내에서는 식생매트의 기본적인 물성치 외에 치수 안정성과 직접적인 관련이 있는 식생매트의 허용유속 등에 대한 수리 안정성 평가는 미흡한 실정이다.이에 본 연구에서는 현재 실재 하천에 사용되는 식생매트 1종을 선별하여 소하천을 재현한 실규모 실험수로에 설치하고, 국내에는 아직 식생매트의 평가기준이 없으므로 미국의 재료시험학회의 시험기준 ‘ASTM D 6040’을 참고하여 실험을 수행한 뒤 수리량에 따른 식생매트의 상태와 하부 기반층의 유실량 등을 측정하여 식생매트의 수리 안정성을 평가하였다.

안정된 이동상 하상으로 대변되는 자연 하상에 보, 수제, 낙차공과 같은 인위적 교란이 작용할 경우 기존의 이동상 시스템이 무너져 하상의 거동 특성이 변화하게 되며, 이는 결국 수생태의 건상성을 근본적으로 훼손하게 된다. 따라서 수생태계에 미치는 교란을 최소화하고자 하는 자연하상복원 기술이 요구되며, 본 연구에서 적용한 웅덩이형 수제공법은 이와 같은 자연하천의 흐름 특성과 이동상 특성을 고려함과 동시에 공간적 변화의 제어를 실현할 수 있는 기능을 지니고 있다. 웅덩이형 수제공법은 세굴로부터 보호가 필요한 하안 구간에 적합한 공법으로 수제 전면부가 폐쇄형으로 구성되어 복단면에서 고수위 시에 수제 웅덩이부 내에 저유속 구간을 형성하여 자연스러운 하안 형성을 유도하고, 소류력 복원을 통해 자연적으로 하도 중앙의 하상재료 이동성을 증가시키는 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 웅덩이형 수제공법의 기능을 평가하기 위해 일반 개방형 수제와 웅덩이형 수제의 모형을 제작하여 동일 조건에서 이동상 실험을 수행하였으며, 지형 계측에 사용되는 지상 LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging)를 활용하여 하상변동을 측정하였다. 실험 결과 웅덩이형 수제공법은 기존의 개방형 수제에 비하여 하안부의 흐름에너지가 효율적으로 저감됨으로써 세굴 방지와 함께 보다 많은 퇴적이 발생하였고, 하도 중앙의 하상재 이동이 안정적으로 나타났으며, 이는 지상 LiDAR 결과 자료를 통해 보다 정확하게 확인 할 수 있었다. 추후 연구 결과 자료는 3차원 CAD를 이용한 모델링 및 정밀한 하상 등고 그래프에 활용할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 보다 정확하게 공법의 기능을 평가할 수 있는 세굴-퇴적 지형 분석이 가능 할 것으로 기대한다.

The Brace retrofit system tends to be used to reinforce the non-seismic designed buildings. This study conducted several static tests to verify structural performance of the brace retrofit system. Using its resultant data, this study will propose the problems and improvements of the brace retrofit system.

The Brace retrofit system tends to be used to reinforce the non-seismic designed buildings. This study conducted several static tests to verify structural performance of the brace retrofit system. Using its resultant data, this study will propose the problems and improvements of the brace retrofit system.

The existing standard cost of project management of empowerment sector in general rural development project has problems with standard cost system without considering characteristics of empowerment project and unclear division of works. These problems are a lot of trouble to fulfill the project. Thus, it needs an arrangement of standard cost considering detailed characteristics of project management in the empowerment sector. The contents and results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1) To set accurate standard cost, we carried out three-step processes, such as elicitation of standard works, calculation of workload and determination of standard cost. (1) In an investigation of 30 rural area dividing 8 parts about an workload of empowerment project, an average workload is 1,499 hours. (2) Based on this results, the standard cost is calculated at 15% of project cost in over 600 million won, at 28.75% of project cost in under 500 million won, by standards of empowerment project cost. 2) It set the responsibility management cost to 15% of empowerment project cost considering existing awareness, workload and work professionalism of project management. Based on the results, It suggested the practical use as basis for efficient management of the future empowerment projects. To achieve this, It needs to promote maximizing results on the whole project through the legalization processes including amendment of existing regulations.

In order to reduce the carbon dioxide exhaust quantity and the energy amount and the waste which becomes the global warming primary reason recently, the most efficient method was focused on the long-life building in Structural field. So in order to improve seismic capacity, new shape steel damper may be used in bolted connection, which made reuse of member impossible owing to serious brittle fracture of main member such as beam and column. To solve above problem, new type connection was developed and tested. As result of test, new type connection was shown good seismic capacity and main member such as beam and column were stable behavior.

This paper proposed a new type of seismic damper based on yielding of a cantilever type steel element. The hysteretic behavior and energy dissipation capacity of the proposed damper were investigated via component tests under cyclic loads. The experimental results indicated that the damping device had stable restoring force characteristics and a high energy dissipation capacity.

The aim of the research was to analyze a correlation between rural villages and a space of amenity resources in order to provide objective basic data for rural renewal planning in the future. 15 villages were selected to analyze amenity resources. A Space Syntax Method(SSM) was used to analyze a spacial structure of each village and location characteristics of amenity resources. Finally, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS) was used for a cluster analysis. The results of spacial analysis showed that the MeanDepth of rural villages was 4.482 and Global Integration Value(GInteg) was 0.956. Relatively, a depth was lower and GInteg was higher, compared to other villages. Rural villages were easily recognized and accessible by outsiders, compared to mountain and fishing villages. In the case of rural villages, the MeanDepth of amenity resources was low and GInteg was high in the results of cluster analysis using a nonhierachical method. Results indicated that an access was easy and amenity resources were closely located each other. However, the deviation of each village was great in mountain villages. This research suggests that an effective maintenance of road network for improving accessibility would be given priority in an undeveloped farming and fishing villages' renewal. Especially, using a spacial analysis in village renewal planning process can improve accessibility and maximize an utilization of public facilities and amenity resources.