본 연구는 치안 약자인 노인의 범죄두려움의 수준과 범죄두려움에 관한 이론을 근거로 치안 약자 노인의 범죄두려움에 영향을 미치는 요인이 무엇인지 살펴보고 그 결과에 따라 사회복지적 개입 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 한국형사정책연구원과 통계청에서 공동으로 [국민생활안전실태조 사]로 조사된 󰡔전국범죄피해조사󰡕(김은경 외, 2014)의 원자료를 갖고 2차 자료 분석을 실시하였다. 그리고 연구자가 사용하는 변수에 대한 결측값이 있는 응답자는 제외되어 총 13,317명 중 7,877명이 전체응답자로 사용되었고, 그 중 치안약자인 노인은 1,382명을 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 자료의 분석은 노인과 비노인의 집단 간에 범죄두려움이 차이에 대해 독립표본 T-검정(t-test)을 사용하였고, 범죄두려움에 대한 개인수준과 지역수준의 변량이 크기를 파악하기 위해 HLM으로 변량분석(ANOVA)과 주요 요인은 무엇인지 보고자 다층분석(Multilevel analysis)을 통해 분석하였다. 연구의 목적에 따라 분석한 결과, 첫째, 전체응답자의 개인적 범죄두려움(평균 2.56점) 보다 노인의 개인적 범죄두려움(평균 2.18점)이 낮게 나타났으며, 오히려 비노인의 개인적 범죄두려움이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 범죄두려움에 관한 이론에 근거하여 사용된 변수들을 모두 회귀식에 투입하여 살펴본 결과, 개인수준 변수에서 남성보다 여성이 개인적 범죄두려움이 높았고, 학력과 취약성 인식정도가 높을수록 개인적 범죄두려움이 높게 나 타났고, 이때, 표준화 회귀계수의 값은 취약성인식(β=0.323), 성별(β=–0.169), 학력(β =0.101) 순으로 나타났다. 지역수준 변수에서 사회적 무질서와 사업체수가 증가할 때, 개인적 범죄두려움이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 치안 약자인 노인의 범죄두려움을 낮추기 위해 여성 노인에 대한 범죄 예방활동이 필요하고, 사회적 무질서를 낮추기 위해서 거리를 방황하는 불량 청소년에 대한 거리이동 상담서비스, 술에 취해 누워있는 노숙인과 만취자에 대한 안전지원 서비스 등과 지역유대를 높이기 위한 지역사회 조직화사업, 공동체 운동, 더불어 사는 마을 만들기 사 업 등이 필요하다. 또한 지역사회 범죄예방과 범죄두려움을 낮추기 위해서 치안감시, 시민감찰 등의 지역사회경찰활동 등에 사회복지적 연계방안을 모색하여 셉테드(CPTED)가 형성될 수 있도록 파트너쉽 형성이 필요하다.

