목이버섯(학명 Auricularia auricula judae)은 활엽수의 고사목이나 반고사목에서 생장하고 있는데 중국에서는 목이(木耳), 우리나라에서는 목이 또는 흐르레기, 일본에서는 해파리 또는 기쿠라케(キクラケ), 서구에서는 ear mushroom이라 부르고 있다. 지름은 2～6cm 내외이고 잎맥 모양의 주름살이 있으며, 조직은 한천질로 부드러우나 탄력성이 있어 질기며, 건조하게 되면 딱딱하고 얇아지게 된다. 그리고 특유한 맛과 향이 있고 씹는 촉감이 좋으며 건조, 보관 및 저장성이 우수하다. 또한 영양가가 높은 버섯으로 단백질 11.3%, 칼륨 1,200mg, 인 434mg정도 함유하고 있으며 철 및 칼륨과 각종 비타민 함량이 높다. 특히 섬유소 함량이 높고 교질상 물질이 많아 식도 및 위장을 씻어내는 작용이 있으므로 광부 또는 방직공장 근로자들이 애용하고 혈액을 응고시키는 작용이 있어 출산모와 출혈이 심한 환자에게도 이용할 수 있다고 한다. 이러한 기능성이 널리 알려지면서 여러 나라에서 소비량이 지속적으로 증가하고 있으나 국내에서 유통 중인 400톤(약 60억원, 국내소비량의 95%) 규모의 목이버섯 대부분이 중국에서 건조 상태로 수입되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 수입산 목이버섯의 안전성 문제로 생목이 인공재배가 확산되고 있는 가운데 원균의 활력있는 보관관리를 통하여 안전한 균주를 공급과 우량종균의 생산으로 목이버섯의 산업화 기반을 조성하고자 수행하였다. 시험은 전라남도 나주시 산포면 소재에서 2012년～2013년(2년간)까지 육성품종별(4종) 원균 보관 조건별(보존재료, 저장온도 및 기간) 균사활력을 조사하였다. 시험품종은 품작, 풍운, JNM21001(털목이 계통)과 JNM21002(흑목이 계통) 등 4균주이고 원균의 보관요령은 1.8㎖ CORNING 튜브에 보관재료(Distilled water, 10%Glycerol, 5% DMSO)를 1.5㎖씩 넣은 후 패트리디쉬에서 배양중인 균주를 코르크 버러(직경 0.8㎝, 0.5㎠/10㎖)로 찍어 1튜브당 3조각씩 넣고(중심부→외부 등 골고루) 0, 3, 6, 12개월 간격으로 15℃, 4℃, -70℃로 보관(Solid medium 배양은 동일시기에 시험관에 처리) 하였다. 보관균주의 균사활력은 0, 3, 6, 12개월 간격 보관균주를 꺼내어 PDA배지에 접종, 배양한 후 패트리디쉬상에서 균밀도, 생장환 등을 측정한 결과 12개월 15℃ 보관 고체배지는 사멸균주가 많았으나 4℃는 균 활력이 유지되었으며 –70℃도 균주보관이 가능하지만 균 착상에 7～10일 정도 소요되었다. 6개월 보관도 12개월과 비슷하여 15℃ 보관 고체배지는 균 활력이 떨어지거나 사멸(JNM21002)하였으며 4℃, –70℃는 균 활력이 잘 유지되었다. 그러나 3개월 보관의 경우는 보존재료 및 온도조건에 차이 없이 비슷한 활력이었다. 시험균주별로는 품작은 10% Glycerol, 풍운과 JNM21001, JNM21002는 10% Glycerol과 증류수에서 활력이 좋아 원균의 장기보존을 위한 재료는 10%Glycerol과 증류수에서 4℃ 보관이 유망하였다.

농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원에서는 2000년 연한 노란색 FA종간잡종 나리 ‘Sinavro’ 와 밝은 노란색의 아시아틱 나리 ‘Bomi’를 각각 모본과 부본으로 화주 절단 수분법으로 인공교배하였고, 교배 후 미숙한 꼬투리을 수확하여 배가 형성된 배주를 기내에서 배양하여 잡종을 획득한 후 재배하였다. 육묘한 배양묘로부터 2004년상향개화형이며 약한 향기가 있는 아이보리색 FA종간잡종 나리‘FA04-52’ 계통을 개체 선발하였다. 2006년부터 2007년까지 1, 2차 생육특성검정을 실시하였으며 2008년 3차 생육특성검정 및 소비자 기호도 평가를 수행한 결과 초장 신장성이 우수하고 화색 및화형에 대한 기호도가 높은 아이보리색(GW157D)의 절화용 FA종간잡종 나리 ‘Cream Star’ 를 육성하였다. 3배체의 FA종간잡종나리로 화폭과 초장은 각각 14.2cm와 141.0cm이며 잎의 길이는 14.1cm이다. 개화구의 구주는 17.1cm로 소구 개화성의특징을 가진다.

