The purposes of this study was to identify the level of satisfaction with the food quality in a company cafeteria located in Daejon. 400 people were given questionnaires, of which 341 questionnaires were returned for analysis (90.25% response rate). Our results show, 85.63% of customers eat at the cafeteria more than 3~4 times per week. 48.68% of people surveyed chose their meal based on the proximity when they enter the cafeteria. 39.59% said the most important factor for eating at the cafeteria was taste. 33.72% said it was quality. The type of food that was leftover the most was ‘Guk’ (soup). 52.20% said ‘Guk’ was leftover due to the awful taste. Food quality (34.60%) and taste (34.02%) required the most improvement according to those surveyed. Additionally, we divided food quality into 3 factors: ‘sanitation & service’, ‘food’, and ‘menu composition’. People who marked down ‘no other place to eat’ was the reason they ate at the cafeteria also had the lowest satisfaction scores across all items (p<0.001). Improving the ‘Guk’ and ‘meat’ was rated as the most important criteria to improve satisfaction with leftover food. Unsurprisingly, the ‘taste’ of leftover food had the lowest satisfaction scores. Those who had the lowest quality satisfaction scores also wanted to improve ‘taste’, ‘quality’ and ‘sanitation’ the most (p<0.001). Based on these findings, the foodservice manager can increase the overall satisfaction with the cafeteria food by focusing on improving the taste, quality and sanitation of the food that it serves.

In this study, we investigated the dietary habits, snacks, and self-purchasing snacks (SPS) intake behaviors of 519 elementary school students (boys=239, girls=280). Obesity was significantly higher (p<0.05) in boys (24.8%) than in girls (14.7%) and the proportion of underweight subjects was higher compared to normal or other weight groups for both the boys and the girls. There were 7.5% of the subjects in the group that always skipped breakfast, and the main reason of skipping breakfast was insufficient time (51.9%). The snack intake frequency was once or twice per week for 23.1% of the subjects and three or four times per week for 25.1%. The SPS intake frequency was the subjects zero for 35.6% of the highest level of the responders, while 6.8% of the respondents took more than once SPS per day. 59.6% of the respondents consumed SPS due to hunger while 15.0% consumed SPS out of boredom. The SPS was purchased from supermarkets in 34.5% of the cases, from convenience stores in 24.1% and from snack corners in 20.0% of cases or from a store near school in 14.5% of the cases. Analysis of SPS behaviors according to obesity index showed that parent’s opinion of ‘permission to buy SPS as needed’ had a significant effect in 64.5% over weight subjects compared to only 53.7% in underweight groups. The subjects who used more than 3/4 of their pocket money to buy SPS was higher in the overweight groups (16.4%) than in the underweight groups (7.0%) and normal weight groups (9.8%). The favorite snacks and SPS were milk and yogurt for 45.7% of the subjects, fruits for 42.7%, ice cream for 26.4%, fruit juices for 23.8%, sweet stuff for 16.4%, frozen dessert for 8.9%, and chocolate or candy for 8.1% in descending order. The intake frequency of milk, yogurt, and fruit juices was higher in the underweight groups, but the intake frequency of sweet stuff, frozen dessert, and chocolate or candy was higher in over weight groups. The intake of frozen dessert was more than four times higher in the overweight groups than in the underweight groups. In conclusion, dietary habits, snacks, and SPS intake behaviors were similar between the boys and the girls and obesity groups, but most students appeared to have a high preference for intake snacks and SPS. Therefore, education for appropriate snacks intake habits will be beneficial for improving their dietary habits and health.