본 연구는 정보사회로의 진입으로 인한 노년층 정보 불평등을 야기시키는 디지털 격 차에 대한 해소방안, 특히 미디어 소외 계층으로 노년층의 스마트 미디어 사용과 디지털 격차에 대한 이슈에 집중하여 노년층에서 발생되고 있는 스마트 미디어 사용과 관 련한 디지털 격차의 유형과 발생 요인을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 노년층 스마트 미디어 디지 털 격차의 유형은 ‘접근격차’, ‘이용격차’ 및 ‘활용격차’로 분류되어졌다. 노년층이 스마트 미 디어 사용에 있어서 발생하는 접근, 이용, 활용 등 3가지 격차에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분 석한 결과, 첫째, 접근격차에는 소득, 학력, 신체적 만족도, 사회적 만족도가 영향력을 가지 고 있었다. 즉, 접근격차의 경우 경제력과 학력이 노년층에게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났 고, 추가적으로 신체적 만족도와 사회적 만족도가 높은 노년층이 스마트 미디어 접근이 수 월하다는 것을 발견하였다. 둘째, 이용격차의 경우 설명력을 가지고 있는 변인은 연령, 지 역, 학력, 신체적 만족도 그리고 사회적 만족도로 나타났는데, 연령이 낮을수록, 학력이 높 을수록 스마트 미디어 기본적 이용에 익숙하였으며 중소도시의 노년층이 이용에 덜 불편함 을 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 활용격차에 영향을 미치는 요인은 성별, 연령, 학력, 사 회적 만족도로 나타났고, 남성이며 연령이 낮고 고학력의 노년층이 스마트 미디어의 응용 능력이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to propose a specialized clothes-sizing system for elderly (aged 60~79) obese women satisfying the following conditions based on the data from the fifth Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (2004): a Rohrer's index of over 1.6, a BMI of over 25, and a WHR of over 0.85. The lower bodies of elderly obese women tends to be shorter and wider than average. Particularly, their torsos from the chest to the waist tend to be more obese than other areas. According to the KS standards, the clothes-sizing system sets up its size intervals as follows: 5cm in stature, 5cm and 3cm in bust, 3cm in waist, and 3cm in hip. Based on the dualistic distribution of each section, the names of the sections indicating high distribution are suggested. For suit tops, 11 sizes are selected as distributed in the 145-155cm stature section and 91-103cm bust section. For casual tops, nine sizes are selected as distributed in the 145-155cm stature section and 90-105cm bust section. For bottoms, 11 sizes are selected as distributed in the 82-97cm waist section and 91-97cm hip section. According to the KS standards, detailed sizes are suggested in the division of basic and reference areas.

The purpose of this study was to identify correlations among the continence function, cognitive function, and activities of daily living(ADL) in elderly male patients with dementia in geriatric hospitals. The subjects were 64 patients aged 65 or above who were diagnosed with dementia among the hospitalized male patients in a geriatric hospital. For the subjects' cognitive function, a questionnaire developed for the Korean Mini Mental Status Examination(K-MMSE) was used. For the continence function and ADL, data were collected using a patient evaluation table. As a result, a lower level of cognitive function resulted in corresponding higher levels of dependence in all items of ADL except bathing(p<.05), and a lower level of cognitive function led to corresponding declines in the continence function(bowel control, bladder control)(p<.01). In addition, a higher level of dependence in ADL resulted in corresponding higher levels of difficulty in bowel and bladder control(p<.01). This study showed correlations among the cognitive function, ADL, and continence function of elderly men with dementia. The results of this study may be used as basic data for the management and treatment of hospitalized elderly male patients with dementia in geriatric hospitals.

In this study, we compared diet related attributes such as food taste preference, food consumption frequency and nutrition intake between elderly residents in their 80’s of areas in Jeollanam-do that are well known for longevity and those of a part of Seoul. Structured in-depth interviews were conducted by trained interviewers on 125 consented subjects (67 Jeonnam and 58 Seoul). Differences of groups were tested using Chi-square tests for nominal or ordinal data and t-tests and ANOVA tests for ratio data. The elderly from Jeonnam tended to sleep longer, express emotion more freely, and interact with others more often than those from Seoul. The elderly tended to prefer sweet or salty tastes, which might be highly related to serious health problems. The most frequently consumed foods were napa cabbage kimchi (2.19 times/day) and multigrain rice (1.99 times/day). Elderly from Jeonnam tended to consume garlic, milk, beans and roasted barley/corn teas less often; whereas, they consumed porridge, dried radish greens, potato, fermented fish, dried fish, pork rib, pork belly, soybean paste soup, soybean paste/Ssamjang, other kimchis, pickled vegetables, snacks, cookies, and green/black teas more often than elderly residents from Seoul. Differences in nutrition intake between the regions were greater than differences between the perceived levels of household economic status. NAR and INQ for folate were lower among elderly from Jeonnam than those from Seoul, while those for protein, vitamin C, niacin, vitamin B6 were higher. The study results indicated that elderly from Jeonnam engaged in a more diverse diet than the elderly from Seoul.