‘예리’ 품종은 국립원예특작과학원에서 2005년에 육 성된 화단용 아시아틱나리 품종이다. 1993년에 핑크빛 아시아틱나리 ‘제니브(Genene)’와 진황색의 아시아틱나리 ‘몬트룩스(Montreux)’를 인공교배하여 획득한 88주의 교배 실생묘 중에서 화색, 화형 및 초형이 우수한 ‘A95-68’ 계통을 1995년에 선발하였다. ‘A95-68’ 계통은 1996년부 터 2003년까지 기내 조직배양에 의한 대량 증식, 순화, 양구를 거쳐 노지에서 개화 및 생육특성을 UPOV, RDA 조사기준에 준하여 실시하였다. ‘예리’ 품종의 개화기는 7 월 초순이다. 꽃은 상향으로 개화하고, 화색은 분홍색이 다. 초장은 34.6 cm로 짧고, 꽃의 크기는 13.3 cm이며, 엽 의 길이는 5.1 cm이다. 구근의 무게는 11.7 g이고, 구 주는 9.6 cm로 양호하다. 분화용으로 촉성재배를 위해 서는 −1.5oC에 구근을 동결 저장하여 정식시기를 달 리하여 활용할 수 있다.

This study was conducted to analyze seasonal and annual variations in rice quality and factors affecting the quality, for quality evaluation of the brand rice varieties produced in Jeonnam region. Coefficient of variation (CV) values for the seasonal variation in the rice quality were 3.1% in Toyo value, 2.1% in whiteness, 1.6% in protein content, 1.0% in moisture content, and 0.4% in head rice ratio. Quality characteristics of the brand rice varieties generally showed a decreasing tendency after April, as the months progressed. CV values for the annual variation in the rice quality were relatively high at 5.6% in protein content and 5.2% in Toyo value whereas those for whiteness and head rice ratio were relatively low, at 2.7% and 1.8%, respectively. Palatability and protein content showed high correlations with minimum air temperature, sunshine hours, rainfall, and daily temperature range. Head rice ratio had a negative correlation with daily temperature range whereas chalky rice ratio had a positive correlation with rainfall. Based on these results, we formulated a multiple regression equation to estimate palatability of cooked rice using protein content, whiteness, head rice ratio, and moisture content as follows:y ＝－6.71a ＋ 2.27b ＋ 1.29c ＋ 0.51d － 15.34 (R2=0.51*)(y: palatability of cooked rice, a: protein content, b: moisture content, c: whiteness, d: head rice ratio).

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate methods to reduce seeding expenses, thereby increasing farm income. This study investigated the effects of rain shelter controlled cultivation and adapted seeding times on the stable seed production of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Methods and Results: Seed germination was conducted under 10 condition compose to control, water washing, cold storage at 4℃ for 15 days, seed sterilization with a benomyl pesticides, hormone treated seed by submerging in 100 ppm GA3 with the cold storage at 20℃ and 25℃, darkness in a covered petridish and illuminated with a 1,500 Lux lamp. There were three cultivation type, open cultivation with non-woven fabric mulching, cultivation with a vinyl covering and rain sheltered in a plastic greenhouse. Sowing dates were April 27, May 18, June 7 and June 28, 2013. Plants were spaced 10 ㎝ apart in rows 30 ㎝ apart. Mixed oil cake fertilizer, N-P2O5-K2O (12-10-10) was applied at 600 ㎏• 10 a−1. Conclusions: Optimum germination occured in darkness at 25℃ and cold storage after submerging in GA3. The highest seed yields (4.5 ㎏• 10 a−1) occurred in the plastic greenhouse for the April 25 sowing. The highest root yield (17%) was found on April 1, under greenhouse conditions.