글로벌 경쟁시대로 접어들면서 산업 분야를 막론하고 표준화의 중요성은 날로 증대되고 있다. 세계화가 진척됨에 따라 빠른 속도로 증가하는 국가 간 무역에서도 표준화를 통한 호환성 확보는 수출 경쟁력을 결정하는 필수적인 요소가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 러한 표준 및 표준화에 대한 교육 실태와 표준화 교육이 기업의 성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 서 연구하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 우리나라 정보통신 및 전기전자 기업을 샘플로 하여 표준화 교육의 실태를 확인하였다. 또한 기업의 표준 및 표준화 교육에 영향을 미치는 요인을 기업 의 특성, 업종, 업력, 그리고 교육에 대한 필요성 인식의 측면에서 확인하였다. 그 결과 기업 의 특성과 표준화 교육에 대한 필요성의 인식에 따라서 표준 및 표준화 교육의 수준이 양적 으로 달라짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 이러한 표준 및 표준화 교육의 실시 수준이 기 업의 성과에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지를 확인하였다. 연구 결과 표준화 교육의 횟수 및 교육인원은 기업의 R&D 수행과 생산 및 품질 개선으로 대표되는 기업의 성과에 긍정적인 영향 을 미침을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 글로벌 경쟁에서 경쟁력을 확보하기 위한 방편으로 표준화 교육의 중요성에 대해서 확인하였다는 점에서 그 함의를 가진다.

This study examined the utilization of processed food and the recognition of food labels among 257 university students (201 females and 56 males) in Seoul and Kangwon-do. The results of the study showed that the most important considered information on food labels are shelf life, nutrition facts, and price in sequential order. Female students’recognition of nutrition facts was significantly higher than that of male students (p<0.05). Female students more attentively checked the manufacturer, origin of the products, and shelf life information on food labels than did the male students. In checking out the food labels information, the most checked items on food labels were calories, trans fatty acid and cholesterol in that order and the least checked information was the sodium contents. Among processed foods, male students’consumption was dominant in instant noodles, frozen dumplings, and canned goods, while female students had more candies/chocolates. In selecting processed foods, male students showed strong preference for cheaper and quantitative products, while female students chose more tasty, brand new, well-known brand, and products of domestic origin. Frequency of canned and frozen food consumption showed a positive correlation with BMI, while candies/chocolates showed a negative correlations with BMI. Negative correlations were found in the attitude of selecting food with longer shelf life and BMI. The results of this study suggest that university students need to be well informed to make wise food choices that contribute to a healthy diet. Additionally, food manufacturers and government authorities concerned should make certain that consumers know how to use food label information more easily and effectively through proper education.

The purposes of this study were to investigate the eating of breakfast by female middle school students in Seoul, the perception of the school breakfast program (SBP), and determine the factors affecting the intention to participate in SBP. Out of 340 questionnaires distributed to the female middle school students, 334 were returned (98.2% response rate) and 323 were analyzed. The subjects were categorized into two groups by the intention to participate in SBP. Subjects were classified as participating and non participating groups. As a result of analyzing the breakfast intake frequency, 'hardly eat' showed the highest with 18.5% in the participating group and 10.3% in non participating group, while 'eat every day' showed 38.2% in the participating group, and the highest with 65.5% in non participating group (p<0.001). For the reason for skipping breakfast, 'no time' showed the highest with 30.0% in the participating group, 'over sleep' and 'no appetite' showed the highest with 24.8% in non participating group. For the reason for not participating in SBP, 'breakfast should be eaten at home' showed the highest with 47.2% in non participating group and 'may get up early in the morning' showed the highest with 46.2% in participating group (p<0.01). To determine the factors affecting the intention to participate in SBP, logistic regression analyses were conducted for female middle school students. According to the logistic regression analysis, father's education level was independently associated with the intention to participate in SBP in female middle school students [Odds Ratios (OR) 2.38, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.03~5.52]. Frequency of eating breakfast on weekdays (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.01~1.81), Level of need for school breakfast (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.35~0.76) and whether to approve school breakfast (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.18~0.41) were independently associated with the intention to participate in SBP in female middle school students. In conclusion, proper educational efforts for importance of school breakfast could be useful plan to develop school breakfast program.