To develop an elderly diet food that can easily be chewed and swallowed, we manufactured elderly diet food using chicken breast meat with various amounts (0.9, 1.1, 1.3 and 1.5 g) of gelatin used as a viscosity agent, and evaluated their physico-chemical and sensory properties. As the amount of gelatin decreased, the lightness were increased, but the redness and yellowness were decreased. In the texture profile analysis, hardness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness were significantly increased with increased amounts of gelatin, but adhesiveness gradually decreased. Cohesiveness was no significantly difference. Free amino acid contents in elderly diet food using chicken breast meat did not show trend to increase or decrease, but the tyrosine contents were significantly decreased with increased amounts of gelatin. The sensory evaluations including taste, flavor and color were not significantly different. However, the texture and overall acceptance of elderly diet food using chicken meat containing 1.3 g of gelatin had the highest acceptance.

To investigate the preference of food of the elderly for developing processed elderly food, this study was conducted from February 2014 to March 2014 by questionnaire including dietary behaviors, food preference, and frequency of food intake to 119 elderly (49 males and 70 female) who were more than 65 years old and living in Jeonju. Most subjects ate three meals regularly and most of the subjects’ favorite meal time was lunch. The duration time of one meal was 20 min (48.74%). The most preferred taste was delicate and sweet. The subject preferred cooked rice with multi-grains, kalguksu (hot noodle), and abalone porridge to other staple foods. Almost 50% of the subjects liked soybean paste soup and stew, and the ratio of elderly who liked Chinese cabbage kimchi was 72.3%. Preference for panfried foods leaned toward pan fried fish fillet and mung bean pancake. Most subjects preferred plant foods like vegetables, lettuce, and seaweeds. The elderly in Jeonju liked roasted pork, grilled yellow croaker, and stir-fried octopus. Cooked and seasoned vegetables (namul) were the most preferred type by the elderly. Preferences for dishes and food materials were not affected by sex and ages. Most subjects preferred eating out with Korean food. Preference for eating food was selected in grilled beef ribs, a pork cutlet, sushi·broiled eels, and Chinese noodles. Western Japanese and Chinese food were preferred by an elderly subject, who was male and who liked Japanese food more than female.

목 적: 노인의 시각과 청각 기능을 검사하여 시력저하와 청력손실이 노인의 전반적인 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 노인을 대상으로 한 안보건 정책과 시·청각 재활프로그램의 기초 자료를 마련하고자 한다. 방 법: 65세 이상 노인 50명(남: 19명, 여: 31명)을 대상으로 평가하였다. 시각과 청각 기능검사는 원거 리 시력검사, 굴절이상도, 순음청력검사를 시행하였고, 삶의 질 검사는 WHOQOL-BREF(World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF), SGDS(Short form of Geriatric Depression Scale), MMSE-K (Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination)를 통하여 측정하였다. 결 과: 원거리시력이 저하됨에 따라 심리적인 건강과 전반적인 삶의 질이 감소되는 유의미한 결과를 보 였다(p ＜.05). 경도 원시와 경도 근시안에서 WHOQOL-BREF와 SGDS는 정상에 비해 부정적인 결과를 보 였으나 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지는 않았다(p > .05). 청력손실이 심할수록 WHOQOL-BREF, SGDS, MMSE-K의 평가 결과가 부정적으로 나타났으나 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p > .05). 원거리시력은 신체적 건강과 전반적인 삶의 질에서 상관계수 .36(p < .05)과 .38(p < .01)로 낮은 상관 관계를 보였고, 청력도 인지기능 점수와 상관계수 -.30(p < .05)로 낮은 상관관계를 나타냈다. 결 론: 노인의 시각과 청각의 기능저하는 삶의 질, 우울, 인지기능에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나 타났다.