This study was performed to investigate the adequate standard pot and number of plants per tree of raising seeding pot on the foxtail millet transplanting culture in the southern province. Due to the various application of wellbeinghealth food recently, for upbringing of the foxtail millet, millet and sorghum in minor cereals, R & D and policy support is being promoted actively. The foxtail millet growing season is so short from 90 to 130 days, and it is large variations for a growth temperature. The main results are as follows. When it comes to foxtail millet transplantation, seedling quality of 406 holes, 200 holes and 162 holes of raising seeding pot type were not all significant, and field rooting percentage is accounted for all 94 to 95%. Yield of a foxtail millet was exposed in 406holes 305 kg/10a>162holes 303 kg> 200holes 302 kg order, and it was no significance between test processing. When it's the raising seeding transplanting culture, in case of pot culture, 406holes pot culture were reduced the bed soil cost 63%, pot 50%, working hours 18% for 200holes pot. Transplanting seedling quality per a foxtail millet transplanting culture method, dry weight was high inclination as transplanting number of plant is less, and field rooting percentage displayed more than all 95%. Yield appeared to 2 plants seedling transplanting 315kg/10a> 3 plants seedling transplanting 304kg>1 plant seedling transplanting 256kg order. The projected cost per the pot-sort on the raising seeding transplanting culture of foxtail millet, the seedling transplanting culture of 406holes was reduced 40% percentages compared to 200holes as 76,230won/10a. As a result, 406holes pot and 2plants seedling transplanting culture, labor-saving culture was possible.

The purpose of this study was to establish the optimal growth temperature and to select genetic resources for production of cowpea sprouts. Seowon was treated between 15°C and 30°C at intervals of 3°C to investigate growth temperature. Twelve resources, including Seowon, IT154149, IT154153, Tvu7426, and Tvu7778, were used for cultivating sprouts at a temperature of 27°C. The yield ratio of cowpea sprouts was highest at 27°C (657%), and was reduced when growth temperature was decreased. The hard seed rate was lower when the growth temperature was increased. Vitamin C content was highest at 24°C (2.85 mg/g), ranged between 2.15 and 2.29 mg/g at other growth temperatures, and increased with the length of the growth period. The inorganic component content of cowpea sprouts did not vary based on growth temperature, while the amino acid content increased with increasing growth temperature between 15°C and 24°C, and then subsequently decreased as growth temperature rose from 24°C to 30°C. IT154153 had the highest yield ratio of cowpea sprouts per genetic resource (647%), followed by Seowon (615%), and Tvu7426 (608%). Genetic resources with a higher yield ratio had smaller seeds, a thinner seed coat, and superior germinability. The inorganic components found at highest concentrations in the cowpea sprouts were potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron, molybdenum, and zinc (in that order). In comparison to raw seeds, the protein, calcium, zinc, molybdenum, and iron content in the cowpea sprouts was higher, while the content of aluminum and boron was lower.

The purpose of this study was to establish the proper sowing time and planting density of cowpeas for labor-saving cultivation. Experiments were carried out in Naju, Jeonnam Province (Latitude 35° 04' N, Longitude 126° 54' E) during 2012 and 2013. The intermediate-erect type strains used in this study were Jeonnam1 and Jeonnam2. Sowing was performed five times between June 25 and August 5 at approximately 10-day intervals in order to establish proper sowing time, and sowed at 5,000, 10,000, 15,000, and 20,000 plants per 10a to establish proper planting density. The days from sowing to first flowering was shortest (32 days) in plants sowed on July 25 and became longer for plants sowed on or around July 25. The days from sowing to first flowering was longest (41 days) in plants sowed on June 25. The days from first flowering to first maturing was shortest (8 days) in plants sowed on June 25 and, became considerably longer at later sowing dates. The days from first maturing to first harvesting ranged from 8 to 10 days, with little difference among the sowing periods. Plants sowed on August 5 harvested at the same time, and plants sowed between June 25 and July 25 were harvested either three or two times. The yield was highest in plants sowed on July 25: 209 kg/10a was harvested for Jeonnam1 and 221 kg/10a for Jeonnam2. Furthermore, harvested at the same time enabled when the harvesting was delayed for around 15 days because the share of the seeds first harvested was highest (91%). The proper planting density was estimated to be 15,000 plants/10a, showing the highest yields of 199 kg/10a for Jeonnam1 and 224 kg/10a for Jeonnam2.