This study was conducted to figure the usage status and satisfaction of food-related smartphone applications by generic characteristics and food purchase attributes of Seoul area workers. The results show that health vitality-oriented group, married compared to single, those with higher eating-out expenses possess more food-related applications (p<0.05). The primary reason for the usage of food-related applications was the need for food-related information (53.7%). The highest application subjects in use were restaurant-related information and recipe information. The real-life aid food-related applications utilized most were also restaurant information (60.7%) and recipe information (28.3%). Health vitality-oriented respondents especially turned out to use nutrition information and food functionality information often (p<0.01), and recipes or calories & diet information usage frequency was higher in women than in men (p<0.001). Restaurant-related information were more frequently used by singles, highly educated, and those with high income and eating-out expenses (p<0.05). Satisfaction of food-related applications was normal (3.06), showing that the satisfactory level is not yet high. Satisfaction regarding purchase attributes showed that the health vitality-oriented group (3.19) was more satisfied compared to other groups (p<0.05), and women (3.16) were more satisfied that men (2.89) were (p<0.05). Inconveniences of food-related applications were highest in usage fee (3.29), simplicity of information (3.28), lack of reliability of information and need for update (3.10). The results of this study implies that various subdivisions of food-related applications users should be implemented; at the same time, food-related applications covering diverse subjects that regard each group's characteristics should be developed in order to utilize food-related knowledge and information as a marketing tool in the food industry; this can efficiently be done by paying attention to the quality of information and updates within applications.

본 연구에서 Tokyo-MOU의 정보시스템 APCIS와 해양수산부 항만국통제 정보관리시스템의 PSC 실태를 분석한 결과, 2009년을 기준으로 결함지적률(DFR)과 출항정지율(DTR) 모두 감소 추세를 보였다. 그러나 선령 30년 이상 선박과 편의치적 선박, Ro-Ro 여객선과 일반화물선, 총톤수 1,000톤 이하의 소형선박은 높은 DFR과 DTR을 보였다. 항만별로는 제주항을 제외한 전체 항만의 평균 DFR은 82.5 %, 평균 DTR 5.1 %로 나타났으며, 항만별로 큰 편차를 보였다. 각 항만별 PSCO가 점검해야 할 선박의 척수도 심한 지역 불균형을 보였다. 항만국통제관(PSCO)이 지적하는 우리나라 항만국통제의 가장 큰 문제점으로는 인력부족과 1인에 의한 단독점검으로 밝혀졌다. 우리나라의 PSC 점검 내실과 강화를 위해서는 고위험선박을 대상으로 한 집중점검, 4개 구역으로 한 권역별 인적 네트워크(협력체) 구축, 항만별 점검 할당량 재산정, PSCO 인력확보 등의 개선책이 필요하다.