The aging of Korea is rapidly advancing in an unprecedented rate in the world. Indoor and outdoor safety accidents involving the elderly frequently occur, with elderly population increasing. Because the physical strength of elderly is decreased, it is necessary to develop devices that aid the everyday life of the elderly to prevent safety accidents. Among many activities, the motions of standing from and sitting on a chair require much physical strength from particular body parts, which causes an overload for particular body parts. To the elderly the repeating motion of standing from and sitting down on a chair is burdensome, because they do not have enough physical strength compare to young persons . As a result the elderly could be injured or falling during standing or sitting. Therefore, the development of a lift chair that considers the problems mentioned above is necessary to prevent the safety accidents of the elderly. The study designed a non-motorized lift chair that comfortably aids the standing and sitting down motion for the use of the elderly by reflecting the anthropometric data of the Korean elderly over 65 years old. Also the design was implemented to smoothly aid the standing motion by considering the knee angle of the elderly when standing. Because the regained strength to stand from a chair is depend on the knee angle. Unlike existing lift devices, this device utilizes a tilting mechanism that does not use electric power so that the product could be composed inexpensively than existing chairs released in the market.

본 연구는 교정시설 수형자의 범죄 유형별［재산범죄, 강력범죄(흉악), 강력범죄(폭력) 및 기타범죄］로 차이가 있을 수 있는 심리-사회적 변인들의 특성을 비교분석하여, 추후 연구에 대한 토대 제공 및 수형자 관리와 교육에 반영하려는 목적에서 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 교정시설에 수용된 총 276명의 조사 자료가 사용되었다. 그 결과, 19개 주요 측정 변인들 가운데 결혼만족, 자녀만족, 자존심욕구충족, 주관안녕 및 전반적인 삶의 만족이라는 5개 변인들이 범죄 유형별로 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 차이를 보였다. 즉, 재산범죄자들이 강력(흉악)범들에 비하여 결혼만족과 자녀만족 및 주관안녕 수준이 높았고, 자존심욕구충족 수준은 재산범죄와 기타범죄자가 강력(흉악)범들에 비하여 높았으며, 전반적인 삶의 만족 평가에서는 강력(흉악)범들이 가장 낮았을 뿐, 나머지 세 범죄 유형 간에는 차이가 없었다. 마지막으로 연구의 시사점과 앞으로의 연구방향을 논의했다.

본 연구는 사회복지적 차원에서 노인 대상 성교육 및 성상담 프로그램을 통하여 노인의 성 문제를 효과적으로 원조하는 방법을 찾고자 하는 탐색적인 연구이다. 문헌연구 및 노인 대상 성교육 및 성상담 실천현장의 전문가를 대상으로 노인 성교육 및 성상담에 대 한 인식을 묻는 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 그리고 인터뷰 결과를 근거로 성교육 및 성상담 프로그램을 구성하였으며, 노인복지회관에서 전문가에 의해 실시되는 노인들을 대상으로 한 성교육 및 성상담 프로그램의 진행과정을 관찰하였고 참가자들의 프로그램 만족도를 평가하였다. 따라서 노인들이 갖는 의사소통의 어려움, 남녀 간의 성적 차이, 성 인식의 차이에서 나타나는 문제들을 대처하기 위해 사회복지적 요인 적용 성교육 및 성상담 프로그램을 운영하였더니 사회복지적 요인 적용 프로그램뿐만 아니라 전반적인 집단프로그램에 대한 만족도가 높게 나왔으며, 노인의 성문제 해결 가능성을 예측할 수 있는 효과가 나타났다. 또한 사회복지적 요인 적용 성교육 및 성상담 프로그램은 노인의 의사소통능력 향상과 남녀 간의 성적 차이와 성 인식의 차이 이해에 영향을 줄 수 있다고 예측할 수 있다.