노조의 위기극복방안 즉 활성화방안에 대한 논의가 많이 제시되고 있는 가운데, 신자유주의 세계화 속에서 노조의 지역조직이 중요한 역할을 담당해야 한다는 인식에 따라 본 논문은 노동조합 지역조직의 활성화노력에 관해 민주노총 부산지역본부를 중심으로 실태를 살펴보고 활성화방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 1차 자료를 이용한 문헌연구가 주된 것이며, 필자들의 경험을 외삽하였다. 노조활성화에 대한 제 논의를 노조효과성과 노조활성화차원을 중심으로 살펴보아 실태분석과 방안제시의 분석틀로서 활성화차원을 조직화, 연대ㆍ연합형성, 정치적 행위 및 재구조화로 정리하여 마련한 후 민주노총 부산지역본부의 경과와 현황을 일반적인 것과 설정한 사업목표와 과제를 살펴보고, 부산지역본부의 활성화 노력을 조직화, 연대ㆍ연합형성, 정치적 행위 및 재구조화라는 활성화차원별로 분석하여 살펴보았다. 결과로서 부산지역본부의 노조활성화 노력이 많았다고 할 수 없었으며 이에 따라 부산지역본부의 노조효과성도 대표성, 교섭력, 영향력 모두에서 낮아서, 부산지역노동운동의 침체가 심화되고 있음을 감안할 때, 부산지역본부의 노조활성화 노력이 절실하게 요구되는 실정임을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 점을 바탕으로, 구조적 한계와 필요한 전제조건을 고려하면서, 조직화, 연대ㆍ연합형성, 정치적 행위 및 재구조화라는 활성화 분석틀의 차원별로 부산지역본부의 활성화 방안을 제시하였다. 나아가 활성화전략들 중에서 부산지역본부는 조직화전략을 중심으로 추진해야 할 것을 제시하였다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate elementary school teachers’ and students’ experience of teaching and learning English grammar and how they perceive English grammar education with regard to its role in learning English and the need and ways of including grammar instruction into the curriculum. Questionnaires were administered to 123 teachers and 1513 6th grade students. In addition, written interviews with 20 teachers were done through e-mail. Major findings from the analysis of this survey are three-fold. First, most of the teachers and the students had experiences of teaching and learning English grammar and they perceived that English grammar knowledge plays a positive role in learning English. Second, majority of both the teachers and the students believed that grammar instruction should start in 5th grade, but there is a gap between the teachers and the students with respect to grammar teaching approaches; the teachers prefer the inductive method, while the students prefer the deductive one. Third, many teachers considered that grammar instruction would not have a negative effect on English classes based on the communicative language teaching approach, but they believed that activities for grammar instruction should be well designed in order to keep students interested in learning English. Based on these results, several suggestions for improving English education in elementary schools are made.

Experiment was set up to analyze bycatch and discards situation including snow crap Chionoecetes opilio of whelk trap. Four types of trap were used: drum type trap with PE net; drum type trap with PBS net; cylinder type trap with PE net; and cylinder type net with PBS net. Three funnels were attached in drum type trap and two funnels were used in cylinder type trap. A fleet of traps was consisted with one hundred traps. 25 traps of each type were set on a line in repeated sequence. Field experiments were conducted with 6 fishing operations in the Uljin waters, East Sea in July 2014. Catch of target whelks were 173,261 g and catch rate was 48.7% of total catch, while bycatch were 182,571 g, 51.3% of tatal catch. The catch rate of bycatch was 2.6% higher than that of target catch. Bycatch weight of snow crap was the highest as 142,987 g and formed about 40.2% of total catch, followed giant octopus, Enteroctopus dofleini, 31,762 g (8.9%). Bycatch rate of cylinder type trap was 2.3 times higher than that of drum type trap. Discard rate (discard/(discard+landing)) was 43.6%. Discard rate was the highest at cylinder type trap with PBS net as 63.1%, followed cylinder type trap with PE net as 47.9%, drum type trap with PE net as 33.4%, the lowest at drum type trap with PBS net as 22.1%.

한국의 쌀 수급상황을 볼 때 생산은 유지되고 소비는 줄어들며 외국쌀 수입은 늘게 되어 공급과잉이 전망되므로 관세화에 대한 대응책으로 수출시장 개척이 중요한 과제이다. 본 연구는 현재 우리 쌀을 가장 많이 수출하고 있는 호주와 인접한 뉴질랜드 시장의 유통실태를 조사하여, 쌀 수출 확대를 위한 대응방안을 모색코자 하였으며 결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 1. 호주의 쌀 생산 및 유통실태를 파악하고, 한국 수출 쌀의 주요 고객인 호주 교민을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 주요 조사항목은 쌀 구입 및 소비행태, 한국 쌀 가격 및 품질 등에 대한 의견, 개선사항 등이었다. 응답자는 324명으로 연령별로는 60대(41.0%), 10년 이상 거주자(58.3%)가 가장 많았다. 2. 호주의 쌀 유통경로는 크게 국내 생산품과 해외 수입품의 2가지로 나뉜다. 호주에서 생산된 쌀은 도매단계에서 80% 이상이 해외로 수출되며, 나머지는 국내 일부 소비층 또는 다른 가공업체에 공급된다. 수입 쌀의 국가별 비중은 태국, 인도, 파키스탄, 미국(8.7%), 베트남, 이탈리아, 한국(0.8%)의 순이다. 3. 호주 교민의 쌀 구매 시 중요시하는 요인은 품질(50.0%)이 가장 많고, 가격(17.0%), 생산지(17.0%), 브랜드(8.3%) 등이었다. 가격은 비싸다(44.1%), 아주 비싸다(9.3%)가 적당하다(42.0%)보다 많았다. 따라서 호주 수출용 쌀은 품질을 우선시하면서 가격대를 낮추는 전략이 중요함을 보여주고 있다. 4. 호주의 인접시장인 뉴질랜드에서는 한국 쌀을 수입 판매한 경험이 있는 업체들과 한인마트의 유통실태를 조사하였다. 자포니카 쌀 시장에서 미국쌀과 경쟁하기 위해서는 가격경쟁력을 높이고 수요가 증가하고 있는 초밥용과 중국계를 겨냥한 마케팅 전략이 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 5. 앞으로 한국 쌀의 수출 확대를 위해서는 최고품질과 안전성으로 승부하는 고가미 시장과 개발도상국을 대상으로 하는 중저가미 시장 등 2 트랙 전략이 필요하다. 품질을 기본으로 하면서 생산비 절감을 통한 가격경쟁력 제고가 시급한 과제이며, 쌀 소비패턴 등 해외시장에 대한 정보축적과 한국 쌀의 인지도를 높이기 위한 홍보강화도 중요하다. 6. 잠재적 수출시장에 한국 쌀의 우수성을 알릴 수 있는 정보도 체계적으로 공급하여야 하며, 인지도를 제고하기 위해 마케팅에 정책적 지원이 요구된다. 수출용 쌀 통합브랜드 개발과 엄격한 품질관리, 장기유통을 위한 포장재 개발, 수출전문생산단지 조성과 전문 업체 육성도 필요하다. 또한 전문성을 갖춘 인력양성이 병행되어야 효율성을 높일 수 있을 것이다.

신선편이 버섯의 유통 시 포장실태 및 관능적 품질을 파 악하기 위하여 2009년 1월~10월에 계절별로 수도권 인근 의 대형할인마트를 직접 방문하여 신선편이 버섯 제품 총 51종을 수집하여 조사하였다. 수집된 신선편이 버섯은 혼 합형과 단독형으로는 느타리버섯, 팽이버섯은 송이채 다듬 어지거나 큰느타리버섯, 표고버섯은 슬라이스나 다이스 절 단되어 바로 조리(튀김, 볶음, 전골, 육개장, 찌개 등) 에 사 용할 수 있도록 하였고 대부분이 알루미늄이나 PS, PET, nylon 등을 재료로 한 용기에 담겨 PVC 랩이나 견고한 PP, PS 덮개 형태로 포장되었으며 89%가 제조일이나 유통 기한을 표시하였다. 수집된 신선편이 버섯 제품의 관능학 적 품질 조사 결과, 갈변 발생이 심한 것이 10%, 이취 발 생이 심한 것이 4%를 차지하였으며 전체적 품질은 90%의 제품이 판매 가능한 수준이었다. 계절에 따른 관능학적 품 질에 차이를 보여 가을과 겨울에는 상품성이 높게 유지되 었으나 봄과 여름에는 갈변이나 이취 발생 억제를 위한 신 선도 관리에 유의할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