The purpose of this study compared the ability of feedback breathing training (FBT) and balloon blowing training to enhance the breathing of elderly people. The subjects were randomly and evenly divided into a feedback breathing training group (FBTG) and a balloon blowing training group (BBTG). Each group trained 3 times a week for 4 weeks, with the training suspended during the last 2 weeks. Pulmonary function measurements were obtained before the test and 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the test: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) and vital capacity (VC). A repeatedmeasures ANOVA was conducted for the significance test. The FBT resulted in a significant increase in the FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEF, and VC of the elderly smokers after 4 weeks and a significant decrease in the FVC, FEV1/FVC, and PEF after 6 weeks. The BBT resulted in a significant increase in the FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, and VC of the elderly smokers after 4 weeks and a significant decrease in the FVC, FEV1/FVC, and PEF after 6 weeks. In conclusion, An at home breathing rehabilitation program, in addition to balloon blowing, could increase the breathing performance of elderly people.

With the increase in elderly population rate, interest in development of equipment to aid for the elderly activities has been increased. Since the physical features of repetitive behavior of elderly people standing and sitting can cause the stress on certain parts of the body, The necessity of developing Lift Chair concerning the foregoing problem has been to the fore. In this study, we set the average body size of the elderly aiming to develop non-motorized Lift Chair, developed Non-motorized tilting mechanism based on the Muscle strength change at knee angle, and did a study relatively inexpensive Lift Chair considering esthetic and practicality.

The present study analyzed data from the 3D measurement of the feet of men aged over 20 years residing in the capital region as part of the 6th Anthropometry of Size Korea. To analyze the characteristics of the foot shapes of young men aged 20~39 years and middle-aged/elderly men aged 40~69 years by age and by type, a cluster analysis was conducted using the factors derived through the factor analysis as independent variables. The results of the study that analyzed the characteristics of foot shapes by type according to differences in age were as follows. First, through the analysis of the characteristics of the foot shapes of young men by type, five factors were extracted, and the foot shapes were classified into three types: Type 1 (short and flat), Type 2 (thick), and Type 3 (long and wide). Second, through the analysis of the characteristics of the foot shapes of middle-aged/elderly men by type, six factors were extracted, and the foot shapes were classified into four types: Type 1 (short and regular), Type 2 (flat), Type 3 (thick), and Type 4 (long and regular). The results of the present study are expected to serve as basic data for the design of shoes by age and foot type.

목적 : 노인의 IADL에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요인들을 기존 문헌들의 고찰을 통하여 분석하고, 도출된 요인들을 ICF에 따라 분류하여 최근 IADL의 연구 경향 및 각 요인들 간의 상관성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 노인의 IADL에 대해 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하기 위하여 다양한 데이터베이스를 이용하여 관련 문헌들을 검색하였다. 연구의 최근 동향을 알아보기 위하여 2000년도 이후 10년간의 문헌을 조사 및 분석하였다. 조사된 각각의 변인들은 ICF의 분류 체계의 의거하여 재분류하였다. 결과 : 본 연구의 고찰 대상으로 선정된 논문은 총 44편이었으며, 연구결과 노인의 IADL에 영향을 미치는 주된 요인으로는 노인의 건강상태로 나타났으며, 신체적 기능과 우울을 포함한 정신 질환이 그 뒤를 이었다. 또한 ICF의 분류에 의해서 분석한 결과 personal factors 영역에 포함된 논문이 많았다. 결론 : 빠르게 변화하는 현대사회에서 노인의 긍정적인 삶의 유지를 위해 노인의 IADL에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대한 필요성과 중요성을 인식시키고, 노인의 IADL 증진을 위한 지속적인 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다.

Objective : Dementia prevention program has been applied in Center for dementia by the occupational therapists. We evaluated the efficacy of this program to the elderly non-demented women in senior citizens center for cognitive, physical function and depression.Methods : We applied this program to women subjects from a senior citizens centers in 12 sessions. Cognitive and physical functions and depression were compared between pre and post-intervention with Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Timed-Up and Go test (TUG), One Leg Standing Test (OLST) and Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form-Korea version (GDSSF-K).Results : We enrolled 26 non-dementia women from four senior citizens centers in Seoul Yangcheon-gu. The K-MMSE improved after the dementia prevention program significantly (p=.00). The GDSSF-K was significantly different between pre and post-intervention (p=.02). For physical function, TUG (p=.02) and OLST in opening eyes were significantly improved (respectively, p=.00 in right side, and p=.00 in left side). OLST in closed eyes were tend to be improved after the intervention, however, they were not significantly different.Conclusion : The dementia prevention program of Center for dementia has proved to improve cognitive and physical function and to reduce depression in the non-demented women from senior citizens centers. These findings suggest that the dementia prevention program that has led by occupational therapist in Center for dementia can be applied other setting in a community.

Objective : The purpose of this study was to compare the participation and influencing factors between rural and urban elderly and to identify their affecting factors.Methods : Data were collected from 77 rural and urban elderly. The instruments used in this study were Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K), Outpatient Physical Therapy Improvement in Movement Log (OPTIMAL), Korean form of Geriatric Depression Scale (KGDS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation-Participation (USER-Participation). Data were analyzed using a chi-Square test, t-test, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression.Results : All four functions had a statistically significant correlation with their participation. There were significant differences in factors relating to participation between the rural and urban elderly. A high level of negative correlation was found between participation and depression in rural elderly (r=-.486, p<.01), and a high level of positive correlation was found between participation and self-esteem in urban elderly (r=.598, p<.05). The main affecting factor was self-esteem in the urban elderly (p<.01).Conclusion : There were differences in the participation and influencing factors between rural and urban elderly, and the rural elderly were found to have more weaknesses than those from an urban area. An intervention program for participation should be designed differently between those from rural and urban areas.

Objective : The main purpose of this study was to analyze the structural relationship among factors that have an impact on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in three groups: A stroke patient group (Exp 1), high-risk stroke patient group (Exp 2), and a normal control group.Methods : For this survey, we conducted a secondary analysis using ‘the fifth Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2010-2011)’, and investigated 2,293 elderly people over 65 years in age.Results :The results were as follows: HRQOL had a significant difference among groups (control›Exp2›Exp1) (p<.05). In the total effect of the experimental 1 groups, their HRQOL was significantly affected by their mental health (β=.425), self-rated health (β=.391), and medical health (β=.290)(p<.05). In the total effect of the experimental 2 group, their HRQOL was significantly by their self-rated health (β=.425), medical health (β =.272), mental health (β=.249), and functional health (β=.234) (p<.05). In the total effect of the control group, their HRQOL was significantly affected by their self-rated health (β=.398) and mental health (β=.184)(p<.05).Conclusion : In conclusion, this study suggested two matters to improve the HRQOL in people with or without a stroke. First, to improve the HRQOL in people suffering from senility, a different approach is needed according to whether the person has had or not had a stoke. Particularly in stroke patients, we should treat both their physical disability and mental health. Second, regardless of whether they have had a stroke, their HRQOL is influenced strongly by their self-rated level of health, and therefore an improvement of HRQOL will be induced by promoting positive health behaviors.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of taping on knee joint for patellofemoral compressive force (PCF) during stair descent for elderly women. Ten healthy elderly women voluntarily participated in this study. A three-dimensional motion analysis system and force plates were used to analyze the movements of the joints for the lower extremities. The results were as follows: There were no significant differences for the maximum PCF, maximum quadriceps contraction force and maximum knee extension moment (p>.05) but, there was a pattern decreasing all values with the taping during stair descent. There were significant differences for the knee and ankle angle on the event of maximum PCF (p<.05) and there was a pattern decreasing all values with the taping during stair descent. Therefore, taping on the knee would be effective to relieve the pain like patellofemoral pain syndrome in the knee joint.