Lee, Jinsung. 2014. A Study of College Students' Malpractice in Korean Orthography: a Follow-up Study with a Special Emphasis on the Influence of Chatting Language. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 22(3). This study is a follow-up study of Lee's(2001) “A study of malpractice of orthography among Korean college students-with a special emphasis on the influence of chatting language”. Within the similar research framework, Some malpractice of orthography in current college students' essays were compared with those of Lee's. The aim of this study, therefore, is to find out how, in what aspects and extents, the influence of chatting language on formal written language has manifested different characteristics after a span of 13 years. Regardless of the drastically increased use of chatting language these days, most of its characterizing features were found to be significantly declined in current students' essays, compared with Lee's(2001). Expressions or vocabularies mainly suitable for spoken colloquial language, however, were observed to be adopted much more frequently and freely in formal written essays. This study additionally investigated the Korean orthography rules on separating words, which were not dealt in Lee's. Violations relating to separating words were found to be seriously grave, which can be considered as a direct negative influence of general writing practice of chatting language, where the rules are routinely ignored chiefly for the economy of space and time.

보육사업은 정부의 주도하에 급격한 양적성장을 이루었고, 이에 따라 보육서비스의 질적 향상을 위해서는 정부의 노력 뿐 아니라 보육서비스를 제공하는 주체인 어린이집 보육교직원들의 자발적이고 적극적인 노력이 필요하다. 영유아기는 전인적 성장을 위한 토대로서 인생의 기초가 형성되는 중요한 시기이며, 영유아 교육은 영유아의 발달적 특성이나 교육과정, 교수방법, 영유아와의 상호작용에서의 특수성 때문에 교육의 질이 교사의 질에 크게 의존하고 있다. 그러므로 영유아기에 받은 교육의 질에 따라 이후의 삶에 결정적인 영향을 받게 된다는 점에서 교사의 자질이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 G구 보육교직원을 대상으로 어린이집 및 보육과정에 대한 인식 및 어려움을 살펴보고 이를 통해 보육의 질 향상을 위한 보육 전반의 어린이집 운영 및 보육과정 운영의 개선방법을 살펴보기 위해 설문지를 사용하여 사전조사 및 본조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 보육교직원의 어린이집 운영에 대한 어려움은 국공립어린이집의 경우 안전, 시설ㆍ설비, 재정, 행정, 보육교직원에서 어려움을 보였으며, 민간어린이집과 가정어린이집을 비교해보았을 때 민간어린이집의 경우 보육교직원에 대한 어려움을 많이 느끼고 상대적으로 가정어린이집은 학부모에 대한 어려움을 많이 느끼고 있었다. 어린이집에서 시급하게 개선해야 하는 내용은 국공립어린이집과 가정어린이집의 경우 시설ㆍ설비 개선, 민간어린이집은 보육교사 급여 및 처우를 어려움으로 생각하고 있었다. 그리고 3~5세 누리과정 시행에 있어서 느끼는 어려움은 국공립, 민간, 가정어린이집 모두 교사들 간의 임금 형평성 문제와 평가인증에서는 국공립, 민간, 가정어린이집 모두 업무 과중을 어려움으로 생각하고 있었다. 어린이집 운영과 보육과정 운영에 있어서 보육교직원 들은 다양한 어려움에 직면하게 된다. 이에 따라 정책적인 지원뿐만 아니라 지속적인 교육과 프로그램 개발을 통해 이를 지원할 수 있어야겠다.

According to the statistics of occupational injuries in 2013, the work platforms were main objects causing fall injuries in construction sites. But many scaffold and platform workers use and install the work platforms and the fixed and mobile scaffolding without considering about safety and health standards. We had done a nationwide survey about how the platform workers obey safety and health standards. As the result of this survey, in order to ensure the safety of the work platforms, we founded that the platform workers must obey the safety and health standards when using and installing the work platforms. To improve the safety and health conscious of the workers, it needs to educate a worker on safety and health standards for work platforms. Also, to effectively prevent constructin injuries for the work platforms, it is rextricted for workers to use only safety certified work platforms. And, before installing and using work platforms, it needs to make a work plan for work platforms and obey it.